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Redalyc.Diet of Two Sit-And-Wait Lizards, Phyllopezus Pollicaris (Spix Biota Neotropica ISSN: 1676-0611 [email protected] Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade Brasil de Albuquerque, Nelson Rufino; da Silva Costa-Urquiza, Arianna; Pereira Soares, Michelly; Saucedo Alves, Ledilene; Santiago Urquiza, Marcus Vinícius Diet of two sit-and-wait lizards, Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) (Phyllodactylidae) and Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) (Gekkonidae) in a perianthropic area of Mato Grosso do Sul, western Brazil Biota Neotropica, vol. 13, núm. 4, octubre-diciembre, 2013, pp. 376-381 Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade Campinas, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=199130048032 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Biota Neotrop., vol. 13, no. 4 Diet of two sit-and-wait lizards, Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) (Phyllodactylidae) and Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) (Gekkonidae) in a perianthropic area of Mato Grosso do Sul, western Brazil Nelson Rufino de Albuquerque1,2, Arianna da Silva Costa-Urquiza1, Michelly Pereira Soares1, Ledilene Saucedo Alves1 & Marcus Vinícius Santiago Urquiza1 1Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS, Campus do Pantanal, Av. Rio Branco, 1270, Universitário, CEP 79304-902, Corumbá, MS, Brazil 2Corresponding author: Nelson Rufino de Albuquerque: e-mail: [email protected] ALBUQUERQUE, N.R., COSTA-URQUIZA, A.S., SOARES, M.P., ALVES, L.S. & URQUIZA, M.V.S. Diet of two sit-and-wait lizards, Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) (Phyllodactylidae) and Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) (Gekkonidae) in a perianthropic area of Mato Grosso do Sul, western Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 13(4): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v13n4/en/abstract?short-communication+bn01913042013 Abstract: The dietary compositions of two sit-and-wait lizard species, Hemidactylus mabouia and Phyllopezus pollicaris, which co-occur over rocky substrate and vertical rock walls in a perianthropic area of western Brazil, were described. Both species showed a generalist feeding pattern, feeding mainly on insects. The most frequent prey items in the diet of P. pollicaris were Coleoptera, Araneae and Homoptera whereas the most important were Coleoptera and Homoptera, respectively. For H. mabouia the most frequent prey items were Araneae followed by Coleopterae and Hemiptera, whereas the most important items were H. mabouia followed by Formicidae and Hemiptera. Our identification into broader prey-types categories (i.e., order or family-level) suggests that some degree of food resource partitioning may occur, possibly through the occupation of different temporal niches. Keywords: food habits, Reptilia, Squamata, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul. ALBUQUERQUE, N.R., COSTA-URQUIZA, A.S., SOARES, M.P., ALVES, L.S. & URQUIZA, M.V.S. Dieta de dois lagartos senta-e-espera, Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) (Phyllodactylidae) e Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) (Gekkonidae) em uma área periantrópica do Mato Grosso do Sul, no oeste do Brasil. Biota Neotrop. 13(4): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v13n4/pt/abstract?short- communication+bn01913042013 Resumo: A composição da dieta de duas espécies de lagartos senta-e-espera, Hemidactylus mabouia e Phyllopezus pollicaris, que coocorrem sobre substratos rochosos e paredões rochosos em uma área periantrópica no oeste do Brasil, foi descrita. Ambas as espécies demonstraram um padrão de alimentação generalista, alimentando- se principalmente de insetos. As presas mais frequentes na dieta de P. pollicaris foram Coleoptera, Araneae e Homoptera enquanto que os itens mais importantes foram Coleoptera e Homoptera, respectivamente. Para H. mabouia as presas mais frequentes foram Araneae seguido de Coleoptera e Hemiptera, enquanto que os itens mais importantes foram H. mabouia seguido de Formicidae e Hemiptera. Nossas identificações de presas em categorias mais amplas (i.e., nível de ordem ou família) sugerem que certo grau de partição de recursos alimentares pode ocorrer, possivelmente através da ocupação de nichos temporais diferentes. Palavras-chave: hábitos alimentares, Reptilia, Squamata, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v13n4/en/abstract?short-communication+bn01913042013 Biota Neotrop., vol. 13, no. 4 377 Diet of Phyllopezus pollicaris and Hemidactylus mabouia in Mato Grosso do Sul Introduction pollicaris were manually captured in October 2009 and April-June 2010, between 17:00 and 22:00 hours with the aid of flashlights The lack of information on the ecology of introduced species and plastic bags. Subsequently, the lizards were euthanized with a of reptiles and their interactions with native biota has been one of lethal dose of anesthetic Thiopentax 1g, fixed in 10% formalin and the limiting factors for understanding the impacts produced and the preserved in 70% alcohol. Stomach contents were collected from subsequent management of these species (Rocha & Anjos 2007, adult specimens, and stored in alcohol for later analysis. Vitt & Caldwell 2009). Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) and Most stomach contents were identified to order level. Ants Hemidactylus mabouia (Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) are two species of (Hymenoptera) were identified to family level. The volume of intact nocturnal, sit-and-wait lizards, differentiated from each other mainly prey items was estimated by measuring the length and width of prey by the presence of infradigital lamellae single in the first species. items and using the following formula V = (π.length.width2)/6 and While P. pollicaris is found in both open formations and forested Importance Value Index (IVI) using the formula IVI = N% + V%/2 areas from the northeastern to the southeastern region of Brazil (De-Carvalho et al. 2008), where N is the number and V the volume and northern Argentina and southeastern Paraguay, H. mabouia is of prey consumed, in percentage. An overall index of dietary niche cosmopolitan in distribution, occurring in Africa, Madagascar, and overlap between the two species was estimated to determine whether Americas (Vanzolini et al. 1980, Butterfield et al. 1993, Avila-Pires the populations of P. pollicaris and H. mabouia partitioned food 1995). In South America, H. mabouia is considered an invasive resources. A food utilization matrix was constructed with columns as species that was originally introduced either carried by ships used to prey categories, and the number of prey items per stomach represented transport slaves in the 19th century (Goeldi 1902, Vanzolini 1968) or the individual entries of the matrix. From this matrix, pairwise via “natural rafts” (i.e., logs or masses of floating vegetation) (Kluge estimates of niche overlap (O ) were obtained using the Pianka index 1969). Regardless of the cause of its introduction, the range of H. jl (Pianka 1973) (Equation 1): mabouia in the Americas is still expanding (e.g., Franz et al. 1993, n Meshaka Junior et al. 1994, Flaschendrager 1999, Fuenmayor et al. ∑ PPij ik 2005). il= O jk = Despite the fact that both species are nocturnal and sympatrically n PP22 distributed over most of their range, aspects of their natural history ∑∑ij ik il= (e.g., diet) were never studied among syntopic populations of these species. Previous studies have suggested that these two species where Pij and Pik are the frequencies of each prey type consumed by are basically arthropods consumers that feed mainly on Araneae, the j and k species, respectively. Values closer to 1.0 indicate a higher Blattodea, Diptera, insect larvae and Isopoda (e.g., Bonfiglio et al. degree of resource overlap, whereas values closer to 0.0 indicate 2006, Rocha & Anjos 2007, Recoder et al. 2012, Iturriaga & Marrero more differences in prey use. To determine whether measured overlap 2013). Herein, we examined and compared the dietary composition values differed from what would be expected based on a random of two syntopic populations of P. pollicaris and H. mabouia from a sampling of the species data, we performed a randomization analysis perianthropic area in western Brazil. We also reviewed all available through the EcoSim 7.0 software (Gotelli & Entsminger 2001). All published literature on dietary composition of these species for values of the original matrix were randomized 10000 times, and the comparison with our own data. niche breadth was retained for each species. Activity times were collated as 17:00-18:00, 18:01-19:00, 19:01-20:00, 20:01-21:00 and Material and Methods 21:01-22:00 hours to verify the activity of 88 H. mabouia and 45 P. pollicaris (some specimens were not collected). Specimens and This study was conducted in a perianthropic area located in respective stomach contents are deposited in the Coleção Zoológica the city of Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, known as Porto Marina de Referência da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Limoeiro (18° 59’ 54.4” S, 57° 37’ 51.6” W; 124 m a.s.l.). This (ZUFMS) (Appendix). area corresponds to a harbor located at the right margin of the Paraguay River, dominated by rocky substrate and vertical rock walls Results and Discussion (Figure 1). Specimens of Hemidactylus mabouia and Phyllopezus We collected 28 individuals of Phyllopezus pollicaris (11 males and 17 females) and 36 individuals of Hemidactylus mabouia (13 males and 23 females). The number
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