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YOUTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION at the LOCAL LEVEL: IMERETI and TBILISI © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung

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YOUTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION at the LOCAL LEVEL: IMERETI and TBILISI © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung YOUTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: IMERETI AND TBILISI © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung This Publication is funded by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung. Commercial use of all media published by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) is not permitted without the written consent of the FES. YOUTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: IMERETI AND TBILISI Tbilisi 2020 Youth Policy Implementation at the Local Level: Imereti and Tbilisi Tbilisi 2020 PUBLISHERS Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, South Caucasus South Caucasus Regional Offi ce Ramishvili Str. Blind Alley 1, #1, 0179 http://www.fes-caucasus.org Tbilisi, Georgia Analysis and Consulting Team (ACT) 8, John (Malkhaz) Shalikashvili st. Tbilisi, 0131, Georgia Parliament of Georgia, Sports and Youth Issues Committee Shota Rustaveli Avenue #8 Tbilisi, Georgia, 0118 FOR PUBLISHER Felix Hett, FES, Salome Alania, FES AUTHORS Plora (Keso) Esebua (ACT) Sopho Chachanidze (ACT) Giorgi Rukhadze (ACT) Sophio Potskhverashvili (ACT) DESIGN LTD PolyGraph, www.poly .ge TYPESETTING Gela Babakishvili TRANSLATION & PROOFREADING Lika Lomidze Eter Maghradze Suzanne Graham COVER PICTURE https://www.freepik.com/ PRINT LTD PolyGraph PRINT RUN 150 pcs ISBN 978-9941-8-2018-2 Attitudes, opinions and conclusions expressed in this publication- not necessarily express attitudes of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung does not vouch for the accuracy of the data stated in this publication. © Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung 2020 FOREWORD Youth is important. Many hopes are attached to the “next generation” – societies tend to look towards the young to bring about a value change, to get rid of old habits, and to lead any country into a better future. But are young people really the drivers of change, or are they rather driven by societal processes around them? And, as importantly, what does the young generation need to be able to fulfi ll its potential and be a positive transformational force? What can, what should the state do – both at the national and the local level? The present study, commissioned by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) in close collaboration with the Committee on Sports and Youth Aff airs of the Parliament of Georgia, aims to help answer the latter questions. It hopes to inform the future policy process, that has recently passed a critical juncture in Georgia with the launching of the National Youth Agency. The FES acts in the tradition of its previous study on youth in Georgia, the 2016 research on a “Generation in Transition”. The present study, however, focusses on the policy level, and on Tbilisi and the municipalities of Imereti. Two fi ndings stand out, as evidenced from focus group discussions with young people and interviews with key stakeholders: Firstly, the drafting of strategic documents at the national level can only be a starting point for any kind of policy, no matter how good the document is. And secondly, connected to that, communication remains a challenge. Policymakers complain about merely “symbolic” interactions between the national and the local levels. Municipal offi cials claim to know the problems facing the local youth – and fail to name them in full. And fi nally, the target group does not feel well informed about the opportunities that already exist. The authors of the research thus argue – convincingly – for municipal youth strategies and action plans that are evidence-based and take into account the real, and not only the supposed needs of local youth. Creating physical meeting spaces for the young generation, and opportunities for informal education, seem important steps in order to enable Georgia’s youth to pave the way for a better future. In any case, we hope that the present study will contribute to this process. Felix Hett Director Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Regional Offi ce South Caucasus Contents GLOSSARY .....................................................................................................................6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................7 MAIN FINDINGS............................................................................................................13 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................15 2. METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................16 3. YOUTH POLICY REVIEW .........................................................................................20 MAIN FINDINGS .......................................................................................................22 3.1. State Youth Policy ...........................................................................................24 State Youth Policy Document..................................................................25 Youth Agency ...............................................................................................30 3.2. Municipal Policy and Programs ..................................................................32 Role of the Municipality ...........................................................................32 Human Capital .............................................................................................34 Budgeting ......................................................................................................36 Programs/Projects .....................................................................................43 3.3. Target Audience of the Youth Policy .........................................................46 3.4. Discussion .........................................................................................................47 4. YOUTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION .....................................................................49 MAIN FINDINGS .......................................................................................................49 4.1. Implemented Youth Activities .....................................................................51 4.2. Challenges of Policy Implementation ......................................................58 4.3. Political Participation and Engagement ..................................................70 Young People and Engagement ..............................................................70 Practices of Civil Activism ........................................................................74 5. ANALYSIS OF STAKEHOLDERS .............................................................................79 MAIN FINDINGS .......................................................................................................79 5.1. Cross-Sector Evaluation of Youth Policy ..................................................81 5.2. Challenges ........................................................................................................88 5.3. Discussion .........................................................................................................98 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..............................................................109 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................113 GLOSSARY ACT Analysis and Consulting Team Informal Any planned program of individual and social education Education that is not a part of offi cially structured curriculum and aims improvement of knowledge, skills and competencies. Informal education is a lifelong lasting process and, along with the improvement of skills and knowledge, contributes to the attitudes and values formation process. CENN Caucasus Environmental NGO Network FES Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung FGD Focus Group Discussion Freelancer Someone who does particular pieces of work for diff erent organizations, rather than working all the time for a single organization LEPL Legal Entity of Public Law NGO Non-governmental Organization NEET Person who is not in education, employment, or training KI Key Informant – a person selected for an in-depth interview purposively as a representative of a group most knowledgeable person about study specifi c issue KII Key Informant Interview UN United Nations UNFPA United Nations Population Fund 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Youth are an important part of every country’s democratic and socio- economic development. They are catalysts of change and main players in the process, and therefore require encouragement and support at local as well as international levels. To create the relevant environment for the development of youth and to provide them with support, it is important to know their needs, have an action plan tailored to these needs in place, and implement the activities envisaged by the plan at central and local levels. In order to study how the above-mentioned issues and the youth policy are implemented by local self-governments, the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) South Caucasus Offi ce and the Parliamentary Committee on Sports and Youth Aff airs commissioned this study. In the frame of the study, the implementation of youth policy by the Imereti region and Tbilisi self- government bodies were surveyed. The self-governments in Georgia have the overall authority to plan, manage and implement youth policy at the local level. Correspondingly, the survey aims to identify whether youth policy is inclusive and participatory, and how the youth policy is implemented in municipalities. In order
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