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London Ashford Airport at Lydd Runway Extension LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT AT LYDD RUNWAY EXTENSION ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT December 2006 Prepared for Prepared by London Ashford Airport Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd Lydd Airport Parnell House Ashford 25 Wilton Road Kent London SW1V 1LW TN29 9QL LONDON ASHFORD AIRPORT RUNWAY EXTENSION ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT December 2006 Prepared for Prepared by London Ashford Airport Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd Lydd Airport Parnell House Ashford 25 Wilton Road Kent London SW1V 1LW TN29 9QL LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 EIA METHODOLOGY 24 3 LYDD AIRPORT 29 4 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 39 5 PLANNING POLICY FRAMEWORK 55 6 GROUND CONDITIONS 90 6.1 Introduction 91 6.2 Legislative Drivers 91 6.3 Assessment Methodology 92 6.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 93 6.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 96 6.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 96 6.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 97 6.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 97 6.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 99 6.10 Residual Effects 99 6.11 Summary 99 December 2006 Page 1 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 7 WATER RESOURCES AND FLOOD RISK 101 7.1 Introduction 102 7.2 Legislative Drivers 102 7.3 Assessment Methodology 103 7.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 103 7.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 109 7.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 111 7.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 112 7.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 113 7.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 114 7.10 Residual Effects 115 7.11 Summary 115 8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 117 8.1 Introduction 118 8.2 Legislative Drivers 118 8.3 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 123 8.4 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 123 8.5 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 124 8.6 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 125 8.7 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 126 8.8 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 127 8.9 Residual Effects 129 8.10 Summary 130 December 2006 Page 2 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 9 LAND USE 131 9.1 Introduction 132 9.2 Legislative Drivers 133 9.3 Assessment Methodology 135 9.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 140 9.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 140 9.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 141 9.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 141 9.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 141 9.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 141 9.10 Residual Effects 142 9.11 Summary 142 10 ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION 143 10.1 Introduction 144 10.2 Legislative Drivers 144 10.3 Assessment Methodology 145 10.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 153 10.5 Baseline Conditions (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 162 10.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 163 10.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 166 10.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 170 10.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 173 10.10 Residual Effects 174 10.11 Summary 175 December 2006 Page 3 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 11 BIRD CONSERVATION AND HAZARD MANAGEMENT 176 11.1 Introduction 177 11.2 Legislative Drivers 177 11.3 Assessment Methodology 178 11.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 187 11.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 210 11.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 211 11.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 212 11.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 216 11.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 216 11.10 Residual Effects 221 11.11 Summary 222 12 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL AMENITY 224 12.1 Introduction 225 12.2 Legislative Drivers 225 12.3 Assessment Methodology 225 12.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 230 12.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 235 12.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 236 12.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 238 12.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 239 12.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 239 12.10 Residual Effects 239 12.11 Summary 239 Table 12.4 241 December 2006 Page 4 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 13 CULTURAL HERITAGE AND HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT 248 13.1 Introduction 249 13.2 Legislative Drivers 249 13.3 Assessment Methodology 252 13.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 255 13.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 261 13.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 262 13.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 263 13.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 263 13.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 263 13.10 Residual Effects 263 13.11 Summary 264 14 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT 265 14.1 Introduction 266 14.2 Legislative Drivers 266 14.3 Assessment Methodology 266 14.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 270 14.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 274 14.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 279 14.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 279 14.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 285 14.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 285 14.10 Residual Effects 287 14.11 Summary 288 December 2006 Page 5 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 15 AIR QUALITY 289 15.1 Introduction 290 15.2 Legislative Drivers 292 15.3 Assessment Methodology 294 15.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 301 15.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 306 15.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 310 15.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 311 15.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 316 15.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 317 15.10 Residual Effects 318 15.11 Summary 318 16 NOISE AND VIBRATION 320 16.1 Introduction 321 16.2 Legislative Drivers 321 16.3 Assessment Methodology 321 16.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 328 16.5 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 331 16.6 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 333 16.7 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 335 16.8 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 341 16.9 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 341 16.10 Residual Effects 342 16.11 Summary 342 December 2006 Page 6 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES 17 SOCIO-ECONOMIC 343 17.1 Introduction 344 17.2 Assessment Methodology 344 17.3 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 349 17.4 Baseline Environment (Future Assessment Conditions Scenario) 363 17.5 Predicted Impacts (Construction Works) 363 17.6 Predicted Impacts (Operational Impacts) 364 17.7 Proposed Mitigation (Construction Impacts) 369 17.8 Proposed Mitigation (Operational Impacts) 369 17.9 Residual Effects 369 17.10 Summary 369 18 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 371 18.1 Introduction 372 18.2 Legislative Drivers 372 18.3 Assessment Methodology 372 18.4 Baseline Environment (Existing Conditions Scenario) 373 18.5 Summary 379 19 SUMMARY TABLES 380 19.1 Construction Mitigation 381 19.2 Operation Mitigation 387 December 2006 Page 7 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES RUNWAY EXTENSION ES – LIST OF FIGURES LYDD AIRPORT 3.1 Airport Location 3.2 Current Facilities 3.3 Existing Circuit Patterns 3.4 ILS Non-Directional Beacon 3.5 ILS Approach Offset PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Drainage Strategy - Land Drainage Proposals 4.2 Drainage Strategy – Proposed Runway Drainage 4.3a Proposed Development Footprint 4.3b Proposed Development Footprint 4.4 Proposed Carparking to Accommodate 300,000 Passengers GROUND CONDITIONS 6.1 Soil Types 6.2 Geology Map 6.3 Groundwater Vulnerability 6.4 Proposed and Existing SSSI and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Test Locations WATER RESOURCES AND FLOOD RISK 7.1 River Quality Targets Measuring Points & Standing Surface Water 7.2 Flood Zones and Coastal Defence LAND USE 9.1 Land Usage Map 9.2 Agricultural Land ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION 10.1a Designated Sites of Nature Conservation Importance 10.1b Proposed Designated Sites of Nature Conservation Importance 10.2 Phase I Habitat Map 10.3 Habitat Map Target Notes 10.4 Protected and Uncommon Fauna and Flora of the Lydd Airport Site and Surrounds 10.5 Bats of the Lydd Airport Site and Surrounds 10.6a Aquatic Mammals Survey 10.6b Aquatic Mammals Survey (North) BIRD CONSERVATION AND HAZARD MANAGEMENT 11.1 Breeding Birds Survey Area (2006) 11.1 Breeding Birds Survey Results Legend (2006) 11.1 (A1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (A2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (A3) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (B1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (B2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (C) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (D) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (E3) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (F1) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (F2) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.1 (G) Breeding Birds Survey Results (2006) 11.2 Overwintering Birds Survey Area 11.3 Local Sites of Ornithological Interest 11.4 Safeguarding Areas 11.5 Breeding Birds Survey Results (2005) December 2006 Page 8 Prepared by Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd for LAA LAA RUNWAY EXTENSION ES LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL AMENITY 12.1 Zone of Visual Influence
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