Horner-Mclaughlin Woods Compiled by Bev Walters, 2011-2012
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Comandra Blister Rust Mary W
ARIZONA COOPERATIVE E TENSION AZ1310 May, 2009 Comandra Blister Rust Mary W. Olsen Comandra blister rust is a native disease in Arizona on ponderosa pine. It also occurs on Mondell pine, a pine species introduced for landscapes and Christmas tree production in Arizona. Comandra blister rust can cause death of ponderosa saplings, but it is not an important disease of mature ponderosa trees. However, infections kill Mondell pine, and they should not be planted within a mile of Comandra. The alternate host for the rust is Comandra pallida, for which the disease is named. Comandra pallida, commonly called bastard toadflax, is a small herbaceous perennial plant found in close association with oak. It has small light pink flowers in terminal clusters and nutlike fruit. It is found throughout Arizona at elevations of 4,000- 8,000 ft. Pathogen: Comandra blister rust, Cronartium comandrae Hosts: Pinus eldarica (Mondell pine, Afghan pine), Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine) and Comandra pallida, bastard toadflax Symptoms/signs: Comandra blister rust on Mondell pine. On Mondell pine, Comandra blister rust causes branch dieback and death of trees of all ages. Swollen areas produced on the alternate host, Comandra. These are develop in branches and trunks, and the bark and delicate spores that can travel in air currents only about underlying sapwood die. On pine, orange “blisters” one mile. During the first year, the fungus becomes develop on trunks and branches as the bark splits and established in pine bark, and swollen areas with fruiting ruptures. Infections on Comandra, the alternate host, structures (spermagonia) develop in branches and appear as orange or rusty colored pustules on leaves trunks. -
State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species. -
Fdn22 Northern Dry-Bedrock Pine (Oak) Woodland *Spinulose Shield Fern Or Glandular Wood Fern ( Dryopteris Carthusiana Or D
FIRE-DEPENDENT FOREST/WOODLAND SYSTEM FDn22 Northern Floristic Region Northern Dry-Bedrock Pine (Oak) Woodland Dry pine or oak woodlands on shallow, excessively drained, loamy soils on bedrock ridges and hillsides or on rock ledges and terraces adjacent to rivers. Crown and surface fires were common historically. Vegetation Structure & Composition Description is based on summary of vegetation data from 47 plots (relevés). Ground-layer cover of forbs and grami- noids typically ranges from 25-75%. The most common vascular plants are Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense), wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), large-leaved aster (Aster macrophyllus), poverty grass (Danthonia spicata), wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens), and bracken (Pteridium aqui- linum). Lichen- and moss-covered bedrock and boulders typically make up at least 25% of the ground layer. Shrub layer is typically dominated by deciduous species, usually with patchy to interrupted cover (25-75%). Lowbush blue- berry (Vaccinium angustifolium), juneberries (Amelanchier spp.), red maple saplings, and bush honeysuckle (Diervilla lonicera) are the most common species in the shrub layer. Subcanopy is usually absent, but when present, red maple and paper birch are frequent components. Canopy is composed of conifers, hardwoods, or conifers mixed with hardwoods, and is usually patchy (25-50% cover), with openings in areas of exposed bedrock or boulders. Red pine and white pine are dominant on many sites. On other sites, jack pine or northern pin oak are dominant. In mixed forests, conifers often form a supercanopy above hardwood species. Paper birch is often present in the hardwood canopy. Landscape Setting & Soils Glacially scoured bedrock—Common. Landscape is hummocky to rugged. Parent material is non-calcareous drift, usually less than 20in (50cm) deep over bedrock. -
Maine Coefficient of Conservatism
Coefficient of Coefficient of Scientific Name Common Name Nativity Conservatism Wetness Abies balsamea balsam fir native 3 0 Abies concolor white fir non‐native 0 Abutilon theophrasti velvetleaf non‐native 0 3 Acalypha rhomboidea common threeseed mercury native 2 3 Acer ginnala Amur maple non‐native 0 Acer negundo boxelder non‐native 0 0 Acer pensylvanicum striped maple native 5 3 Acer platanoides Norway maple non‐native 0 5 Acer pseudoplatanus sycamore maple non‐native 0 Acer rubrum red maple native 2 0 Acer saccharinum silver maple native 6 ‐3 Acer saccharum sugar maple native 5 3 Acer spicatum mountain maple native 6 3 Acer x freemanii red maple x silver maple native 2 0 Achillea millefolium common yarrow non‐native 0 3 Achillea millefolium var. borealis common yarrow non‐native 0 3 Achillea millefolium var. millefolium common yarrow non‐native 0 3 Achillea millefolium var. occidentalis common yarrow non‐native 0 3 Achillea ptarmica sneezeweed non‐native 0 3 Acinos arvensis basil thyme non‐native 0 Aconitum napellus Venus' chariot non‐native 0 Acorus americanus sweetflag native 6 ‐5 Acorus calamus calamus native 6 ‐5 Actaea pachypoda white baneberry native 7 5 Actaea racemosa black baneberry non‐native 0 Actaea rubra red baneberry native 7 3 Actinidia arguta tara vine non‐native 0 Adiantum aleuticum Aleutian maidenhair native 9 3 Adiantum pedatum northern maidenhair native 8 3 Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine native 7 Aegopodium podagraria bishop's goutweed non‐native 0 0 Coefficient of Coefficient of Scientific Name Common Name Nativity -
Petiole Usually Stipules at the Base
Umbelliferae P. Buwalda Groningen) Annual or perennial herbs, never woody shrubs (in Malaysia). Stems often fur- rowed and with soft pith. Leaves alternate along the stems, often also in rosettes; petiole usually with a sheath, sometimes with stipules at the base; lamina usually much divided, sometimes entire. Flowers polygamous, in simple or compound um- bels, sometimes in heads, terminal or leaf-opposed, beneath with or without in- volucres and involucels. Calyx teeth 5, often obsolete. Petals 5, alternate with the calyx teeth, equal or outer ones of the inflorescence enlarged, entire or more or less divided, often with inflexed tips, inserted below the epigynous disk. Stamens alter- nate with the petals, similarly inserted. Disk 2-lobed, free from the styles or con- fluent with their thickened base, forming a stylopodium. Ovary inferior; styles 2. Fruits with 2 one-seeded mericarps, connected by a narrow or broad junction (commissure) in fruit separating, leaving sometimes a persistent axis (carpophore) either entire or splitting into 2 halves; mericarps with 5 longitudinal ribs, 1 dorsal rib at the back of the mericarp, 2 lateral ribs at the commissure; 2 intermediate ribs between the dorsal and the lateral ones; sometimes with secondary ribs be- without fascicular often vittae in tween the primary ones, these bundles; the ridges between the ribs or under the secondary ribs, and in the commissure, seldom under the primary ribs. Numerous Distr. genera and species, all over the world. The representatives native in Malaysia belong geographically to five types. (1) Ubiquitous genera (Hydrocotyle, Centella, Oenanthe); one species, & Hydrocotyle vulgaris, shows a remarkable disjunction, occurring in Europe N. -
Studies on the Antioxidant Effects and the Lipemia Reducing Effects of Cryptotaenia Japonica Hassk
Studies on the Antioxidant Effects and the Lipemia Reducing Effects of Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk 鄭明清、顏裕鴻, 游銅錫, 林麗 E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Mountain celery is common vegetables in meal for people in Taiwan. However, there is not many related papers or reports publicated related the study of the mountain celery in Taiwan, Chemical composition of essential oil, functional components of the different extract and antioxidant capability of mountain celery were studied in present study. The purpose of this study is to extract and analyze the essential oils composition of seeds, stems and leaves of mountain celery, and to fractionate the oils into different organic solvent (pentane, ether, acetone, methyl alcohol) by silica gel column chromatography seperation. Which were futher analyzed by GC-MS to determine its chemical composition and the fractionated’s antioxidant capability were also evaluated. In addition to that, blood lipemid reducing effect of mountain celery seeds(including : seeds powder, water extract, methanolic extract, essential oils and fractions of (pentane and ether). Were studied using male hamsters. The analysis of the functional components of mountain celery seeds and its water, methanolic extract. The obtained of essential oils from the seeds, stems and leaves of mountain celery was performed by steam distillion, and to found the seeds have the highest yield of essential oil of 0.4%(w/w), the second highest yield of essential oil are leaves of 0.03%, and the lowest yield of essential oil was determined to stems of 0.01%. The major of volatile components of mountain celery seeds, stems and leaves are the sesqueterpenes which contained 60.84%, 47.13%, 75.87%, where two major compounds are E-β-farnesene、germacrene D were found. -
Invisible Connections: Introduction to Parasitic Plants Dr
Invisible Connections: Introduction to Parasitic Plants Dr. Vanessa Beauchamp Towson University What is a parasite? • An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense. Symbiosis https://www.superpharmacy.com.au/blog/parasites-protozoa-worms-ectoparasites Food acquisition in plants: Autotrophy Heterotrophs (“different feeding”) • True parasites: obtain carbon compounds from host plants through haustoria. • Myco-heterotrophs: obtain carbon compounds from host plants via Image Credit: Flickr User wackybadger, via CC mycorrhizal fungal connection. • Carnivorous plants (not parasitic): obtain nutrients (phosphorus, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pin nitrogen) from trapped insects. k_indian_pipes.jpg http://www.welivealot.com/venus-flytrap- facts-for-kids/ Parasite vs. Epiphyte https://chatham.ces.ncsu.edu/2014/12/does-mistletoe-harm-trees-2/ By © Hans Hillewaert /, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6289695 True Parasitic Plants • Gains all or part of its nutrition from another plant (the host). • Does not contribute to the benefit of the host and, in some cases, causing extreme damage to the host. • Specialized peg-like root (haustorium) to penetrate host plants. https://www.britannica.com/plant/parasitic-plant https://chatham.ces.ncsu.edu/2014/12/does-mistletoe-harm-trees-2/ Diversity of parasitic plants Eudicots • Parasitism has evolved independently at least 12 times within the plant kingdom. • Approximately 4,500 parasitic species in Monocots 28 families. • Found in eudicots and basal angiosperms • 1% of the dicot angiosperm species • No monocot angiosperm species Basal angiosperms Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 2016.67:643-667 True Parasitic Plants https://www.alamy.com/parasitic-dodder-plant-cuscuta-showing-penetration-parasitic-haustor The defining structural feature of a parasitic plant is the haustorium. -
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Peggy Lyon and Julia Hanson Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 December 2005 Cover: Imperiled (G1 and G2) plants of the San Juan Public Lands, top left to bottom right: Lesquerella pruinosa, Draba graminea, Cryptantha gypsophila, Machaeranthera coloradoensis, Astragalus naturitensis, Physaria pulvinata, Ipomopsis polyantha, Townsendia glabella, Townsendia rothrockii. Executive Summary This survey was a continuation of several years of rare plant survey on San Juan Public Lands. Funding for the project was provided by San Juan National Forest and the San Juan Resource Area of the Bureau of Land Management. Previous rare plant surveys on San Juan Public Lands by CNHP were conducted in conjunction with county wide surveys of La Plata, Archuleta, San Juan and San Miguel counties, with partial funding from Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO); and in 2004, public lands only in Dolores and Montezuma counties, funded entirely by the San Juan Public Lands. Funding for 2005 was again provided by San Juan Public Lands. The primary emphases for field work in 2005 were: 1. revisit and update information on rare plant occurrences of agency sensitive species in the Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP) database that were last observed prior to 2000, in order to have the most current information available for informing the revision of the Resource Management Plan for the San Juan Public Lands (BLM and San Juan National Forest); 2. -
Plants of the Sacony Marsh and Trail, Kutztown, PA- Phase II
Plants of the Sacony Creek Trail, Kutztown, PA – Phase I Wildflowers Anemone, Canada Anemone canadensis Aster, Crooked Stem Aster prenanthoides Aster, False Boltonia asteroids Aster, New England Aster novae angliae Aster, White Wood Aster divaricatus Avens, White Geum canadense Beardtongue, Foxglove Penstemon digitalis Beardtongue, Small’s Penstemon smallii Bee Balm Monarda didyma Bee Balm, Spotted Monarda punctata Bergamot, Wild Monarda fistulosa Bishop’s Cap Mitella diphylla Bitter Cress, Pennsylvania Cardamine pensylvanica Bittersweet, Oriental Celastrus orbiculatus Blazing Star Liatris spicata Bleeding Heart Dicentra spectabilis Bleeding Heart, Fringed Dicentra eximia Bloodroot Sanguinara Canadensis Blue-Eyed Grass Sisyrinchium montanum Blue-Eyed Grass, Eastern Sisyrinchium atlanticum Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum Buttercup, Hispid Ranunculus hispidus Buttercup, Hispid Ranunculus hispidus Camas, Eastern Camassia scilloides Campion, Starry Silene stellata Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis Carolina pea shrub Thermopsis caroliniani Carrion flower Smilax herbacea Carrot, Wild Daucus carota Chickweed Stellaria media Cleavers Galium aparine Clover, Least Hop rifolium dubium Clover, White Trifolium repens Clover, White Trifolium repens Cohosh, Black Cimicifuga racemosa Columbine, Eastern Aquilegia canadensis Coneflower, Green-Headed Rudbeckia laciniata Coneflower, Thin-Leaf Rudbeckia triloba Coreopsis, Tall Coreopsis tripteris Crowfoot, Bristly Ranunculus pensylvanicus Culver’s Root Veronicastrum virginicum Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum -
Petrified Forest U.S
National Park Service Petrified Forest U.S. Department of the Interior Petrified Forest National Park Arizona Common Plants The environment of Petrified Forest is amazingly diverse, from the open grassland to the intimacy of a small seep spring. Types of plants change with the various habitats, such as the open woodlands along the Painted Desert Rim and mesa tops with juniper, crispleaf buckwheat, and cliffroses while grasses like needle and thread and sideoats grama dominate the open prairie. Animals depend on plants for food and shelter. People enjoy the shade beneath rustling cottonwoods and the beauty of Within each category, species are wildflowers. Unfortunately, some native plants are threatened by invasive non-native listed alphabetically by scientific weeds, including tamarix and bindweed, an issue both within the park and beyond name. Non-native, often noxious its boundaries. With thousands of species of plants in the park, only a sampling of and invasive, plants are marked with an *. species is featured here. Trees Elaeagnus angustifolia* Russian olive Salix exigua narrow leaf willow, coyote willow Juniperus monosperma one seed juniper Salix gooddingii Goodding’s willow Juniperus osteosperma Utah juniper Tamarix chinensis* fivestamen tamarix, saltcedar Pinus edulis twoneedle pinyon, pinyon pine Populus angustifoia narrowleaf cottonwood Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni Fremont cottonwood Populus fremontii Fremont cottonwood One seed juniper Shrubs Artemisia bigelovii Bigelow’s sage Krascheninnikovia lanata winterfat Artemisia filifoliasand sagebrush Lycium pallidum pale wolfberry Atriplex canescens fourwing saltbush Purshia stansburiana Stansbury cliffrose Atriplex confertifolia shadescale saltbush Poliomintha incana hoary rosemarymint Chrysothamnus greenei Greene’s rabbitbrush Rhus trilobata skunkbush sumac Ephedra viridis Mormon tea Salsola tragus* prickly Russian thistle, tumbleweed Ericameria nauseosa ssp. -
Spring/Summer 2001
WHAT'S GROWING ON? Spring/Summer 2001 ____________________________________________________________________________________ What's Growing On? is a publication of MASTER GARDENERS OF ONTARIO INC. Editor: E. Avalon Hamlin [email protected] Assist. Editor: Anna Madajczuk [email protected] LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT On behalf of the members of MGOI, I would like to express our appreciation to Crystal Trojek for her leadership over the last year. I am very honoured to be asked by the Board to serve as President and it is my intention to dedicate my efforts over the next year to the betterment of the Master Gardener organization. There are some important issues to contend with and we will need the help of all 740 Master Gardeners to achieve the kind of progress that we are hoping for. We need to strengthen the cohesiveness, the confidence and pride which we associate with being a Master Gardener. We are all members of the very same team, Master Gardeners of Ontario Inc., and we all benefit when we assist improve-ments elsewhere in the organization. We need to improve the sense of belonging and participation. We must do whatever is necessary to get MG's to know and understand each other in order to improve communication and teamwork. We have to face up to the issue of funding and realize that we can only improve our circumstances through a partial increase in membership fees. Many groups have demonstrated their strength in financial and operational terms. There is still a widespread problem of insufficient volunteering for positions of responsibility. Are your neighbouring groups doing as well as you are? Perhaps, the more successful groups could assist in the development of smaller, less successful ones. -
Keepers Follows, Without Criticism, Given in Pflanzenfamilien, III, 8
Issued Dec. 1st, 1936. The Umbelliferae of the Netherlands Indies by P. Buwalda Botanical Laboratory of the University, Groningen, Netherlands. Besides the Umbelliferae of the Netherlands Indies proper, also those of the Malay Peninsula and the non-Dutch parts of Borneo and New Guinea have been taken up in this revision. The materials examined belong to the following Herbaria: (B) = the Herbarium of the Botanic Garden, Buitenzorg. (BD) = the Herbarium of the Botanical Museum, Berlin—Dahlem. (BM) = the Herbarium of the British Museum of Natural History, London. (E) = the Herbarium of the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. (G) = the Herbarium of the University, Groningen. the Herbarium the (K) — of Botanic Gardens, Kew. (L) = the National Herbarium (Rijksherbarium), Leiden. (NY) = the Herbarium of the Botanic Garden, New York. (Pa) = the Herbarium of the Java Sugar Experiment Station, Pasoeroean. (S) = the Herbarium of the Botanic Gardens, Singapore. (Sa) = the Herbarium of the Sarawak Museum, Kuching. (U) = the Herbarium of the University, Utrecht. Most of the herbarium materials were sent to Groningen to be examined there. Moreover I had the opportunity to work a few weeks in the Kew Herbarium and in that of the British Museum of Natural History in London. render I my best thanks to the Directors and Keepers of all these Herbaria for their kind assistance. Umbelliferae. For the delimitation and of the this arrangement genera paper DRUDE'S in Die follows, without criticism, system as given Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, III, 8. Therefore it appeared useless to recount the characters of the genera. For those who prefer to determine the genera in the viz.