DOCSLIB.ORG

Probati Auctores Ursprünge Und Funktionen Einer Wenig Beachteten Quelle Kanonistischer Tradition Und Argumentation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Probati Auctores Ursprünge Und Funktionen Einer Wenig Beachteten Quelle Kanonistischer Tradition Und Argumentation Zeitschrift des Max-Planck-Instituts für europäische Rechtsgeschichte Rechts R Journal of the Max Planck Institute for European Legal History geschichte g Rechtsgeschichte Legal History www.rg.mpg.de http://rg.rg.mpg.de/Rg20 Rg 20 2012 138 – 154 ChristophH.F.Meyer Probati auctores Ursprünge und Funktionen einer wenig beachteten Quelle kanonistischer Tradition und Argumentation Dieser Beitrag steht unter einer Creative Commons cc-by-nc-nd 3.0 Zusammenfassung Abstract Der Artikel ist den sog. probati auctores ge- This article deals with the so-called probati widmet, d. h. Kanonisten und Theologen, die auctores,i.e.thosecanonistsandtheologianswho gemeinhin als bewährte und getreue Interpreten are commonly regarded as reliable and faithful derLehrederkatholischenKircheinFragendes interpreters of the doctrine of the Catholic Kirchenrechts, des Glaubens oder der Moral Church in regard to canon law, belief and morals. anerkannt sind. Die Ursprünge dieser Wahrneh- Therespectivecategoryoriginatedbothfroma mungskategorie liegen teils in einer Personalisie- personalization of the doctrine of communis opinio rung der Lehre von der communis opinio,dieim which was developed in the late medieval Ius spätmittelalterlichen Ius Commune entwickelt Commune, and from older theological notions worden ist, teils in älteren theologischen Vor- such as the ideal of the holy Church Father and stellungen wie z. B. von dem heiligen Kirchenvater the Doctor of the Church. Starting with a decision und Kirchenlehrer. Ausgehend von einer Ent- made by Benedict XIV in 1744 (Redditae Nobis)the scheidung Benedikts XIV. (Redditae Nobis)von article looks into the question why the »approved 1744, wird der Frage nachgegangen, weshalb die authors« played such a significant role in canon »bewährten Autoren« in der Kanonistik bis ins law until the 20th century, whereas the communis 20. Jahrhundert eine so hervorragende Rolle opinio lost its importance in civil jurisprudence in spielten, während die communis opinio in der the course of the 18th century. Against the weltlichen Jurisprudenz im Laufe des 18. Jahr- background of the history of science this brings hunderts zunehmend an Bedeutung verlor. Dabei to light a particular demand for and supply of kommen vor dem Hintergrund der zeitgenössi- canon law information. On the one hand there schen Wissenschaftsgeschichte u. a. kanonistische was an interest in a universal and »Roman« view Informationsbedürfnisse und -angebote in den ofcanonlaw,ontheotherhandtheRomanCuria Blick. Das betrifft zum einen das Interesse an used the probati auctores as a means of influencing einem gesamtkirchlichen und »römischen« Bild the process of opinion-formation in canon law. des Kirchenrechts, zum anderen die Funktion der This working paper ends with a brief look at the probati auctores als Instrument der Kurie, durch knowledge potential and possible research per- das sie die kanonistische Meinungsbildung beein- spectives in this particular field. flussen konnte. Das working paper endet mit einem □× Ausblick auf das allgemeine Erkenntnispotential und mögliche Forschungsperspektiven. □× Rg 20 2012 ChristophH.F.Meyer Probati auctores Ursprünge und Funktionen einer wenig beachteten Quelle kanonistischer Tradition und Argumentation* Es gehört zu den Grunderfahrungen wissen- chen vorteilhaft erweisen. Für die bis heute noch schaftlicher Entwicklung, dass es im Gefolge gro- wenig erforschte Geschichte der Kanonistik in der ßer Umbrüche und Innovationen oft zu beträcht- Frühen Neuzeit lässt sich dagegen eine solche lichen Verlusten nunmehr veralteten Wissens positive Entwicklung nur begrenzt beobachten. 3 kommt. Haben sich die Kräfte der Erneuerung erst Im Gegenteil, vieles, was man im 19. und frühen einmal in solche der Beharrung verwandelt, lässt 20. Jahrhundert mit Blick auf das geltende Recht sich oft kaum noch sagen, welche der ehedem noch wissen musste, war (früh)neuzeitlichen Ur- obsoleten Einsichten vielleicht schon wieder von sprungs und geriet nach der Kodifikation in Ver- Interesse sind. Der Rechtshistoriker E. Seckel hat gessenheit. Das galt nicht zuletzt für manche dieses Phänomen mit der Wendung »Katastrophen Besonderheiten der Kanonistik, die wertvolle Ein- des Vergessens« umschrieben, 1 die der Ägyptologe sichtenindasFachundseineGeschichtevermit- J. Assmann später aufgegriffen und popularisiert teln. hat. 2 Seckel hatte einen konkreten Vorgang in der Eine solche Besonderheit, die sog. probati auc- römischen Rechtswissenschaft der Antike vor tores, stellt sich jedoch nur auf den ersten Blick als Augen, und zwar den Verlust großer Teile der ein Opfer dieser Wissensverluste dar. Betrachtet klassischen, von Kasuistik geprägten Juristenschrif- man sie genauer, dann verweisen die probati aucto- ten, die man in nachklassischer Zeit nicht mehr res nicht nur auf bemerkenswerte Wege, um der brauchte und die deshalb in Vergessenheit gerie- »Katastrophe des Vergessens« zu entrinnen, son- ten. Vergleichbare, wenn auch nicht immer kata- dern auch auf wenig beachtete Überlebensstrate- strophenhafte Entwicklungen lassen sich auch in gien der (kanonistischen) Tradition im Zeitalter anderen Bereichen der Rechtsgeschichte beobach- der Kodifikation. – Das Phänomen der »bewährten ten. Autoren« soll im Folgenden unter historischen Einer davon ist die Wissenschaft vom katholi- Gesichtspunkten etwas genauer untersucht wer- schen Kirchenrecht, in der es im Gefolge der den. Es steht in enger Verbindung mit verwandten Kodifikation des kanonischen Rechts zu Beginn Erscheinungen in der weltlichen Rechtswissen- des 20. Jahrhunderts zu umfangreichen Wissens- schaft, die im Common Law unter der Bezeich- verlusten kam. Wie das deutsche Bürgerliche nung books of authority geläufigsindunddiesich Gesetzbuch von 1900 das Ende der historischen als Schriften besonders anerkannter Juristen, die Rechtsschule besiegelte, so führte der Codex Iuris vor Gericht, in der Verwaltung und in der Rechts- Canonici von 1917 auf längere Sicht betrachtet zur wissenschaft hervorragendes Ansehen genießen, Marginalisierung einer im Dienst des geltenden umschreiben lassen. 4 Solche books of authority Rechts stehenden Beschäftigung mit den älteren fallen aus Sicht eines modernen Rechtsverständ- Quellen des Kirchenrechts, die fortan vor allem als nisses insofern aus dem Rahmen, als es sich bei historische Quellen von Interesse waren. Für man- ihnen um Rechtsliteratur handelt, d. h. um theore- che Epochen der Kirchenrechtsgeschichte (z. B. die tisch-diskursive Werke, denen jedoch genauso wie Antike und das 12.–14. Jh.) sollte sich der damit etwa den hoch- und spätmittelalterlichen Rechts- einhergehende Historisierungsschub als ausgespro- büchern (z. B. dem Sachsenspiegel) rechtliche, mit- * Der vorliegende Aufsatz ist aus einer 1Seckel (1921) 11. 163–230; Meyer (2012a). Zum For- größeren Untersuchung erwachsen, 2Assmann (1991). schungsstand für den deutschspra- dieinzwischenindigitalerForm 3 Zur frühneuzeitlichen kirchlichen chigen Raum vgl. Haering (1992) veröffentlicht worden ist. Vgl. Meyer Rechtsgeschichte vgl. Plöchl 270–273; Stolleis (2004) 103. (2012b). (1966–1970); Munier (1964); 4Koschaker (1966) 99–105; David Weitzel (2007); Link (2009) 99–119; (1984) 142 f. Ferner vgl. Duve (2003). Duve (2010); Fantappiè (2011) 138 Probati auctores Recherche research unter sogar Richter bindende Autorität zugebilligt siert ist und sich traditioneller Methoden bedient. wurde, ohne dass diese Ausfluss gesetzgeberischer Ihmgehtesumetwasanderes.UnterHinweisauf Gewalt war. 5 den Codex Iuris Canonici von 1917 hebt van Hove mit der Bezeichnung als zweites goldenes Zeitalter auf den nachhaltigen Einfluss jener älteren Ver- I. Von der communis opinio doctorum zu den fasser ab, deren Werke es auch nach dem Inkraft- »bewährten Autoren« treten des neuen Gesetzbuchs zu konsultieren galt, und zwar vor allem dann, wenn es sich um altes Worin die Bedeutung der hier interessierenden Recht handelte, dessen Normen aufgrund der probati auctores liegen könnte, zeigt die Periodisie- überkommenen Doktrin, soweit sie von den sog. rung und Bewertung der frühneuzeitlichen Kano- probati auctores rezipiert worden war, ausgelegt nistik in der jüngeren Forschung. Folgt man der werden mussten. 12 Solche »bewährten Autoren« Literatur, dann bildet der Tod Benedikts XIV. dienten demnach als wichtiges Hilfsmittel für das (1740–1758) eine Zäsur. Er steht für das Ende der Verständnis des kodikarischen Rechts und als ein nachtridentinischen katholischen Kirchenrechts- Bindeglied zwischen vormoderner und moderner wissenschaft, in der verschiedene Autoren ein zwei- Kanonistik. So gesehen waren es nicht zuletzt die tes goldenes Zeitalter der Kanonistik nach der sog. Werke der probati auctores, die den bleibenden klassischen Periode sehen. 6 Die Frage, ob bzw. Wert der nachtridentinischen Kanonistik aus- inwieweit die Bewertung gerechtfertigt ist, 7 kann machten. 13 hier offen bleiben. Von Interesse sind vielmehr die Van Hoves Einschätzung, der gesetzliche Vor- Überlegungen, die dieser Etikettierung zugrunde gaben und zeitgenössische Auslegungspraxis zu- liegen. Sie geht in der jüngeren Forschung vor grunde liegen, findet sich in seinen Prolegomena allem auf Ch. Lefebvre zurück. Dieser hat die Be- wortgleich in der ersten und zweiten Auflage von zeichnung von A. van Hove übernommen, der in 1928 bzw. 1945. 14 Aus Sicht des Jahres 1928 wird seinem Urteil wohl von F.X. Wernz abhängig ist. 8 man diese Auffassung für durchaus zutreffend Während sich Wernz mit dem Epitheton aurea halten können, während sie für die 1940er Jahre aetas vor allem gegen die
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Proquest Dissertations
    THE RELIGIOUS STATE ACCORDING TO SUAREZ by John F. Martin, S.J. A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Canon Law, Saint Paul University, Ottawa, Canada, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Canon Law ,1 .u Ottawa* Ottawa, Canada, 1984 © John F. Martin, Ottawa, Canada, 1985. UMI Number: DC53636 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform DC53636 Copyright 2011 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Various circumstances have delayed the completion of this dissertation more than three years beyond the date I had originally anticipated. Accordingly, I wish to thank all those individuals whose patient encouragement has sustained me throughout the course of this project. In the first place, this study was made possible by my religious superiors and my brothers in Christ of the Maryland Province of the Society of Jesus. Two of these are deserving of special mention. Father Joseph P. Whelan, first as Assistant for Formation and Studies, and later as Provincial Superior of the Maryland Province, was the key influence in my embarking upon this work and in its sub­ sequent prosecution.
    [Show full text]
  • Multinormativity Emerges from Multilevel Governance. Uses of the Council of Trent in Examinations for Ecclesiastical Benefices in 19Th-Century Brazil
    ADMINISTORY ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR VERWALTUNGSGESCHICHTE BAND 5, 2020 SEITE 96–115 D O I : 10.2478/ADHI-2020-0007 Multinormativity Emerges From Multilevel Governance. Uses of the Council of Trent in Examinations for Ecclesiastical Benefices in 19th-Century Brazil ANNA CLARA LEHMANN MARTINS Introduction1 Nineteenth-century Brazilian ecclesiastical and discipline, the setting of diocesan limits, the control administration can be recognised as the object of a over norms issued by the Holy See, etc.4 Despite the system of multilevel governance orientated by a wide nationalist waves observed during the 19th century, the range of normative resources. Not only the local clergy, Brazilian Church was not excluded from contact with but also imperial institutions and the Roman Curia were the Holy See. On the contrary, the administration of engaged in diocesan administration. The responsibility imperial dioceses involved, to a greater or lesser extent, of the Empire of Brazil (1822–1889) towards Catholic interaction between local ecclesiastical authorities and institutions (churches, monasteries, seminaries, etc.) Roman dicasteries via the sending of reports, dubia, in its territory was due to the maintenance of royal requests for faculties and validations. patronage (padroado) after the country’s independence.2 This system of multilevel governance5 operated in Brazil echoed to some extent the legal pattern that had a scenario of coexistence of norms created/interpreted underlain the relationship between ecclesiastical and by different institutions and actors, in different secular powers in Portugal since the early modern historical periods. Matters of Church administration, period,3 but the novel Empire did so within a framework such as ecclesiastical examinations for the provision of of transition between the Ancien Régime and 19th- benefices (in Portuguese: concursos eclesiásticos para century liberal constitutionalism.
    [Show full text]
  • The Similarity of Fundamental Doctrines of Law Which Underlies Their Conceptual Formulation in Different Legal Systems
    Hastings Law Journal Volume 18 | Issue 3 Article 2 1-1967 The leftC : The imiS larity of Fundamental Doctrines of Law which Underlies their Conceptual Formulation in Different Legal Systems Ralph A. Newman Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Ralph A. Newman, The Cleft: eTh Similarity of Fundamental Doctrines of Law which Underlies their Conceptual Formulation in Different Legal Systems, 18 Hastings L.J. 481 (1967). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal/vol18/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. The Cleft: The Similarity of Fundamental Doctrines of Law which Underlies their Conceptual Formulation in Different Legal Systems By RALPH A. NEwMAN* The chapter of History that must soonest be rewritten is the chapter of the Assimilation and Harmonizationof World-Law.** CARDOZO, in his famous lectures on The Nature of the Judicial Process, refers to the presence in Anglo-American law of "certain large and fundamental concepts, which comparative jurisprudence shows to be common to other highly developed systems."1 Many of the fundamental concepts, of which Cardozo and others-Vico, 2 an Italian, Ehrlich,3 a German, Wiirzel,4 an Austrian, and Ripert,5 a Frenchman- have spoken, arise out of "standards of right conduct, which find expression in the mores of the community," 6 and which, as Del Vecchio has superbly said 7 measure the degree of the humanity of laws.
    [Show full text]
  • Constructing 'Race': the Catholic Church and the Evolution of Racial Categories and Gender in Colonial Mexico, 1521-1700
    CONSTRUCTING ‘RACE’: THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE EVOLUTION OF RACIAL CATEGORIES AND GENDER IN COLONIAL MEXICO, 1521-1700 _______________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Alexandria E. Castillo August, 2017 i CONSTRUCTING ‘RACE’: THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE EVOLUTION OF RACIAL CATEGORIES AND GENDER IN COLONIAL MEXICO, 1521-1700 _______________ An Abstract of a Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Alexandria E. Castillo August, 2017 ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the role of the Catholic Church in defining racial categories and construction of the social order during and after the Spanish conquest of Mexico, then New Spain. The Catholic Church, at both the institutional and local levels, was vital to Spanish colonization and exercised power equal to the colonial state within the Americas. Therefore, its interests, specifically in connection to internal and external “threats,” effected New Spain society considerably. The growth of Protestantism, the Crown’s attempts to suppress Church influence in the colonies, and the power struggle between the secular and regular orders put the Spanish Catholic Church on the defensive. Its traditional roles and influence in Spanish society not only needed protecting, but reinforcing. As per tradition, the Church acted as cultural center once established in New Spain. However, the complex demographic challenged traditional parameters of social inclusion and exclusion which caused clergymen to revisit and refine conceptions of race and gender.
    [Show full text]
  • The Power of the Popes
    THE POWER OF THE POPES is eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at hp://www.gutenberg.org/license. Title: e Power Of e Popes Author: Pierre Claude François Daunou Release Date: Mar , [EBook #] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF- *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE POWER OF THE POPES*** Produced by David Widger. ii THE POWER OF THE POPES By Pierre Claude François Daunou AN HISTORICAL ESSAY ON THEIR TEMPORAL DOMINION, AND THE ABUSE OF THEIR SPIRITUAL AUTHORITY Two Volumes in One CONTENTS TRANSLATORS PREFACE ADVERTISEMENT TO THE THIRD EDITION, ORIGINAL CHAPTER I. ORIGIN OF THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE POPES CHAPTER II. ENTERPRIZES OF THE POPES OF THE NINTH CENTURY CHAPTER III. TENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IV. ENTERPRISES OF THE POPES OF THE ELEVENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER V. CONTESTS BETWEEN THE POPES AND THE SOVEREIGNS OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY CHAPTER VI. POWER OF THE POPES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VII. FOURTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VIII. FIFTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IX. POLICY OF THE POPES OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER X. ATTEMPTS OF THE POPES OF THE SEVENTEENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER XII. RECAPITULATION CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE ENDNOTES AND iv TO THE REV. RICHARD T. P. POPE, AT WHOSE SUGGESTION IT WAS UNDERTAKEN, THIS TRANSLATION OF THE PAPAL POWER IS INSCRIBED, AS A SMALL TRIBUTE OF RESPET AND REGARD BY HIS AFFECTIONATE FRIEND, THE TRANSLATOR. TRANSLATORS PREFACE HE Work of whi the following is a translation, had its origin in the trans- T actions whi took place between Pius VII.
    [Show full text]
  • The Autocephalous Churches and the Institution of the 'Pentarchy'
    The Autocephalous Churches and the Institution of the ‘Pentarchy’ Metropolitan Hierotheos of Nafpaktos and St Vlassios Translation of the article in Greek Οἱ Αὐτοκέφαλες Ἐκκλησίες καί ὁ θεσμός τῆς «Πενταρχίας» Much has been written recently as a result of the Ukrainian issue, both positively and negatively, from whichever side one looks at it. In particular, there has been very harsh criticism of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. Prompted by this, it has been necessary for me to write articles so as to explain some aspects of the subject as a whole, without dealing with it exhaustively. In particular, I have clarified that the regime of the Church is not papal, neither is it a Protestant confederation, but it is synodical and hierarchical at the same time [‘The Regime of the Orthodox Church’]. I insist on this subject, because I consider that it is the basis of the problem that has arisen. There are certainly many sides to the Ukrainian ecclesiastical issue. The most fundamental aspect, however, is that many people have not understood what ‘autocephaly’ means in the Orthodox Church; what ‘Autocephalous Churches’ are; how the sacred institution of the Church functions; to what extent ‘Autocephalous Churches’ can function independently of the Ecumenical Throne, which is the first throne and presides over all the Orthodox Churches, and has many powers and responsibilities; and also how the Ecumenical Throne operates in relation to the ‘Autocephalous Churches’. Unless someone has an adequate understanding of the way in which ‘Autocephalous Churches’ function, the way in which the Pentarchy worked in the first millennium, but also of the role of the Ecumenical Patriarch during the second millennium in relation to the more recent Patriarchates and the new Autocephalous Churches, he will not grasp the essence of this issue.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin of Medieval Canon
    BULLETIN OF MEDIEVAL CANON LAW NEW SERIES VOLUME 12 Published by THE INSTITUTE OF MEDIEVAL CANON LAW BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 1982 Raymond of Pesiafort as editor: The 'decretaIes' and 'constitutiones' of Gregory IX In memory of Orio Giacchi At a time when the making of a new Code of Canon Law is underway and has been for many years the concern of canonists from all corners of the globe, it is always of particular interest to look into the past and see how the generations before us handled the task of recognitio - that twofold task of restating and reforming the law. The writer of the present pages has shared with the friend and colleague to whose memory they are dedicated the fascinating experience of laboring as consultores on the drafts of the new law to come." It seems there- fore quite fitting if in these pages I attempt to trace some details of the labors of another draftsman, one whose work had an immense importance in the history of canon law: St. Raymond of Peiiafort who some seven-hundred-fifty years ago undertook at Pope Gregory IX's request to make a new and definitive Book of Decretals out of the collections then in use for the body of papal rulings that had grown during the formative period of almost a century after Gratian. I It is common knowledge that Raymond was authorized by his papal master to suppress, shorten, and revise any text found in the Compilationes aniiquae. Scholars have been interested ever since the sixteenth century in identifying those alterations: from Le Conte in 1570 to Friedberg in 1881, editors of the authoritative text of Gregory's Decretales undertook more or less successfully to combine it with a reconstruction of each chapter by inserting, wherever pos- sible, with different type faces the words, sentences and paragraphs omitted by Raymond from his sources (partes decisae) or even from the sources of his sources.
    [Show full text]
  • The Selection of Bishops: Exploring Canonical Alternatives
    The Selection of Bishops: Exploring Canonical Alternatives John Huels, OSM Richard R. Gaillardetz In this essay we will address an issue of church polity. While doctrinal disputes on questions related to justification, the filioque or sacramental theology have received more attention, it is the concrete questions of church polity which may constitute the greater obstacle to the achievement of full visible union among the Christian churches. With that in mind we will focus our attention on the concrete processes related to the selection of bishops. While this might seem a fairly secondary, administrative concern, in fact, the current procedures for the selection of bishops, insofar as they reinforce perceptions of the Catholic church as a monolithic, quasi-monarchical institution, play a highly symbolic role in ecumenical dialogue. A significant revision of these procedures might go a long way towards dispelling these perceptions. We recognize, of course, that not all Christian churches acknowledge the need for an episcopate which succeeds to the authority of the college of apostles. On the other hand, the last two decades have seen a growing convergence in ecumenical dialogue toward affirming the value of such an episcopate. The influential Lima document, Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry, affirmed the importance of episcopal ministry and called for those Christian traditions without an episcopate to reconsider their position on Selection of Bishops -- 2 this question.1 A revision of current canonical procedures within the Roman Catholic church, to the extent that they would clarify the nature of the episcopate as an apostolic service to the church, might help these traditions decide in favor of such an episcopate.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA the Canonical Form Of
    THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA The Canonical Form of Marriage in Latin Law and in Oriental Law: A Comparative Study With References to the Application of Catholic-Byzantine Law to Selected Pastoral Concerns In Eastern Europe. A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Canon Law Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Canon Law © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Benone Farcas Washington, D.C. 2010 The Canonical Form of Marriage in Latin Law and in Oriental Law: A Comparative Study With References to the Application of Catholic-Byzantine Law to Selected Pastoral Concerns In Eastern Europe. Benone Farcas, J.C.D. Director: John Beal, J.C.D. Book IV of the 1983 Code of Canon Law, title VII, chapter V and the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, title XVI, chapter VII, article VI govern the canonical form of marriage. In many ways the provisions of the two codes are similar; in some instances, however, they differ. Both the similarities and the differences have pastoral consequences, especially in cases of mixed marriages or in territories where a hierarchical organization of various Oriental Catholic churches sui iuris does not exist. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the canonical form of marriage by comparing the Latin and Oriental canonical legislations and analyzing the pastoral consequences that arise when laws concerning canonical form of marriage are applied in specific areas, especially in light of recent political and social changes in Eastern Europe. This comparative study of the canonical form of the marriage in the Latin and in the Catholic Oriental law, especially within the Byzantine rite, begins with an historical overview of the issue in both the Latin and the Byzantine traditions focused on specific documents and circumstances that had a significant impact on the evolution of canonical form.
    [Show full text]
  • Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church Sui Iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic Within the Current Catholic Canon Law
    E-Theologos, Vol. 2, No. 1 DOI 10.2478/v10154-011-0005-2 Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church sui iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic within the Current Catholic Canon Law František Čitbaj University of Prešov, Faculty of Greek-Catholic Theology Introduction The aim of this contribution is to inform lawyers, above all canon lawyers, of the current legal situation of the Greek Catholic Church in Slo- vakia, as well as in Czech Republic, and about changes which these com- munities underwent in the previous years, and what these changes meant for them. Basic characteristics: The Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia („řécko- katolícka církev“in Czech) is one of the twenty-two Catholic Churches of the Eastern rite. Originating in the Constantinopolitan traditions it uses Byzantine-Slavic rite in the liturgy. Canonically, it is part of the Catholic Church, respecting the authority of the successor to St. Peter the Apostle, the high priest of Rome. One of its other specifics in comparison to the Latin Church lies in granting the sacrament of priesthood to married men. The liturgical life in the Greek Catholic Church is diverse and plentiful. Liturgy is the most important means of not only prayer, but also theologi- cal cognition and spiritual life. Its disciplinary order is present in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches which together with the Code of Can- non Law from 1983 and apostolic constitution Pastor bonus from 1988 create the current legal order of Catholic Churches. It was promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the Church in Venezuela, 1810-1930
    UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARY THIS Vv'u]3^niA5 bttN REVIEWED FOR PRESERVATION. Date: A HISTORY OF THE CHURCH IN VENEZUELA 1810-1930 A HISTORY OF THE CHURCH IN VENEZUELA 1810-1930 BY Mary Watters, Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT ARKANSAS STATE COLLEGE *^^^%^ Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina Press 1933 COPYRIGHT, 1933, BY THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE SEEMAN PRESS, DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA ^ ^ TO MY FATHER AND MY MOTHER 119387 PREFACE An interesting and significant feature of the history of the states that resulted from the dissolution of the Spanish Empire in America is found in the differences they present in the evolution of the church. The diversity in the history of this institution is one of the striking evidences of the individuality and differentiation of these Hispanic- American groups. It is suggestive, too, of the decentralization and consequent variations in operation now recognized to have been fundamental characteristics of the Spanish colonial system; for in the colonial background, racial, social, and political, lie the roots of this institutional evolution, whatever may have been the contributions of the national period. Although the progress of anti-clericalism and the operation of other forces have weakened in varying degrees the hold of the church in all Hispanic-American states, in none did the loss of influence fall so early ,^ in none was it so complete as in Venezuela. Indeed, the virtual impotence of the church has been recognized as a peculiar feature of the history of this people which distinguishes it from all other Hispanic-American groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Legal Dictionary A
    Legal Dictionary A ab abusu ad usum non valet consequentia Consequences of abuse do not aply to general use ab actu ad posse valet illatio From the past one can infer the future ab aeterno From the beginning of time ab asino lanam Wool from an ass (blood from a stone) a bene placito At pleasure abest S/he is absent abeunt studia in mores Pursuits change into habits (Ovid) ab extra From the outside abiit ad maiores S/he has gone to the ancestors (i.e., died) abiit ad plures S/he has gone to the majority (i.e., died) abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit He has departed, gone off, escaped, broken out (Cicero) ab imo pectore From the bottom of the heart ab inconvenienti CLAT junction………………………………Pre School To NLU’s Page 1 From the inconvenience involved ab incunabulis From infancy (from the cradle) ab initio From the beginning ab intra From within ab invito Against the will; unwillingly ab Iove principium From Jove is my beginning (words of Aeneas, Virgil) ab irato From the angryman (i.e., unfair) abnormis sapiens A natural born philosopher (Horace) ab origine From the origin; from the first ab ove maiori discit arare minor From the older ox the younger learns to plow ab ovo From the egg (i.e., from the beginning) ab ovo usque ad mala From the egg to the apples (i.e., from the beginning to the end) abscisio infiniti Cutting off an infinite part absense haeres non erit The absent one will not be heir absente febre Without fever absentem laedit cum ebrio qui litigat To quarrel with a drunk is to wrong a man who is not even there absente reo The defendant
    [Show full text]