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E4754 REPÚBLICA DE MOÇAMBIQUE MINISTERIO DAS PESCAS Public Disclosure Authorized Instituto Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Pesca de Pequena Escala “Artisanal Fisheries and Climate Change Project (FishCC)” Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared by: Mario Souto Public Disclosure Authorized Maputo, October 2014 0 LIST OF ACRONYMS ADNAP National Administration for Fisheries AFD French Development Agency CAADP Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program CBNRM Community-Based Natural Resource Management CDAP Community Development Action Plans CPS Country Partnership Strategy FY12-15 DA District Administration DCC District Consultative Council DNA National Directorate for Water DNE National Directorate for Energy DNPO National Directorate for Planning DNAPOT National Directorate for Land Planning DNPA National Directorate for Environmental Promotion and Education DPA Provincial Directorate of Agriculture DPCA Provincial Directorate for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs DPPF Provincial Directorate of Planning and Finances DPP Provincial Directorate of Fisheries DPOPH Provincial Directorate of Public Works and Housing EA Environmental Assessment EDM Electricity Company/Electricidade de Moçambique EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EP Fisheries School ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FFP Fund for Fisheries Development FIPAG Urban Water Supply Asset Fund FISHCC Artisanal Fisheries and Climate Change Project FMP Fisheries Master Plan/Plano Director das Pescas 2010-2019 GDP Gross Domestic Product GOM Government of Mozambique IDA International Development Association IDPPE National Institute for the Development of Small-Scale Fisheries IIP National Institute for Fisheries Research INAQUA National Institute for Aquaculture Development INIP National Institute for Fish Inspection IOC Indian Ocean Commission MAE Ministry of State Administration MF Ministry of Finance MICOA Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs MINAG Ministry of Agriculture MISAU Ministry of Health MOPH Ministry of Public Works and Housing MP Ministry of Fisheries MPA Marine Protected Areas MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprises NAPA National Adaptation Program of Action NCSD National Commission for Sustainable Development NEMP National Environmental Management Program NEPAD New Partnership for Africa’s Development i NGO Non-Governmental Organization PARPA Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty PCU Project Coordination Unit PDD District Development Plans (Plano Distrital de Desenvolvimento) PDUT District Land Use Plan PEPA Environmental Quality Standards of Mozambique Projects PF Process Framework PLPP Provincial level project personnel (with monitoring responsibilities) PPU Provincial Project Unit PQG Government Five Year Plan PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy RAP Resettlement Action Plan RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SDAE District Services of Economic Activities SDMAS District Services of Women, Social Affairs and Health SDPI District Services of Planning and Infrastructure ToR Terms of Reference UCA Coordination and Support Unit UNDP United Nations Development Program VMS Vessel Monitoring System WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS I TABLE OF CONTENTS III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VI SUMÁRIO EXECUTIVO XIX 1- INTRODUCTION 1 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3 2.1 Project Components 3 2.3 Anticipated Sub-project Types under the Project 4 3. DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT IN MOZAMBIQUE AND THE PROJECT AREAS 5 3.1 General Country Development Context and Project Relevance 5 3.2 Country’s Reliance on Agriculture and Fisheries and Poverty Reduction 7 3.2.1 The Fisheries Sector 8 3.3 The Climate Change Challenge 10 4. PROJECT TARGETED AREAS 13 4.1 Location 13 4.2 Physical Environment 14 4.3 Biological Environment 14 4.4 Socio-economic Situation 16 5- WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS POLICIES 18 5.1 Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) 18 5.2 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) 20 5.3 Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04) 20 5.4 Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11) 20 6 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT IN MOZAMBIQUE 22 iii 6.1 Legal Framework 22 6.1.1 Adherence to International and Regional Conventions and Protocols 22 6.1.2 Approval of Domestic Policy and Legal Instruments 23 6.2 Institutional Framework 28 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TARGETED AREAS 30 8 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 32 8.1 Potential adverse environmental and social impacts 33 8.3 Potential positive impacts 36 8.4 Measures to mitigate negative impacts 37 9 GUIDELINES FOR SUB-PROJECT SCREENING, PREPARATION, APPRAISAL, APPROVAL AND MONITORING 45 9.1 Screening of Project Activities and Sites 46 9.2 Assigning the Appropriate Environmental and Social Categories 46 9.3 Carrying out Environmental and Social Work 47 9.4 Environmental and Social Checklist: 47 9.5 Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) 47 9.6 Subproject Review and Approval 48 9.7 Participatory Public Consultation and Disclosure 48 9.8 Annual Monitoring Reports and review 50 9.9 Environmental and Social Audit 50 9.10 Other Important Issues 51 9.10.1 Integration and harmonization with the district land use plans 51 10 GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 52 10.1 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 52 11 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING REQUIREMENTS 53 11.1 Institutional Capacity Assessment and Analysis 53 11.2 Proposed Training and Awareness Programs 53 11.3. Technical Assistance (TA) 54 iv 12 ESMF MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 55 13 PROPOSED ESTIMATED IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET. 56 REFERENCES 57 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONSULTING SERVICES (INDIVIDUAL) PP MAPUTO, APRIL 2014 PP List of Figures Figure 1: FishCC Map .................................................................................................... 13 List of Tables Table 1: Safeguard Policies Triggered by the Project .................................................... 18 Table 2: Measures to mitigate negative impacts ............................................................ 38 Table 3: Estimated budget for ESMF implementation ................................................... 56 List of Annexes Annex 1: Status Quo of Preparation of District Land Use Plans in the Potential Project Area (provinces) ............................................................................................................... B Annex 2: Environmental and Social Screening Form for subprojects ............................. A Annex 3: Preliminary Environmental Information Sheet ................................................. C Annex 4: Checklist for environmental and social impacts ............................................... F Annex 5: Environmental and Social Clauses ................................................................... G Annex 6: Summary of Main Issues from the Public Participation/Consultation Process N Annex 7: List of People Consulted ................................................................................ NN Annex 8: Terms of Reference for the Formulation of the ESMF and PF ...................... PP v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) is prepared for the Artisanal Fisheries and Climate Change Project (FishCC). In addition to the Government of Mozambique FishCC is co-financed by the Nordic Development Fund (NDF), the World Bank (WB) and an NGO, Rare, as a way of supporting the Government of Mozambique (GOM) to achieve three important objectives subdivided into an equal number of time horizons, namely: (i) long term: “to sustainably increase the economic benefits generated by South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) marine resources, and the proportion of those benefits captured within the region”; (ii) medium term: “to strengthen Mozambican capacity for management of resources and to reduce poverty among coastal artisanal fisheries of Mozambique supported by policies and institutions at national, provincial, district and local levels; and (iii) immediate (short term) objective: “to identify/demonstrate a scalable approach that will reduce Mozambique’s vulnerability to climate change, while improving fisheries and natural resource management outcomes. The above-mentioned objectives will be achieved through a combination of interventions aimed at facilitating the development of community-based, coastal natural resources management groups (CCPs – Community Fisheries Councils) to manage and steward Territorial User Rights for Fishers (TURF) - reserves. Rare’s Theory of Change and Pride Social Marketing Campaigns will be adopted as the main approaches to work with the involved communities. IDPPE (National Institute for the Development of Small Scale Fisheries) staff from the Ministry of Fisheries (MF) is expected to play a crucial role in the delivery process. Communities and their rights to natural resources and particularly marine resources as well as their rights to manage them will be at the center of the intervention. It is expected that the above- mentioned approaches will assist in the achievement of important development objectives such as (i) reestablishment of the health of ecosystems in coastal waters, which will increase ecological resilience to climate change and expand