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Hai Loµi C¸ Míi Thuéc Gièng Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) Ë Viöt Nam

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Hai Loµi C¸ Míi Thuéc Gièng Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) Ë Viöt Nam 28(2): 17-20 T¹p chÝ Sinh häc 6-2006 Hai loµi c¸ míi thuéc gièng Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) ë ViÖt Nam D−¬ng Quang Ngäc ViÖn ChiÕn l−îc vµ Ch−¬ng tr×nh gi¸o dôc NguyÔn H÷u Dùc, TrÇn §øc HËu, T¹ ThÞ Thuû Tr−êng ®¹i häc S− ph¹m Hµ Néi Gièng c¸ dÇu Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 Hãa) vµ s«ng NhËt LÖ (tØnh Qu¶ng B×nh) trong cho ®Õn tr−íc c«ng bè nµy cã 4 loµi ph©n bè ë c¸c n¨m 2003-2005, chóng t«i ®· ph¸t hiÖn Trung Quèc vµ miÒn B¾c ViÖt Nam. Trong c¸c thªm 2 loµi míi cho khoa häc, n©ng tæng sè loµi ®ît ®iÒu tra thùc ®Þa t¹i s«ng M· (tØnh Thanh thuéc gièng nµy lªn 6 loµi. I. Kho¸ ®Þnh lo¹i c¸c loµi thuéc gièng Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 1(4) L−îc mang cung mang 1 d−íi 20. 2(3) V¶y ®−êng bªn 42-43 c¸i. L−îc mang cung mang I: 15 c¸i ...………..…….... 1. T.hotayensis 3(2) V¶y ®−êng bªn 51 c¸i. L−îc mang cung mang I: 12-15 c¸i…………..……… 2. T. hoffmani 4(1) L−îc mang cung mang I trªn 20 c¸i 5(8) L−îc mang cung mang I 35 c¸i trë xuèng 6(7) §−êng bªn 60-62 v¶y ……………………………………...………………… 3. T. swinhonis 7(6) §−êng bªn 42-43 v¶y ……………………………………...………………. .4. T. nhatleensis 8(5) L−îc mang cung mang I trªn 35 c¸i 9(10) V¶y ®−êng bªn 52-56 v¶y; l−îc mang cung mang I: 36-39 …………………... 5. T.houdmeri 10(9) V¶y ®−êng bªn 47-50 c¸i; l−îc mang cung mang I: 45-50 c¸i ………….……... 6. T. maensis II. M« t¶ hai loµi míi thuéc gièng Tªn ®Þa ph−¬ng : c¸ dÇu Toxabramis Gunther, 1873 M« t¶ : Lo = 68-82 mm; D = II, 7; A = 3, 16- 1. Toxabramis maensis D. H. Nguyen & N. 17; P = 1, 11-12; V = 1, 7-8; P = 4,5-7,8 g. Q. Duong sp.nov. - C¸ dÇu hå s«ng M· L−îc mang cung mang I: 45-50. R¨ng hÇu 2 (h×nh 1) hµng: 4,2-2,4. R¨ng gai cña v©y l−ng: 18-20 ®«i. VÈy däc c¸n ®u«i: 8. VÈy quanh c¸n ®u«i: 18. - Holotyp: c¸ thÓ c¸i; L o = 72 mm thu t¹i Quan Hãa, Thanh Hãa ngµy 18-10-2003, trªn = 8 l−u vùc s«ng M·. Ll 47 50 . 11 −V - Paratyp: 6 mÉu vËt: 3 mÉu vËt thu t¹i Quan 2 Hãa cïng víi holotyp; 3 mÉu vËt thu t¹i ThiÖu Lo = 3,64-4,12; H = 4,25-4,43; T = 7,8-8,5; Hãa, Thanh Hãa ngµy 15-06-2004, ®Òu trªn l−u lcd = 8,2-8,5 ccd. vùc s«ng M·. T = 3,75-4,0; Ot = 3,64-4,0; O = 3,64-4,0 OO; - C¸c mÉu vËt ®−îc l−u gi÷ t¹i Khoa Sinh- T = 2,0-2,15 Op; lcd = 1-1,05 ccd; OO = 1,0 O. Kü thuËt n«ng nghiÖp, Tr−êng ®¹i häc S− ph¹m Hµ Néi. Lcmax = 3-3,35 Lcmin; hD = 1,86-2,13 lD. 17 Kho¶ng c¸ch tr−íc khëi ®iÓm cña v©y l−ng kh«ng nhän l¾m. MiÖng nhá, r¹ch xiªn lªn trªn. = 1,09-1,13 kho¶ng c¸ch sau khëi ®iÓm cña v©y Khi ngËm miÖng, x−¬ng hµm d−íi dµi h¬n l−ng. x−¬ng hµm trªn. M«i máng. Kh«ng cã r©u. M¾t Th©n c¸ dµi, dÑp bªn, m×nh máng, l−ng lín; ®−êng kÝnh cña m¾t t−¬ng ®−¬ng chiÒu dµi th¼ng. L−ên bông hoµn toµn tõ ngùc tíi hËu cña mâm vµ b»ng víi kho¶ng c¸ch gi÷a hai æ m«n. ViÒn bông cong, thÊp. §Çu bÐ. Mâm m¾t. L−îc mang dµi, nhá, xÕp xÝt nhau. H×nh 1. C¸ dÇu hå s«ng M· Toxabramis maensis sp.nov. B¶ng 1 So s¸nh mét sè ®Æc ®iÓm cña c¸c loµi trong gièng Toxabramis Gunther , 1873 T. T. T. T. T. T. swinhonis houdmeri hotayensis hoffmani maensis nhatleensis 1 1 9−10 8 7 8 7 2 47 50 2 Ll 60 62 52-56 42 43 51 1 − 39 41 − − 1 1 −V 1 V 1 1 −V 2 1 2 V 2 2 2 L−îc mang cung 27-28 36-39 15 12-15 45-50 27-35 mang I R¨ng gai cña v©y 16-18 18-20 11-13 l−ng Säc ®en däc th©n Kh«ng cã Kh«ng cã Cã ? Cã Cã Khëi ®iÓm cña v©y l−ng sau khëi ®iÓm cña trªn x−¬ng n¾p mang ®i xiªn xuèng phÝa d−íi v©y bông vµ gÇn gèc v©y ®u«i h¬n tíi mâm. Tia kho¶ng 10-11 vÈy hay kho¶ng gi÷a v©y ngùc vµ ®¬n cuèi cña v©y l−ng lµ gai cøng hãa x−¬ng, xÎ v©y bông th× ®i ngang theo mÐp bông vµ qua r·nh vµ phÝa sau cã 18-20 ®«i r¨ng c−a; cµng ë mót cuèi cña tia v©y hËu m«n råi ®i lªn vµo gi÷a gÇn gèc gai v©y l−ng th× r¨ng c−a cµng ng¾n. cuèng ®u«i. Khëi ®iÓm cña v©y bông ë gi÷a hoÆc gÇn mót C¸ cã mµu x¸m b¹c. ViÒn l−ng tõ mâm tíi mâm h¬n tíi gèc v©y ®u«i. V©y ngùc dµi gÇn tíi ®u«i cã nhiÒu chÊm ®en nhá, n»m r¶i r¸c vµ gèc v©y bông. V©y bông ch−a tíi hËu m«n. V©y ®−îc giíi h¹n bëi mét d¶i xanh ®en ch¹y däc hËu m«n ch−a tíi v©y ®u«i. V©y ®u«i ph©n thïy gi÷a th©n. D¶i xanh ®en chiÕm kho¶ng 2-3 hµng s©u; thïy d−íi dµi h¬n thïy trªn. HËu m«n ngay vÈy, ®Ëm dÇn tõ sau n¾p mang ®Õn hÕt gèc v©y tr−íc v©y hËu m«n. §èt sèng toµn th©n: 39-40. ®u«i. ViÒn mÐp cña v©y ®u«i cã mµu x¸m ®en, Bãng h¬i hai ng¨n, ng¨n sau dµi gÊp 1,29-1,35 do c¸c chÊm ®en t¹o nªn. lÇn ng¨n tr−íc. VÈy trßn, rÊt máng, dÔ rông. §−êng bªn NhËn xÐt : loµi c¸ dÇu hå s«ng M· hoµn toµn. Khëi ®iÓm cña ®−êng bªn ®i tõ phÝa Toxabramis maensis sp.nov. gÇn víi c¸c loµi T. 18 hotayensis Hao, 2001, T. houdmeri Pellegrin, Tªn ®Þa ph−¬ng : c¸ dÇu. 1932 vµ T. nhatleensis sp.nov . nh−ng cã nh÷ng M« t¶ : Lo = 56-72 mm; D = II,7; A = 3,14- sai kh¸c so víi c¸c loµi trªn (b¶ng 1): sè l−îng 16; P = 1,12; V= 1,8; P = 3,8-4,6 g. l−îc mang cung mang I nhiÒu h¬n so víi tÊt c¶ c¸c loµi trong gièng; sè v¶y cña ®−êng bªn L−îc mang cung mang I: 27-35; r¨ng hÇu 2 nhiÒu h¬n so víi c¸c loµi T. hotayensis vµ T. hµng: 2,4-4,2; r¨ng gai cña v©y l−ng: 11-13 ®«i. nhatleensis ; sè l−îng r¨ng gai cña v©y l−ng VÈy däc c¸n ®u«i: 10-13. VÈy quanh c¸n ®u«i: 18. nhiÒu h¬n so víi loµi T. nhatleensis. 7 1 Ll = 39 2 41. 2. Toxabramis nhatleensis H. D. Nguyen, D. 1 1 −V H. Tran & T. T Ta sp.nov. - C¸ dÇu hå 2 s«ng NhËt LÖ (h×nh 2) Lo = 3,37-4,2; H = 3,8-4,2; T = 5,6-6,6 lcd = 8,7-9,8 ccd. - Holotyp: c¸ thÓ c¸i; L o = 58 mm thu t¹i LÖ Thñy, Qu¶ng B×nh ngµy 30-04-2004. T = 3,5-5,25Ot = 3,5-4,25O = 3,5-4,25O; T = 1,75-2,14Op; lcd = 1,375-1,67 ccd; OO = 1,0 O. - Paratyp: 7 mÉu vËt, cïng thu t¹i LÖ Thñy víi holotyp, ®Òu trªn l−u vùc s«ng NhËt LÖ. Lcmax = 2,5-2,8 Lcmin; hD = 1,5-1,67 lD. - C¸c mÉu vËt ®−îc l−u gi÷ t¹i Khoa Sinh- Kho¶ng c¸ch tr−íc khëi ®iÓm cña v©y l−ng Kü thuËt n«ng nghiÖp, Tr−êng ®¹i häc S− ph¹m = 1,07-1,185 kho¶ng c¸ch sau khëi ®iÓm cña Hµ Néi. v©y l−ng. H×nh 2. C¸ dÇu hå s«ng NhËt LÖ Toxabramis nhatleensis sp.nov. Th©n c¸ dµi, dÑp máng, l−ng t−¬ng ®èi th¼ng. m«n. §èt sèng toµn th©n: 42. Bãng h¬i hai ng¨n, L−ên bông hoµn toµn tõ sau eo mang ®Õn hËu ng¨n sau dµi gÊp 1,17-1,27 lÇn ng¨n tr−íc.
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