Kinetic Modeling in Positron Emission Tomography
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Natural History, MRI Morphology, and Dopamine Receptor Imaging with 123IBZM-SPECT
J7ournal ofNeurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1994;57:1047-1056 1047 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.57.9.1047 on 1 September 1994. Downloaded from Multiple system atrophy: natural history, MRI morphology, and dopamine receptor imaging with 123IBZM-SPECT J B Schulz, T Klockgether, D Petersen, M Jauch, W Muiller-Schauenburg, S Spieker, K Voigt, J Dichgans Abstract of the intermediolateral cell columns of the Sixteen patients with a clinical diagnosis spinal cord. All of these changes are not neces- of probable multiple system atrophy sarily found in each patient with MSA. In (MSA) were examined clinically by MRI some patients, degeneration affects mainly the and by 523I-iodobenzamide single photon basal ganglia, whereas in others the ponto- emission computed tomography (IBZM- cerebellar system or the spinal cord are more SPECT). The clinical records of another affected. Therefore, evidence of cell degenera- 16 patients were also analysed retrospec- tion and gliosis in at least three of the following tively. On the basis of their clinical pre- anatomical structures is thought to be suffi- sentation, patients were subdivided into cient for the neuropathological diagnosis of those with prominent parkinsonism MSA: striatum, substantia nigra, Purkinje (MSA-P, n = 11) and those with promi- cell layer of the cerebellar cortex, pontine nent cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C, n = 21). nuclei, inferior olives, and intermediolateral Autonomic symptoms were present in all cell columns of the spinal cord.'4 Striatum or patients and preceded the onset of motor substantia nigra must be one of these areas.5 symptoms in 63% of patients. -
Brain Imaging
Publications · Brochures Brain Imaging A Technologist’s Guide Produced with the kind Support of Editors Fragoso Costa, Pedro (Oldenburg) Santos, Andrea (Lisbon) Vidovič, Borut (Munich) Contributors Arbizu Lostao, Javier Pagani, Marco Barthel, Henryk Payoux, Pierre Boehm, Torsten Pepe, Giovanna Calapaquí-Terán, Adriana Peștean, Claudiu Delgado-Bolton, Roberto Sabri, Osama Garibotto, Valentina Sočan, Aljaž Grmek, Marko Sousa, Eva Hackett, Elizabeth Testanera, Giorgio Hoffmann, Karl Titus Tiepolt, Solveig Law, Ian van de Giessen, Elsmarieke Lucena, Filipa Vaz, Tânia Morbelli, Silvia Werner, Peter Contents Foreword 4 Introduction 5 Andrea Santos, Pedro Fragoso Costa Chapter 1 Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology 6 Elsmarieke van de Giessen, Silvia Morbelli and Pierre Payoux Chapter 2 Tracers for Brain Imaging 12 Aljaz Socan Chapter 3 SPECT and SPECT/CT in Oncological Brain Imaging (*) 26 Elizabeth C. Hackett Chapter 4 Imaging in Oncological Brain Diseases: PET/CT 33 EANM Giorgio Testanera and Giovanna Pepe Chapter 5 Imaging in Neurological and Vascular Brain Diseases (SPECT and SPECT/CT) 54 Filipa Lucena, Eva Sousa and Tânia F. Vaz Chapter 6 Imaging in Neurological and Vascular Brain Diseases (PET/CT) 72 Ian Law, Valentina Garibotto and Marco Pagani Chapter 7 PET/CT in Radiotherapy Planning of Brain Tumours 92 Roberto Delgado-Bolton, Adriana K. Calapaquí-Terán and Javier Arbizu Chapter 8 PET/MRI for Brain Imaging 100 Peter Werner, Torsten Boehm, Solveig Tiepolt, Henryk Barthel, Karl T. Hoffmann and Osama Sabri Chapter 9 Brain Death 110 Marko Grmek Chapter 10 Health Care in Patients with Neurological Disorders 116 Claudiu Peștean Imprint 126 n accordance with the Austrian Eco-Label for printed matters. -
Radiotracers for SPECT Imaging: Current Scenario and Future Prospects
Radiochim. Acta 100, 95–107 (2012) / DOI 10.1524/ract.2011.1891 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Radiotracers for SPECT imaging: current scenario and future prospects By S. Adak1,∗, R. Bhalla2, K. K. Vijaya Raj1, S. Mandal1, R. Pickett2 andS.K.Luthra2 1 GE Healthcare Medical Diagnostics, John F Welch Technology Center, Bangalore, India 560066 2 GE Healthcare Medical Diagnostics, The Grove Centre, White Lion Road, Amersham, HP7 9LL, UK (Received October 4, 2010; accepted in final form July 18, 2011) Nuclear medicine / 99m-Technetium / 123-Iodine / ton emission computed tomography (SPECT or less com- Oncological imaging / Neurological imaging / monly known as SPET) and positron emission tomogra- Cardiovascular imaging phy (PET). Both techniques use radiolabeled molecules to probe molecular processes that can be visualized, quanti- fied and tracked over time, thus allowing the discrimination Summary. Single photon emission computed tomography of healthy from diseased tissue with a high degree of con- (SPECT) has been the cornerstone of nuclear medicine and today fidence. The imaging agents use target-specific biological it is widely used to detect molecular changes in cardiovascular, processes associated with the disease being assessed both at neurological and oncological diseases. While SPECT has been the cellular and subcellular levels within living organisms. available since the 1980s, advances in instrumentation hardware, The impact of molecular imaging has been on greater under- software and the availability of new radiotracers that are creating a revival in SPECT imaging are reviewed in this paper. standing of integrative biology, earlier detection and charac- The biggest change in the last decade has been the fusion terization of disease, and evaluation of treatment in human of CT with SPECT, which has improved attenuation correction subjects [1–3]. -
123I-Iodobenzamide SPECT Is Not an Independent Predictor of Dopaminergic Responsiveness in Patients with Suspected Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes
123I-Iodobenzamide SPECT Is Not an Independent Predictor of Dopaminergic Responsiveness in Patients with Suspected Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes Sabine Hellwig1,2, Annabelle Kreft3, Florian Amtage1, Oliver Tüscher1,4, Oliver H. Winz5, Bernhard Hellwig1, Cornelius Weiller1, Wolfgang A. Weber3, Werner Vach6, and Philipp T. Meyer3 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 2Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; 4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany; 5Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany; and 6Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany The prediction of dopaminergic responsiveness in patients with par- According to current consensus criteria, poor responsiveness kinsonism is desirable for effective treatment strategies. We in- to levodopa is suggestive of atypical parkinsonian syndrome (APS) vestigated whether striatal dopamine D2/D3 receptor (D2R) binding (1). However, up to 30% of patients diagnosed with multiple-system 123 assessed by I-iodobenzamide SPECT is an independent predic- atrophy or progressive supranuclear palsy benefit from dopami- tor of dopaminergic responsiveness in patients with parkinsonism. nergic medication, particularly at early stages of the disease (2,3). Methods: Seventy-eight patients -
Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease
Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease Sarika Singh Neeraj Joshi Editors 123 Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease Sarika Singh • Neeraj Joshi Editors Pathology, Prevention and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Disease Editors Sarika Singh Neeraj Joshi Toxicology and Experimental Department of Surgery Medicine Division Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Institute, Cedar Sinai Medical Center Lucknow Los Angeles, CA India USA ISBN 978-981-13-0943-4 ISBN 978-981-13-0944-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0944-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018952338 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. -
Dopamine D2 Receptor Imaging with Iodine-123-Iodobenzamide SPECT in Idiopathic Rotational Torticollis
Dopamine D2 Receptor Imaging with Iodine-123-Iodobenzamide SPECT in Idiopathic Rotational Torticollis Johannes Hierholzer, Michael Cordes, Ludwig Schelosky, Wolf Richter, Uwe Keske, Stephan Venz, Wolfhard Senunler, Werner Poewe and Roland Felix Strahlenkiinik unci Neumlogirche KlinilçUnive,@ritatskJiniIasmRudolf Virchow, Freie Universi:ät,Berlin and Institut für Diagnostikforschung; Berlin@Germany may show rotational torticollis, laterocollis, retrocollis or The cause of idiopathic rotational torticoibs (tAT) is not corn combinations thereof (Table 1). According to the ad hoc pI@ understoodto date. However,basalgangbaare believed committee of the Dystonia Medical Research Fondation, to be involved in the pathophysiologyof IRT. To elucidatethis dystonia is classified by the age of onset, cause and body disorderfurther, the value ofiodobenzamide (IBZM) SPECT was distribution of the abnormal movement (Table 1). The cx studied for the evaluation of striatal dopamine D2 receptors in clusion of symptomatic dystoniajustifles the nominationof these patients.M@hods: StriataldopamineD2 receptordensity idiopathic focal dystonia (IFD) and, in case of head rota was assessed in 10 patientswith IRT using 1@I-IBZMSPECT. Theimageswereinterpretedbya nudearmedicinephysician tion, idiopathicrotationaltorticollis (IRT). initiallyto determineIBZMbindingwithinthe sthatumandthe The precise pathophysiology underlying idiopathic cerebellumand,secondly,intersthatalIBZMbinding.Theresuits adult-onset dystonia remains unclear. CF and MRI are werecorrelatedwiththedir@calparametersof -
Catalogue ABX Advancend Biochemical Compounds
ABX advanced biochemical compounds Chemicals for Molecular Imaging 2017 ABX advanced biochemical compounds Manufacturing and development of chemicals for molecular imaging • Worldwide leading supplier of PET precursors and FDG reagents kits • Production and development of PET and SPECT precursors and reference standards • Manufacturing of reagents kits and cassettes, particularly kits for FDG, F-DOPA, FLT, F-Choline, NaF, F- MISO, FES and FET production • US (FDA) and European Drug Master File (DMF) for Mannose Triflate (FDG precursor) • European Drug Master File (DMF) for FDG reagents kits using the GE TRACERlab MX, Neptis and Siemens Explora One synthesis modules • Further DMFs and technical documents for PET and SPECT precursors • Custom synthesis and manufacturing according to GMP for APIs • Design, custom synthesis and production of peptides (GMP quality on request) • Leading manufacturer of reagents kits and cassettes for 68Ga -Labelling • Performance of stability studies • Hot Lab for R&D of new pharmaceutical kits and cassettes and co-operation with pharmaceutical companies • Development of radiotracers as well as labelling and purification strategies • Distributor of 18O-Water FDG grade and GMP grade • ROVER - ABX PET evaluation software • 17 years experience • 190 professionals (among them 20 with PhD) • New manufacturing, filling and assembling sites • Clean room facilities for the production and filling under pharmaceutical conditions • Audited and accepted as GMP API manufacturer by: - German pharmaceutical authorities - -
Development of Radiotracers for Neuroimaging
Development of Radiotracers for Neuroimaging Niral Patel Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London Declaration I, Niral Patel, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been referenced accordingly. This thesis is based on research conducted between September 2011 to May 2014 at the Chemistry Department and Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging (CABI), University College London, U.K. Niral Patel 2 Abstract Nuclear imaging enables quantitative measurements of biological processes in vivo and has revolutionised biomedical research, drug development and clinical practice. Despite the advances made in this field, the ability to image fundamental aspects of neurological diseases remains a challenge. This is partly due to the limited availability of radiotracers for imaging excitatory neurotransmission and detection of inflammation as well as an array of other biochemical processes central to the operational function of the brain. The aim of this research was to expand the arsenal of radiotracers available for neuroimaging in order to study key pathological processes involved in neurological diseases. With the aim to target neuronal Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule – 1 (VCAM-1) and N-methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs), radiotracers have been synthesised and evaluated. Abnormal expression of these receptors has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and neurodegeneration. The radiotracers were characterised and evaluated via in vivo imaging (MRI and SPECT/CT) and ex-vivo studies (phosphorimaging, biodistribution and metabolite analysis) in order to determine if they hold significant potential as tools to study neuronal pathways as well as for diagnostic imaging and treatment monitoring. -
What Is RLS Dr.Ondo 5.17.2017 Slides
Restless Legs Syndrome WILLIAM ONDO MD DIRECTOR - HOUSTON METHODIST MOVEMENT DISORDER CENTER DIRECTOR - RLS QUALITY CARE CENTER, HOUSTON Disclaimer • Grant Support: Lundbeck, Luitpold, PSG, HSG, TRG, RLSF • Speaking/Consulting fees: TEVA, UCB Pharma, Xenoport, ACADIA Clinical Definition • Urge to move the legs with or without paresthesias • Symptoms worse during inactivity • Symptoms improve with activity • Worsening of symptoms in evening and night Supportive Criteria • Sleep disturbances • Normal neurologic examination • Chronic progressive course • Periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) • Family history • Dopamine response Clinical Description (Paresthesias) • Need to move • Tension • Crawling • Discomfort • Tingling • Itching • Cramping • Heebie Jeebies • Creeping • Wriggling maggots • Pulling • Fidgets • Painful • Elvis legs • Electric Ondo W. 1996 Clinical Descriptions • Usually between knees and feet • Deep sensation (90%) • Bilateral, unilateral or alternating • Arms may be involved (22%-57%) • Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep (PLMS) PLMS Differential Diagnosis • Akathisia • Painful legs and moving toes • Nocturnal leg cramps • Growing pains • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder • Vesper’s curse • Orthostatic hypotension • Orthostatic tremor • PLMS without RLS • Psychogenic RLS in Children • No definitive epidemiology (1-2%) • Many children do not meet criteria for adult RLS May present with: •“growing pains” •Associated with low ferritin and PLMS •Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Picchietti D, 2013 RLS and ADHD ADHD -
The Dopamine Theory of Addiction: 40 Years of Highs and Lows
PERSPECTIVES explore the current evidence for this theory OPINION and suggest that initial optimism must now be cautioned with a more objective view of The dopamine theory of addiction: the role of dopamine in addiction. 40 years of highs and lows Dopamine and the drug high Studying in vivo dopamine function in humans became possible in the mid‑1990s David J. Nutt, Anne Lingford-Hughes, David Erritzoe and Paul R. A. Stokes with the development of radiotracer imag- 11 Abstract | For several decades, addiction has come to be viewed as a disorder of ing techniques, such as C-raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) and the dopamine neurotransmitter system; however, this view has not led to new 123I-iodobenzamide (IBZM) single-photon treatments. In this Opinion article, we review the origins of the dopamine theory emission computed tomography (SPECT). of addiction and discuss the ability of addictive drugs to elicit the release of These tracers can be used to measure the dopamine in the human striatum. There is robust evidence that stimulants increase availability of striatal dopamine D2/3 recep- striatal dopamine levels and some evidence that alcohol may have such an effect, tors and changes in striatal dopamine levels in the synapse8 (BOX 1). but little evidence, if any, that cannabis and opiates increase dopamine levels. The crucial breakthrough in imaging Moreover, there is good evidence that striatal dopamine receptor availability and the human dopamine system in addiction dopamine release are diminished in individuals with stimulant or alcohol came in 1994, when it was demonstrated dependence but not in individuals with opiate, nicotine or cannabis dependence. -
Known Drugs Identified by Structure-Based Virtual Screening
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Known Drugs Identified by Structure-Based Virtual Screening Are Able to Bind Sigma-1 Receptor and Increase Growth of Huntington Disease Patient-Derived Cells Theo Battista 1,2,† , Gianmarco Pascarella 1,2,†, David Sasah Staid 1,2,† , Gianni Colotti 1 , Jessica Rosati 3 , Annarita Fiorillo 2 , Alessia Casamassa 3,4, Angelo Luigi Vescovi 3, Barbara Giabbai 5, Marta Stefania Semrau 5,6 , Sergio Fanelli 7 , Paola Storici 5 , Ferdinando Squitieri 7 , Veronica Morea 1,* and Andrea Ilari 1,* 1 Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy; [email protected] (T.B.); [email protected] (G.P.); [email protected] (D.S.S.); [email protected] (G.C.) 2 Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; annarita.fi[email protected] 3 Cellular Reprogramming Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; [email protected] (J.R.); [email protected] (A.C.); [email protected] (A.L.V.) 4 Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy 5 Protein Facility, Structural Biology Lab, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Italy; [email protected] (B.G.); [email protected] (M.S.S.); [email protected] (P.S.) 6 Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy 7 Huntington and Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Citation: Battista, T.; Pascarella, G.; 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; [email protected] (S.F.); [email protected] (F.S.) Staid, D.S.; Colotti, G.; Rosati, J.; * Correspondence: [email protected] (V.M.); [email protected] (A.I.); Fiorillo, A.; Casamassa, A.; Vescovi, Tel.: +39-06-49910556 (V.M.); +39-06-4991-0910 (A.I.) A.L.; Giabbai, B.; Semrau, M.S.; et al. -
Iodine- 123-Iodobenzamide Binding in Parkinsonism: Reduction by Dopamine Agonists but Not L-Dopa
abnormalities, or both, may be considered candidates for either fantile spasms. I. PET identifies focal cortical dysgenesis in cryptogenic cases for surgical treatment. Ann Neurol 1990;27:406—413. hemispherectomy or callosotomy. Both interventions have 6. Harvey AS, Bowe JM, Hopkins IJ, Shield LK, Cook DJ, Berkovic SF. Ictal proved to be successful strategies (21). Ictal rCBF SPECT, in @“Tc-HMPAOsingle-photon emission computed tomography in children with tem particular, showed focal to lobal hyperperfusion in all our poral lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 1993;34:869—877. 7. Adams C, Hwang PA, Gilday DL, et al. Comparison of SPECT, EEG, CT, MRI and patients. On the basis of the small number of patients, this pathology in partial epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol 1992;8:97—I03. finding cannot be considered a recommendation for lobectomy 8. KuhI DE, Engel J, Phelps ME, 5dm C. Epileptic patterns oflocal cerebral metabolism as an alternative approach; however, larger study populations and perfusion in humans determined with emission computed tomography of ‘‘FDG and ‘3NH3.Ann Neurol I980;8:348—360. might show the ability of ictal SPECT to identify some patients 9. Gloor P. Contributions of electroencephalography and electrocorticography in the who might also benefit from more restrictive surgery. neurosurgical treatment ofepilepsies. New York: Raven Press; 1987:553—571. 10. GrOnwald F, Menzel C, Pavics L, et al. Ictal and intenctal brain SPECT imaging in epilepsy using technetium-99m-ECD. J Nuci Med I994;35: 1896—1901. CONCLUSION I 1. Menzel C, GrOnwald F, Pavics L, et al. Brain single-photon emission tomography Technetium-99m-ECD is a valuable tool for the investigation using technetium-99m-bicisate (ECD) in a case ofcomplex partial seizure.