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Einige Österreichische Flüchtlinge in Großbritannien

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Einige Österreichische Flüchtlinge in Großbritannien Einige österreichische Flüchtlinge in Großbritannien Von Reinhard Müller Die nachfolgende, in sechs Kategorien gegliederte Liste von etwa 2.000 österreichischen Flüchtlingen in Großbritannien betrifft den Emigrationszeitraum 1933 bis 1945. Aufgenommen wurden vor allem kreativ Tätige wie Künstler, Philosophen und Wissenschaftler. Dazu kommen Politiker, sofern sie wichtige Funktionen im österreichischen Exil innehatten. Bewusst wurden auch jene Emigranten aufgenommen, die nur eine gewisse Zeit in Großbritannien verweilten, um dann in das gewünschte Zielland - meist die U.S.A. - weiterzuwandern. Damit soll der Bedeutung Rechnung getragen werden, die Großbritannien als - meist erstem - Fluchtpunkt zukam. Außerdem wurden damit auch jene Flüchtlinge berücksichtigt, die von Großbritannien interniert und dann in ihrem Internierungsland - Kanada und Australien - blieben. Natürlich wurden aber auch solche Flüchtlinge aufgenommen, die ihre gesamte Emigrationszeit in Großbritannien verbrachten. Die Liste enthält vorwiegend Personen, die in den Grenzen des heutigen Österreich geboren wurden, sowie Monarchie-Österreicher, welche den überwiegenden Teil ihres Lebens in Österreich (in seinen heutigen Grenzen) verbrachten. Andere Monarchie-Österreicher finden sich nur in Auswahl. Dazu kommen noch Personen, die zwar nicht in Österreich geboren wurden, hier aber lange Zeit lebten oder wichtige Abschnitte ihres Lebens verbrachten. 1. Schriftsteller, Journalisten, Übersetzer und Verleger 2. Maler, Grafiker, Plastiker und Architekten 3. Komponisten, Musiker, Dirigenten und Sänger 4. Schauspieler, Tänzer, Kabarettisten, Regisseure, Filmleute und Fotografen 5. Wissenschaftler und Philosophen 6. Politiker und Diplomaten 1. Schriftsteller, Journalisten, Übersetzer und Verleger Bruno ADLER; Pseudonym: Urban Roedl (Karlsbad / Böhmen [Karoly Vary / Tschechien] 1888-London 1968), Schriftsteller, Journalist, Chefredakteur und Kunsthistoriker; ab 1936 Großbritannien. Mitglied: Free Austrian Movement Heinrich ALLINA (Schaffern - Schafa / Mähren [Šafov / Tschechien] 1878-Wien 1953), sozialdemokratischer Politiker (Nationalratsabgeordneter 1919-1934) und Gewerkschaftsfunktionär, Publizist; 1939-1949 Großbritannien, 1949 Österreich. Mitglied: Association of Austrian Social Democrats in Great Britain; Austrian Thank- Offering to Churchill Committee; Londoner Vertreter des Austrian National Committee Ernest ANGEL, d.i. Ernst Angel (Wien 1894-Newark, New Jersey 1986), Regisseur, Schriftsteller und Psychotherapeut; 1939-1940 Großbritannien, weiter USA Walter ANGEL (Wien 1883-London 1954), Schriftsteller; ab 193? Großbritannien. Mitglied: Austrian Democratic Union; Union of Austrian Journalists Robert ARDEN (Wien 1898-), Schriftsteller und Journalist; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Otto ARIE, d.i. Otto Arje; später: Maier Arje (Dobritsch - Dobřiš / Böhmen [Dobřiš / Tschechien] 1906-), Schriftsteller und Übersetzer; ab 193? Großbritannien 1 Eva ASCHNER, verh. Vergeinerová (Wien 1923-), Schriftstellerin, Übersetzerin und Dolmetscherin; 1939-1945 Großbritannien, ab 1945 Tschechoslowakei Peter ASCHNER (Wien 1918-Wien 1984), Journalist; 1939-1945 Großbritannien, weiter Tschechoslowakei, ab 1945 Österreich. Mitglied: Young Austria in Great Britain Karl AUSCH; Pseudonyme: Karl Michael Fischer, Karl Michael; Deckname: Pelz (Wien 1893-Wien 1976), sozialdemokratischer Politiker, Wirtschaftsexperte und Journalist; 1938-1946 Großbritannien, 1946 Österreich. Mitglied: Austrian Democratic Union; Austrian Committee for Relief and Reconstruction des Austrian Committee for Post War Relief; Austrian Labour Club; Austrian Represenativ Committee; London Bureau of the Austrian Socialists in Great Britain David Josef BACH (Lemberg / Galizien [L’vov / Ukraine] 1874-London 1947), Schriftsteller, musikwissenschaftlicher Publizist und sozialdemokratischer Politiker; ab 1938 Großbritannien. Mitglied: Austrian Labour Club; Free Austrian Movement; Union of Austrian Journalists Jacques BACHRACH (Wien 1892-?), Schriftsteller (Drehbücher); 1939-1940 Großbritannien, weiter Australien Alfred Richard Antonius BARING; Pseudonym: Fred Baring (Wien 1900-Sydney / New South Wales 1988), Zivilingenieur, Theaterdirektor, Regisseur, Schauspieler und Schriftsteller; 1939 Großbritannien, weiter Australien Ludwig BARTA, d.i. Lajos Barta; Pseudonyme: Erich Barlud, Balla Béla (Österreich-Ungarn 1907-), Schriftsteller; ab 193? Großbritannien. Mitglied: Austrian Centre Joseph BATO, d.i. József Bato; auch: Josef Bato (Ungarn 1888-), Filmausstatter, Kostümbildner und Schriftsteller; ab 1938/39 Großbritannien Alfred BECKER (1914-), Schriftsteller; ab 193? Großbritannien. Mitglied: Austrian Centre Rudolf BECKMANN; Pseudonym: Michael Kohlhaas (Reichenberg / Böhmen [Liberec / Tschechien] 1888-Tschechoslowakei [Tschechien] 1964), kommunistischer Parteifunktionär, Ministeriumsbeamter, Rechtsanwalt und Publizist; 1939-1945 Großbritannien, weiter Tschechoslowakei. Mitglied: Free Austrian Movement Fritz BEER, d.i. Bedřich Beer; Pseudonyme: Peter Alter, Complexus (Brünn / Mähren [Brno / Tschechien] 1911-), Schriftsteller; ab 1939 Großbritannien Gustave BEER, d.i. Gustav Beer; Pseudonym: G.W. Wheatley (Wien 1888-Nyack / New York 1983), Schriftsteller; 1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Greta BEIGEL, geb. Margaret Hildegard Ujhely (Wien 1903-Nyack, New York / New York 1997), Schriftstellerin und Journalistin; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Hugo George BEIGEL, d.i. Hugo Georg Beigel (Wien 1897-New York / New York 1978), Psychologe, Sexualforscher und Schriftsteller; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Uli BEIGEL, verh. Uli Joan Monaco (Wien 1935-), Schriftstellerin; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Ernst Martin BENEDIKT; Pseudonyme: Erich Major, Ernst Marliss, Ernst Martin (Wien 1882- Wien 1973), Journalist und Schriftsteller; 1939 Großbritannien, weiter Schweden, ab 1962 Österreich Jimmy BERG, d.i. Simson Weinberg; Pseudonyme: Raimund Danberg, Otto Forst-Berg, Helmut Raabe, Jimmy Weinberg (Kolomea / Galizien [Kolokyja / Ukraine] 1909-New York / New York 1988), Komponist und Schriftsteller; 1938 Großbritannien, weiter USA Fred BERK, d.i. Fritz Berger (Wien 1911-New York / New York 1980), Tanzlehrer, Choreograph, Kabarettist und Publizist; 1939 Großbritannien, dann Cuba und USA Rudolf BERNAUER (Wien 1880-London 1953), Schauspieler, Theaterdirektor, Kunsttheoretiker und Schriftsteller; 1935-1937 und ab 1938 Großbritannien, dazwischen Niederlande. Mitglied: By Candlelight 2 Sybille BINDER, verw. Falckenberg, verh. Kahn, d.i. Sabine Binder (Wien 1895-Düsseldorf / Nordrhein-Westfalen 1962), Schauspielerin und Schriftstellerin; 1938-1950 Großbritannien, weiter BRD Solomon Ascher BIRNBAUM (Wien 1891-Toronto / Ontario 1989), Übersetzer und Professor für Hebräische Paläographie; 1933-1970 Großbritannien, weiter Kanada Lajos BIRÓ, d.i. Lajos / Ludwig Blau; auch: Ludwig Biró (Nagyvárád – Großwardein / Ungarn [Oradea / Rumänien] 1880-London 1948), Schriftsteller und Theaterkritiker; ab 1933 Großbritannien Karl BITTMAN, d.i. Karl Sobel, 1936-1939: Karl Bittmann; Pseudonym: Karo (Czernowitz / Bukowina [Černovcy / Ukraine] 1911-Roseville, New South Wales 1996), Kabarettist, Schauspieler, Theaterdirektor und Schriftsteller; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter Australien Charles Kasiel BLISS, d.i. Karl Blitz (Czernowitz / Bukowina [Černovcy / Ukraine] 1897- Randwick, New South Wales 1985), Schriftsteller, Sprachwissenschaftler und Erfinder der universalen Symbolsprache „ Blissymbolics“ ; 1939-1940 Großbritannien, weiter Shanghai und Australien Chaim BLOCH, d.i. Chaijm Bloch (Nagy-Bocskó / Ungarn [Veliki Byčkov / Ukraine] 1881- New York / New York 1973), Rabbiner und Schriftsteller; 1938-1939 Großbritannien, weiter USA Franz BÖNSCH; Pseudonym: Franz Hartl (Wien 1907-Wien 1986), Schriftsteller und Kabarettist; 1937-1947 Großbritannien, 1947 Österreich. Mitglied: Austrian Centre Franz BORKENAU, d.i. Franz Pollak (Wien 1900-Zürich 1957), Sozialwissenschaftler, Chefredakteur und Schriftsteller, Professor für Mittlere und Neuere Geschichte bzw. Geschichte der Sozialtheorien; 1934-1935 und 1938-1946 Großbritannien, dazwischen Panama und Spanien, weiter BRD Ernst Julius Wilhelm BORNEMANN; Pseudonyme: Ernest Borneman, Cameron McCabe (Berlin 1915-Scharten bei Eferding / Oberösterreich 1995), Journalist, Schriftsteller und Sexualwissenschaftler; 1933-1941 und 1950-1960 Großbritannien, dazwischen Kanada und Frankreich, 1970 Österreich Franz Xaver BOSCH (Wien 1901-), Ingenieur, Journalist und christlich-konservativer Politiker; ab 1938 Großbritannien. Mitglied: Association of Austrian Christian Socialists in Great Britain; Austria Catholica; Council of Austrians in Great Britain; Free Austrian Movement Felix BRAUN (Wien 1885-Klosterneuburg / Niederösterreich 1973), Schriftsteller, Kunsthistoriker und Germanist; 1939-1951 Großbritannien, 1951 Österreich. Mitglied: Free Austrian Movement Käthe BRAUN-PRAGER, geb. Braun, verh. Prager; Pseudonym: Anna Maria Brandt (Wien 1888-Wien 1967), Schriftstellerin, Malerin und Grafikerin; 1939-1951 Großbritannien, 1951 Österreich Bertha BRAUNTHAL, verh. Clark (Wien 1887-London 1967), sozialdemokratische Parteifunktionärin, Publizistin und Journalistin; ab 1933 Großbritannien Julius BRAUNTHAL; Pseudonyme: F.O., Friedrich Otto (Wien 1891-London 1972), Schriftsteller, Publizist und sozialdemokratischer Politiker, Mitbegründer der Sozialistischen Internationale; 1936-1938 und ab 1939 Großbritannien. Mitglied: London Bureau of the Austrian Socialists in Great Britain Robert BREUER (Wien 1909-Flushing / New York
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