Atlantic Countries' Voting Patterns on Human Rights and Human
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Scott Herring, Series Editor
ABNORMATIVITIES: QUEER/GENDER/EMBODIMENT Scott Herring, Series Editor PREVENTION GENDER, SEXUALITY, HIV, AND THE MEDIA IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE CHRISTINE CYNN THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS COLUMBUS This edition licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs License. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Control Number: 2018020066 Cover image: Aboudia. Untitled, 2013. Acrylic and mixed media on canvas, 198 x 124 cm (00557). Image courtesy Jack Bell Gallery, London. Cover design by Susan Zucker Text design by Juliet Williams Type set in Adobe Minion Pro The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48-1992. CONTENTS List of Illustrations vi Acknowledgments ix INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 AIDS as an “Imaginary Syndrome”: Humor as Negotiation of Racism, Austerity, and the Single-Party State 18 CHAPTER 2 Popular Satiric State Television Programs and HIV Prevention 50 CHAPTER 3 Regulating Female Reproductive Potential: Abortion and Family as HIV Prevention 95 CHAPTER 4 The Melodrama and the Social Marketing of HIV Prevention 138 CHAPTER 5 “Stay away from unhealthy places”: Sex Work, Condoms, and the NGO 169 AFTERWORD 203 Bibliography 209 Index 229 ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1.1 Sketch of “Moussa” 28 FIGURE 1.2 AIDS is there . IT KILLS 46 FIGURE 1.3 Ivorian athlete Gabriel Tiacoh 47 FIGURE 1.4 Emaciated bodies as index of the truth of AIDS 48 FIGURE 1.5 Television spot: “AIDS is not a joke. -
University of Cape Town 2019 University
EXAMINING THE IMPEDIMENTS TO CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN WEST AFRICA: A STUDY OF THE ECOWAS INTERVENTIONS IN LIBERIA (1990) AND COTE D’IVOIRE (2010). Town Emmanuel Ampomah (AMPEMM001) A minor dissertation submitted in partial fulfilmentCape of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Socialof Science in International Relations Faculty of the Humanities University of Cape Town 2019 University Supervisor Associate Professor John Akokpari i The copyright of this thesis vests inTown the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes Capeonly. of Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University COMPULSORY DECLARATION This work has not been previously submitted in whole, or in part, for the award of any degree. It is my own work. Each significant contribution to, and quotation in, this dissertation from the work, or works, of other people has been attributed, and has been cited and referenced. Signature: Date: 22 July 2019 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe a depth of gratitude to the underlisted individuals and organizations for their immense contributions towards my academic work and personal development: To Associate Professor John Akokpari, thank you for the advice, support and guidance throughout the conceptualization and writing of this piece, To the Mastercard Foundation, I am extremely grateful for your support throughout my academic journey at the University of Cape Town, To my family, especially Ebenezer and Grace Ampomah, you ignite hope in me every day, To Danielle Nkau, I can’t thank you enough for your support and concern. -
Côte D'ivoire
CÔTE D’IVOIRE COI Compilation August 2017 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire COI Compilation August 2017 This report collates country of origin information (COI) on Côte d’Ivoire up to 15 August 2017 on issues of relevance in refugee status determination for Ivorian nationals. The report is based on publicly available information, studies and commentaries. It is illustrative, but is neither exhaustive of information available in the public domain nor intended to be a general report on human-rights conditions. The report is not conclusive as to the merits of any individual refugee claim. All sources are cited and fully referenced. Users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa Immeuble FAALO Almadies, Route du King Fahd Palace Dakar, Senegal - BP 3125 Phone: +221 33 867 62 07 Kora.unhcr.org - www.unhcr.org Table of Contents List of Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. 4 1 General Information ....................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Historical background ............................................................................................ -
UNITED NATIONS Governing Council of the United Nations Environment
UNITED NATIONS EP UNEP/GCSS.IX/11 Distr.: General Governing Council 16 March 2006 of the United Nations Environment Programme Original: English Ninth special session of the Governing Council/ Global Ministerial Environment Forum Dubai, 7–9 February 2006 Proceedings of the Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment Forum at its ninth special session Introduction The ninth special session of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment Forum was held at the Dubai International Convention Centre in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, from 7 to 9 February 2006. It was convened in pursuance of paragraph 1 (g) of Governing Council decision 20/17 of 5 February 1999, entitled “Views of the Governing Council on the report of the Secretary-General on environment and human settlements”; Governing Council decision 23/12 of 7 April 2005, entitled “Provisional agendas, dates and venues of the ninth special session of the Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment Forum and the twenty-fourth session of the Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment Forum”, paragraph 6 of General Assembly resolution 53/242 of 28 July 1999, entitled “Report of the Secretary-General on environment and human settlements”; and paragraph 5 of General Assembly resolution 40/243 of 18 December 1985, entitled “Pattern of conferences”; and in accordance with rules 5 and 6 of the rules of procedure of the Governing Council. I. Opening of the session A. Ceremonial opening 1. The ceremonial opening of the ninth special session of the UNEP Governing Council/Global Ministerial Environment Forum was held on Monday, 6 February 2006, in conjunction with the award ceremony for the third Zayed International Prize for the Environment. -
FERDI-WP266-Civil Conflict and Firm Recovery: Evidence from Post
Pap ing er rk o W s fondation pour les études et recherches sur le développement international e D i 266May c e li ve 2020 o lopment P Civil conflict and firm recovery: Evidence from post-electoral crisis in Côte d’Ivoire* Florian Léon Ibrahima Dosso Florian Léon, Research Officer, FERDI. [email protected] Ibrahima Dosso, Consultant, World Bank, PhD Student, Université Clermont Auvergne, CERDI. [email protected] Abstract This paper examines how firms recover after a short, but severe, external shock. Thanks to a rich firm-level database, we follow surviving formal enterprises before, during and after the 2011 post-electoral crisis in Cˆote d’Ivoire. Main findings are summarized as follows. First, recovery was rapid in the first year but imperfect: three years after the shock, firms did not reach their previous level of productivity. Second, we show a wide heterogeneity in recovery across firms (within the same industry). Young and local firms were more able to rebound after the crisis. In addition, credit-constrained firms were less resilient, highlighting the importance of access to credit in post-crisis periods. Finally, the recovery was higher for labor- intensive firms but firms relying more on skilled workers and managers faced a lower rebound. Key words: Political violence; Firm; Recovery; Africa; Labor. JEL Classification: D22; L25; N47; O12. * We would like to thank the National Institute of Statistics for sharing data with us. We also thank Pierrick Baraton, Luisito Bertinelli, Arnaud Bourgain, Joël Cariolle, Lisa Chauvet, Boubacar Diallo, Marie-Hélène Hubert, Jordan Loper, Patrick Plane, Laurent Weill and Alexandra Zins, as well as participants at African Development Bank (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire) and CERDI (Clermont-Ferrand, France), and audiences at JMA (Casablanca, Morocco) and AFSE Conference (Orléans, France), for their helpful advice. -
French Foreign Aid Policies in Côte D'ivoire
French foreign aid policies in Côte d’Ivoire: a continuance of colonial legacies and a cause for the Ivorian state’s legitimacy deficit During and after the First Ivorian Civil War and the Second Ivorian Civil War Name: Anke Besseling Student number: 11013729 Course: Foreign Aid, Development and the Politics of Legitimation in Africa Readers: Dr. Michael Onyebuchi Eze & dr. Sebastian Krapohl Date: 24 June 2019 Word count: 8714 words Source: Ballouhey 2010. Table of contents Introduction 3 Literature review 5 Theoretical framework 8 Methodology 13 Data: case description of Côte d’Ivoire 14 Analysis 18 Conclusion 23 Bibliography 24 2 Introduction The cartoon from 2010 on the title page of this thesis represents French president Nicolas Sarkozy choosing between two Ivorian ‘products’: presidential candidates Laurent Gbagbo and Alassane Ouattara. France indeed chose one of the two ‘products’: that is, France chose to support Ouattara over Gbagbo. France even helped Ouattara’s forces to arrest Gbagbo on 11 April in 2011. As a result, Ouattara became president of Côte d’Ivoire in 2011. ‘Le France Afrique march encore…’ stands for unequal and exploitative economic relationships between France and (former) French African colonies, which are assumed to still be in place. The term France Afrique was first used in 1955 by the former president of Côte d’Ivoire, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to describe these ‘good’ economic relationships. That is to say, the France Afrique community received a privileged economic status in France and Europe, France protected African regimes, offered aid packages and supplied African elite leaders with European consumer goods (Bovcon 2009: 283 – 284). -
The Trial of Laurent Gbagbo and Charles Blé Goudé at the ICC
Open Society Justice Initiative BRIEFING PAPER The Trial of Laurent Gbagbo and Charles Blé Goudé at the ICC JAJ January 2016 Laurent Koudou Gbagbo, former president of Côte d’Ivoire, faces charges at the ICC for crimes against humanity committed in the aftermath of contested presidential elections in 2010. Charles Blé Goudé, Gbagbo’s Youth Minister and long-time supporter, is facing similar charges. The two will be tried together before the ICC for allegedly conspiring to keep Gbagbo in office by any means necessary—including by committing crimes against humanity. 224 West 57th Street, New York, New York, 10019, United States | TEL +1-212-548-0600 | FAX +1-212-548-4662 | [email protected] BRIEFING PAPER GBAGBO AND BLÉ GOUDÉ 2 The Defendants Laurent Koudou Gbagbo is the former president of Côte d’Ivoire. Prior to assuming the presidency in 2000, Gbagbo was a historian and a political dissident. After secretly founding the Front Populaire Ivoirien (Ivorian Popular Front (FPI)) as an opposition party to President Felix Houphouët-Boigny’s one-party rule, Gbagbo spent most of the 1980s in exile in France. Gbagbo returned to Côte d’Ivoire in 1988 to compete against incumbent Houphouet-Boigny in the 1990 presidential race, the country’s first multi-party elections. Though defeated for the presidency, Gbagbo later won a seat in the National Assembly. Amid ongoing political and ethnic unrest throughout Côte d’Ivoire, Gbagbo won the highly contentious and violent 2000 Ivorian presidential elections. Gbagbo remained president until 2010, when he was defeated in a highly contentious presidential election by Alassane Ouattara. -
Challenges to Economic Growth in Post-Conflict Environments
CHALLENGES TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN POST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTS NEW TRENDS IN HUMAN CAPITAL LOSS, AID EFFECTIVENESS, AND TRADE LIBERALIZATION Jonathan D. Brandon Tutor: Xavier Fernández Pons Treball Final de Màster Màster d’Internacionalització Facultat d'Economia i Empresa Universitat de Barcelona Abril 2018 Abstract: The UNDP estimates that 526,000 people die each year as a result of violent conflict, making conflict deterrence a top priority for the international community. Immediately following a major conflict, countries that stagnate in economic growth have a 40% risk of conflict recurrence, yet those who successfully maintain high economic growth see their risk reduced to 25%. Due to this, stimulating growth should be a top priority in any economic reconstruction model. This paper aims to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of selected stimulants of economic growth: foreign direct investment, trade and financial liberalization, developmental assistance, and humanitarian aid. The subsequent macroeconomic responses are evaluated throughout the sample of 30 conflicts terminated between 1989 and 2014. This paper also explores the social and economic impacts of conflict and violence and develops a new indicator, the Human Capital Loss index, to quantify conflict intensity levels within the sample. Post-conflict countries require strong surges of investment, aid, and debt relief immediately following war, and those in the low income country (LIC) grouping require substantially greater efforts on the part of the international community -
Monitoring and Indicators of Forest Biodiversity in Europe – from Ideas to Operationality
Monitoring and Indicators of Forest Biodiversity in Europe – From Ideas to Operationality Marco Marchetti (ed.) EFI Proceedings No. 51, 2004 European Forest Institute IUFRO Unit 8.07.01 European Environment Agency IUFRO Unit 4.02.05 IUFRO Unit 4.02.06 Joint Research Centre Ministero della Politiche Accademia Italiana di University of Florence (JRC) Agricole e Forestali – Scienze Forestali Corpo Forestale dello Stato EFI Proceedings No. 51, 2004 Monitoring and Indicators of Forest Biodiversity in Europe – From Ideas to Operationality Marco Marchetti (ed.) Publisher: European Forest Institute Series Editors: Risto Päivinen, Editor-in-Chief Minna Korhonen, Technical Editor Brita Pajari, Conference Manager Editorial Office: European Forest Institute Phone: +358 13 252 020 Torikatu 34 Fax. +358 13 124 393 FIN-80100 Joensuu, Finland Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.efi.fi/ Cover illustration: Vallombrosa, Augustus J C Hare, 1900 Layout: Kuvaste Oy Printing: Gummerus Printing Saarijärvi, Finland 2005 Disclaimer: The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the event mentioned on the back cover. They reflect the authors' opinions and do not necessarily correspond to those of the European Forest Institute. © European Forest Institute 2005 ISSN 1237-8801 (printed) ISBN 952-5453-04-9 (printed) ISSN 14587-0610 (online) ISBN 952-5453-05-7 (online) Contents Pinborg, U. Preface – Ideas on Emerging User Needs to Assess Forest Biodiversity ......... 7 Marchetti, M. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 9 Session 1: Emerging User Needs and Pressures on Forest Biodiversity De Heer et al. Biodiversity Trends and Threats in Europe – Can We Apply a Generic Biodiversity Indicator to Forests? ................................................................... 15 Linser, S. The MCPFE’s Work on Biodiversity ............................................................. -
West Africa: Regional Context and Susceptibility to Criminal Economies – 31
2. WEST AFRICA: REGIONAL CONTEXT AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CRIMINAL ECONOMIES – 31 Chapter 2. West Africa: Regional context and susceptibility to criminal economies This chapter reviews the key characteristics of the West African region that are relevant both to understanding the growth of criminal economies, and their interactions with citizens and the state. These issues include the development and demographic status of West African countries, and the dynamics of the region’s economy and trade. The chapter provides an overview of the region’s governance and democracy, and highlights salient features of its peace and security, or instability. Taken together, these characteristics impact on the way criminality develops in the region. Consequently, they are relevant for developing responses to criminality and illicit financial flows, and working to mitigate the impact of these factors on development. ILLICIT FINANCIAL FLOWS: THE ECONOMY OF ILLICIT TRADE IN WEST AFRICA © OECD 2018 32 – 2. WEST AFRICA: REGIONAL CONTEXT AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CRIMINAL ECONOMIES Introduction This report focuses on West Africa and the 15 countries covered by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS): Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. ECOWAS brings these countries together around the shared commitment to build a “borderless, peaceful, prosperous and cohesive region, built on good governance” (ECOWAS, 2011). This commitment recognises that owing to a range of systemic factors, West African nations and peoples are uniquely bound together, with highly homogenous societies and interwoven, complementary economies. As borders between these states are highly porous, freedom of movement and trade sits at the cornerstone of a shared understanding of resilience, economic growth and development. -
Military Intervention in the Gambia: Lessons from the Ivory Coast, Liberia and Sierra Leone
BRICS LAW JOURNAL Volume V (2018) Issue 2 MILITARY INTERVENTION IN THE GAMBIA: LESSONS FROM THE IVORY COAST, LIBERIA AND SIERRA LEONE MARKO SVICEVIC, University of Pretoria (Pretoria, South Africa) DOI: 10.21684/2412-2343-2018-5-2-49-71 This article analyses the recent Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) military intervention in the Gambia, primarily focusing on possible legal bases for the enforcement action. It examines the political situation following the release of the election results and details the international response to the post-election situation in the Gambia. Among the legal bases assessed include United Nations Security Council authorisation of regional enforcement action under Chapter VIII of the U.N. Charter through Resolution 2337 (2017), intervention by invitation and consent through prior treaty. In so doing, the article also illuminates the plausibility that the ECOWAS military intervention may be considered as unilateral enforcement action, a point further stressed through an analysis of prior ECOWAS interventions, most notable, the interventions into Sierra Leone and Liberia. Moreover, the intervention in the Ivory Coast following the 2010–2011 post- election crisis is also examined in showcasing the situational similarities between those in the Ivory Coast and those in the Gambia. In so doing, the article inter alia, explores the international legal framework pertaining to the prohibition of the threat and use of force; analysing its nature as well as exceptions to it. Article 2(4) of the U.N. Charter, read together with Article 53, therefore form the backbone of the contribution. Keywords: military intervention; United Nations Security Council; regional organisations; regional enforcement action; African Union; ECOWAS. -
NATO's Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic
NATO’s Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era F. Stephen Larrabee Prepared for the United States Air Force Approved for public release; distribution unlimited R Project AIR FORCE The research reported here was sponsored by the United States Air Force under Contract F49642-C-96-0001. Further information may be obtained from the Strategic Planning Division, Directorate of Plans, Hq USAF. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Larrabee, F. Stephen. NATO’s Eastern agenda in a new strategic era / F. Stephen Larrabee. p. cm. “MR-1744.” Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8330-3467-7 (pbk.) 1. North Atlantic Treaty Organization—Military policy. 2. Former communist countries—Military relations—Europe. 3. Europe—Military relations—Former communist countries. 4. United States—Military policy. 5. World politics—21st century. I. Title. UA646.8.L37 2003 355'.031'0918210947—dc22 2003017570 Cover photo courtesy of NATO photos, www.nato.int. Press Point between President Vaclav Havel (right) and NATO Secretary General Lord Robertson (left) at the Prague Castle. RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND® is a registered trademark. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of its research sponsors. Cover design by Stephen Bloodsworth © Copyright 2003 RAND All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval)