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Home , Chamaecrista fasciculata, Coreopsis tripteris, Elymus canadensis, Heliopsis, Heliopsis helianthoides, Heterolepis

Prairie Restoration Project

E. Ashley Bair and Ana Locci Case Western Reserve University Summer 2007 species planted during June 2006 Bouteloua curtipendula Side-oats Grama

¾ Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family ¾ Foliage is Blue-green in color ¾ Bright purple ¾ Height: 12-40 inches

USDA NRCS Plants Database scoparium Little Bluestem

¾Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family Poaceae ¾Also called alkali grass or desert saltgrass ¾Flat, hairless bluish- green to reddish-brown in color ¾Fluffy white seeds ¾Height: 1-5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Wildflowers and Grasses Plants Database http://www.lib.ksu.edu/wildflower/ canadensis Nodding Wild Rye

¾Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family Poaceae ¾Tufted at the base ¾Spikes curve when blooms open ¾Long, spear-like leaves which are green on the top surface, bluish on the bottom surface ¾3-5 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses http://www.lib.ksu.edu/wildflower/ nutans Indian Grass

¾Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family Poaceae ¾ blades are up to 24 inches long, tapering to a narrow base ¾Seed heads are yellowish to reddish-brown with reddish- brown hairs ¾3-7 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database gerardii Big Bluestem

¾Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family Poaceae ¾Bluish-purple stem base ¾Leaf blades are 6-24 inches long, rough on the upper surface and hairy near the stem ¾Seed heads have three spike-like projections ¾2-6 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database fasciculata Partridge Pea

¾Class Magnoliopsida •Order • Family ¾Leaf blades 1-4 inches long with 6-15 pairs of leaflets. Leaflets are smooth with hairs on the edges and may be blunt or pointed ¾Flowers are yellow with reddish bases ¾1-4 feet tall USDA NRCS Plants Database heterolepis Dropseed

¾Class Liliopsida • Order Cyperales • Family Poaceae ¾Grows in bunches ¾Leaves are slender and can be green to golden ¾Flowers are rust-colored ¾Seed heads may have the scent of popcorn, cilantro, or sunflower seeds seeds USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾1-4 feet tall Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order • Family ¾Also known as Black Sampson Echinace ¾Leaves are long lances, getting progressively smaller up the stem ¾Flowers are light pink to purple, with a central egg- shaped yellowish to purplish disk ¾Stems are erect, 12-24 inches tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database helianthoides Ox Eye Sunflower

¾Class Magnoliopsida USDA NRCS Plants Database • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect, unbranching, and rough ¾Leaves are 2-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide with a pointed tip ¾Dark yellow flowers ¾2-5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asclepiadaceae ¾Stem is erect with leaves from the base to the ¾Leaves are 2-4 inches long and narrow ¾Flowers are bright orange, yellow, or red ¾1-2 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Eryngium yuccifolium Rattlesnake Master

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Apiales • Family Apiaceae ¾Also called rattlesnake master or button eryngo ¾Stem is erect and waxy, blue-green in ¾Leaves are 4-32 inches long and narrow with parallel veins. ¾Flowers are small, whitish, and spiny ¾2-3 feet tall USDA NRCS Plants Database pinnata Grey-Headed Coneflower

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Crushed seed heads smell of ¾Disk heads begin gray, but turn brown when flower opens ¾3-5 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Aster novae-angliae New England Aster

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stout, hairy stem ¾Lance-shaped leaves grow all the way up the stem ¾Flowers are yellow at the center with purple, rose, or white rays ¾Up to 4 feet tall tripteris Tall Coreopsis

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Foliage is lanced, up to 6 inches long, and smells of anise ¾Flowers are 2 inches wide, yellow , brown centers ¾6-8 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order • Family Lamiaceae ¾Stem is branched ¾Leaves are lanced to oval, 1- 4 inches long, less than 1.5 inches wide, hairy to smooth on upper surface, hairy on lower surface, toothed with pointed tips ¾Flower is lavender, 2 lipped, USDA NRCS Plants Database up to 1.5 inches long ¾1-3 feet tall terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is smooth and colored green to red ¾Flower is yellow, 2-3 inches long, with 15-30 florets ¾Large, rough leaves, up to 18 inches long and 12 inches USDA NRCS Plants Database wide with dark green upper surface Silphium trifoliatum Whorled Rosinweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales – Family Asteraceae

USDA NRCS Plants Database hastata Blue Vervain

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Lamiales ¾Family ¾Stem is erect, may be branching, rough and hairy ¾Leaves are lanced to oval, 2- 7 inches long, sharply toothed with a green upper surface and green, hairy lower surface ¾Flowers are very small and bluish-purple ¾2-7 feet tall ¾Observe Third of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Ascelpias syriaca Common Milkweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Gentianales • Family Ascelpiadaceae ¾Also called Milk plant, Wild asparagus, Silkweed, and Wild cotton. ¾Produces white latex when broken

¾Stem is erect and hairy USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾Leaves are broad ovals or lances, dark green in color with a red main vein ¾Flowers are small and may be pink or light purple ¾2-5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July grosseserratus Sawtooth Sunflower

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect and may be branching and is often has a purple tint ¾Long lanced leaves, 4-12 inches long and 1-4 inches wide with a rough upper surface and soft lower surface and serrated margins ¾Flowers have 10-20 yellow ray florets and a golden-yellow disk florets. ¾3-12 feet tall USDA NRCS Plants Database Lespedeza capitata Roundheaded Bushclover

¾Class Magnoliopsida •Order Fabales • Family Fabaceae ¾Stem is erect, unbranched, and vary leafy with soft, silver hairs ¾Leaves are 1-2 inches long, very narrow and may be hairy ¾Small flowers, white or cream in color with a reddish purple base.

USDA NRCS Plants Database subtomentosa Sweet Black-eyed Susan

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stems are erect and branching ¾Leaves are 3 lobed and toothed ¾Flowers have a purplish- brown disk and yellow florets USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾Over 3 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July Rudbeckia triloba Brown-eyed Susan

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect, may be branched, and hairy ¾Leaves are toothed, and lower leaves may have 3 lobes ¾Flowers are up to 2 inches long and have brown or dark orange disks and yellow ray florets ¾Up to 5 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Silphium integrifolium Rosinweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect, stiff, rough, and may branch ¾Leaves are ovate, 2-6 inches long, 1-2.5 inches wide with velvety underside ¾Flower has a yellow disk and 15-34 ray florets 1-2 inches long in a lighter yellow ¾2-5 feet tall

Illinois State Museum rigida Stiff Goldenrod

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect and stout, leafy, and rough or hairy ¾Leaves are broad, thick and rough lances or ovals, 2-10 inches long and 1-4 inches wide ¾Flowers are about 3/8 inch wide; firm and rounded ¾1-5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Foxglove Beardtongue

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Scrophulariales •Family ¾Stems are erect and somewhat branching ¾Leaves are various in shape and length USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾Flowers are white and glandular, tubular in shape ¾Up to 3 feet tall Black-eyed Susan

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Stem is erect and very branched ¾Leaves are finely toothed and vary in size in shape ¾Flowers have a dark purple to brownish disk with eight to twenty yellow-orange ray florets ¾1-3 feet tall ¾Observe July Vernonia altissima Tall Ironweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Leaves are lance shaped, finely tooth with fuzzy underside, up to 10 inches long ¾Flowers are tiny, reddish- USDA NRCS Plants Database pink, with 13-30 flowers per head siphilitica Great Lobelia

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Campanulales •Family ¾Erect, stiff stem with milky sap ¾Leaves are toothed lances, about 1 inch wide and up to 6 inches long ¾Flowers are tubular, light purple to blue ¾1-3 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database virginicum Culver’s Root

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Scrophulariales •Family Scrophulariaceae ¾Stems are erect and may branch ¾Whorled leaves (usually 4 or 5 at a node), lanced, up to 5 inches long ¾Flowers are white or pinkish and tiny, globular on a cone- shaped head ¾Up to 6 feet tall

USDA NRCS Plants Database Existing Prairie Plants

Summer 2007 Daucus carota Queen Anne’s Lace

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Apiales • Family Apiaceae ¾Also called wild carrot, bishop’s lace, and ’s nest ¾Leaves are deeply lobed and fernlike ¾Umbels of white or pink flowers with a single red or dark purple flower at the center ¾Up to 5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July Plantago lanceolata English Plantain

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Lamiales • Family ¾Erect stem with milky sap ¾Leaves are toothed lances, about 1 inch wide and up to 8 inches long ¾Oblong flower head with tiny greenish-white flowers ¾Up to 2 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Cirsium sp. Thistle

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Leaves are deeply lobed and hairy with sharp spines ¾Flower is purple with a large, spiny green base ¾Up to 6.5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July USDA NRCS Plants Database Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Leaves are basal and sharply lobed ¾Bright yellow flower head ¾Stem is milky when crushed ¾Up to 15 inches tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Oxalis europaea Yellow Wood Sorrel

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Oxalidales • Family Oxalidaceae ¾Foliage is divided into three heart-shaped leaflets ¾Flowers are small and yellow ¾4-6 inches tall ¾Observed third week of July USDA NRCS Plants Database acris Tall Buttercup

¾Class • Order • Family Ranunculus ¾Foliage is somewhat hairy ¾Flowers are small and yellow with five overlapping petals above 5 green which turn yellow in a mature flower USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾1-3 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July Lepidium virginicum Common Peppergrass

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Brassicales • Family Brassicaceae ¾Leaves are lances with large teeth ¾Several small white flowers give a bottlebrush appearance ¾Has a peppery taste ¾Up to 2 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info Hieracium sp. Hawkweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Leaves oblong, hairy, and basal ¾Flowers are yellow or orange ¾Stem stalk is upright and leafless ¾Up to 2 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database Vernonia altissima Tall Ironweed

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Asterales • Family Asteraceae ¾Leaves are lanceolate with a hairy underside, 6-10 inches long ¾Flowers are small and purple ¾6 feet tall USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾Observed third week of July Viola sp. Violet

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Malpighiales • Family Violaceae ¾Leaves are alternate, heart shaped ¾Flowers are small and purple with 5 separated petals ¾Up to 7-8 inches tall USDA NRCS Plants Database ¾Observed third week of July Rumex obtusifolius Bitter Dock

¾Class Magnoliopsida • Order Caryophyllales • Family Polygonaceae ¾Leaves are heart shaped and toothed with reddish veins ¾Flowers are small and red to green on upright stalks ¾Up to 5 feet tall ¾Observed third week of July

http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info Poa sp. Bluegrass

Class Liliopsida • Order • Family Poaceae ¾Leaves are narrow and can be folded or flat with a basal sheeth ¾Observed third week of July

USDA NRCS Plants Database