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Collembola (Entognatha) from East Africa

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Collembola (Entognatha) from East Africa Eur. J. Entomol. 95: 217-237, 1998 ISSN 1210-5759 Collembola (Entognatha) from East Africa W anda M. WEINER1 and Judith NAJT2 1 Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, PL-31016 Krakdw, Poland 2EP 90 du CNRS, Laboratoire d’Entomologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 45, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France Collembola, Hypogastruridae, Odontellidae, Neanuridae, Onychiuridae, Isotomidae, East Africa, identification keys, new species, redescription Abstract. Materials of Hypogastruridae, Odontellidae, Neanuridae, Onychiuridae and Isotomidae from East Africa were studied. Several new species are described: Acherontiella kowalskiorum sp. n., Furcu- lanurida grandcolasorum sp. n., Stachorutes dallaii sp. n., and Paleonura cassagnaui sp. n. Friesea vtorovi Tshelnokov, 1977 and Tullbergia kilimanjarica (Delamare Deboutteville, 1953) are redescribed. Stachorutes arlei (Thibaud & Massoud, 1980) is a new combination. Identification keys for Friesea Dalla Torre, 1895 with 2 + 2 eyes and Stachorutes Dallai, 1973 are given. INTRODUCTION The last systematic account on the Collembola of East Africa was presented by Dehar- veng and Diaz in 1984 with a review of all references concerning this region. The present study is based on the material collected in Tanzania and Kenya. Abbreviations . ISEA - Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sci­ ences, Krakdw, Poland; MNHN - Laboratoire d ’Entomologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France. SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Family Hypogastruridae Ceratophysella denticulata Bagnall, 1941 M aterial examined . Tanzania, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, 2,200 m a.s.l., brink of the crater, dry forest near Sopa Lodge, 28.viii.1996, lgt. B. & K. Kowalski, 2 specimens: $ and 6 juv. Geographical distribution . Probably cosmopolitan species. Xenylla gamae Cardoso, 1967 M aterial examined . Tanzania, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, 2,200 m a.s.l., brink of the crater, dry forest near Sopa Lodge, 28.viii.1996, lgt. B. & K. Kowalski, 1 specimen juv. Geographical distribution . The species was described from Mozambique. Acherontiella kowalskiorum sp. n. D iagnosis . Habitus and buccal cone typical of the genus Acherontiella Absolon, 1913. Labrum with 4/554 setae. Distal labral setae smooth, slightly thicker than other distal se­ tae. Antenna Ill-organ with two subcylindrical guard sensilla with a very characteristic 217 constitution. Antennal segment IV with 5 globular sensilla of which 2 are large, placed in cavities, and the remaining 3 are smaller. Male with secondary sexual characters on ab­ dominal sterna IV and V. Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 19, 19 and 18 setae, respectively. D escription . Holotype (male) length: 0.64 mm, paratype length (juvenile female): 0.57 mm. Colour in alcohol white. Tegumental granulation rather strong. Antennae shorter than head (about 3/4 of the length of head). Antennal segment I with 7 setae, antennal segment II with 11 setae. Segments III and IV fused dorsally, the ventral separation well marked. Sensory organ of antennal segment III consisting of two small internal sensilla, two sub- cylindrical guard sensilla of very characteristic constitution (Deharveng & Diaz, 1984: Fig. 4K) and ventral microsensillum. Antennal segment IV with 5 globular sensilla of which 2 lateroexternal ones are very large, placed in cavities, and the other 3 are smaller; dorsoextemal microsensillum; small subapical organite; and small non-retractile apical vesicle in ventrosubapical position (Fig. 2). Eyes absent. Buccal cone typical of the genus. Labrum with 4/554 setae. Distal labral setae smooth, slightly thicker than other distal setae. Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 1 with rather short, simple setae, with thin long sensory se­ tae s, their formula per half tergum: 022/11111. Abdominal tergum VI without anal spines. Thoracic sterna without setae. Ventral abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 3. Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Male without setae a2 on abdominal sternum IV, these are present in fe­ male. Male with secondary sexual characters on abdominal sterna IV and V: 1 + 1 trans­ formed setae on abdominal sternum IV (in row p’) and 3 + 3 on abdominal sternum V (in row a) (Fig. 4). Row p’ absent in female. Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 19, 19 and 18 setae respectively, with acuminate distal setae, with setae M in the row B. Femora I, II and III with 12, 11 and 10 setae respectively, tro­ chanters with 5 setae each, coxae I, II and III with 3, 8 and 7 setae, subcoxae “2” I, II and III with 0, 2 and 2 setae, subcoxae “1” I, II and III with 1, 2 and 3 setae respectively. T ype material . Holotype8 in ISEA, paratype juvenile 9 in MNHN. T ype locality . Kenya, near Massai Mara National Reserve, savanna, fissure in granite rock with moss and liverworts, 25.viii.1996, lgt. B. & K. Kowalski, 1 8 and 1 specimen juvenile. Etymology . This species is cordially dedicated to Polish paleontologists, Barbara Rzebik-Kowalska and Kazimierz Kowalski, who collected for us the material from Kenya and Tanzania. D iscussion . The new species shares two characters (constitution of guard sensilla in an­ tenna Ill-organ and the number and type of sensilla on the antennal segment IV) with two species: Acherontiella Candida (Delamare Deboutteville, 1952 sensu Deharveng & Diaz, 1984) and A. colotlipana Palacios-Vargas & Thibaud, 1985. The latter species possesses 18, 18 and 17 setae on the tibiotarsi I, II and III, and 1, 2 and 2 setae on the subcoxae “2”, while the other two species have 19, 19 and 18 setae on the tibiotarsi and 1, 2 and 3 setae on the subcoxae “2”. A. kowalskiorum sp. n. is very close to A. Candida. They differ by the presence of setae ml on the abdominal sternum IV in A. Candida, absent in the new spe­ cies; setae m’ 1 are present in both species. Males of both species differ by the type of the secondary sexual characters. In A. kowalskiorum sp. n. the transformed setae are arranged on the posterior part of the abdominal sternum IV (1 + 1 setae) and on the abdominal ster­ num V in front of genital plate (3 + 3 setae). In A. Candida, they are situated only on the genital plate (2 + 2 setae). R emarks . Acherontiella Candida was briefly described by Delamare Deboutteville (1952) in the genus Xenyllina Delamare Deboutteville, 1948 from Ivory Coast and 218 > ' l - ' i l ~ 'i 1 AK — ^ v C i \ A 'r I l ,ll< V( '/' A ^ ;f/ t s\« t. r« m" /. \ ; / f ' ' v r \ \ A / f f ^ ' \ <\ / ........ / r r r \ \ x \ \ VV. s '-■v ^ n r , \ " r r ^ Ss ', ' i 3 / ' ' 'V \ \ / ' ’ \ ./ ) ”7'' '"7'i£"T" ! '\ V />" // 'M' H " " t ' AA " / / r f ' " \\ j A AAA' i* "- , fifes ^ \M ' r t \ \ \ / / m r r 1 i < ' J / 7-........... - % v / 7 / t r r n \ ' \ V ! V f f f r M sI y \ t \ ffi ; / / r f 1 V \ (S ^ I—® \ /• , f ' ' r \N i /• t , f ^\ f f ^ f l r \ \ e f - ^ ^ ^ ^ ? \ \ \ / ^ '{ \ p H ^ /? /r ^ ^ y ' Figs 1-4. Acherontiella kowalskiorum sp. n. 1 - dorsal chaetotaxy (scale 0.1 mm); 2 - antennal seg­ ments III and IV dorsally (scale 0.01 mm); 3 - abdominal sterna II-V (scale 0.1 mm); 4 - male secondary sexual characters (scale 0.01 mm). 219 redescribed by Deharveng & Diaz (1984). The type [according to Fig. 4 on page 63 in De- lamare Deboutteville (1952), it was a juvenile specimen] was lost, and we therefore use the redescription based of material from Mt. Kenya (Deharveng & Diaz, 1984) for comparison. Family Odontellidae Afrodontella septemlobata (Salmon, 1954) M aterial examined . Tanzania, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, 2,200 m a.s.l., brink of the crater, dry forest near Sopa Lodge, 28.viii.1996, lgt. B. & K. Kowalski, 1 specimen juv.; Kenya, near Massai Mara National Reserve, savanna, fissure in granite rock with moss and liverworts, 25.viii.1996, lgt. B. & K. Kowalski, 1 9. Geographical distribution . Described from Ruwenzori in Uganda and found by Deharveng (1981) on Mt. Kenya and Aberdare in Kenya. This is the first record of this species from Tanzania. Family Neanuridae Subfamily Frieseinae Friesea vtorovi Tshelnokov, 1977 D iagnosis . Habitus and buccal cone typical for genus Friesea Dalla Torre, 1985. 2 + 2 eyes present. Some stronger and feebly serrated setae on abdominal terga V and VI, for­ mula of sensory setae s per half tergum: 022/11111. Abdominal tergum VI without anal spines. Thoracic sternum without setae. Vestigial furca reduced to finely granulated small area with 4 small microchaetae. Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 18, 18 and 17 setae respec­ tively, with acuminate distal setae, without setae M. Redescription . Holotype (juvenile male) length 0.61 mm, length of other specimens: 0.53 (juv.) - 0.73 (adult male) and 0.89 (female) mm. Colour in alcohol very ligth gray, ocular plate blue-black. Tegumental granulation rather strong. Antennae shorter than head (about 2/3 of the length of head). Antennal segment I with 7 setae, II with 12 setae. Seg­ ments III and IV fused dorsally, ventral separation well marked. Sensory organ of antennal segment III consisting of two small internal sensilla bent in the same direction, two sub- cylindrical guard sensilla (ventral longer than dorsal), and ventral microsensillum. Anten­ nal segment IV with 6 distinct subcylindrical sensilla and dorsoextemal microsensillum; subapical organite present; apical vesicle simple (Figs 6 and 7). Eyes 2 + 2. Buccal cone typical for the genus. Mandible with 7 teeth. Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 5 with quite short simple setae, some stronger and feebly serrated setae on abdominal terga IV-VI, with thin long sensory setae s, their formula per half tergum: 022/11111. Abdominal tergum VI without anal spines. Thoracic sterna with­ out setae. Ventral abdominal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 10. Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Ves­ tigial furca reduced to finely granulated small area with 4 small microchaetae.
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