Genetic Diversity and Phylogeny in Hystrix (Poaceae, Triticeae) and Related Genera Inferred from Giemsa C-Banded Karyotypes
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Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by NRCS and Cooperators Through December 2014
Natural Resources Conservation Service Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by Plant Materials Program NRCS and Cooperators through December 2014 Page intentionally left blank. Natural Resources Conservation Service Plant Materials Program Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by NRCS and Cooperators Through December 2014 Norman A. Berg Plant Materials Center 8791 Beaver Dam Road Building 509, BARC-East Beltsville, Maryland 20705 U.S.A. Phone: (301) 504-8175 prepared by: Julie A. DePue Data Manager/Secretary [email protected] John M. Englert Plant Materials Program Leader [email protected] January 2015 Visit our Website: http://Plant-Materials.nrcs.usda.gov TABLE OF CONTENTS Topics Page Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Types of Plant Materials Releases ........................................................................................................................2 Sources of Plant Materials ....................................................................................................................................3 NRCS Conservation Plants Released in 2013 and 2014 .......................................................................................4 Complete Listing of Conservation Plants Released through December 2014 ......................................................6 Grasses ......................................................................................................................................................8 -
Transferring of the Biological Nitrification Inhibition (BNI) Character from Leymus Racemosus to Wheat
Transferring of the biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) character from Leymus racemosus to wheat Kishii M1, Ban T2, Subbarao GV3, Ortiz-Monasterio I1 1CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center) Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, D.F., Mexico, 2Kihara biology Institute Yokohama City University Maiokacho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi 244- 0813 Japan, 3Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0035, Japan ABSTRACT MATERIALS AND METHODS Biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is a character that may result in a reduction of emissions of nitrous Plant materials oxide (N O), a green house gas that has more than 300 2 Two varieties of bread wheat, Chinese Spring (CS) and times the warming power of CO as well as other forms 2, Nobeokabouzu, were used for the study. One accession of N which are lost to the environment. The BNI of Leymus racemosus (Lam.) Tzvelev was collected character has not been found in the three major crops; along the Black Sea coast (accession number HT15405) wheat, rice and maize. However, Leymus racemosus, and has maintained as clones. The L. racemosus alien species of wheat, has shown high BNI capacity. chromosome addition or substitution lines were One of L. racemosus chromosome addition lines of produced in Tottori University, Japan (Kishii et al. 2004) wheat, Lr#n chromosome addition line, expressed about or provided from the Wheat Genetic and Genomic 80% of BNI character of L. racemosus, showing that Resources Center (WGGRC), Kansas State University BNI can be transferred into a wheat background. Two (Qi et al. 1998). Chinese Spring monosomic 3B, 5B, other addition lines showed higher levels of BNI than and 7B lines (2n=41) and ph1b line have been the parental wheat line. -
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
Elytrigia and Elymus (Agropyron)
Plant Crib ELYTRIGIA AND ELYMUS (AGROPYRON) 1. General There are number of problems which can cause confusion in these genera, though the species are themselves usually quite distinct. i) Changes in nomenclature. The current names and recent synonymy are as follows: Elymus caninus (L.) L. (Agropyron caninum) Elytrigia atherica (Link) Kerguélen ex Carreras Mart. (Elymus pycnanthus; Agropyron pungens) Elytrigia juncea (L.) Nevski (Elymus farctus; Agropyron junciforme) Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski (Elymus repens; Agropyron repens) Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. (Elymus arenarius) ii) Plants with awns. Plants of Elytrigia repens with awns are quite common and tend to be recorded as Elymus caninus by the unwary (when the florets of the latter drop or are pulled off, the two glumes stay attached to the stem, but come off with the floret in Elytrigia repens). Elytrigia atherica may also have awns. iii) Both Elytrigia repens and E. atherica may grow on saltmarshes and adjacent banks, especially in the north, and are frequently confused by the unwary if it is assumed only the latter occurs on saltmarshes. iv) Hybrids may be locally frequent near the coast (e.g. E. ´ drucei seems to be much more common in Cumbria than E. atherica, which may not occur at all; Halliday 1997). When the jizz of the parents is known, hybrids can be picked out as intermediate from a few metres away. v) The hairs on the margins of the leaf sheaths may rub off late in the season. In the following rather unsatisfactory key (updated from Wigginton & Graham 1981) an attempt has been made to key out the hybrids, which as a rule have empty anthers. -
CWR in Breeding of Crops in Iceland
The use of CWR in breeding of crops and trees in Iceland Guðni Þorvaldsson What am I going to talk about? • The Icelandic Flora • Agriculture in Iceland during the ages • Import of plants to Iceland • Conservation of Icelandic plant material • Use of wild plants in breeding The Icelandic flora • Around 490 vascular plants grow wild in Iceland – 300 dicots – 150 monocots – 40 fern species and gymnosperms Origin of our species • Native species (before settlement of Iceland) • Some species came with the settlers • New species have been brought to Iceland since the settlement, especially during the last 100 years • Most of our species are also found in Norway Variation in climate • The climate was favourable in the first 400 years after the settlement • The next five hundred years were colder • It became warmer again after 1920 The first agriculture • The settlers started with similar agriculture as they practised in their home countries • They protected field area around the farm houses for cultivation of grass and barley • The area beyond the protected area was used for grazing • Cows were relatively large part of the total number of livestock Agriculture the following ages • Proportion between sheep and cows changed. Sheep increased but cows decreased • Cultivation of grain ceased • Knowledge in cultivation of plants diminished Import of plants • The settlers • Import 1600-1800 – Vísi Gísli (Gísli Magnússon, 1621-1696) – Björn Halldórsson (1724-1794) in Sauðlauksdalur – Danish farmers (around 1750) Import from 1800 - 1900 • The period 1831 -
Links Between Genetic Groups, Indole Alkaloid Profiles and Ecology Within the Grass-Parasitic Claviceps Purpurea Species Complex
Toxins 2015, 7, 1431-1456; doi:10.3390/toxins7051431 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins Article Links between Genetic Groups, Indole Alkaloid Profiles and Ecology within the Grass-Parasitic Claviceps purpurea Species Complex Mariell Negård 1,2, Silvio Uhlig 1,3, Håvard Kauserud 2, Tom Andersen 2, Klaus Høiland 2 and Trude Vrålstad 1,2,* 1 Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway; E-Mails: [email protected] (M.N.); [email protected] (S.U.) 2 Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; E-Mails: [email protected] (H.K.); [email protected] (T.A.); [email protected] (K.H.) 3 Department of the Chemical and Biological Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +47-2321-6247. Academic Editor: Christopher L. Schardl Received: 3 January 2015 / Accepted: 22 April 2015 / Published: 28 April 2015 Abstract: The grass parasitic fungus Claviceps purpurea sensu lato produces sclerotia with toxic indole alkaloids. It constitutes several genetic groups with divergent habitat preferences that recently were delimited into separate proposed species. We aimed to 1) analyze genetic variation of C. purpurea sensu lato in Norway, 2) characterize the associated indole alkaloid profiles, and 3) explore relationships between genetics, alkaloid chemistry and ecology. Approximately 600 sclerotia from 14 different grass species were subjected to various analyses including DNA sequencing and HPLC-MS. -
Taxonomy and Phylogeny in Triticeae: a Historical Review and Current Status
Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research Review Article Open Access Taxonomy and phylogeny in Triticeae: a historical review and current status Abstract Volume 3 Issue 5 - 2016 The Triticeae is an economically important tribe within the Poaceae. Because a number of cereal crops and forage grasses belong to the tribe it has attracted much scientific Mohannad G Al–Saghir attention covering many species: taxonomy, phylogeny, genetics, cytogenetic, genome Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio analyses (crossing ability and chromosome pairing), isoenzymes, molecular biology University, USA (RFLP, RAPD, PCR sequencing) and breeding. This paper contains a brief historical outline of the taxonomy of the tribe. Phylogenetic hypotheses regarding this tribe Correspondence: Mohannad G Al–Saghir, Department of inferred from different methods, techniques and approaches, are reviewed. The Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Zanesville, different phylogenies are discussed and compared and conflicts are elucidated. Ohio, USA, Email al–[email protected] Keywords: triticeae, phylogeny, taxonomy, poaceae, perennial species, durum Received: April 23, 2016 | Published: May 10, 2016 wheat, phylogenies, genetic diversity, cytogenetics, molecular biology, chromosomes, perennial, caespitose, thizomatous species Introduction as cited above. We can therefore conclude that the most appropriate outgroup for the tribe will be Bromus. The tribe Triticeae Dum is economically the most important tribe in the grass family (Poaceae). It encompasses between 350 and 500 Definition annual or perennial species,1–3 including the important cereal crops wheat (Triticum aestivium L.), durum wheat (T. turgidum sup. durum The Triticeae encompasses annual and perennial, caespitose or (Desf. MacKay) barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rye (Secale cereal L.) thizomatous species. -
Genome Analysis of South American Elymus (Triticeae) and Leymus (Triticeae) Species Based on Variation in Repeated Nucleotide Sequences
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Genome analysis of South American Elymus (Triticeae) and Leymus (Triticeae) species based on variation in repeated nucleotide sequences. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/54w48156 Journal Genome, 40(4) ISSN 0831-2796 Authors Dubcovsky, J Schlatter, AR Echaide, M Publication Date 1997-08-01 DOI 10.1139/g97-067 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Genome analysis of South American Elymus (Triticeae) and Leymus (Triticeae) species based on variation in repeated nucleotide sequences Jorge DU~COVS~~,A.R. Schlatter, and M. Echaide Abstract: Variation in repeated nucleotide sequences (RNSs) at the level of entire families assayed by Southern blot hybridization is remarkably low within species and is a powerful tool for scrutinizing the origin of allopolyploid taxa. Thirty-one clones from RNSs isolated from different Triticeae genera were used to investigate the genome constitution of South American Elymus. One of these clones, pHch2, preferentially hybridized with the diploid H genome Hordeum species. Hybridization of this clone with a worldwide collection of Elymus species with known genome formulas showed that pHch2 clearly discriminates Elymus species with the H genome (StH, StHH, StStH, and StHY) from those with other genome combinations (Sty, StStY, StPY, and StP). Hybridization with pHch2 indicates the presence of the H genome in all South American Elymus species except Elymus erianthus and Elymus mendocinus. Hybridization with additional clones that revealed differential restriction fragments (marker bands) for the H genome confirmed the absence of the H genome in these species. Differential restriction fragments for the NS genome of Psathyrostachys were detected in E. -
Soil Ecology of the Exotic Dune Grass Leymus Arenarius
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Soil ecology of the exotic dune grass Leymus arenarius. Matthew L. Reid University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Botany Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Reid, Matthew L., "Soil ecology of the exotic dune grass Leymus arenarius." (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2995. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2995 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SOIL ECOLOGY OF THE EXOTIC DUNE GRASS LEYMUS ARENARIUS By Matthew L. Reid B.A. Hendrix College, 2009 M.S. University of Louisiana at Monroe, 2013 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Department of Biology University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2018 SOIL ECOLOGY OF THE EXOTIC DUNE GRASS LEYMUS ARENARIUS By Matthew L. Reid B.A. Hendrix College, 2009 M.S. University -
Beardless Wildrye (Leymus Triticoides) Plant Guide
Plant Guide reptiles, rodents and other small mammals (McAdoo et BEARDLESS WILDRYE al., 2006; Olson, 2001). Leymus triticoides (Buckl.) Pilger Ethnobotanical: Beardless wildrye seed was used Plant Symbol = LETR5 historically by Native Americans as meal, or pinole (Chesnut, 1902). Contributed by: USDA NRCS Lockeford Plant Materials Center, California & Bridger Plant Materials Center, Status Montana Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g., threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values). Description General: Grass Family (Poaceae). Beardless wildrye is a cool-season, perennial, sod-forming native grass. It grows 18 to 51 inches tall (45-130 cm) and is strongly rhizomatous (Hickman, 1993). Stems are usually smooth, but are occasionally hairy. Leaf blades are green to blue- green, stiff and flat early in the growth season, becoming rolled later in the year, and are 0.1 to 0.2 inch wide (2.5-4 mm). The spike is narrow and 2 to 7.9 inches long (5-20 cm), with typically two or more spikelets occurring per node, except for occasional single spikelets near the top. Photo by Anna Young-Mathews, Lockeford PMC Glumes and lemmas are sharp pointed, and lemmas are Alternate Names generally tipped with an approximately 0.1 inch (3 mm) Creeping wildrye, alkali ryegrass, valley wild rye, Elymus awn. triticoides Identification: Beardless wildrye hybridizes with Leymus Uses condensatus, L. mollis and L. cinereus. It may be Beardless wildrye is primarily used for soil stabilization, confused with western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) especially along channel or river banks, and for wildlife due to their similar habitat and growth habit (OSU habitat in wetland and riparian plantings. -
1501 Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Psathyrostachys Nevski (Poaceae
AJCS 5(12):1501-1507 (2011) ISSN:1835-2707 Taxonomic revision of the genus Psathyrostachys Nevski (Poaceae: Triticeae) in Turkey Evren Cabi 1*, Musa Do ğan 2, Ersin Karabacak 3 1Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 25240, Erzurum, TURKEY 2Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, 06531, Ankara, TURKEY 3Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, 17020, Çanakkale, TURKEY *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract In this study, the genus Psathyrostachys Nevski is revised in Turkey. Furthermore multivariate analysis have been carried out in order to understand the delimitation of the taxa of Psathyrostachys. For this reason, 20 quantitative, qualitative and multi-state morphological characters were scored for the accessions representing 10 populations of the genus. The data were subjected to numerical taxonomic analysis. The results showed that the genus is represented by 3 species one of which is new species and the other one is a new record for Turkey. An account of 3 species and 4 subspecies recognized in the genus is given including the genus description, a key for the species as well as the subspecies, species descriptions, flowering times, habitats, altitudes, type citations, distributions, phytogeography and their conservation status. However, three new taxa, namely P. narmanica sp. nov ., P. fragilis subsp. artvinense subsp. nov. and P. daghestanica subsp erzurumica subsp. nov. are described and illustrated for the first time. Keywords: Poaceae, Psathyrostachys , revision, Turkey. Introduction The genus Psathyrostachys Nevski (Poaceae; Triticeae) is a anatomical studies have also been done on certain grass small, well-defined, perennial genus comprising only eight genera (Do ğan, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997; Cabi and Do ğan, species (Baden 1991). -
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area
Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons Stanwyn G. Shetler Sylvia Stone Orli Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 MAP OF THE CHECKLIST AREA Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of the Washington - Baltimore Area Part II Monocotyledons by Stanwyn G. Shetler and Sylvia Stone Orli Department of Systematic Biology Botany Section National Museum of Natural History 2002 Botany Section, Department of Systematic Biology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0166 Cover illustration of Canada or nodding wild rye (Elymus canadensis L.) from Manual of the Grasses of the United States by A. S. Hitchcock, revised by Agnes Chase (1951). iii PREFACE The first part of our Annotated Checklist, covering the 2001 species of Ferns, Fern Allies, Gymnosperms, and Dicotyledons native or naturalized in the Washington-Baltimore Area, was published in March 2000. Part II covers the Monocotyledons and completes the preliminary edition of the Checklist, which we hope will prove useful not only in itself but also as a first step toward a new manual for the identification of the Area’s flora. Such a manual is needed to replace the long- outdated and out-of-print Flora of the District of Columbia and Vicinity of Hitchcock and Standley, published in 1919. In the preparation of this part, as with Part I, Shetler has been responsible for the taxonomy and nomenclature and Orli for the database. As with the first part, we are distributing this second part in preliminary form, so that it can be used, criticized, and updated while the two parts are being readied for publication as a single volume.