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WORK PLAN Paternoster Test Excavations HWC Case No 14082203 WORK PLAN Paternoster Test Excavations Proposed test excavations to determine the extent and significance of archaeological resources associated with the Paternoster Central Business Area on Farm Paternoster A No. 34 & Portion 2 of Farm Paternoster A No. 34, Malmesbury HWC Case No 14082203 Renée Rust & Liezl van Pletzen-Vos Jonathan Kaplan Pro-Active Archaeological Consultants Agency for Cultural Resource Management PostNet Suite 168, Private Bag X15 5 Stuart Road, Rondebosch, 7700 Somerset West, 7129 Ph/Fax: 021 685 7589 Renée: 082 394 5588 Mobile: 082 321 0172 Liezl: 083 2785 125 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Paternoster Test Excavations 2015 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................4 1.1. PCBA project.................................................................................................................................4 1.2. Archaeological Context.................................................................................................................6 1.2.1. The Paternoster Midden..............................................................................................................7 1.2.2. Burials.........................................................................................................................................7 1.3. HWC interim comments................................................................................................................8 1.4. Aims & Objectives........................................................................................................................9 1.5. Process.........................................................................................................................................10 2. TEST EXCAVATION.....................................................................................................................10 2.1. Sampling strategies......................................................................................................................11 2.1.1. Non- Probabilistic Sampling.....................................................................................................11 2.1.2. Stratified random sampling.......................................................................................................11 2.2. Test Squares.................................................................................................................................11 2.2.1. Zone 1: Paternoster Midden (Erf 70)........................................................................................13 2.2.2. Zone 2 - Erf 67 & 68................................................................................................................13 2.2.3. Zone 3 - Southern Boundary....................................................................................................14 2.2.4. Zone 4 - Western Boundary......................................................................................................14 2.3. Excavation methodology.............................................................................................................15 2.3.1. General test excavation.............................................................................................................15 2.3.2. Human Burials..........................................................................................................................16 3. RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATION PROCESS....................................................................16 4. SUMMARY....................................................................................................................................16 5. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION...................................................................................................17 5.1. Specialist......................................................................................................................................17 5.2. Landowner Permission................................................................................................................17 5.3. Repository Agreement.................................................................................................................17 5.4. Signature of Specialist.................................................................................................................18 6. REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................19 7. APPENDIX A: Landowner Permission..........................................................................................22 8. APPENDIX B: Repository Agreement...........................................................................................23 ACRM & PAAC 2015-08-31 1 Paternoster Test Excavations 2015 Index of Tables Table 1: Zone 1...................................................................................................................................13 Table 2: Zone 2...................................................................................................................................13 Table 3: Zone 3. Non-Probabilistic test pits.......................................................................................14 Table 4: Zone 3. Probabilistic test pits...............................................................................................14 Table 5: Zone 4...................................................................................................................................14 Illustration Index Figure 1: Location of Paternoster.........................................................................................................4 Figure 2: Development plan of PCBA.................................................................................................5 Figure 3: Location of test pits.............................................................................................................12 ACRM & PAAC 2015-08-31 2 Paternoster Test Excavations 2015 Paternoster Test Excavations Proposed test excavations to determine the extent and significance of archaeological resources associated with the Paternoster Central Business Area on Farm Paternoster A No. 34 & Portion 2 of Farm Paternoster A No. 34, Malmesbury District, Western Cape. 1. INTRODUCTION The Paternoster Central Business Area is located within the town of Paternoster on the West Coast of the Western Cape, approximately 160 km north of Cape Town (Figure 1). The property and area have been the subject of much archaeological enquiry in the form of Archaeological Impact Assessments (AIA) and academic work. Most recently Kaplan (2015) undertook an AIA on the property. In light of the limitations and recommendations discussed in the January 2015 report (Kaplan 2015), HWC has requested additional information is order to properly establish the significance and extent of the archaeological resources on the Paternoster Central Business Area (PCBA) (HWC 26 May 2015). This will be done through a test excavation project undertaken by ACRM & PAAC. 1.1. PCBA project The proposed project comprises an infill development and the upgrading of the Paternoster CBA (Figure 2) business district. The affected area is to be developed/redeveloped for mainly residential, Figure 1: Location of Paternoster commercial and tourism purposes (Figure ), and will entail the following: ACRM & PAAC 2015-08-31 3 Work Plan - Paternoster Test Excavation 2015 • 31 single residential erven • 22 general residential erven • 9 business erven • 1 institutional erf (museum/information centre) • public/private roads • parking areas, and • private and public open spaces Figure 2: Development plan of PCBA. Associated infrastructure includes a water reticulation network, a new sewerage network, surfaced roads and parking areas. Each property will receive its own connections. No bulk sewage mains or pump stations will be needed for the development. The area to be physically developed measures about 4.0 ha in extent and excludes the footprints of existing buildings to be retained, and spaces to ACRM & PAAC 2015-09-07 4 Work Plan - Paternoster Test Excavation 2015 be retained and landscaped. The development initiative is in response to the town’s growing profile as a tourist destination at a time when increasingly tight fishing quotas and the decline in the local fishing industry has dealt a severe economic blow to the village and its mainly poor inhabitants. 1.2. Archaeological Context A large number of CRM studies have been done in Paternoster over the last 20 years. These studies have been undertaken as a direct response to the increase in housing projects and other development related activities taking place in the historical village (Halkett & Hart 1992a, b; Halkett & Mutti 1998; Hart & Halkett 1995, 1998a, b; Kaplan 1993, 2002a, b, 2003, 2004a; 2005a, b, 2008a, b, c, 2009; Yates 1998). Many archaeological sites (the vast majority of them shell middens) have been recorded during the course of these surveys, of which a number have been excavated, and tested for their significance (Hart & Halkett 1996; Halkett 1996; Kaplan 2005 c, d, e; Nilssen 2007a, b; Yates 2003, 2004a, b; Patrick 2008; Patrick et al 2009; Smith 2006a, b; Smith et al 2008, 2009; Robertshaw 1977). While only two shell middens have been formally dated, excavations at Paternoster reveal intensive shellfish resource exploitation over
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