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Explorao Sustentada De Acrocomia Aculeata (Jacq

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Explorao Sustentada De Acrocomia Aculeata (Jacq GISELE MARIA AMIM CALDAS LORENZI Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. - ARECACEAE: BASES PARA O EXTRATIVISMO SUSTENTÁVEL Tese apresentada ao Curso de Pós- Graduação em Agronomia, área de concentração em Produção Vegetal, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências. Orientadora: Drª Raquel R. B. Negrelle Co-orientadora: Drª Solange R. Zaniolo CURITIBA 2006 AGRADECIMENTOS À Profª. Drª Raquel R. B. Negrelle do Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal do Paraná pela orientação, estímulo profissional e amizade; À Drª. Solange R. Zaniolo pela co-orientação, auxílios prestados e amizade; À Profª Drª. Sonia S. Costa, do Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, que coordenou às análises de avaliação cromatográfica e antioxiodante das folhas de bocaiúva; À Profª Drª. Dalva M. S. Matos do Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal de São Carlos pelo auxílio nas análises dos dados populacionais; À Profª. Drª. Márcia Mendes Marques do Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal do Paraná pelo auxílio nas análises dos dados fenológicos; Ao Prof. Dr. James Ropper do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná pela colaboração nas análises estatísticas; Ao Prof Dr. Herinch Hasenack da Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, que gentilmente cedeu os dados climáticos; Aos professores da Universidade Federal do Paraná Dr. Anadalvo Juazeiro dos Santos, Dra. Maria Elisabete Doni, Dra. Márcia M. Marques e Dra. Solange R. Zaniolo pelas valiosas críticas e sugestões na pré-defesa; À Bibliotecária do Setor de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Sra. Telma T. Stresser, pela correção e orientação nas referências bibliográficas; À Coordenação do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia/Produção Vegetal da Universidade Federal do Paraná, representado pelo Prof. Dr. Luiz Antonio Biasi, por permitir a realização do curso e à CAPES pela concessão da bolsa de estudos; Ao SESC Nacional, na pessoa do Sr. Leopoldo Brandão, pelo apoio financeiro, logístico e por permitir a realização desta pesquisa na RPPN SESC Pantanal; A equipe do SESC Pantanal, especialmente ao Sr. Nivaldo da Costa Pereira, Sr. Waldir Wolfgang Valutky e Sr. Afonso Francisco de Assis Ferreira pelo apoio logístico e infra-estrutura na RPPN SESC Pantanal; ii Aos funcionários do Hotel SESC Porto Cercado, especialmente ao Sr. Paulo Sérgio Vicente, Sr. Marcos Willian Cramm e Sr. Paulo Proença, pelo apoio entre as idas e vindas para a RPPN SESC Pantanal; Aos guardas-parque da RPPN SESC Pantanal, pelo apoio logístico e por suas valiosas informações durante o trabalho de campo; Aos colegas do laboratorio Oikos/UFPR pela amizade e, especialmente, aos estagiários Elaine Pinto, Luciana L. Correa, Rosemeri Morohawa, Claudinei P. Ribas, Tiago P. Valente e Marília Ceccon por toda ajuda no trabalho de campo; À Dr.ª Darcy Mitchell e a equipe do Centre for Non-Timber Resources (CNTR) da Royal Roads University Center - Victoria (BC) que viabilizaram por meio da Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) a apresentação deste trabalho no Symposium "A future beneath of trees". À Sra. Lucimara Antunes, secretária da Pós-Graduação, pelos auxílios prestados; Aos meus familiares que sempre foram grandes admiradores e incentivadores e a todos que de alguma forma fizeram parte desta jornada. Muito Obrigada! iii Ao meu marido, Guilherme, principal incentivador deste desafio, pelo seu amor, paciência e sua compreensão quanto aos momentos de ausência e estresse; Aos meus filhos, Pedro e Isabelle, que com muito amor e paciência curtiram “as histórias e aventuras” da mãe e compreenderam os momentos de ausência. DEDICO iv Canção do Exílio Minha terra tem palmeiras, Onde canta o Sabiá; As aves que aqui gorjeiam, Não gorjeiam como lá. Nosso céu tem mais estrelas, Nossas várzeas têm mais flores, Nossas flores têm mais vida, Nossa vida mais amores. Em cismar sozinho, à noite, Mais prazer encontro eu lá; Minha terra tem palmeiras, Onde canta o Sabiá. Minha terra tem primores, Que tais não encontro eu cá; Em cismar - sozinho, à noite - Mais prazer encontro eu lá; Minha terra tem palmeiras, Onde canta o Sabiá. Não permita Deus que eu morra Sem que eu volte para lá; Sem que desfrute os primores Que não encontro por cá; Sem qu’inda aviste as palmeiras Onde canta o Sabiá Gonçalves Dias v BIOGRAFIA DO AUTOR Gisele Maria Amim Caldas Lorenzi, filha de Gisel Pereira Caldas e Sainsabi Amim Caldas, nasceu em São José dos Campos, Estado de São Paulo, em 01 de setembro de 1962. É casada com Antônio Guilherme de Arruda Lorenzi e tem dois filhos, Pedro Caldas Lorenzi e Isabelle Caldas Lorenzi. Em 1985, recebeu grau de Licenciada em Ciências Biológicas, conferido pela Universidade de Taubaté (SP) e o grau de Licenciada e Bacharel em Ciências Sociais, conferido pela Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (SP). Em 1989, concluiu a especialização em Administração Escolar pela Universidade de Guarulhos (SP). Entre 1984 e 1996, atuou com professora e autora de material didático para o Ensino Médio e Fundamental no Estado de São Paulo. Em 2000, recebeu o grau de Mestre em Botânica, pela Universidade Federal do Paraná. E em 2001, o título de especialista em Gestão Ambiental pelo CEFET- PR/CDG. Desde 2000, presta assessoria em Educação Ambiental junto à órgãos públicos municipais e estaduais no Estado do Paraná. Presta, também, assessoria para a implementação de Sistema de Gestão Ambiental em empresas privadas. Em 2001, atuou no Ensino Superior ministrando a disciplina de Gestão Ambiental no curso de Administração de Empresas na Faculdade Opet (PR). Em 2002, iniciou o Curso de Doutorado em Agronomia, área de concentração em Produção Vegetal, no Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo da Universidade Federal do Paraná. vi SUMÁRIO LISTA DE FIGURAS...................................................................................................ix LISTA DE TABELAS .................................................................................................xii RESUMO...................................................................................................................xiii ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................xiv INTRODUÇÃO GERAL ...............................................................................................1 REFERÊNCIAS..........................................................................................................26 1 USOS E POTENCIALIDADES DA PALMEIRA BOCAIÚVA (Acrocomia aculeata (JACQ.) LODD. EX MART.........................................................................................32 RESUMO....................................................................................................................32 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................33 INTRODUÇÃO ...........................................................................................................34 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ..........................................................................................37 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO .................................................................................39 REFERÊNCIAS..........................................................................................................51 2 CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DOS FRUTOS DE BOCAIÚVA (Acrocomia aculeata JACQ. LODD. EX MART) iN NATURA NO PANTANAL MATOGROSSENSE. .................................................................................................56 RESUMO .................................................................................................................56 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................57 INTRODUÇÃO ...........................................................................................................58 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ..........................................................................................60 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO .................................................................................62 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS.......................................................................................74 REFERÊNCIAS..........................................................................................................75 3 Ecologia POPULACIONAL DA PALMEIRA BOCAIÚVA (Acrocomia aculeata JACQ. LODD. EX MART) - SUBSÍDIOS PARA O EXTRATIVISMO SUSTENTÁVEl78 RESUMO .................................................................................................................78 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................78 INTRODUÇÃO ...........................................................................................................79 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ..........................................................................................81 RESULTADOS...........................................................................................................85 DISCUSSÃO..............................................................................................................95 REFERÊNCIAS..........................................................................................................99 vii 4 FENOLOGIA DA PALMEIRA BOCAIÚVA
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