Narrow-Leaved Vervain Verbena Simplex
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Native Forb Information Sheet
United States Department of Agriculture Native Forb Information Sheet Missouri Information Sheet IS-MO-643Native Forb Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Missouri Conservation Practice 643 December 2017 Native forbs, or broadleaf plants, are a natural part of the Missouri landscape. They welcomed European settlers to the state, painting the prairie and savanna landscapes with vibrant colors that changed throughout the season while supporting an incredible diversity of native wildlife. More than 800 plant species, most of them forbs, have been identified on Missouri’s prairies. Missourians are demonstrating a rekindled interest in native forbs for their beauty, hardiness, and wildlife benefits. Native forbs are well adapted to Missouri’s climatic extremes, which range from potentially brutal cold in January to the often stifling heat of July. Once established, native forbs require few inputs and little maintenance. Native forbs feature a variety of shapes, sizes, color, and value to wildlife. The towering compass plant, the vibrant butterfly milkweed, the rather plain but very valuable roundhead lespedeza, and the unique rattlesnake master all add important diversity to any planting. Choosing which ones to plant can be difficult; contact your local conservation agency representative, or one of the vendors of native forb seed for assistance. You can find a list at www.plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/mopmc, www.grownative.org, or www.monativeseed.org. Seed vendors can be excellent sources of information, and they are often as eager as you are for your planting to be successful. Refer to Table 1 in this document for general information about native forbs that are most often available commercially. -
Verbena Hastata BLUE VERVAIN HERB
Verbena hastata BLUE VERVAIN HERB (A) Botany Family: Verbenaceae (Vervain). Synonyms: American blue vervain, American vervain, blue verbena, swamp verbena. Harvesting: The herb consists of the upper 30-40% of Verbena hastata harvested in the early part of its flowering period from early to mid July. The lower 75-80% of the primary stalk and the lower 50-60% of any well developed secondary stalks are not used. Related Species: There is virtually no research on any of our native species of Verbena. V. bracteata (prostrate vervain), V. simplex (narrow-leaved vervain) and V. stricta (hoary vervain) grow in open field habitats in dry sandy or gravelly soil. V. urticifolia (white vervain) grows in moist transition areas and open woodlands. Of the four, V. urticifolia is the only other species that I have worked with. It has very similar therapeutic properties to V. hastata and can be used as a substitute. This may also apply to other species, but I can't verify that at this time. All five of these species are capable of hybridizing with each other, indicating a strong genetic similarity. They also have a very similar flavour. This is a good indication that they have similar chemical constituents and therapeutic properties. Of the species of Verbena that are used in Western herbalism, V. officinalis (European vervain), the official species in Europe, is the only member of the genus for which there is some research. This species tends to be more commonly used in Europe, whereas V. hastata is more commonly used in North America. Some references state that V. -
Field-Based Evaluation of Two Herbaceous Plant Community Sampling Methods for Long-Term Monitoring in Northern Great Plains National Parks
In cooperation with the National Park Service Field-Based Evaluation of Two Herbaceous Plant Community Sampling Methods for Long-Term Monitoring in Northern Great Plains National Parks By Amy J. Symstad, Cody L. Wienk, and Andy Thorstenson Open-File Report 2006-1282 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey 1 U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2006 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: Symstad, A.J., Wienk, C.L., and Thorstenson, Andy, 2006, Field-based evaluation of two herbaceous plant community sampling methods for long-term monitoring in northern Great Plains national parks: Helena, MT, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1282, 38 pages + 3 appendices. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. 2 Contents Contents ...............................................................................................................................................................................3 -
(Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) Using Two DNA Barcode Markers
J Biosci (2020)45:96 Ó Indian Academy of Sciences DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00061-2 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) Re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation of two closely related families (Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae) using two DNA barcode markers 1 2 3 OOOYEBANJI *, E C CHUKWUMA ,KABOLARINWA , 4 5 6 OIADEJOBI ,SBADEYEMI and A O AYOOLA 1Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria 2Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI), Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria 3Department of Education Science (Biology Unit), Distance Learning Institute, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria 4Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria 5Ethnobotany Unit, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria 6Department of Ecotourism and Wildlife Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria *Corresponding author (Email, [email protected]) MS received 21 September 2019; accepted 27 May 2020 The families Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae comprise several closely related species that possess high mor- phological synapomorphic traits. Hence, there is a tendency of species misidentification using only the mor- phological characters. Herein, we evaluated the discriminatory power of the universal DNA barcodes (matK and rbcL) for 53 species spanning the two families. Using these markers, we inferred phylogenetic relation- ships and conducted species delimitation analysis using four delimitation methods: Automated Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), TaxonDNA, Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP) and General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC). The phylogenetic reconstruction based on the matK gene resolved the relationships between the families and further suggested the expansion of the Lamiaceae to include some core Verbanaceae genus, e.g., Gmelina. -
Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping Chesapeake Bay Watershed Acknowledgments
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping Chesapeake Bay Watershed Acknowledgments Contributors: Printing was made possible through the generous funding from Adkins Arboretum; Baltimore County Department of Environmental Protection and Resource Management; Chesapeake Bay Trust; Irvine Natural Science Center; Maryland Native Plant Society; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; The Nature Conservancy, Maryland-DC Chapter; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service, Cape May Plant Materials Center; and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Chesapeake Bay Field Office. Reviewers: species included in this guide were reviewed by the following authorities regarding native range, appropriateness for use in individual states, and availability in the nursery trade: Rodney Bartgis, The Nature Conservancy, West Virginia. Ashton Berdine, The Nature Conservancy, West Virginia. Chris Firestone, Bureau of Forestry, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Chris Frye, State Botanist, Wildlife and Heritage Service, Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Mike Hollins, Sylva Native Nursery & Seed Co. William A. McAvoy, Delaware Natural Heritage Program, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. Mary Pat Rowan, Landscape Architect, Maryland Native Plant Society. Rod Simmons, Maryland Native Plant Society. Alison Sterling, Wildlife Resources Section, West Virginia Department of Natural Resources. Troy Weldy, Associate Botanist, New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Graphic Design and Layout: Laurie Hewitt, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Chesapeake Bay Field Office. Special thanks to: Volunteer Carole Jelich; Christopher F. Miller, Regional Plant Materials Specialist, Natural Resource Conservation Service; and R. Harrison Weigand, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Maryland Wildlife and Heritage Division for assistance throughout this project. -
Plants for Long-Season Bloom
Visit us on the Web: www.gardeninghelp.org Plants for Long-season Bloom The following plants were selected from plants that have displayed a long-season of bloom at the Missouri Botanical Garden based on several years of bloom data. Grasses that hold their flower stalk well into winter are also included. In many cases, only the species or a good, representative cultivar of a species has been included. For example, many cultivars of purple coneflower, Echinacea purpurea are good, long-season bloomers, but only the species has been listed. Grasses* Andropogon gerardii big blue stem Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grass Calamagrostis x acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' feather reed grass Chasmanthium latifolium northern sea oats Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye Eragrostis trichodes sand lovegrass Hakonechloa macra 'Aureola' Japanese forest grass Miscanthus sinensis 'Morning Light' eulalia Panicum virgatum 'Dallas Blues' switch grass Pennisetum alopecuroides 'Hameln' fountain grass Saccharum ravennae plume grass Sporobolus heterolepis prairie dropseed * have persistent flower stalk into winter for long-season appeal Perennials – Full Sun Achillea 'Coronation Gold' yarrow Asclepias tuberosa butterfly weed Aster novae-angliae 'Purple Dome' New England aster Aster oblongifolius aromatic aster Boltonia asteroides var. latisquama 'Snowbank' false aster Callirhoe involucrata purple poppy mallow Dianthus 'Feuerhexe' FIREWITCH cheddar pink Eryngium yuccifolium rattlesnake master Gaura lindheimeri gaura Glandularia canadensis rose verbena Goniolimon tataricum -
Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture
Vascular Plant Species of the Comanche National Grassland in United States Department Southeastern Colorado of Agriculture Forest Service Donald L. Hazlett Rocky Mountain Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-130 June 2004 Hazlett, Donald L. 2004. Vascular plant species of the Comanche National Grassland in southeast- ern Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-130. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 36 p. Abstract This checklist has 785 species and 801 taxa (for taxa, the varieties and subspecies are included in the count) in 90 plant families. The most common plant families are the grasses (Poaceae) and the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Of this total, 513 taxa are definitely known to occur on the Comanche National Grassland. The remaining 288 taxa occur in nearby areas of southeastern Colorado and may be discovered on the Comanche National Grassland. The Author Dr. Donald L. Hazlett has worked as an ecologist, botanist, ethnobotanist, and teacher in Latin America and in Colorado. He has specialized in the flora of the eastern plains since 1985. His many years in Latin America prompted him to include Spanish common names in this report, names that are seldom reported in floristic pub- lications. He is also compiling plant folklore stories for Great Plains plants. Since Don is a native of Otero county, this project was of special interest. All Photos by the Author Cover: Purgatoire Canyon, Comanche National Grassland You may order additional copies of this publication by sending your mailing information in label form through one of the following media. -
Native Plant Guide
Lower Shore Land Trust Native Plant Guide About the Lower Shore Land Trust The Lower Shore Land Trust is a non-profit, charitable organization formed in 1990. Since then, the Lower Shore Land Trust (LSLT) has preserved more than 18,000 acres of land along the Lower Eastern Shore, helping to maintain the character of the region. LSLT ensures that the character of the land and the quality of life it nourishes will remain intact for the benefit and enjoyment of generations to come. As our Lower Shore population grows and land-use pressures intensify, it is increasingly important that we protect our resources, maintain important habitat, and restore degraded habitat where possible. Working with willing landowners to implement conservation easements, the LSLT has critical natural resources and working landscapes throughout Worcester, Wicomico and Somerset counties. Conservation easements can be tailored to the needs and desires of a property owner to control the future use, appearance, and character of the land. Landowners can continue to farm, harvest timber, and hunt, as well as reserve building rights for future use. Conservation Easement Benefits for Landowners • potential federal and state income tax deductions • potential lower estate taxes • fifteen-year real property tax credit on unimproved portions of the easement property Conservation Easement Benefits for Everyone • preserving forests and farmlands has distinct economic and cultural benefits • forests and wetlands maintain water quality, offer buffer protection, and flood control • forests and wetlands, improve air quality • forests, wetlands, and open spaces enhance plant and animal biodiversity • our children and grandchildren will have the opportunity to enjoy these special places just as we have enjoyed them While LSLT generally works to preserve larger land parcels, the importance of habitat and open space can begin in your backyard. -
2016 Catalog
Well-Sweep Herb Farm 2016 Catalog $3.00 ‘Hidcote’ Lavender Hedge & Orange Calendula Helleborus - ‘Peppermint Ice’ Gentiana - ‘Maxima’ Trumpet Gentian Farm Hours Monday - Saturday, 9:00 to 5:00. Closed Sundays and Holidays. Special Openings: Sundays 11 - 4, April 24 - July 31 & December only. The farm is open year-round, but please call before stopping by January - March. Phone: (908) 852-5390 Fax: (908) 852-1649 www.wellsweep.com ‘Judith Hindle’ Pitcher Plant 205 Mount Bethel Rd, Port Murray, New Jersey 07865-4147 ‘Blackcurrant Swirl’ Double Datura Citrus - Calamondin Orange ‘Yellow Trumpet’ ‘Well-Sweep Pitcher Plant Miniature Purple’ Basil ‘Bartzella’ Itoh Peony ‘Tasmanian Angel’ Acanthus ‘King Henry’ Venus Fly Trap Our Sales Area ‘Tomato Soup’ Cone Flower WELCOME To Well-Sweep Herb Farm! Our farm, a family endeavor, is located in the picturesque mountains of Warren County and is home Our Plants to one of the largest collections of herbs and perenni- Our plants are grown naturally, without chemi- als in the country. Germinating from the seed of cal pesticides or fungicides. All plants are shipped prop- handed down tradition and hobby - to a business that erly labeled and well-rooted in three inch pots or quart has flourished, 2016 proclaims our 47th year. containers as noted in the catalog by (Qt.). Weather From around the globe, with a breadth of Acan- permitting, our widest selection of herb plants and pe- thus to Zatar, our selection spans from the familiar rennials are available for purchase around May 15th. and unusual to the rare and exotic. This season we are introducing 76 intriguing new plants to our collection Our News which now tops 1,911 varieties. -
Plants for Slopes (With Photos)
Plants for Slopes Small Trees Shadbush 10-20’ x 5-10’, Part shade/sun Amelanchier species Wet to moderately dry Photos 1,3,5,6- University of Connecticut Plant Database, www.hort.uconn.edu/plants; Photos 2,4- Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder, www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder Eastern Redbud Cercis canadensis 12-25’ Sun/part shade, Moist soil Photos 1, 5- Univ. of Connecticut Plant Database, ww.hort.uconn.edu/plants; Photo 4- Will Cook www.duke.edu/~cwcook/trees/ceca.html; Photos 2,3- North Central Conservation District Flowering Dogwood 15-30’ Cornus florida Part shade, Moist soil. Photos 1, 6- NCCD; Photos 2, 4- Salisbury Univ., www.salisbury.edu/arboretum; Photo 3- UConn Plant Database, www.hort.uconn.edu/plants; Photo 5- MO Botanic PlantFinder, www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder Plants for Slopes Shrubs Red Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia 6-10’ Sun/part shade Wet to dry Photos: Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder New Jersey Tea Ceanothus americanus 2-3’ Part sun/sun, Dry-medium. CT Botanical Society, Janet Novak, http://ct-botanical-society.org/galleries/ceanothusamer.html Sweet Pepperbush Clethra alnifolia 4-8’ Shade/ sun, Med./ wet. Photos: University of CT Plant Database, www.hort.uconn.edu/plants Sweetfern Comptonia peregrina 2-4’ x 4-8’ Sun/light shade, Poor sandy soil. Gray Dogwood Cornus racemosa 10-15’ Spreads by stolons. Shade/ sun, Wet/dry Photos: Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder Redosier Dogwood Cornus sericea 7-9’ Sun/part shade, Medium/wet. Photo 1: Virginia Tech Dept. of Forestry, www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=207, Photos 2 & 3: Univ. -
2015 Plant Sale Species
Shaw Nature Reserve Species List Shaw Wildflower Market May 9, 2015 2015 species list Scientific name Common Name Height Light Soil Achillea millefolium yarrow 3' Sun -pt shade Dry -avg Adiantum pedatum maidenhair fern 2' Shade Dry -avg Ammannia coccinea scarlet toothcup 1' Sun Wet Amorpha fruticosa indigo bush 8-10' Sun Wet Amsonia ciliata feathery bluestar 1' Sun -pt shade Dry -avg Amsonia illustris shining bluestar 3' Sun Wet -dry Amsonia tabernaemontana willow bluestar 2-3' Sun -pt shade Wet -dry Andrachne phyllanthoides Missouri maidenbush 3-5' Sun Dry Andropogon gerardii big bluestem 4-6' Sun Dry -avg Anemone canadensis Canadian anemone 10 -12" Sun -pt shade Wet -avg Anemone virginiana tall anemone 2-3' Sun -pt shade Dry -avg Antennaria neglecta prairie pussytoes 2-3" Sun -pt shade Avg -dry Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine 2-3' Shade -sun Dry -avg Aralia racemosa wild sarsaparilla 3-4' Shade -pt shade Dry -avg Arisaema triphyllum Jack -in -the pulpit 2' Shade Dry -avg Aronia melanocarpa black chokeberry 3-9' Sun -pt shade Wet -dry Aruncus dioicus goatsbeard 4-5' Shade -pt shade Dry -avg Arundinaria gigantea giant cane 6-12' Pt shade Wet -avg Asarum canadense wild ginger 6-8" Shade -pt shade Dry -avg Asclepias hirtella prairie milkweed 2-3' Sun Dry -avg Asclepias incarnata marsh milkweed 3-5' Sun Wet -avg Asclepias purpurascens purple milkweed 3' Sun -pt shade Dry -avg Asclepias sullivantii sullivant's milkweed 3' Sun Wet -avg Asclepias syriaca common milkweed 4-5' Sun Dry -avg Asclepias tuberosa butterfly milkweed 1-2' Sun Dry -
(Verbenaceae) Laura A. Frost a Dissertation Submit
Phylogeny and biogeography of Neotropical flowering plant tribe Citharexyleae (Verbenaceae) Laura A. Frost A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2018 Reading Committee: Richard Olmstead, Chair Caroline Strömberg John Klicka Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Biology ©Copyright 2018 Laura A. Frost University of Washington Abstract Phylogeny and biogeography of Neotropical flowering plant tribe Citharexyleae (Verbenaceae) Laura A. Frost Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Richard Olmstead Biology The New World tropics, or Neotropics, located within tropical latitudes of North and South America, are one of the most diverse ecoregion in the world. However, this diversity is poorly understood in terms of described biodiversity—species numbers are uncertain and collection records are depauperate for many groups distributed in remote locations or dense forest—and patterns of evolution contributing to high diversity—factors underlying speciation in lineages are not well understood. A molecular phylogenetic and systematic study of the Neotropical flowering plant tribe Citharexyleae in the Verbena family (Verbenaceae), which also originated and diversified primarily in the Neotropics, was undertaken in order to describe diversity and understand patterns of evolution in an understudied Neotropical lineage. Chapter 1 comprises a systematic study of tribe Citharexyleae, which describes relationships between the three genera in the tribe (Baillonia (1 species), Citharexylum (ca. 70 species), and Rehdera (2 species)) as well as relationships within Citharexylum, the largest genus. Baillonia is included in Citharexylum and Rehdera is retained distinct. A subgeneric classification including six subgenera system is proposed for Citharexylum, and morphological characters associated with each major clade described.