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Environmental Impact Assessment Amochhu Land Development and Township Project (RRP BHU 50165) Environmental Impact Assessment Project Number: 50165-002 May 2017 Bhutan: Amochhu Land Development and Township Project Draft Report (Appendixes 41-42) Prepared by Construction Development Corporation Limited, Royal Government of Bhutan for the Asian Development Bank. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area EIA for Amochhu Land Development and Township Project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report For Amochhu Land Development and Township Project (ALDTP), Phuentsholing, Bhutan MAY 2017 CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED, BHUTAN SIA for Amochhu Land Development and Township Project Appendix 41: Social Impact Assessment 694 SIA for Amochhu Land Development and Township Project Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 707 1.1 Project Background .............................................................................................................. 707 1.2 Scope of work of Social Impact Assessment– SIA ............................................................... 709 1.3 Objectives of SIA .................................................................................................................. 710 1.4 Methodology of data collection: ............................................................................................ 710 1.5 List of activities ..................................................................................................................... 711 2 Understanding the Project ........................................................................................................... 712 2.1 Reconnaissance Visit ........................................................................................................... 712 2.2 Defining the Impact Area ...................................................................................................... 713 2.3 Review of Data ..................................................................................................................... 714 2.4 Demographic and Socio-economic Profile ........................................................................... 716 2.5 Existing Conditions of Housing, Infrastructure and Services................................................ 721 2.6 Social Issues among Weaker Sections ................................................................................ 730 2.7 Gross National Happiness Index of Bhutan ......................................................................... 733 2.8 Alternative Analysis .............................................................................................................. 733 3 Conducting Screening of Social Impacts ..................................................................................... 738 4 Stakeholder Involvement ............................................................................................................. 740 4.1 Defining Stakeholders........................................................................................................... 740 4.2 Sensitizing people ................................................................................................................. 740 4.3 Selection of respondents for primary data collection ............................................................ 742 4.4 Stakeholder consultations .................................................................................................... 753 5 Carrying out Scoping of Social Impacts ....................................................................................... 753 5.1 Primary data collection in the field ........................................................................................ 753 5.2 Glimpses of primary data collection on field: ........................................................................ 755 6 Profile of the respondents ............................................................................................................ 756 6.1 Urban local bodies ................................................................................................................ 757 6.2 Government and Civil Society Organisations ....................................................................... 761 6.3 Real Estate Developers ........................................................................................................ 774 6.4 Indian day workers ................................................................................................................ 776 6.5 People living in Phuentsholing .............................................................................................. 782 6.6 Bhutanese people living in Jaigaon ...................................................................................... 786 7 Data Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 788 7.1 Perception about ALDTP ...................................................................................................... 790 7.2 People’s Preferences of Residential Units in Correlation to Socio-economic Status ........... 808 7.3 Willingness and Affordability to Avail Housing In Project ..................................................... 817 7.4 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 825 8 Identification of the Impacts ......................................................................................................... 827 8.1 Construction Phase Impacts ................................................................................................. 827 8.2 Post- construction Phase Impacts ........................................................................................ 828 695 SIA for Amochhu Land Development and Township Project 8.3 Impact on cross border town Jaigaon, West Bengal, India .................................................. 830 8.4 Impact on Gross National Happiness Index: ........................................................................ 831 9 Mitigations and Suggestions ........................................................................................................ 833 9.1 Mitigations and suggestions for the Project .......................................................................... 833 9.2 Grievance Redressal Cell: .................................................................................................... 848 9.3 Suggestions for Improvement in Quality Of Life in Phuentsholing Urban Area ................... 848 696 SIA for Amochhu Land Development and Township Project List of Tables Table: 1-1 Distance from Phuentsholing to Thimphu and major towns of India ........................ 709 Table: 2-1 Socio-economic indicators of Bhutan .......................................................................... 717 Table: 2-2 Socio-economic indicators of Chukha Dzongkhag ..................................................... 718 Table: 2-3 Gewog/Thromde wise male-female Distribution: ......................................................... 718 Table: 2-4 Socio-economic indicators of Phuentsholing Urban Area ......................................... 719 Table: 2-5 Popula Fig.2-1 Site appreciation visit with DHI-INFRA team (Source: HCP)............................................ 712 tion of Phuentsholing Urban Area ................................................................................................... 720 Table: 2-6Standards for Health Facilities in Bhutan ...................................................................... 725 Table: 2-7Employment Classification of the families living in cross border town Jaigaon. ..... 731 Table: 2-8 Dzongkhag-wise rate of poverty .................................................................................... 732 Table: 3-1 Screening parameters .................................................................................................... 738 Table: 4-1 List of Respondents for one to one interaction ........................................................... 743 Table: 4-2 List of Locations for conducting Focus Group Discussions ..................................... 746 Table: 4-3 Parameters covered in various schedules ................................................................... 751 Table: 6-1Distribution of respondents/participants ...................................................................... 756 Table: 6-2 Profile of the respondents from Urban Local Bodies (arranged in alphabetical order): ............................................................................................................................................................ 758 Table: 6-3 Profile of the representatives from government and civil society organizations (arranged in alphabetical
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