May 16, 1977 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 14777 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Monday, May 16, 1977 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The message also announced that the state compact between the States of Tex Senate agreed to the House amendment as and LoUisiana. The compact proVided with an amendment to the foregoing con that those States could equitably appor DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER current resolution. tion the water of the Sabine River and its PRO TEMPORE The message also announced that the tributaries between them (Public Law The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Senate agrees to the amendment of the 83-578, 68 Stat. 690). BRADEMAs) laid before the House the House with amendments to a bill of the The amendment provided for in this following communication from the Senate of the following title: "An act to bill has been approved by both States. Speaker: authorize appropriations to the Energy The legislature of the State of Texas WASlilNGTON, D.C., Research and Development Administra adopted the amendment on June 12, 1973, May 16, 1977. tion in accordance with section 261 of and the LoUisiana Legislature followed I hereby designate the Honorable JOHN the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as suit on July 12, 1974. BRADEMAS to act as Speaker pro tempore for 305 today. amended, section of the Energy Reor The amendment would strike the last ganization Act of 1974, and section 16 of THOMAS P. O 'NEILL, Jr., paragraph of the preamble to the exist.. Speaker of the House of Representatives. the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research ing compact, which reads: and Development Act of 1974, and for It is recognized that pollution abatement other purposes." and salt water intrusion are problems which PRAYER The message also announced that the are of concern to the States of Louisiana a.nd Senate had passed bills of the following Texas, but inasmuch as this compact ls lim The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, titles, in which the concurrence of the ited to the equitable apportionment of the D.D., otrered the following prayer: waters of the Sabine River and its tributaries House is requested: between the States of Louisiana. e.nd Texas, Be doers of the word and not hearers S. 425. An act to authorize the President only.-James 1: 22. this compact does not underta.ke the solution o! the United States to present on beha.1! o! those problems. O God and F'ather of us all, fit us for o! the Congress a specially struck gold medal the duties of this day and this week by to Lieutenant General Ira C. Eaker, United Thus, under the provisions of the com bringing us closer to you that forgetting States Air Force (retired); pact, the two States are prohibited from ourselves in an earnest desire to do good S. 810. An a.ct granting an extension of pa.t taking joint action to solve the problems ent to the United Daughters of the Confed excluded from the compact by that para things for a great people we may demon eracy; strate the value of our democratic spirit. graph. The States and the authorities S. 853. An act to extend the Defense Pro acting under the compact have expressed Renew our faith, restore our courage, duction Act of 1950, as amended; and release our enthusiasm, and revive our S. 1474. An act to authorize certain con a desire to attack the problems of pol concern for what is right that we may struction at military installations, and for lution and saline intrusion at a State not only work for it but even more may other purposes. level, rather than rely heavily upon Fed want to work for it until our life's end. eral action. They are anxious to remove Thus may we choose wisely, speak softly, the technical obstacle posed by its lan and act nobly, that good may come to CONSENT CALENDAR guage. If the amendment is consented our Nation and to all mankind; for to, each State would be able to use an ap The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is propriate governmental body already in Thine is the kingdom and the power and Consent Calendar day. The Clerk will the glory forever. Amen. existence with established expertise ca call the first bill on the Consent Calendar. pable of seeking solutions to those problems. Based on its study of the amendments THE JOURNAL SABINE RIVER COMPACT adopted by the respective State legisla The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair AMENDMENT tures and the testimony received by the Subcommittee on Administrative Law has examined the Journal of the last The Clerk called the bill (H.R. 1551) day's proceedings and announces to the and Governmental Relations, it is clear granting the consent of Congress to an that the amendment will accomplish this House his approval thereof. amendment to the Sabine River compact Without objection, the Journal stands purpose. Its purpose is wholly consistent entered into by the States of Texas and with recent Federal legislation which was approved. Louisiana. There was no objection. enacted to encourage States to combine There being no objection, the Clerk their efforts to combat water pollution read the bill, a-s follows: wherever possible. H.R. 1551 The Congressional Budget Office in its MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE Be it enacted by the Senate and House report to the committee on the bill has A message from the Senate by Mr. of Reprt;sentatives of the United States of stated that it has reviewed the matter America in Congress assembled, That the and concluded that no additional cost to Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced consent of Congress is given to an amend that the Senate had passed with an ment to the Sabine River Compact (68 Stat. the Government would be incurred as the amendment in which the concurrence of 690) entered into by the State of Texas and result of the enactment of this bill. the House is requested, a bill of the Louisiana, which amendment strikes out the At a hearing held on this bill on March House of the following title: la.st paragraph of the preamble to such com 'l, 1977, a statement presented in behalf H.R. 4088. An act to authorize appropria pact. of the Environmental Protective Agency tions to the National Aeronautics and Space SEc. 2. The right to amend or repeal the stated that the agency concluded that Administration for research and develop first section of this Act is expressly reserved. this bill in making it possible for the Sa ment, construction of facilities, and research Mr. DANmLSON. Mr. Speaker, the bill bine River Compact Administration to and program management, and for other exercise its authorities in the areas of purposes. H.R. 1551 grants the consent of Congress to an amendment to the Sabine River water rights apportionment and water The message also announced that the Compact, between the States of Texas resources conversation planning so as to Senate agrees to the report of the com and Louisiana. By striking the last para further the objectives of salinity control mittee of conference on the disagreeing graph of the preamble of the compact, and pollution control is generally con votes of the two Houses on the amend the amendment permits the Sabine Riv sistent with the purposes of section 103 ments of the House to the concurrent er authorities to handle the problems of of the Federal Water Pollution Control resolution CS. Con. Res. 19) entitled "A pollution abatement and saline intru Act, which encourages "compacts be concurrent resolution setting forth the sion in the river subject to the powers al tween States for the prevention and con congressional budget for the United ready vested in them under the present trol of pollution." The EPA also noted States Government for the fiscal year compact. In 1954, the Congress gave its that it is both appropriate and desirable 1978." consent to the establishment of an inter- for water resource control author!ties 14778 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 16, 1977 such as the Sabine River Compact Ad official name of the organization from The membership of such authority shall con ministration to take environmental pro "American Veterans of World War II" sist of the Governor of ea.ch party State, one representative each from the Mississippi tection into account in exercising their to "American Veterans of World War State Highway Department and the Louisiana. authorities. One legitimate use of water n, Korea and Vietnam." The organiza Department of Highways, five other citizens allocation authority, for example, is in tion was originally incorporated by an of each party State, to be appointed by the the preservation of stream quality, par act of Congress in 1947. Under that Governor thereof. The appointive members of ticularly in periods of low flow and hot charter, only persons who served honor the authority shall serve for terms of four weather, which can combine to produce ably "in the Armed Forces of the United yea.rs each. Vacancies on the authority shall in-stream conditions inhospitable to fish States or citizens who served in the be filled by appointment by the Governor for and other organisms. At such times, con Armed Forces of an allied nation of the the unexpired portion of the term. The mem trolled release of stored water can pro bers of the authority shall not be com United States on or after September 6, pensated for service on the authority, but tect such organisms against destruction. 1940, and on or before the date of cessa each of the appointed members shall be The Environmental Protection Agency tion of hostilities as determined by the entitled to actual and reasonable expenses c·oncluded that nothing in the compact Government of the United States" were incurred 1n attending meetings, or incurred or in H.R. 1551 alters the FWPCA in any admitted by AMVETS as regular mem otherwise in the performance of his duties way. EPA studied that it will continue to bers. On August 1, 1971, the Constitution as a member of the authority. The members implement that statute's provisions and and By-Laws Committee recommended of the authority shall hold regular quarterly policies. A pertinent provision is .section to the 27th Annual Convention at Los meetings and such special meetings as its 102(b). which provides that streamflow business may require. They shall choose Angeles, Calif., that the preamble of the annually a chairman and vice chairman from augmentation by Federal reservoirs may constitution be made to conform to the among their members, and the chairmanship not substitute for "adequate treatment organizations' determination to include shall rotate each year among the party States or other methods of controlling waste at those who served during the Korea and . in order of their acceptance of this compact. the source." Vietnam hostilities. The committee The secretary of the authority (hereinafter In view of the testimony at the hea.r agreed to this change. AMVETS peti provided for) shall notify each member in ing and the information supplied by the tioned the Congress to reflect this change writing of all meetings of the authority in EPA, the committee concluded that this of policy in the organiz0tion's Federal such a manner and under such rules and is a needed and logical change in the regulations as the authority may prescribe. charter, and this bilt provides for the The authority shall adopt rules and regula· compact. It is recommended that the bill change. tions for the transaction of its business; and be considered favorably. The committee is of the opinion that the secretary shall keep a record of all its The bill was ordered to be engrossed the new membership policy is a sound business and shall furnish a copy thereof and read a third time, was read the third one and one which operates to further to each member of the authority. It shall time, and passed, and a motion to recon the purposes of AMVETS as reflected in be the duty of the authority, in general, to sider was laid on the table. promote, encourage, and coordinate the its existing charter (36 U.S.C. § 67B). efforts of the party States to secure the Therefore, it is recommended that H.R. development of the Mlssissippl-Loulslana AMVETS 1952, as amended, be considered favor Bridge at or near Natchez, Mississippi, and ably. Vidalia., Louisiana. Toward this end, the The Clerk called the bill Jng them develop their fishing industry. The yeas and nays were ordered. by inserting at the end thereof the following We a.re giving them loans and grants and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant item: all kinds of things; but when the gentle to clause 3, rule XXVII, and the Chair's "659. Merger of obligated balances with cur man tries to nitpick the Fishermen's prior announcement, further proceed rent appropriations.". Protective Act by doing away with the in ings on this motion will be postponed. SEc. 5. Notwithstanding the provisions of surance provisions that would provide any other law, available funds appropriated compensation for loss of fishing time and to or !or the use o! the Coast Guard for other losses when we are already pro "Acquisition, Construction, and Improve viding for the major loss that results COAST GUARD AUTHORIZATION ments" may be used to pay for part o! the FISCAL YEAR 1978 construction and other capital costs of a. sew from seizure. such as fines and fees, is age treatment plant to be built, operated, highly inconsistent. These men will be Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. and owned by the North Marin County Water fishing and when we take a way the agree Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and District (Cali!ornia.) and to be used by Coast ment we made some years ago. we can do pass the bill (H.R. 6823) to authorize ap Guard facllities located In the vicinity of it. but that does not make it right. propriations for the U.S. Coast Guard for Point Reyes Station, Ca.ll!ornia. Mr. EVANS of Delaware. Mr. Speaker, fiscal year 1978, and for other purposes. SEC. 6. The Coast Guard ls authorized to I rise in opposition to the motion to sus as amended. accept and retain funds from the city of pend the rules and pass H.R. 4140, The Clerk read as follows: Baltimore, Maryland, in payment for Coast Guard faci11ties to be removed by the city amendments to the Fisherman's Protec Be it enacted by the Senate and House of tive Act. tncldent to the improvement of Hawkins Representatives of the United States of Point Road. the funds to be available. until As a delegate to the United Nations America in Congress assembled, That funds expended, for the construction of replace Law of the Sea Conference, I believe that are hereby authorized to be appropriated for ment fa.cll1t1es. Any funds not obligated. by the passage of this bill only 1 week be necessary expenses of the United States Coast the end of fiscal year 1980 sha.11 be paid into Guard for fiscal year 1978, as follows: the Treasury of the United States. fore the convening of the Conference ( 1) For the operation and maintenance of would have a significant adverse effect the Coast Guard, including expenses related The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is a on our ability to successfully negotiate to the Capehart housing debt reduction: second demanded? any agreement. $882,821,000; Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, I demand a. The renewal of this act would be the (2) For the a.cquisition, construction, re second. height of international arrogance. What building, and improvement of aids to naviga tion, shore facilities, vessels, a.nd aircraft, in The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without this bill propooes to do is compensate objection, a second will be considered as American fishermen for breaking a law cluding equipment related thereof: $314,500,- 000, to remain available until expended; ordered. we ourselves are trying to enforce. It (3) For the alteration or removal of There was no objection. has been only a few weeks since the Coast bridges over navigable waters of the United The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Guard seized a Soviet vessel for viola States, constituting obstructions to naviga gentleman from New York (Mr. MURPHY) tion of our 200-mlle zone. Now, we seem tion: tl9,100,000 to remain available until and the gentleman from Louisiana And each of the UN agencies ls an inde The encounter was not untypical. Space the UN "assessment" ls far below U.S. taxes. pendent body with its own director, budget, and furniture are hotly contested in the For example, a U.S. citizen ls taxed at the and auditing system. It ls an accountant's Secretariat and the French D-1 has a. higher rate of 40% at the $25,000 annual level, nightmare. For example, the United Nations UN civll-service grade than the American while UN employes are not "assessed" 40% Development Program depends on 17 other P-5. Each category has its privileges and until they reach the $60,000 level. UN agencies "each using different account benefits. A P-5, an upper level administrator, As for fringe benefits, a 1976 State De ing and program procedures, which makes it is given 144 square feet of office space, and a partment comparison between U.S. and the difficult for UNDP to compile up-to-the D-1, the next level up a.nd equivalent to a UN reveals: UN employer contributions to minute information on expenditures," ac federal Civil Service GS-16 ls allotted 252 health and retirement benefits exceed the cording to the State Department. square feet of space at the Secretariat. Win U.S. by 45% to 73%; UN pensions exceed Add to tha.t the confusion of languages dows are coveted. U.S. pensions by 23% to 55%; UN annual a.nd the endless para.de of unread documents, But these office rules a.re only one minor vacation exceeds the U.S. by 1,400% to in a. babel of tongues. On the third :floor of facet of the good life !or UN workers, for 1,900%. the Secretariat, in the press office, there a.re the 40,704 employes of this international A specific comparison of a UN D-1 and a 62 racks for the 1 billion printed pages that system a.re the highest-pa.id civil servants in U.S. GS-16, both upper level administra emanate from 3,000 yearly meetings. The cost the world, from the lowliest paid messenger, tors with equivalent responsibilities, accord of conference servicing-including printing who earns $10,180 annu3,lly exclusive of al ing to the State Department, shows: a D-1 and translation-in New York and Geneva lowances and benefits, to Secretary General earns $52,450 a. year while a. GS-16 earns a.Ione cost $96 million, according to tJN Kurt Waldheim, who earns more than $120,- $39,629; a D-1 gets 30 days vacation his first figures. 000 a year. year while a GS-16 gets 13 days; UN health "It's because everyone has to have himself The impact of these salaries and the ac plans include psychiatric and dental ca.re transcribed verbatim to impress the folks companying benefits, including travel, pen while the U.S. provides none; and the D-1 back home,'' one U.S. State Department offi sions, discount liquor and overstafflng, ls retires after 30 years employment with an cial wryly observed. that nearly one-half of all UN spending, $2.3 annual pension of 60 % of his last year's What can be said for the UN then? Well billion this year, goes to administrative over pay, while the maximum !or a GS-16 ls it's a. place where you can have a lunch of head as opposed to direct aid. 46.25%. excellent lamb curry with two vegetables and This is according to the U.S. State De The UN pension system, figured at a rate bread and butter for $1.90 in the fourth-floor partment and several members o! the UN's of 2 % a year !or each year of service is non cafeteria-if you're qua.lifted to eat there. finance committee. And the employe roll in pareil. The most beneficent of U .s. corpora It ls also a. place where, on the second :floor, the UN system of 48 agencies, ranging from tions operate on a per-year pension factor you can view the first human rights docu the World Health Program to the World In of 1.5%. ment, a bronze tablet authored by Cyrus the tellectual Property Organization, has doubled But the advantages of the UN employe Great of Babylon. And you can catch a mis in the last 10 years. do not stop there. All workers at the D-1 take in the translation, for when Cyrus prom Not that there haven't been complaints level and above (there are !our higher cate ised in Babylonian cuneiform that he about this pattern of spending. A few days gories) can buy diplomatic liquor at a price would not harass his people, the translator a.!ter Edouard Saouma. was named director one-fifth the regular cost. For instance, the misspelled it "harra.ss." general of the Food and Agriculture Orga Sussex Liquor Store at 4lst St. and Second It 1s also a place where some o! the top nization in 1976, he complained, "Eigp.ty per Ave. charges $116.39 !or a ce.se of Cutty Sark Soviet KGB, CIA, British, French and Iranian cent of FAQ's regular budget ls destined to quarts. Those subsidized by the UN pay $24 spies, among intelligence operatives from as pay for a gigantic centralized bureaucracy !or that same case. sorted other countries, have found e. haven. in Rome, 11 % to put out publications that In addition, all UN employes can pa.rk at Free from national scrutiny except from ea.ch no one reads and the remaining 9 % for hold the UN garage for $15 a month while most other, these operatives, many of whom bold ing meetings and for travel expenses that are midtown garages charge $100 a month. And key jobs in the UN system, funnel informa largely unnecessary." The FAO ls supposed all employes D-2 and above are entitled to tion back to their home missions under to provide technical assistance and aid to DPL plates which allow them to park with diploma.tic cover. help improve agriculture in poor countries. a.ba.ndon even though technically they don't Whether they be idle gamesmen or cold Russell Heater, the State Department's represent any pa.rtlcula.r country. warriors, these intelligence operatives cer permanent representative to the United Na All UN employes who are working outside tainly are well rewarded, !or UN employes a.re tions Educational Scientific and Cultural their home country are also entitled to an the best-paid civll servants in the world, Organizatlon said, "Several years ago, I found extra allowance called a "post adjustment." earning up to $180,000 a year including spe that more than 70% of UNESCO's money was It differs from country to country, but 1n cial allowances with pensions equivalent to being spent in French francs. Headquarters Geneva, where the cost of living ls higher 60 % a.nn ually of the la.st year's pay. ls in Paris, so you can draw your own conclu than New York, it reaches $19,000 extra a Above all, for its employes, the UN is the sions." year at the D-2 level. In New York, a m.a.r good life. Despite these complaints and warnings ried undersecretary general, equivalent to from the finance committee to keep salaries, an assistant U.S. cabinet chle!, will receive [From the D:1.lly News, May 3, 1977} promotions, and hiring down, Waldheim has $9,055 a year in addition to his $76,030 base BOONDOGGLING--GLOBAL STYLE done just the opposite. The result ls a. top salary. These post adjustments are not taxed (By Wllllam Sherman) heavy bureaucracy. or "assessed." For example, the U.S. federal government, Other benefits to all U.N. professionals not It was 3 P.M. one recent afternoon, and ava.ila.ble to U.S. Civil service employes in· two tall men were standing at the bar in with a 1976 budget of $365.6 billlon has only 12 officials, a.U cabinet chiefs, earning $60,- clude: the North Delegates Lounge, sipping dry $1,600 annual educa.tlon grant !or ea.ch martinis and chatting a.bout their new of 000 annually or more. The U.N. with an an nual budget less than 1 % that size has 73 child attending school outside home coun fices in the Secretariat. The first fellow was a try, plus travel costs to and from school un mohair-suited Frenchman with a sallow employes earning that sum or more, accord ing ·to a report recently submitted by the U.S. til he or she 1s 21. complexion and a mustache. The second was $400 a year for a dependent wife or hus a tanned American. They were speaking in General Accounting Office to the Senate Permanent Committee on Government Oper band plus $450 a yea.r for each dependent English. child. If an employe has no children, he "So," the Frenchman was saying pleas ations. For those fortunate enough to be hired by or she ls entitled to $200 extra. a year for antly, "How many Windows do you have?" each dependent brother, sister, or parent. "Three." the UN, the job is a boon, a godsend. The State Department International Organiza Maternity leave up to 14 weeks at full "Three windows!" the Frenchman's eye pay. brows danced. "How is that possible? I am tions Bureau estimates that the basic sal aries of UN professionals are 38 % to 57 % Special assignment allowance 1n addition a. D-1 and I only have two windows. You are to post adjustment in Europe and the U.S. aP-5." higher than the salaries of people with com parable Jobs in civil service. This despite the this a.mounts to $2,400 a year !or a man-led The American shrugged, ordered another employe with children; $1,400 annually for drink and looked a.t a tug moving up the East original UN employment plan, based on the Noblemaire principle, which states that UN singles. River. Rental subsidies in high cost of living "What about carpet?-" asked the French employes should be paid salaries similar to the highest paying civil service in the world areas based on formula and clothing allow man, tugging at the American. ances !or tropical and frigid locations. that is, the U.S. "Wall to wall." A repatriation grant equal to 28 weeks at "Wall to wall I It cannot be. P-5s are not But the benefits do not stop there. In addition, UN employes pay no income tax full pay in addition to pension when an supposed to have carpets. Even mt,ne ls not employe returns to his home country. wall to wall. Now you will tell me you have to any country, but rather have a portion of their salaries taken out as a "staff assess The list goes on and on, and the patrla.rch wood furniture as well." of the goodies ls Waldheim. He lives a Ufe "I have," the American said :flatly. ment" which ls plowed back into the UN "I must talk to someone about this. D-ls budget. UN Treasurer Wyna.nt Rivington said of special luxury, to say the least. are supposed to have wood, not P-5s." With this "staff assessment" ls roughly equivalent The tall, stoop-shouldered Austrian lives that, he gulped down the last o! his martini to U.S. income ta.."tes. 1n a. !our-story town house a.t 57th St. and and scurried out. But a look at federal tax tables shows that Sutton Place donated to the U.N. 1n 1972 by 14818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE !Jfay 16, 1977 Arthur A. Houghton Jr., president of Steuben the world, a good deal of the tra.vel can be people in the Congo who graduated from Glass. The house and garden, with 40-foot CUit. high school," said Robert Kitchen, the U.S. frontage and a beautiful view of the East Business can be conducted by telephone or Mission to the UN's permanent representa River, is valued at more than $1 million, and by oa.ble, the ,report chided, and cited one tive to the Economic and Social Council. Waldheim lives there rent free. Not.axes are occasion where the secretary general was too "And that wasn't so long a.go," he added. paid on the dwelling. ill to go to Geneva and deliver his message to Whatever the respective merits of UN em Designed 50 years ago for Anne Morgan, a conference. Another high official was sent ployes, there is more than enough room daughter of financier J. Pierpont Morgan, in his place to ma.ke the speech "while at the aboard for a number of spy nests. What bet the home's bedrooms each have woodburning same time there was already in Geneva an ter cover than a diplomat's passport and a fireplaces, and there is an antique English other high UN official of the same rank who UN identification card. paneled library, drawing rooms, marble floors could well have read the message from the and elevator. rostrum." [From the Dally News, May 4, 1977) When he ls not on the road. Waldheim, Along with travel goes food and even while SPIES WHO COME IN FOR THE GOLD according to one of his aides, rises at about they a.re in New York, UN employes eat well seven and walks to work with his bodyguard, and inexpensively. On a recent Wednedsay, (By William Sherman) saving his free-chauffeur-driven Lincoln a meal of rare roast beef (generous sllces) In 1948 when the world's great leaders Continental for other occasions. with gravy, two vegetables, bread and butter were debating the selection of a. site for UN His offices on rthe 38th floor of the Secre and a large bottle of Coca Cola cost $2.40. 'headquart.ers, several of Soviet Premier Josef tariat include a 484-squa.re-foot conference stuffed shrimp with side dishes was $2.10, 'Stalin's a.ides questioned the American pro room, an office, and a living room, bedroom, bolled beef wllth oabbage-$2.05, and baked ·posal of New York City. dining room and bathroom suite filled with cod filet almondine-$1.35. A delicious ' They suggested to Stalin that it would give extensive art. scria.mbled eggs with veal kidney ca.me in at 'the U.S. too much power in the new inter In a.dd.1.ltion to his office staff of 53, Wald· $1.60. 'na.tlonal organization, too many employes. heim is given $37,000 e.nnually for personal Comparative meals at coffee shops and 'Perhaps, they politely told: their stocky, enlg home service, such as ma.ids, $8,000 for car restaurants in the midtown area charge at 'matlc boss_. if it's not located in Moscow, it replacement, $25,000 for "maintenance of least twice ·as much for the same items and 'should be set in a neutral country like residence," and $45,000 for air fares. the UN cafeteria. ls probably the only eatery Switzerland or Sweden. In a.ddltion to his salary of $120,394 and in town where you ca.n get a chilled bottle ' Stalin glowered for a. moment, and then, his post adjustment of $9,742, Waldheim has of wine for under a dollar. 'according to accounts later obtained by the several a.nnua.l expense accounts which he is Because of their UN status, workers at 'CIA, his face broke into a. crafty smile. "Not not obliged to report: $17 ,000 to provide hos headquarters here ca.n shop without paying only will I give into the Americans," he said, pitality for visiting heads of state, $22,500 to city sales tax. Defenders of the UN quickly "But I will heartily approve of New York provide hospitality for others who are not point out that because the complex is here, City." heads of state, $38,000 for conference servic the city benefits through tourism (about The aides looked at ea.ch other in bewilder ing (interpreters) , $5,000 fol' reproduction of 3,000 visitors a. day), a.nd the U.S. State De· ment. But then Stalin made his reasons clea.r. documents, ancl $2,000 to travel home to partment has estimated that the nation ben Espionage, he sa.id. "I don't want the UN Vienna every other year. efits to the tune of $200 milllon a year. Not so freely advertised ls a. small desk here. It will serve us better in New York." Like Waldheim, all UN employes a.re en The a.ides grinned and nodded. Suddenly it titled to home leave every two years, pa.id in outside the cafeteria where employes can sUt through an index of about 200 "recom was obvious. Employment at the UN would full for their famlUes and several hundred provide parfect cover: diploma.tic immunity, pounds of luggage. mended" stores, approximately 100 of which Working hours a.re casual, espect.ally a.mong offer extra discounts to UN personnel. These free access to the United States and natural the higher ranks ~d there a.re scores of con range from 5 % to 30 % and include: Mon occasions for contact with other foreigners. ferences, in Geneva, Paris, Rome a.nd other sieur Lucien Inc., hairdresser of 585 Fifth New York, they knew was the major finan Ave., 10% off; David A. Baruch, jewelry, of cial, scientific, and' information center in the attractive cities that an employee oa.n at U.S. tend ait wlll, all expenses paid, iregardless of 36 W. 47th St., 30% off; Richard Burnside, whether attendance is relevant to duty. interior decorators of 210 E. 38th St., 30%- The meeting was over. Gabriel Ve.n Laethem, the French under 40% off; and Brodwin Chemists Ltd., a drug And Stalin's expectations were quickly secretary general for the Depar'tment of Eco store at First Ave. and 72d St. which gives a. realized. In the years that followed, member nomic and Social Affairs, has an office in the 15 % discount on merchandise, including pre ship in the UN expanded from 51 nations, to Secretariat where his depa,rtment is locarted. scription drugs. 100, to 147, and UN operations were set up in But he spends e.t lea.st half of his time, a<:· For the athletically inclined, there a.re soft other principal cities a.round the wor'ld cording to UN officials interviewed, a.brood, ball teams, a table tennis club on the 39th Geneva, Paris, Vienna, Nairobi, and Beirut. much of i:t in Paris, ",talking to world eco floor, and a. soccer league. Bridge players are A Soviet spy's handbook acquired when he nomic leaders." never scarce and there a.re classes in Yoga., defected said in translation, "In the U.S. in V.a.n La.etha.m is not alone. A UN Joint In languages, guitar, and a UN school for chil· addition to ordinary cover, we use various spection Unit report charged that dozens of dren of employes. international organizations. The most im conferences and meetings a.re overstaffed with By all accounts, the UN is a. pleasant place portant of these is the UN and its branch secretaries and aides-Waldheim takes a. per to work: air conditioned, with lace-wood institutions." sonal photogra,pher wtth him on the roa.d paneling from Australia in the reception room Today, the UN system ls one of the most and urged that baggage allowances and first on the second floor, rugs from Ecuador out active and fertile espionage installations in class accommodations be cut. side the basement conference rooms, an ivory the world, not only for the Russians, but for "The higher -the official's rank the more he inlaid table from Liberia in the public 11· Iranians, the Chinese, French, English, and a travels," sa4d ithe report, whl:ch specified brary; and from Poland, three picture cut host of others including Americans. The hub "During the period January to December one outs of ornamental birds in the Delegates of U?i operations is the Secretariat, here in director was eibsent: February 7 &ys; March Dining Room. New York, where most major UN decisions 13 days; April through May 35 days; June 13 Consequently, employe turnover is low. A are ma.de and this city has become the capitol days, mid-July thru mid-September 60 days; 1975 UN Joint Inspection Unit Study of Per for numerous far-flung intelllgence networks. mid-September through mid-October 28 sonnel showed that 37 % of the staff was older Intelligence agents use the UN as a base days." than 50, and only 4 % was younger than 30. for three types of operations: First, to pene Another director was absent from his According to the survey, which sampled trate U.S. domestic affairs, including the SecretarLwt office seven out of 22 months two thousand professional (white collar) Cabinet, the National Security Council, and surveyed, and the a.uthors of .the report com employes, a full one third of the staff did not the Defense Dept: Secondly, to keep track mented in polite, diplomatic acid. "One m·a.y complete college and more than 25 % never of each other's work. And thirdly, to monitor ask how, under the circumstances, the divi attended any institute of higher learning. the UN itself. sions could be run successfully." And a recent report on international or And behind the walls of the Secretariat on E~a.mples of unnecessary travel clited in ganizations by the U.S. Senate Permanent 43rd St., agents, including department heads cluded: "five persons were sent from New Committee on Government Operations earning more than $70,000 a. year, ply their York to accompany the secretary general to pointed out that the UN does not make an trade. It is a game as serious as the more one U.S. city; two staff members traveled effort to hire the best qualified recruits. At classical theft o! defense secrets. For in this from New York ·to Casablanca, Ra.bait, Da.kar, the State Department, members of the bu political 6rga.nlza.tion, the manipulation of Nouakchott, Freetown, Lagos, Nairobi, and reau of International Organization Affairs ex documents, of information, committee as Addis Aba.ba. on the question of promotion plain that the UN charter insists that hir· of spa.ce technology and to visit the Interna ing be based on equal geographical distribu signments and projects to a particular na tional Telecommumcations Union in Geneva. tion as well a.s abll1ty. Consequently, Ameri tion's advantage is a deadly affair. Wasn't it enough, if necessary a.t all, ito send cans make up a.bout 15% of the employe rolls Alliances are broken, delegates are wooed only one staff member." in the 48 agencies of the UN system, and the and bought, and influence ls expanded with Incidentally, they all flew first-class, with State Department ls quick to point out that a delicate twist of a. UN memo on dis per-diem allowances of up to $85 a day. The many nations do not have our education.al armament or an aid appropriation slyly di· report also pointed out that since the UN advantages. verted from an enemy to a friendly country. has offices in so many principal cl.ties a.round "I remember when there were only three The Joke is that because the U.S. pays May 16, 1977 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 14819 25 % of the UN's annual $2.3 bllllon operating and less established than the Russian unit, tee where chief Huck Trimble, a Canadian, budget, U.S. taxpayers are actually paying since Red China was admitted to the UN only said his department is responsible only for one-quarter of each agent's salary. six years ago, ousting Nationalist China. the safety of the building, personal proper As an example of how successfully agents But the Bed Chinese, according to Ameri- ty and the personal security of diplomats have penetrated the UN system, Soviet KGB can operatives, quickly made up !or lost and employes. man Victor Lessiovsky was for years former time. Within days of taking their seat. they The answer is: Nobody except UN officials Secretary General U Thant's top personal asked all Nationalist Chinese employes at the themselves, ruid one former UN employe, a advisor. After Lessiovsky left the UN and re- UN to swear allegiance. to the Red cause. Swede named Bang Jensen. who took mat turned to Moscow, his other occupation was Some quit, but many stayed on. including ters into his own hands when things got publicly disclosed by FBI counterintelligence. Mrs. Patricia K. Tslen, daughter of' a former too rough. A distraught Thant countered that Lesslov- Nationalist ambassador to the U.S. In 1956, Jensen along with a mtxed group sky had not affected any of his decision and Curiously, Mrs. Tslen takes her vacations of UN officials, was sent to Austrl& to inter asserted that he did not know of the KGB on mainland China., and she is the head of view Hungarian refugees who were talking • man's affiliation despite their friendship of the Chinese unit's A!rlca. divtslon. about Soviet terror and oppression. Jensen many years. Both the Russian and Chinese units deal had the list of refugees interviewed and Lessiovsky was not operating alone. Several with African questions and last fall the when he returned to New York, he refused. American intelllgence officials interviewed rivalry came out in one of the more subtle to part with it, according to one UN o.t!lcla.l, say that today, one-third of the 401 Soviet incidents in espionage history. "He thought it would fall into KGB hands nationals employed at the Secretariat in vari- It occurred during a meeting on decoloni and the refugees' fa.milles 1back in Hungary ous translating and executive positions have zation and UN aJ.d to the African. countries. would be killed or imprisoned,.. sa.id the affillations with the KGB, the Komitet Gos- A report on the conference would be sub official. udarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, or Russian CIA. mltted the next day to the entire General "Dag Hammarskjold himself (then Sec This 1s not to say that the u.s. and China Assembly, including the black African dele retary General) esked Jensen for the list, are not well represented at the UN, both at gates. but he still refused. Hrunma.rskjold said he misslons to the organization and inalde UN According to American operatives, the needed it for a report. Jensen said 'too bad' agencies as well. Most large missions to the Russians, who control the interpreting and and got so scared, he walked up to the Sec UN have their "security counsellor" or "mill- translating divisions in the Secretariat, retariat roof and burned it," the official re tary advisor" and this tipoff ls plainly indi-- qutetly---appotnted one- of their own men to called. ""There was no one he could trust." cated in public directories. tra.n.scrlbe remarks made at the conference Although nobody ts tracking internal UN Indeed, the current UN system actually and prepare the final report. a.tra.irs, the FBI's counterlntelllgence unit is subsidizes intelligence operations for over The next day, when the conference report specifically assigned to take action against the yeo.rs. successive secretari~ general was h!nded out to the General Assembly, the direct spying against the United States. This yielded t.o national pressures for specific UN le0 lslature, Chinese statements in sup unit has caught more than 20 UN-affiliated pieces o! the UN pie. The principal organs port or a resolution against racism were no KGB men in the act. s.nd works closely with of the Secretariat and many of th telllt where to be found. The A!rlcan delegates other Western powers in fighting espionage. agencies are now run and dom1.na:e:as in~ began to wonder why they weren't supported However, many of those caught are not im dependent national satrapies, this despite the by the Chinese, and the Chinese had a. lot of prisoned because of their diploma.tic im charter which prohibits employe allegiance explaining to do. munity. Here are a few examples: to any organiz&tion save the UN itself Th Tang, Schevchenko, and Mrs. Tsien repea.t KGB a.gent Vladimir Ryba.tchenko, an at charter added that all agencies shouid b: edly decllned to be interviewed but American tache in the scientific section of the UN internationally integrated by geographic dls- operatives say the Russians considered the Educational, Scientific and CUltura.l Organi tributlon and Jobs should be hand d t incident an intelligence coup-one more zation In Paris. He was nabbed by the French merit. e ou on needle stuck in Tang's side. secret police last March as the boss of a spy But the casual perversion of the UN ma- The Russians attribute their success to cell stealing NATO Secrets. The French sent chinery has produced a 8 ta lat di id d their placement or highly skilled men in key him back to Moscow after the ring was ~ up into commonly known ~:rut's"; 0 f~r Jobs; including: Bohda.n Lewandowski, a. broken up. the Russians, another for the Chinese, a third Pole who Is undersecretary general in charge Eduord B. Charchyan and Abdulkha.llk M. for the French another for the J d of Conrerence Servicing at the Secretariat; Gadzhdyev, both third secretaries at the So so on. • apanese an Evgueni Touma.ntsev, director of the Inter- viet Mission to the UN, and Petros Petrosyan, And when political questions arise, such pretation and Meetings Division; and Victor a participant in a UN Human Rights confer as resolutions in favor or decolonizing A!rl- Kroupnov, head termlnologist in the Trans ence. 'I'hese three KGB spies ran an lntelli· can states, or branding Zionism as a form of la.;!-on Division. gence network taat netted the Rqssians a ra.cism, these units scramble to control meet- ~ey are also very good a.t their regular top secret, "Vulnerability Analysis: U.S. Re ings and documentation so 88 to dominate Jobs, one American operative commented inforcement of NATO," and other items. The the UN's "official" position. In this way. vari- wryly. network was smashed. In 1975 by the F.B.I., ous powers advance their interests and ex- The United States has a "unit" in the two naturalized Americans were Imprisoned pand their influence. Secretariat as well, the Division of Polltical and the UN officdals were sent home to The prize in the current cold war in the and General Assembly A1fairs, headed by Moscow. UN, for instance. ls ln1:luence over developing William Buff'um, an undersecretary general Valery Markelov, a. 32-year-oid Russian African nations and their delegates. It is a and former high-ranking State Department translator at the UN who was turned into reflection of what's happening outside the official. the F.B.I. within hours of trying to recruit UN: Russia has a naval base in Somalia., the But Buff'um. according to an international an engineer for Grumman Aerospace CO. on Chinese hat"e a strong political and economic cross section of representatives interviewed, Long Island. A novice, Markelov was blatant foothold In Tanzania, and the u .s. ls trying ts in no way interested in spy work, subtle in his approaches and was quickly arrested to keep both Communist giants out of An- or otherwise. An open man, Buffum is in and put on the first plane ba.ck home. gola, Zaire, wherever. Outside the UN the charge of coordinating a.nd organizing the An FBI counterintelligence spokesman said battle ts fought In terms of aid, the u .s. Genera.I Assembly and arranging disaster re. his agency Is "pretty successful," so far as pumps in millions to African nations and llef projects. he knows, but he complained that his budget the Soviets and Chinese do likewise. ..I don't consider it part of my job," said ls too small to provide for adequate surveil Inside the UN, the battle between Beere- Buffum, whose office is on the same floor as lance of known operatlves here. A former tarlat units ts less obvious but no less real. Shevchenko's "I leave the politics to the CIA executive commented, "Everybody knows Here ls an example of how it works. people at the U.S. Mission. I work for the the F.B.I. doesn't pay overtime and is badly The "Russian unit" ls the Department of UN now." staffed on holidays. The result is that all the Political A1fairs, headed by Arkady Shev- "Buffum isn't into intelllgence, but don't big KGB contacts with American recruits chenko, a widely respected Soviet diplomat. worry, we've got our people inside," another com& on New Year's, Thanksgiving, Easter, His 124-man department prepares key UN Amerlca.n explained. Christmas, or on weekends. They know the position papers on apartheid and decoloniza- An American mission officer commented, PBI men don't like to work weekends." tion, both key concerns of black African "Look, it's going on but what disturbs me .. Of course," the CIA man continued, "the leaders. ts how It's wrecking the UN. You know KGB always works weekends." He grinned. Several of Shevchenko's top aides are also Shevchenko's predecessor was a Russian, "They've got the ideological commitment. Russian, and according to American opera- and his predecessor was a Russian. It's llke They d-0n 't care a.bout overtime." tlves, when these fellows are not working a.t the titles and jobs are inherited Instead of their regular jobs, they are known t.o be distributed according to the charter... THE HI-FI SPY extremely keen on intelligence. These aides Who then ts minding the store at the UN, include Viacheslav Kuzmin and Georgly monitoring the office of Public Information, The~ spy game isn't always that serious. Kallnken, chief of the committee services headed by Ga.nechi Altatani, a Japanese, or One American intelligence agent recalled division. watching Nlltolat Fochine,. the Soviet prin- !how he was totally m.ystlfied a.tter tailing a The Chinese "unit," the Secretariat's De- cipal officer in the Office for Special Political mlddle-a.ged KGB ma.n who spent an hour e.t pa.rtment of Political Affairs, Trusteeship and Affairs, an agency that helps supervise the Secretariat, le!t work and proceeded by Decolonization is headed by Tang-m.lng peacekeeping forces? bus to a hi fl.. store on Third Ave. in the E. Chao, Shevchenko's arch riva.l. It 1s smaller It 1s not the UN Security &nd Safety Serv- 80's. The KGB man saw .a salesman inside, 14820 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 16, 1977 then went downtown into another hi-fl shop Finally, after four years of preparation them to fa.11. And when the voting arithmetic in the E. 40's and from there to an appliance 5,000 representatives from various countries began to take its toll in the late 60's, the outlet on Canal St. The second day, the KGB and organizations poured into Vancouver, U.S. ignored the problem and walked away man repeated his routine, ducking into vari and on May 31, 1976, the first session of Hab from the fight. ous stores and the third day it was the same. itat was convened. Secretary General Kurt Up until that time, technical conferences "I was begdnning to think lh.e had a net Waldheim himself was there to give his bless and agencies such as the World Health Orga work in some of the stores and was visiting ing. nization, were free from politics, for the most the others to make it look like he was shop Then the trouble started. First the elec pa-rt. Debate and rhetoric were confined to ping around," said the American agent. tronic system failed. When that was repaired, the Genera.I Assembly and the Security "After all, he had worked Paris and Vienna the Palestine Liberation Organization de Council. recruiting, trying to get some of our people manded more than "observer" status. Even the Soviet Union sought to keep 1n NATO, so I wondered what was happening. The chairman, Barnett Dansln, then Can technical projects free of polltics, but all More American agents were put on the ada's esteemed minister of housing, said he these efforts failed. KGB man's tail. One afternoon during the was sorry, but the PLO was not a. UN mem The 1974 International Women's Yeat following week, he was strolling down 45th ber. There was nothing he could do. Conference in Mexico City was turned into St. between Lexdn.gtan and Third with two That afternoon, the PLO and other Arab an anti-Israeli forum, as were earller con Americans behind, one in front and two delegates spread the word that Dansin was ferences held by the International Labor across the way, all switching places every so Jewish. How could the UN dare appoint a Organiootion, the l,JN Educational Scientific often to avoid discovery, all osten,sibly Jewish chairman? Western delegates pro Slhopping. · and Cultural Organization and the World tested. Dansin had visited all the Arab Health Organization. Still there was no hints of skull duggery. countries before the conference; everybody And the cold war waged by the Third The game continued. Finally, at the end of knew he was Jewish. What was the big deal? World-Arab alliance was not directed at Is the third week, j;h.e American agent got a The Arabs a.greed and pressured the PLO rael a.Ione. The machinery of the UN has been break. "One of our men inside th~ UN picked to settle down, watch the films and talk. But twisted to affect everything from informa up some information. The KGB man was at the end of the week, the conference was only shopping. It was legit. "But," the Amer tion satellites to pensions. A few examples: again in a shambles. The Panama Canal was hotly debated dur ican agent chuckled, "Not just for himself. Instead of setting up guidelines for hous He was shopping for the whole Soviet mis ing last year's meeting of the UN Universal ing and environmental protection, the dis Postal Union, an organization designed to sion and all the Russians inside the UN. That cussion sessions almost uniformly deterio is his assignment in New York. To find bar improve postal service a.round the world and rated into loud political brawls over Israel. at the International Tele-communication gains. Nothing else. It was a joke." A meeting on land use crumbled into accu But it was the exception. -W .S. Union. sations that Israel wasn't treating Palestin UNESCO was created to pl'omote friendly ian refugees well; a session on environment {From the Daily Nev.'S, May 5, 1977] cultural exchanges between nations. This settled into a discussion over whether Is yea.r's budget includes $1.& mlllion for direct A $26-MILLION DEMOLrrION JoB rael's occupied territories weren't badly run. aid to refugees and national liberation (By William Sherman) When it came time to vote, there was pre movements. It was a beautiful concept. Nearly all the cious little housing involved and no talk of Last fall, a resolution was introduced in UN delegates were enthralled when Habitat, cooperation. Almost without exception, the the General Assembly demanding that the an international conference on housing and resolutions were a barrage of condemnations UN employes• $1.3 bill1on pension funct liqui the environment, was proposed in 1972. After of Israel: "Zionism is racism," "Israel is an date $600 million in investments in highly all, housing is ,among the most pressing of 1llegitima.te state," and so on. The resolu rated western bloc corporate stocks and the world's problems, from Hai·Iem to Hyder tions passed 77-8 with 20 abstentions, 69-8 bonds and invest the proceeds in developing a.bact in Pakistan. with 26 abstentions, 73- 3 wlth 42 absten nations. The resolution passed in watered And the beauty of such a conference, they tions. Each time, the U.S. delegate protested down form after the employes, many from said, was that the problems are apolitical: the politicization of the conference·, along the Third World itself, decided that invest Filth and poverty and pollution knew no ide with Canada, Israel, West Germany and ments in developing nations were too risky. ology. If international guidelines could be other powers. Each time, they were voted The {)Ontroversy over apartheid raged in designed on how to develop human settle down. a. 1975 conference of the World Meteorologi ments without destroying the environment, if Many representatives didn't even bother cal Association, an agency supposedly de the wealthier and more knowledgeable na showing up for the votes, as reflected in the voted to the exchange of information of thfl tions could help the less privileged, then the different number of votes cast. Instead, they weather between countries. conference would be a rousing success. spent their afternoons wandering a.round A $100 mill1on UNESCO pl·an to end worl SENATE-Monday, May 16, 1977 The Senate met at 12 noon and was ing of the Journal of the proceedings of LIMITING CONGRESS called to order by Hon. ERNEST F. HOL Friday, May 13, 1977, be dispensed with. Mr. BAKER. Mr. President, I was LINGS, a Senator from the State of South The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem Carolina. pleased to note in the Sunday edition of Pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. the Washington Post an article entitled "Save Congress by Limiting It," by Ger PRAYER ald W. Siegel. Mr. Siegel articulates well The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward COMMITTEE MEETINGS a concept to which I am firmly devoted. L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following I would note particularly for the benefit prayer: Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, of my colleagues on the other side of the O God, whose splendor fills the world, I a sk unanimous consent that all com aisle that Mr. Siegel was once the chief quicken all the senses with which Thou mittees be authorized to meet during the counsel of the Senate Democratic Polley hast endowed us, that each may be an session of the Senate today. Committee. opening into the presence of the Eternal. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem I commend the article to the attention With eyes to see and ears to hear, may pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. of all my colleagues and ask unanimous the whole world be a. sanctuary where Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I yield to the consent that it be printed in the RECORD. we worship Thee in spirit and in truth. distinguished Senator from Washington. There being no objection, the article Open our minds to learn; open our was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, hearts to love; open our hands to give. as follows: And grant us grace to walk in paths of PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR SAVE CONGRESS BY LIMITING IT service for Thy name's sake. Amen. H.R. 5970 (By Gerald W. Siegel} Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, I ask Tho Founding Fathers never intended Con APPOINTMENT OF' ACTING PRESI unanimous consent that Richard Casad gress to be the fullttme institution of pro DENT PRO TEMPORE fessional lawmakers that it ha.s become. of my staff be granted the privilege of Rather, they foresaw a legislative branch that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the floor in connection with the military would meet fore. few months to set national clerk will please read a communication procurement bill, H.R. 5970. pollcies and en!lct the few laws necessary to to the Senate from the President pro The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem implement them. It was to be a citizen body tempore (Mr. EAsTLAND). pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. which, ideally, would always reflect ·the The legislative clerk read the following Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, broadest composition of our people: farmers, I have no further use for my time. I yield merchants, workers, lawyers, doctors a.nd so letter: forth. U.S. SENATE, it back. Of course, the Founding Fathers never PRESmENT PRO TEMPORE, The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem anticipated the complexity which has over Washington, D.C., lt!ay 16, 1977. pore. The Senator from Tennessee. taken us. But their conception of the role o! To the Senate: Mr. BAKER. Mr. President, I first yield Congress rem!lins valid. To return to such a Being temporarlly absent from the Sen to the distinguished Senator from North limited legislative role would be a major re ate on official duties, I appoint Hon. ERNEST Carolina
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