Ruth Messinger: Empowering the Community
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Families of Backsliding Democracies: Unhappy in Their Own Way?
Working draft – do not cite Families of Backsliding Democracies: Unhappy in their own way? Mordechai Kemnitzer and Yuval Shany (with assistance by Oded Ron), The paper, which is part of a broader project studying the mechanics and root causes of democratic backsliding and their possible relevance for Israeli democracy, explores similarities and differences between specific legislative and administrative measures taken or contemplated in three clusters of states, which could conceivably be presented on a spectrum of backsliding from liberal democracy – (1) Poland and Hungary – two EU member states that retain democratic institutions, but whose governments have been able to change significantly the balance of power between branches of government and to decrease the space available to criticism and opposition to government policies and to certain conservative values supported by the government (such countries are sometime regarded as illiberal or anti-liberal democracies); (2) Israel - a state which retains democratic institutions, but where elements in government have been attempting, with partial success, to change the balance of power between the branches of government and to curb criticism and opposition; and (3) Turkey, Russia and Venezuela – states that preserve some democratic institutions but no longer allow meaningfully competitive elections, practice open repression against political opponents and have left very little civic space for criticism and dissent. The present paper focuses only on comparing certain measures taken in the first two clusters of countries and presents some tentative conclusions about democratic backsliding in the three states. Our concern in this paper is not with the overall assessment of the situation in backsliding democracies, or on studying the populist ideology inspiring and, at times, facilitating the backsliding. -
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev the Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research the Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies Evolution of settlement typologies in rural Israel Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of "Master of Science" By: Keren Shalev November, 2016 “Human settlements are a product of their community. They are the most truthful expression of a community’s structure, its expectations, dreams and achievements. A settlement is but a symbol of the community and the essence of its creation. ”D. Bar Or” ~ III ~ תקציר למשבר הדיור בישראל השלכות מרחיקות לכת הן על המרחב העירוני והן על המרחב הכפרי אשר עובר תהליכי עיור מואצים בעשורים האחרונים. ישובים כפריים כגון קיבוצים ומושבים אשר התבססו בעבר בעיקר על חקלאות, מאבדים מאופיים הכפרי ומייחודם המקורי ומקבלים צביון עירוני יותר. נופי המרחב הכפרי הישראלי נעלמים ומפנים מקום לשכונות הרחבה פרבריות סמי- עירוניות, בעוד זהותה ודמותה הייחודית של ישראל הכפרית משתנה ללא היכר. תופעת העיור המואץ משפיעה לא רק על נופים כפריים, אלא במידה רבה גם על מרחבים עירוניים המפתחים שכונות פרבריות עם בתים צמודי קרקע על מנת להתחרות בכוח המשיכה של ישובים כפריים ולמשוך משפחות צעירות חזקות. כתוצאה מכך, סובלים המרחבים העירוניים, הסמי עירוניים והכפריים מאובדן המבנה והזהות המקוריים שלהם והשוני ביניהם הולך ומיטשטש. על אף שהנושא מעלה לא מעט סוגיות תכנוניות חשובות ונחקר רבות בעולם, מעט מאד מחקר נעשה בנושא בישראל. מחקר מקומי אשר בוחן את תהליכי העיור של המרחב הכפרי דרך ההיסטוריה והתרבות המקומית ולוקח בחשבון את התנאים המקומיים המשתנים, מאפשר התבוננות ואבחנה מדויקים יותר על ההשלכות מרחיקות הלכת. על מנת להתגבר על הבסיס המחקרי הדל בנושא, המחקר הנוכחי החל בבניית בסיס נתונים רחב של 84 ישובים כפריים (קיבוצים, מושבים וישובים קהילתיים( ומצייר תמונה כללית על תהליכי העיור של המרחב הכפרי ומאפייניה. -
The Tunnels in Gaza February 2015 the Tunnels in Gaza Testimony Before the UN Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict Dr
Dr. Eado Hecht 1 The Tunnels in Gaza February 2015 The Tunnels in Gaza Testimony before the UN Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict Dr. Eado Hecht The list of questions is a bit repetitive so I have decided to answer not directly to each question but in a comprehensive topical manner. After that I will answer specifically a few of the questions that deserve special emphasis. At the end of the text is an appendix of photographs, diagrams and maps. Sources of Information 1. Access to information on the tunnels is limited. 2. I am an independent academic researcher and I do not have access to information that is not in the public domain. All the information is based on what I have gleaned from unclassified sources that have appeared in the public media over the years – listing them is impossible. 3. The accurate details of the exact location and layout of all the tunnels are known only by the Hamas and partially by Israeli intelligence services and the Israeli commanders who fought in Gaza last summer. 4. Hamas, in order not to reveal its secrets to the Israelis, has not released almost any information on the tunnels themselves except in the form of psychological warfare intended to terrorize Israeli civilians or eulogize its "victory" for the Palestinians: the messages being – the Israelis did not get all the tunnels and we are digging more and see how sophisticated our tunnel- digging operation is. These are carefully sanitized so as not to reveal information on locations or numbers. -
Israel 2019 International Religious Freedom Report
ISRAEL 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary This section covers Israel, including Jerusalem. In December 2017, the United States recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. It is the position of the United States that the specific boundaries of Israeli sovereignty in Jerusalem are subject to final status negotiations between the parties. The Palestinian Authority (PA) exercises no authority over Jerusalem. In March 2019, the United States recognized Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights. A report on the West Bank and Gaza, including areas subject to the jurisdiction of the PA, is appended at the end of this report. The country’s laws and Supreme Court rulings protect the freedoms of conscience, faith, religion, and worship, regardless of an individual’s religious affiliation, and the 1992 “Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty” protects additional individual rights. In 2018, the Knesset passed the “Basic Law: Israel – The Nation State of the Jewish People.” According to the government, that “law determines, among other things, that the Land of Israel is the historical homeland of the Jewish people; the State of Israel is the nation state of the Jewish People, in which it realizes its natural, cultural, religious and historical right to self-determination; and exercising the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People.” The government continued to allow controlled access to religious sites, including the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif (the site containing the foundation of the first and second Jewish temple and the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque). -
The Struggle for Hegemony in Jerusalem Secular and Ultra-Orthodox Urban Politics
THE FLOERSHEIMER INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES The Struggle for Hegemony in Jerusalem Secular and Ultra-Orthodox Urban Politics Shlomo Hasson Jerusalem, October 2002 Translator: Yoram Navon Principal Editor: Shunamith Carin Preparation for Print: Ruth Lerner Printed by: Ahva Press, Ltd. ISSN 0792-6251 Publication No. 4/12e © 2002, The Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies, Ltd. 9A Diskin Street, Jerusalem 96440 Israel Tel. 972-2-5666243; Fax. 972-2-5666252 [email protected] www.fips.org.il 2 About the Author Shlomo Hasson - Professor of Geography at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and deputy director of The Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. About the Research This book reviews the struggle for hegemony in Jerusalem between secular and ultra-orthodox (haredi) Jews. It examines the democratic deficit in urban politics formed by the rise of the haredi minority to power, and proposes ways to rectify this deficit. The study addresses the following questions: What are the characteristics of the urban democratic deficit? How did the haredi minority become a leading political force in the city? What are the implications of the democratic deficit from the perspective of the various cultural groups? What can be done in view of the fact that the non-haredi population is not only under-represented but also feels threatened and prejudiced by urban politics initiated by the city council? About the Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies In recent years the importance of policy-oriented research has been increasingly acknowledged. Dr. Stephen H. Floersheimer initiated the establishment of a research institute that would concentrate on studies of long- range policy issues. -
B'tselem and Hamoked Report: One Big Prison
One Big Prison Freedom of Movement to and from the Gaza Strip on the Eve of the Disengagement Plan March 2005 One Big Prison Freedom of Movement to and from the Gaza Strip on the Eve of the Disengagement Plan March 2005 Researched and written by Yehezkel Lein Data coordination by Najib Abu Rokaya, Ariana Baruch, Reem ‘Odeh, Shlomi Swissa Fieldwork by Musa Abu Hashhash, Iyad Haddad, Zaki Kahil, Karim Jubran, Mazen al-Majdalawi, ‘Abd al-Karim S’adi Assistance on legal issues by Yossi Wolfson Translated by Zvi Shulman, Shaul Vardi Edited by Rachel Greenspahn Cover photo: Palestinians wait for relatives at Rafah Crossing (Muhammad Sallem, Reuters) ISSN 0793-520X B’TSELEM - The Israeli Center for Human Rights HaMoked: Center for the Defence of in the Occupied Territories was founded in 1989 by a the Individual, founded by Dr. Lotte group of lawyers, authors, academics, journalists, and Salzberger is an Israeli human rights Knesset members. B’Tselem documents human rights organization founded in 1988 against the abuses in the Occupied Territories and brings them to backdrop of the first intifada. HaMoked is the attention of policymakers and the general public. Its designed to guard the rights of Palestinians, data are based on independent fieldwork and research, residents of the Occupied Territories, official sources, the media, and data from Palestinian whose liberties are violated as a result of and Israeli human rights organizations. Israel's policies. Introduction “The only thing missing in Gaza is a morning Since the beginning of the occupation, line-up,” said Abu Majid, who spent ten Palestinians traveling from the Gaza Strip to years in Israeli prisons, to Israeli journalist Egypt through the Rafah crossing have needed Amira Hass in 1996.1 This sarcastic comment a permit from Israel. -
The Twentieth Knesset
Unofficial Translation Internal Number: 578022 The Twentieth Knesset Initiators: Knesset Members David Bitan Uri Maklev Yoav Ben-Tzur Bezalel Smotrich Yoav Kish Eli Cohen Sharren Haskel Robert Ilatov Yair Lapid Nava Boker Nissan Slomiansky Avi Dichter Yaakov Peri Meir Cohen Makhlouf “Miki” Zohar Anat Berko Nurit Koren Mickey Levy Aliza Lavie ______________________________________________________ P/20/2808 Bill for the Entry into Israel Law (Amendment – Cancellation of Visa and Permanent Residence Permits of Terrorists and their Families after their Participation in Terrorist Activities) – 2016 [5776] Amendment of Article 11 1. In Article 11 of the Entry into Israel Law of 19521 [5712], the following should be stipulated after sub-section (b): 1 Statutes Book of the [Hebrew] year 5712 [extends from 1 October 1951 until 19 September 1952], Page 146. Unofficial Translation “(c) Without undermining what was mentioned in sub-section (a), the Minister of the Interior is entitled to cancel the visa and permanent residence permit of any person who commits a terrorist act (as defined by this law) against the State of Israel and its citizens; provided that he would not cancel any visa or permanent residence permit before giving the person the chance to plead and state his/her claims before him. (d) Without undermining what was mentioned in sub-section (a), the Minister of the Interior is entitled to cancel the visa or permanent residence permit of the relative of a person who performs a terrorist act or contributes to it (whether through an act or by knowledge) before, during or after the undertaking of that act; provided that the Minister would not cancel any visa or permanent residence permit before giving the terrorist’s relative the chance to plead and state his/her claims before him. -
Knights for Israel Honored at Camera Gala 2018 a Must-See Film
Editorials ..................................... 4A Op-Ed .......................................... 5A Calendar ...................................... 6A Scene Around ............................. 9A Synagogue Directory ................ 11A JTA News Briefs ........................ 13A WWW.HERITAGEFL.COM YEAR 42, NO. 40 JUNE 8, 2018 25 SIVAN, 5778 ORLANDO, FLORIDA SINGLE COPY 75¢ JNF’s Plant Your Way website NEW YORK—Jewish Na- it can be applied to any Jewish tional Fund revealed its new National Fund trip and the Plant Your Way website that Alexander Muss High School easily allows individuals to in Israel (AMHSI-JNF) is a raise money for a future trip huge bonus because donors to Israel while helping build can take advantage of the 100 the land of Israel. percent tax deductible status First introduced in 2000, of the contributions.” Plant Your Way has allowed Some of the benefits in- many hundreds of young clude: people a personal fundraising • Donations are 100 percent platform to raise money for a tax deductible; trip to Israel while giving back • It’s a great way to teach at the same time. Over the children and young adults the last 18 years, more than $1.3 basics of fundraising, while million has been generated for they build a connection to Jewish National Fund proj- Israel and plan a personal trip Knights for Israel members (l-r): Emily Aspinwall, Sam Busey, Jake Suster, Jesse Benjamin Slomowitz and Benji ects, typically by high school to Israel; Osterman, accepted the David Bar-Ilan Award for Outstanding Campus Activism. students. The new platform • Funds raised can be ap- allows parents/grandparents plied to any Israel trip (up to along with family, friends, age 30); coworkers and classmates • Participant can designate Knights for Israel honored to open Plant Your Way ac- to any of Jewish National counts for individuals from Fund’s seven program areas, birth up to the age of 30, and including forestry and green at Camera Gala 2018 for schools to raise money for innovation, water solutions, trips as well. -
Israel Report Is a Student Publication of Resources, Dealing with the Housing Crisis, Reducing the Cost of Living, Encouraging Growth and Improving Productivity
To provide greater exposure to primary Israeli news sources and opinions in order to become better informed on the issues, and to gain a better understanding of the wide range of perspectives that exist in Israeli society and politics. Issue 1036 • December 23, 2016 • 23 Kislev 5777 STATE ASKS HIGH COURT TO POSTPONE AMONA EVICTION BY 45 duty when they do so, Haaretz has learned. DAYS (Israel Hayom 12/21/16) The new policy is expected to take effect in early 2017. The State Attorney's Office on Tuesday asked the High Court of Justice to Current orders call to court martial any soldier caught possessing any postpone the eviction of the Samaria outpost of Amona by 45 days. The narcotics, marijuana included, even in a civilian setting. outpost is slated to be evicted by Dec. 25. The revised policy would still permit a soldier to be charged for smoking In an agreement with the government reached earlier this week, the residents marijuana or hashish even off duty, but provides an easy loophole to get the were set to be relocated to a nearby plot of land known as Parcel 38, case closed or the charges dropped. The accused soldier would have to registered as abandoned property. However, on Monday, the Yesh Din provide urine samples once a month under a year's probationary period, human rights organization claimed that 90% of the plot belongs to a exhibit motivation for rehabilitation and commit to completing their term of Palestinian man. The organization supported its claim with aerial service with a clean record, and showing they are "back on the right path." photographs apparently showing that the land had been cultivated until 1997. -
THE CHALLENGE of GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications
BROOKINGS 1775 Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20036-2103 www.brookings.edu ANALYSIS PAPER Number 23, July 2011 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications Daniel Byman Gad Goldstein ANALYSIS PAPER Number 23, July 2011 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications Daniel Byman Gad Goldstein The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit organization. Its mission is to conduct high-quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings publication are solely those of its author(s), and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its other scholars. Brookings recognizes that the value it provides to any supporter is in its absolute commitment to quality, independence and impact. Activities supported by its donors reflect this commitment and the analysis and recommendations are not determined by any donation. Copyright © 2011 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 www.brookings.edu Table of Contents Executive Summary . iv Acknowledgements . ix The Authors . x Introduction . 1 The Nature of the Challenge in Gaza . 3 Factors Beyond Gaza to Consider . 18 Policy Options . 24 THE CHALLENGE OF GAZA: Policy Options and Broader Implications The Saban Center at BRooKings iii Executive Summary lthough both the United States and Israel Hamas draws on many resources to stay in power . devote tremendous attention to the Middle Most notably, Hamas has long exploited its infra- East peace process, the Gaza Strip and its structure of mosques, social services, and communi- HamasA government have continued to vex Ameri- ty organizations to raise money and attract recruits . -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Page V. The Threat to Israel’s Civilian Population and Israel’s Civil Defense Measures ............106 A. Life under the Threat of Terrorist Rocket Fire and Cross-Border Tunnel Attacks .................................................................................................................106 B. Israel’s Civil Defence Measures against Rocket and Mortar Attacks .................107 1. Passive Defence Measures .......................................................................107 2. Active Defence Measures (the Iron Dome System) ................................111 C. Harm Caused to Israel’s Civilian Population by Rocket and Mortar Attacks .................................................................................................................112 1. Civilian Deaths and Injuries.....................................................................112 2. Effects on Children, Teenagers and College Students .............................118 3. Effect on the Elderly and People with Disabilities ..................................121 4. Internal Displacement ..............................................................................122 5. Psychological Damage .............................................................................125 6. Economic Damage ...................................................................................132 D. Conclusion ...........................................................................................................136 i V. The Threat to Israel’s Civilian Population -
Reprocessing Tender
DIGITAL REC- TIME- ST- LINE- LINE-NAME SURVEY-TYP AREA -SEGY YEAR CLIENT INSTRUMENT LENGT SAMPL INTERV SP-INT FOLD LENGTH 1 80-M-01 Marine TRANSITION ZONE yes 1980 O.E.L. DFS-V-84 24 chan. 5 sec. 2 msec. 60 m. 60 m. 12 73320 m. 2 80-M-03 Marine TRANSITION ZONE yes 1980 O.E.L. DFS-V-84 24 chan. 5 sec. 2 msec. 60 m. 60 m. 12 8700 m. 3 80-M-04 Marine TRANSITION ZONE yes 1980 O.E.L. DFS-V-84 24 chan. 5 sec. 2 msec. 60 m. 60 m. 12 7980 m. 4 89-M-01 Marine DEAD SEA yes 1989 I.N.O.C TELSEIS-5 144 chan. 6 sec. 2 msec. 50 m. 50 m. 60 9300 m. 5 89-M-03 Marine MOR-DEAD SEA yes 1989 I.N.O.C TELSEIS-5 144 chan. 6 sec. 2 msec. 50 m. 50 m. 60 8300 m. 6 89-M-05 Marine MOR-DEAD SEA yes 1989 I.N.O.C TELSEIS-5 144 chan. 6 sec. 2 msec. 40 m. 80 m. 30 5720 m. 7 89-M-07 Marine SDOM-DEAD SEA yes 1989 I.N.O.C TELSEIS-5 144 chan. 6 sec. 2 msec. 50 m. 50 m. 0 16400 m. 8 90-M-08 Marine DEAD SEA-BOKEK yes 1990 I.N.O.C. TELSEIS-5 96 chan. 6 sec. 2 msec. 50 m. 50 m. 48 13950 m. 9 90-M-09 Marine DEAD SEA-BOKEK yes 1990 I.N.O.C.