UNDERSTANDING BONSAI PDF, EPUB, EBOOK

Pieter Loubser | 286 pages | 11 Jan 2006 | Createspace | 9781412058957 | English | none A Beginner's Guide to Bonsai Trees - Arborist Now

It's wonderful to gather together. In Japan bonsai has an ancient history borne of nature. Bonsai is enlightenment and brings peace. It is well known and appreciated. It's the duty of all of us that love bonsai to keep alive this "torch of peace. In doing so, they learn from nature and learn a philosophy of life. Even a person who doesn't understand bonsai can appreciate and be moved by its beauty. The power of bonsai is in its ability to portray the utmost beauty of nature. This is the goal for all who grow bonsai. There are three important things to consider:. First, the roots. When looking at an old tree, the roots form the foundation and gives strength. This is impressive and inspiring. Strong roots of large tree protect other smaller trees in a flood or a storm. These firmly rooted trees give us a feeling of stability and security. In the case of a bonsai, this should also be true. Second, the trunk and the way it's formed. In the case of a solitary tree, its especially important as to how the trunk emerges from the roots and the rising taper that it develops. After many years the aged characteristics and bark appear and you can sense the added character and personality of each tree. Third, the branches. These face the sky and are balanced and must have sunlight to flourish. Because branches and leaves are growing strongly, beautiful flowers can bloom. Even though growing vigorously and flowers are blooming, you must not be complacent and must be very diligent in the care of your plants. This care is important. Everyone here has gathered together from distant places. In each of your countries you have mountains, rivers, woods and forests. These are beautiful scenes to inspire you. Choose the most beautiful examples for your bonsai. Do not just copy anything. Rather, make your bonsai like the best parts of nature. To raise bonsai it is very important to learn the strong and weak points of each plant. Raising bonsai is like raising children. Be a teacher and a guide but with patience and loving care. Treat your plants as you do your family. I'm sure that each of you will also be able to create and grow beautiful bonsai. Bonsai is a living thing in the roots and even in the leaves. Every day that you are attending your bonsai, although the plant cannot speak to you, you'll sense that the plant is trying to tell you something. You'll one day know a plant is asking for water or fertilizer. When you come to that stage, you'll have developed a close bond. Bonsai responds to your love and becomes like honest friends with no human falsehood or betrayals. Bonsai are loyal if you water and fertilize regularly with loving care. Life is more meaningful when we attend these little plants. We learn the essence and dignity of life! Even the life of a bonsai is older than us. So bonsai must be passed on to the next generation to preserve the life in the tray. This is important. Bonsai is a god-given gift to man. Some common favorites for growing bonsai trees include the juniper tree, which is a hardy evergreen that can survive in any northern climate and some even warmer regions as well. Spruces, cedars, and pines are also extremely popular choices as well, and we love using trees like Japanese maples , elms, and oaks too. As for tropical plants, jade and snowrose are great choices for indoor bonsai trees in temperate or cool climates. Indoor or Outdoor. While this may not seem like a huge decision, you should definitely know if you are planning on having an outdoor or indoor bonsai tree because their needs will change drastically. Indoor trees are typically going to receive less light and stay dryer, while outdoor areas receive lots of natural sun and rain. Common outdoor choices: maple, birch, beech, ginkgo, elm, larch, juniper, and cypress trees. Common indoor choices: gardenia, kingsville boxwood, ficus, serissa, and hawaiian umbrella trees. Bonsai trees come in a huge variety of sizes. You can have full grown trees that are as small as 6 inches, and anywhere up to 3 feet tall, it just depends on the species of the tree you go with. You also need to think about the space you available at your home, your desk, or outdoors, as well as the size of the container you have for it, and the amount of sunlight you will have available. If, however, you decide to grow it from a seed, know that you will have much more control over its growth in every single stage of its development. On the other end of this though, you will have to wait up to five years to grow from a seed to a full grown tree. You can also grow your bonsai tree from a cutting as well. Select the perfect pot for your bonsai tree. Bonsai trees are planted into pots that will restrict their growth. However, you will have to choose a pot that is large enough to hold enough soil to cover the roots of the plant. Having the perfect plant in mind first will make this process a lot easier. When you water the bonsai tree, it will absorb moisture from the soil through its roots. On top of the size, you will also want to make sure you make one or two drainage holes at the bottom of the pot as well. This will prevent root rot and keep your tree healthy. A lot of beginners choose to grow their bonsai trees in more plain, practical containers, then they transfer them to more aesthetically pleasing when the trees are fully grown. How to Pot Your Bonsai Tree. To plant your tree in the container you want it to grow in, you will first want to remove it from the container you bought it in and clean off its roots. Be very careful when you are removing the tree not to damage or break its main stem — consider using a potting shovel to pry the plant out without damaging it. Make sure that you brush away any dirt that has caked itself in and around the root system of your trees. You can use chopsticks, tweezers, and root rakes to make this process a little simpler for you. You will also want to prune the roots as well. If their growth is not controlled well, the bonsai tree may very well try to outgrow its container. Simply cut any extremely large, thick roots, as well as any that face upwards off of the root system. This will leave behind a network of long and skinny roots that will sit near the surface of the soil. Since water is absorbed through the tips of the roots, it is better in a small container to have many thin root strands instead of only a few thick ones. Next you will want to prepare the new pot that the bonsai tree is going into. Make sure that the tree has a base of new, fresh soil to be placed in that gives it the height you desire. At the bottom of the pot, add a layer of coarse-grain soil as its base, then add a much finer, looser medium soil above this. At the top of the pot, make sure to leave a small amount of space so you can cover the trees roots when it is placed in the container. When potting the tree, make sure that the tree is positioned just how you want it to look. After that you can cover the roots with the remaining, well-draining soil to hold it in place. If you are having difficulties keeping the tree standing upright, simply run a heavy gauge wire in from the bottom of the pot through its drainage holes, and tie the wire around the root system to hold it in place. You might also want to install mesh screens over the drainage holes on the pot to prevent any soil erosion from happening. This occurs when water carries soil out of the pot through the drainage holes. Pruning and Shaping. Your bonsai tree will need consistent and frequent pruning in order to look right. There are also several different types of pruning to consider for your plant to look and feel good. This means during the winter months of November to February typically. Make sure to cut back any large branches that protrude from the tree, as well as branches with unnatural twists or ones that are just ugly. To do this, cut each branch above a node in a place that keeps the tree looking balanced. Use branch cutters to keep it looking neat. If you want to have light able to filter through the canopy and reach the lower branches, trim back the twigs and branches on top of the tree. This also allows you to shape the canopy to the desired shape and size. Use your branch cutters to trim down any out of place branches so that the canopy is balanced and shaped nicely. If you come across any suckers, which are small offshoots that tend to grow on branches or the base of the trunk, pluck them off with your fingers to keep the tree looking neat and trimmed. Pruning for Maintenance. For general maintenance for your bonsai tree, which should be done regularly, there are several steps to take as well. Pinching vs. Pruning | Bonsai Mirai

You do not pinch during this stage. After setting an impeccable structure, then building up and styling out those secondary branches, your tree should be pushing out healthy flushes of growth off the secondary branching. At this time, the tree is ready to enter tertiary development. When you are cultivating tertiary ramification, this is the point when you begin pinching to transition energy to the interior. Repeat, you should not pinch your bonsai until you are at a stage of tertiary ramification. So up until this point with your bonsai, you have been focusing on producing healthy growth via fertilization and balance of water and oxygen, then pruning that growth to establish the secondary branching in your design. You want subtle, thin ramification now, so your fertilization should reflect that. Each season it puts out energy, and instead of utilizing it or transitioning it, it gets cut off. So the tree maintains a similar structure over time and does not move towards a highly ramified bonsai. It is important to understand what stage of development your tree is at and what the goals of that stage should be. These 3 simple stages—structure, secondary, tertiary — and their corresponding actions should be in the mind of every bonsai practitioner. The arc of these stages occur over many seasons, it takes patience to build a highly evolved bonsai. Of course these should be treated as guiding lights, not hard and fast rules. Every tree will have unique needs depending on the season, species, health, and the many other contributing factors. But knowing these general steps for how to properly build branch structure will allow you to take that next step to understanding the nuances to different species, design goals, and horticultural circumstances. The practice reached many new people who wanted to explore the beauty of cultivating miniature trees of their own. This time of rapid development and spreading of the bonsai art was also the paramount of starting to pay utmost attention to the design of bonsai trees themselves. Thus, every proud bonsai owner was striving to create his unique masterpiece while staying true to the basic laws which sculpted bonsai cultivation. Suddenly, there was an increased demand of bonsai cultivators, who could share their knowledge and skills with the numerous bonsai aficionados among the Japanese people. This was not only the time when bonsai flourished in Japan, being accessible to all the people who wished to learn how to practice it. Following the teachings of the Taoist monks, who shared their bonsai cultivation techniques, the Japanese started yet another form of bonsai creation — arranging a variety of landscapes with bonsai in the focus. That particular process became known as bon-kei which literally means tray landscape. Meanwhile, another form of bon-kei quickly gained popularity. San-kei aims to re-create 3D landscapes the very same was as bon- kei, although with san-kei the aim is to depict an already existing scenery or landscape, and not just something imaginary. And so in the mid s , with the numerous merchants venturing through Asia, the word for bonsai was inevitably spread throughout the globe. At the very beginning, it was mostly the news of the existence of such miniature trees which sparkled the curiosity. Very soon after the widely-spread availability of practicing bonsai, by the end of s , the Japanese started holding the first bonsai exhibitions. The Japanese also organized bonsai competitions which aimed to acknowledge the most skillful cultivators of the ancient practice. Eventually, cities like London, Vienna, Paris and other place where culture and art are highly valued, featured bonsai trees in special exhibitions. And this was also the time when the Japanese decided to share some of the invaluable experience they have gained in bonsai cultivation by sharing their secrets in bonsai growing with the world. The Japanese selflessness for opening the gates to bonsai cultivation freely so that more people can take advantage of this healing practice, was what shaped the world of bonsai as we know it today. If the Japanese were to act selfishly, we would have lost so much by not having the chance to understand the deep beauty residing in bonsai. In this tale, the Japanese explained the true philosophy behind cultivating those miniature trees and gradually saturated this gardening discipline with a whole new level of meaningfulness. And approximately around the 19th century , a group of students who were studying Chinese arts gathered to discuss bonsai and take a closer look at this one-of-a-kind practice, merging art and discipline with self-knowledge and knowledge of the Laws of Mother Nature. Subsequently, that very same group of students was the first to officially give the name Bonsai, classifying the discipline into what we know it today. Just like we are all so completely different, so is bonsai, which represents the imagination, heart, and skills of its cultivators. Up-to-date, bonsai trees can be seen in numerous sizes and varieties which keep adding more magic to the practicing of bonsai. In fact, the bonsai passion is so strong and contaminating that multiple small groups of bonsai aficionados have gathered throughout the globe. The bonsai societies around the world have further helped to spread the practice far, far away from its homeland — Japan. The history of how bonsai was born and made its way into the hearts of the Japanese marks only the tip of the iceberg. If we have to point out the most important aspects which granted bonsai world fame and renown, there are 4 major aspects. However, after the war was finally over, Japan became far more open to the rest of the countries globally. Subsequently, numerous bonsai exhibitions took place. Nevertheless, the associations, promoting bonsai cultivation also left a huge imprint on popularizing the art of bonsai and making it far more comprehensible to people world-wide. One of the first associations which did a great job for spreading the bonsai craftsmanship towards people globally, was the Nippon Bonsai Association. Along with the open trade and communication between Japan and the rest of the countries in the world, the rise of print publication has also helped tremendously for spreading the word about bonsai. Not only the word about this magnificent form of art and gardening was spread. The very essence of bonsai was transmuted to people through the work of various authors. Together with passionate researchers, people who got the chance to delve in the Japanese art of bonsai thanks to the openness of the Japanese nation towards popularizing bonsai, succeeded to publish multiple articles. Many of those articles became a great hit in the respective countries and thus, little by little, bonsai was finding its way to the hearts of people from every nation, age, and gender. As bonsai requires a deep understanding of the art and craftsmanship for cultivating the miniature trees, the Japanese released a number of bonsai courses around the second half of the 20th century. Thus, not only did the local Japanese got an opportunity to study bonsai better; many foreigners, who visited Japan, got also involved in those courses. And so step by step, those who managed to learn more about bonsai started helping other people adopt the best techniques for successful bonsai cultivation. The skills, which the traveling Japan visitors gained during their expert bonsai training were then brought to practice in their home countries, where the knowledge they received about bonsai was slowly embracing a wider and wider audience of bonsai connoisseurs. Now, it is important to acknowledge that the easy trade between the countries made it possible to spread the practice of bonsai along with all the useful tools, plants, and soil components, needed for a successful bonsai cultivation. Before this happened, the access to various bonsai plants and the equipment, which every bonsai gardener has to utilize, were very hard to find. This scarcity was a huge milestone for people who had get to know more about the bonsai practice but lacked the suitable tools to turn bonsai into reality in their home countries. Slowly but surely, as everything needed for bonsai cultivation became widely-available, bonsai aficionados all around the globe eagerly started to discover the true taste looking after a bonsai tree. With all the 4 aspects shaping the bonsai reality as we know it today, it was only a matter of time for this intricate form of art and gardening to grab the hearts of people, regardless of their race, gender, religion, or level of experience. Multiple bonsai communities emerged and the boom of free online communication only speeded up the process of bonsai popularization. People were no longer limited to the old ways and gaining new knowledge, as well as exchanging experience with other bonsai connoisseurs was crucial for conveying the magic of bonsai in order to reach more souls, hungry for beauty and harmony. Interestingly, it seems as if nowadays we need bonsai more than ever in our lives. The busy pace schedules we have to face, combined with the increased aggression and insecurity in the world, only creates a greater need for tuning back with the Universal laws. And is there any better way to nurture a troubled mind than to focus your attention on creating something as beautiful as bonsai? But actually, it is the continuous care, the never-ending state of learning which make bonsai such an intricate discipline. And through that very same discipline, important virtues can be attained by the cultivator, which would be hard to gain in any other way. Bonsai cultivation was achieved through masterful techniques, which required the absolute dedication of bonsai cultivators. Indeed, in order to create a bonsai masterpiece, it can take anything between 2 and 20 years of care. But instead of limiting bonsai cultivation to sculpting and nurturing the traditional pine trees, the Japanese added much more to the ancient practice. Thus, both flowering and fruit-bearing trees were included in bonsai. For the shaping of bonsai, the Japanese used wire and bamboo to twist and then hold the configurations intact. Branches, trunks, and roots were all subject to the masterful bonsai techniques, aiming for that odd and gnarled appearance of the miniature trees. Grafting was yet another popular technique in bonsai. By grafting the new branches, cultivators created particular shapes, which would otherwise be impossible to re-create and embed in bonsai. Sweet syrup was also applied for the purpose of attracting termites, which would fiest on the sweetness of the wood. That particular trick made the bonsai trees appear even older to the eye of the contemplator. But termites cannot be left intact on the bonsai tree forever. Thus, after the tiny fellows finished their job for munching on the trunks, making bonsai trees appear closer to the natural look of any other tree we might see in Nature, the cultivators carefully removed all termites. Finally, only the beautifully aged appearance was left without a trace of the termites themselves. The technique of applying termites as part of bonsai cultivation shows how intertwined the art of bonsai is with Mother Nature. Really, is there any other art form where you can work together with the termites in order to create something so nostalgic as a bonsai tree? Bonsai trees were also placed along with suitable rocks and moss, searching for a harmonious landscape effect, which made bonsai plants truly become a piece of art. But this time was not yet to come before the Japanese brought bonsai to America when they migrated to the US. In fact, it was exactly at the end of World War II when the Chinese also brought their version of the tiny trees to America. However, the Chinese refused to share their artful techniques, limiting the practice of cultivating the miniature trees all to themselves. Subsequently, the Westerners were not allowed to gain further knowledge on bonsai creation until the late s. Indeed, without proper instructions, cultivating a bonsai tree is merely impossible. The practice of bonsai requires both understanding of the growth patterns of the miniature trees, as well as mastering the right techniques and utilizing the best conditions for the development of a real bonsai masterpiece. Fortunately, the Japanese were determined to spread the art of bonsai worldwide and did not act selfishly as to keep their knowledge to themselves. The Japanese shared everything they have learned about bonsai cultivation in the so-called nurseries, where many American visitors had the chance to study bonsai closely. And thus, after gaining new skills for bonsai creation, the Westerners returned to the USA and founded the first American Bonsai Society. It was only a matter of time before the practice of bonsai then became much more accessible, as opposed to just a mere years ago. Instead, along with the rising interest over bonsai of many other countries, who send their representatives to Japan in order to study the knowledge of bonsai cultivation, Japanese bonsai masters also traveled around the globe, spreading their bonsai cultivation skills and tips. And so, from one continent to another, the bonsai discipline was literally handed to all of those, who truly wished to learn this ancient practice. Very soon, the demands for more accessible bonsai tools grew higher than ever. With the increasing interest for practicing this form of art and gardening, means for mass production became widely available. Moreover, big bonsai manufacturers were willing to train individuals in the proper techniques and methods for bonsai cultivation. Subsequently, thousands of bonsai masterpieces were created in a relevantly short fraction of time in order to answer the great demands for bonsai production among the aficionados of the incredible art. Some bonsai connoisseurs would choose to grow their bonsai tree from seed. Others would prefer to grow their bonsai from cuttings from other trees. Nevertheless, grafting remains one of the most popular techniques for bonsai cultivation,as well. But since all of those techniques take both time and some practice to be mastered properly, many nurseries grow and export readily-available bonsai trees. Did you know that there are over a dozen different styles of shaping a bonsai tree? From the upright style to the straight bonsai style, all the way to the more recognizable one — the twisted bonsai cultivation style — people could now let their imagination run wild with their bonsai. Nurseries must take into consideration the particular growing region of the bonsai species they attend, nurture, and create, in order to make sure people who get a bonsai tree from a nursery will stand a reliable chance of cultivating their bonsai masterpiece successfully. All tree species require a different climate, access to light, and watering to grow strong and be able to undergo the multiple training techniques with full recovery. It is crucial for a bonsai plant to be healthy and hearty, as otherwise, the cultivator can be doomed to face failure. Well, the answer is only one: indefinitely. Your bonsai tree can outlive you, and it can even outlive your children and grandchildren if it is taken proper care of. Much like great-great-grandma Fumi — the bonsai tree of my Japanese hosts was older than 3 generations in the family, so can your bonsai masterpiece remain long after you and me are gone. Maybe this is one of the most incredible aspects of bonsai cultivation, although it is very hard to categorize anything, related to bonsai because above all, bonsai is art, and art cannot be possibly compared. What is even more amazing with bonsai is how the entire process of shaping and sculpting your living miniature masterpiece is achieved through the seemingly harsh conditions you make your bonsai tree go through. But instead of dying, with proper maintenance, bonsai trees prove that the harsh conditions of the surrounding environment can only increase both the beauty and value of all living creatures. That is one of the deepest truths which bonsai cultivation reveals to its creator — that regardless of the obstacles we meet on your way, you can turn every pain, every hurt into your favor. When looking at a bonsai tree , there is always this silent and wise reminder that you can do it; that you are stronger than what you think and you are more beautiful than what your Ego allows you to grasp. Just take a look at some centuries old bonsai trees which are still living in Japan and not only! Probably one of the most breathtaking examples of the true meaning and durability of bonsai is the pine, which is exhibited in Tokyo Imperial Palace. Evidence shows that Sandai-Shogun-No Matsu began its life as early as ! Bonsai is so interconnected with the Japanese culture, that it has become symbolic in the country of the Rising Sun, and is an important part of their celebrations. Just like we cherish a Christmas tree, bonsai has a special place in the welcoming of the New Year in Japan. The tokonoma is a super special place where the Japanese proudly place their bonsai tree as an important feature of the New Year. For bringing luck, harmony, and prosperity, a miniature apricot or cherry in bloom is proudly displayed at the tokonoma. There is really no other gardening practice where discipline plays such a key role as in growing bonsai. Indeed, the care one must take of a bonsai creation is tremendous but so are the rewards, as well. However, many newbie bonsai growers tend to fall into the trap of quick enthusiasm and thus, fail to truly utilize the best practices in bonsai. First off , every bonsai aficionado needs to understand that growing bonsai has nothing to do with growing just about any other average small plant. Remember that bonsai are trees and the growth patterns and demands of trees differ significantly from taking care of any other type of house plant. Secondly , when you take care of a bonsai, your attention as a gardener must be very well-spread among all the different aspects that need to be taken into consideration. But there are multiple other miniscule factors which are not to be underestimated for a successful bonsai cultivation. These factors include shaping properly the very first seedlings and cuttings, as well. Thirdly , all bonsai connoisseurs who are starting their bonsai cultivation quest should never forget that the term for bonsai is very, very vast. Bonsai can be any type of tree species, which is nurtured and shaped into a miniature variation of the original tree specimen. Thus, all different bonsai tree variations will require a deep understanding of their own and completely unique growth patterns and demands. For example, a pine bonsai tree will need a different soil, amount of light, as well as watering schedule as opposed to, for example, a maple bonsai tree. The astonishing varieties of bonsai make place for an amazingly profound diversity in the skills, knowledge and techniques one needs to adapt for becoming a true bonsai cultivator. For a start, each source plant will require a suitable small pot, and nonetheless — suitable soil to grow. The design of each bonsai masterpiece is solely a matter of imagination. That is what makes bonsai gardening a form of art. In order to shape your bonsai beauty to envision the image in your head and match a particular style, you can choose from the techniques listed below. As a bonsai cultivator, you can apply many techniques but you must also never forget to acknowledge the uniqueness of the bonsai species you are taking care of. Thus, specific leaves or needles must be removed both from the trunk and the branches of your bonsai plants. Before removing any leaves, always think twice and keep the image you want to achieve in your mind during the whole procedure. Pruning a bonsai is a very multi-layered process. This type of bonsai cultivation technique includes taking care of all the elements of a bonsai tree. Pruning focuses on branches, leaves, and trunks altogether to help you achieve the vision of bonsai you carry in your head and heart. If the bonsai growing techniques were to be classified in terms of necessity, then wiring would head the list. It is exactly through wiring that bonsai cultivators define the overall form of their miniature creation. Moreover, it is through wiring that a bonsai gardener directs the placement of both branches and leaves. Those very same mechanical instruments are used to shape all the elements of a bonsai tree, including the trunk, branches, and leaves. Thus, through proper defoliation, a bonsai cultivator might aim to achieve a short-term dwarfing of the foliage. The deadwood techniques in bonsai cultivation are probably among the most intriguing ones, among others. However, in order to apply the deadwood techniques correctly, one needs to be very experienced with bonsai growing. Thus, deadwood techniques should be avoided by newbie bonsai gardeners, as your mistakes can cause the death of your bonsai. On the other hand, those who master the deadwood techniques can truly turn their bonsai into a piece of art, which appears years older than its actual age, bringing a much more saturated emotion upon gazing at the bonsai beauty. When it comes to bonsai cultivation, every bonsai gardener needs the right tools just like the warrior needs a sword. If a warrior has access to more weapons, he would probably cope with his tasks even easier, right? And the same with bonsai! If I can give another example of whether or not you need many tools in order to grow your bonsai tree, consider the following — do you remember your first school years? With bonsai growing, it is pretty much the same. But if so, then do whatever makes your heart happy! If you feel excellent gathering and admiring all those bonsai growing tools — then why not? However, from a more practical aspect, do not forget that learning bonsai takes time and just like in a computer game — as you unlock new levels of experience, so you unlock new instrument which you can actually utilize successfully. Take, for example, tennis. It is just that it takes time before you fully sink with your bonsai masterpieces and gradually build confidence with your work as a cultivator. All of you here with an interest in bonsai have been "chosen by bonsai. It's wonderful to gather together. In Japan bonsai has an ancient history borne of nature. Bonsai is enlightenment and brings peace. It is well known and appreciated. It's the duty of all of us that love bonsai to keep alive this "torch of peace. In doing so, they learn from nature and learn a philosophy of life. Even a person who doesn't understand bonsai can appreciate and be moved by its beauty. The power of bonsai is in its ability to portray the utmost beauty of nature. This is the goal for all who grow bonsai. There are three important things to consider:. First, the roots. When looking at an old tree, the roots form the foundation and gives strength. This is impressive and inspiring. Strong roots of large tree protect other smaller trees in a flood or a storm. These firmly rooted trees give us a feeling of stability and security. In the case of a bonsai, this should also be true. Second, the trunk and the way it's formed. In the case of a solitary tree, its especially important as to how the trunk emerges from the roots and the rising taper that it develops. After many years the aged characteristics and bark appear and you can sense the added character and personality of each tree. Third, the branches. These face the sky and are balanced and must have sunlight to flourish. Because branches and leaves are growing strongly, beautiful flowers can bloom. Even though growing vigorously and flowers are blooming, you must not be complacent and must be very diligent in the care of your plants. This care is important. Everyone here has gathered together from distant places. In each of your countries you have mountains, rivers, woods and forests. These are beautiful scenes to inspire you. Choose the most beautiful examples for your bonsai. Do not just copy anything. Rather, make your bonsai like the best parts of nature. Understanding Bonsai - Napa Master Gardener Column - ANR Blogs

Be a teacher and a guide but with patience and loving care. Treat your plants as you do your family. I'm sure that each of you will also be able to create and grow beautiful bonsai. Bonsai is a living thing in the roots and even in the leaves. Every day that you are attending your bonsai, although the plant cannot speak to you, you'll sense that the plant is trying to tell you something. You'll one day know a plant is asking for water or fertilizer. When you come to that stage, you'll have developed a close bond. Bonsai responds to your love and becomes like honest friends with no human falsehood or betrayals. Bonsai are loyal if you water and fertilize regularly with loving care. Life is more meaningful when we attend these little plants. We learn the essence and dignity of life! Even the life of a bonsai is older than us. So bonsai must be passed on to the next generation to preserve the life in the tray. This is important. Bonsai is a god-given gift to man. This form of nature is closest to man and portrays the drama of life. Bonsai is nature without and end. So those who grow bonsai have a responsibility to be diligent and a duty to continue to carry on. In conclusion, I hope that the art of bonsai will never die and will keep the torch of peace burning throughout the world. I hope closer and deeper friendships will tie us together. He was the headliner and representative of the Nippon Bonsai Association in their first international participation outside of Japan. After he gave the address, he created "Peace Forest" from plants provided by Fuku-Bonsai. Translation and editing of Mr. Kato's address by David Fukumoto with the assistance of Haruko Kiyabu with the aid of the first translation of Ted Tsukiyama. The editing omitted portions to Anglicize the translation, omit opening and closing courtesy remarks and a few other areas thought not to be important to the purpose and theme of the address. Translation and publication approved by Saburo Kato. Saburo Kato emerged from the destruction of postwar Japan as the staunchest "keeper of the bonsai flame. Born May 15, , Saburo Kato lived through and influenced the modern history of bonsai. As the oldest son of bonsai master Tomekichi Kato, he helped to clear the forest and build Omiya Bonsai Village. In the 's he began collecting Ezo Spruce Picea glehnii and developed the primary techniques for their successful establishment and cultivation as bonsai. And, at the death of his father in , he became the third generation owner of Mansei-en bonsai garden. World War II was tragic for the entire world. In Japan, everything was mobilized for the war effort. It was necessary to remove the bonsai from their pots, plant them in the ground and water them late at night. Even then, the Katos were criticized. By the end of the war, only parts of decimated bonsai nurseries in Omiya were barely surviving. The post- war years were difficult as very few could afford to purchase bonsai. But Americans were interested in bonsai. General MacArthur's headquarters arranged classes and Mr. Kato is grateful that members of the Amerian occupational forces adopted the Japanese custom of purchasing potted pine, bamboo, and flowering plum arrangements for New Year gifts. He acknowledges the help and kindness he received and credits the successful revitalization of bonsai to postwar bonsai interest by Americans. This interest strengthened the faith of the few remaining growers and they resolved to continue and rebuild the culture. Consequently, there was a rebirth of bonsai first in Omiya, and later throughout Japan. As the country began recovering, Saburo Kato's ability to unify people proved a key to organizing the Bonsai Growers Cooperative Association and the Nippon Bonsai Association. He participated in the committees responsible for the annual Kokufu bonsai exhibitions, the bonsai exhibit at Expo '70 in Osaka; the bi-centennial gift of bonsai to the United States in , and he co-authored the Master's Book of Bonsai. Haruo taught him about the Western world and after meeting Ted Tsukiyama and others in the Hawaiian and international bonsai community, Kato led the "Internationalization of Bonsai. Japan's first international participation outside of Japan was at IBC 80 Hawaii, followed by other international conventions. Since water is absorbed through the tips of the roots, it is better in a small container to have many thin root strands instead of only a few thick ones. Next you will want to prepare the new pot that the bonsai tree is going into. Make sure that the tree has a base of new, fresh soil to be placed in that gives it the height you desire. At the bottom of the pot, add a layer of coarse-grain soil as its base, then add a much finer, looser medium soil above this. At the top of the pot, make sure to leave a small amount of space so you can cover the trees roots when it is placed in the container. When potting the tree, make sure that the tree is positioned just how you want it to look. After that you can cover the roots with the remaining, well-draining soil to hold it in place. If you are having difficulties keeping the tree standing upright, simply run a heavy gauge wire in from the bottom of the pot through its drainage holes, and tie the wire around the root system to hold it in place. You might also want to install mesh screens over the drainage holes on the pot to prevent any soil erosion from happening. This occurs when water carries soil out of the pot through the drainage holes. Pruning and Shaping. Your bonsai tree will need consistent and frequent pruning in order to look right. There are also several different types of pruning to consider for your plant to look and feel good. This means during the winter months of November to February typically. Make sure to cut back any large branches that protrude from the tree, as well as branches with unnatural twists or ones that are just ugly. To do this, cut each branch above a node in a place that keeps the tree looking balanced. Use branch cutters to keep it looking neat. If you want to have light able to filter through the canopy and reach the lower branches, trim back the twigs and branches on top of the tree. This also allows you to shape the canopy to the desired shape and size. Use your branch cutters to trim down any out of place branches so that the canopy is balanced and shaped nicely. If you come across any suckers, which are small offshoots that tend to grow on branches or the base of the trunk, pluck them off with your fingers to keep the tree looking neat and trimmed. Pruning for Maintenance. For general maintenance for your bonsai tree, which should be done regularly, there are several steps to take as well. Also trim any broken or crossed branches that you find. Branches that cross each other may leave wounds that will allow diseases or pests into the wood of the tree. This also goes for broken branches, which should be carefully removed to allow the tree to direct all its energy to new growth. You should also cut back twigs so that they only have between 3 and 4 nodes. Simply make a clean cut over the remaining nodes with branch cutters. For this type of pruning, you should of course do it all year round, but especially during the more active months for the bonsai trees. Typically spring and summer is the best time for this. After your tree has been pruned, there is some aftercare you should consider as well. Cover any cuts that come from pruning with wound paste. This will prevent too much sap from leaking out, and will help the cuts heal. Simply squeeze out a small amount of cream onto your gloved hand and spread lightly over the wound. To promote new growth, water your bonsai tree immediately after pruning it as well. Water it deeply to fully moisten the soil. Typically you will want to regularly water your tree lightly once a day, and a little more deeply after pruning. Lastly, apply a fertilizer every two weeks while it is actively growing. If you have a smaller bonsai tree, use a liquid fertilizer, and use a granular fertilizer for larger trees. Either dilute the fertilizer to half strength, or use half as much as directed on the fertilizer packaging. Our Final Thoughts. We hope you found our guide helpful in growing new bonsai trees. These trees are gorgeous, unique, and fairly easy to keep up with as long as your consistent. Have you ever grown one before? If not, what type of tree are you most excited to try out for your bonsai tree? Informal Upright Style Moyogi This type of bonsai tree grows upright, but it still has gentle curves in its trunk. Formal Upright Style Chokkan For this style, the tree truck is completely straight and upright, and it has a visible taper with the widest part of the trunk at the base of the tree. Slanting Style Shakan This style of bonsai tree consists of a slanted trunk that grows at an angle to the surface it is growing on — it looks like the tree was blown sideways with a huge gust of wind. How to Get Started There are several steps to getting started with growing your own bonsai tree. Indoor or Outdoor While this may not seem like a huge decision, you should definitely know if you are planning on having an outdoor or indoor bonsai tree because their needs will change drastically. Make sure that you consider the sizing of everything. How to Pot Your Bonsai Tree To plant your tree in the container you want it to grow in, you will first want to remove it from the container you bought it in and clean off its roots. Pruning and Shaping Your bonsai tree will need consistent and frequent pruning in order to look right. Pruning for Aesthetics.

See the tiny tools required for the ancient art of bonsai

Characteristics of bonsai are: A bonsai is an artistic representation of a mature tree that suggests a scene in nature. Bonsai of quality have an artistic plan. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. In the case of a bonsai, this should also be true. Second, the trunk and the way it's formed. In the case of a solitary tree, its especially important as to how the trunk emerges from the roots and the rising taper that it develops. After many years the aged characteristics and bark appear and you can sense the added character and personality of each tree. Third, the branches. These face the sky and are balanced and must have sunlight to flourish. Because branches and leaves are growing strongly, beautiful flowers can bloom. Even though growing vigorously and flowers are blooming, you must not be complacent and must be very diligent in the care of your plants. This care is important. Everyone here has gathered together from distant places. In each of your countries you have mountains, rivers, woods and forests. These are beautiful scenes to inspire you. Choose the most beautiful examples for your bonsai. Do not just copy anything. Rather, make your bonsai like the best parts of nature. To raise bonsai it is very important to learn the strong and weak points of each plant. Raising bonsai is like raising children. Be a teacher and a guide but with patience and loving care. Treat your plants as you do your family. I'm sure that each of you will also be able to create and grow beautiful bonsai. Bonsai is a living thing in the roots and even in the leaves. Every day that you are attending your bonsai, although the plant cannot speak to you, you'll sense that the plant is trying to tell you something. You'll one day know a plant is asking for water or fertilizer. When you come to that stage, you'll have developed a close bond. Bonsai responds to your love and becomes like honest friends with no human falsehood or betrayals. Bonsai are loyal if you water and fertilize regularly with loving care. Life is more meaningful when we attend these little plants. We learn the essence and dignity of life! Even the life of a bonsai is older than us. So bonsai must be passed on to the next generation to preserve the life in the tray. This is important. These trees look amazing and unique, and they are actually fairly easy to grow and care for. If you are interested in growing them yourself, you have come to the right place. Informal Upright Style Moyogi. This type of bonsai tree grows upright, but it still has gentle curves in its trunk. As the trunk grows out of the soil, it comes out first at an angle, and then curves back and forth a few times before reaching the top of the tree. You have most likely seen this type of bonsai tree, as it is the most common one typically. Formal Upright Style Chokkan. For this style, the tree truck is completely straight and upright, and it has a visible taper with the widest part of the trunk at the base of the tree. This is usually supported by a suitable radial nebari or its root structure. This style is found naturally in nature in certain species of trees, like specific Conifers, and when a tree is growing in a open area without having to compete for light. These are extremely regal and timeless, and will add great quality to the area you are growing them in. Slanting Style Shakan. This style of bonsai tree consists of a slanted trunk that grows at an angle to the surface it is growing on — it looks like the tree was blown sideways with a huge gust of wind. While being very unique and strange looking, this is a great conversation starter if you decide to grow a bonsai tree in this particular style. How to Get Started. There are several steps to getting started with growing your own bonsai tree. Make sure that you select an appropriate tree species for the climate you live in. Bonsai trees can be made from almost any type of tree, including some tropical plants and other options that may not be suited for all types of weather. Because of this, you will want to do some research to see what hardiness zone your area is in, and what trees are best for that location. Some common favorites for growing bonsai trees include the juniper tree, which is a hardy evergreen that can survive in any northern climate and some even warmer regions as well. Spruces, cedars, and pines are also extremely popular choices as well, and we love using trees like Japanese maples , elms, and oaks too. As for tropical plants, jade and snowrose are great choices for indoor bonsai trees in temperate or cool climates. Indoor or Outdoor. While this may not seem like a huge decision, you should definitely know if you are planning on having an outdoor or indoor bonsai tree because their needs will change drastically. Indoor trees are typically going to receive less light and stay dryer, while outdoor areas receive lots of natural sun and rain. Common outdoor choices: maple, birch, beech, ginkgo, elm, larch, juniper, and cypress trees. Common indoor choices: gardenia, kingsville boxwood, ficus, serissa, and hawaiian umbrella trees. Bonsai trees come in a huge variety of sizes. You can have full grown trees that are as small as 6 inches, and anywhere up to 3 feet tall, it just depends on the species of the tree you go with. You also need to think about the space you available at your home, your desk, or outdoors, as well as the size of the container you have for it, and the amount of sunlight you will have available. If, however, you decide to grow it from a seed, know that you will have much more control over its growth in every single stage of its development. On the other end of this though, you will have to wait up to five years to grow from a seed to a full grown tree. You can also grow your bonsai tree from a cutting as well. Select the perfect pot for your bonsai tree. Bonsai trees are planted into pots that will restrict their growth. However, you will have to choose a pot that is large enough to hold enough soil to cover the roots of the plant.

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