The Cambridge Companion to Gershwin Edited by Anna Harwell Celenza Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42353-3 — The Cambridge Companion to Gershwin Edited by Anna Harwell Celenza Index More Information

Index

Aarons, Alex, 7 Barkleys of Broadway (1949) film, 206, 214 Ager, Cecelia, 294 Bartók, Bela, 119 Ager, Milton, 294 “Battle Hymn of the Republic,” 36 Albee, Edward, 67 Bauer, Marion, 222 Alberts, Charles S., 138 “Beale Street Blues,” 238 Alda, Robert, 134 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 9, 35, 76, 225 Alexander III, Czar of Russia, 5 Rondo a Cappricio, Op. 129, 37 Allen, Gracie, 207, 212, 213 Sonata in F Minor, Op. 57 (“Appassionata”), Americana (1928) musical, 10 37 An American in Paris (1951) film, 214, 240, 262 Sonata Op. 110, 37 An American in Paris (2015) musical, 262, 264, Sonata Op. 81, 37 265, 266, 267, 269, 270 String Quartet, Op. 18, No. 4, 37 Anchors Aweigh (1945) film, 254 “ ” Anderson, Marian, 191 Symphony No. 3 ( Eroica ), 37 Antheil, George, 155–56, 229 Symphony No. 5, 248 Ballet mécanique, 155, 156 Symphony No. 7, 37 Jazz Symphony, 156 Bennett, Robert Russell, 47, 199, 201, 211, 212, Anything Goes (1936) film, 200 214, 216 Arcadelt, Jacques, 36 Bennett, Tony, 238 Arden, Victor, 93, 97, 268 Benton, Thomas Hart, 162 Arlen, Harold, 9, 47, 49, 199, 276, 277 Berg, Alban, 162, 225, 229 “Stormy Weather,” 277 Lyric Suite, 33, 162 Arlen, Michael, 154 Wozzeck, 231 Armitage, Merle, 48, 53, 291 Bergere, Valerie, 72 Armstrong, Louis, 244, 277 Berkeley, Busby, 45 Arvey, Verna, 25 Berlin, 161 Asian American Jazz Orchestra, 256 Berlin, Irving, 44, 48, 53, 61, 64, 68, 69, 93, 154, Askins, Harry, 132 225, 239, 244, 276, 291, 293 Astaire, Adele, 7, 86, 88, 89, 96–97, 98–99, 199 “Alexander’s Ragtime Band,” 68, 269 Astaire, Fred, 7, 45, 46, 47, 53, 82, 86, 88, 93, “Blue Skies,” 240, 253 96–97, 98–99, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, “Everybody Step,” 277 – – 202, 203 6, 207, 208 9, 210, 211, 212, “Everybody’s Doing It Now,” 87 – 213, 216, 236, 239, 262, 263, 266 68, 271, “I Love a Piano,” 265 272, 293 “Just in Love,” 265 “A-Tisket, A-Tasket,” 235, 240, 245 Stop! Look! Listen!,75 Atkins, Charles “Cholly,” 271 Atkinson, Brooks, 177 Watch Your Step, 69, 96 Berliner, Paul, 31–32 Auner, Joseph, 231 Auric, Georges, 160 Berman, Pandro, 206 Austin, William, 223, 224, 225–26 Bernstein, Leonard, 223, 225, 246, 247, 252, 254 Avakian, George, 236 Beverly Hills, 12, 13, 44, 199 Biddle, George, 170 Bach, Johann Sebastian, 32, 35, 36 Bizet, Georges, 35 Carmen,73 Toccata and Fugue in E Major, 37 Baker, Kenny, 213 Blackwell, Ed, 283 Balakirev, Mily, 36 Blake, Eubie, 23, 25, 34 Banfield, Stephen, 229 Shuffle Along, 25, 72, 73, 273 Baraka, Amiri, 285–86 Blakey, Art, 253 ’ Barber, Samuel, 223 Art Blakey s Jazz Messengers with Thelonius [301] Bargy, Roy, 123, 295 Monk, 280

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42353-3 — The Cambridge Companion to Gershwin Edited by Anna Harwell Celenza Index More Information

302 Index

Blitzstein, Marc, 223, 225 Carpenter, John Alden, 140, 157, 225, 229 Bloch, Ernst, 227 Skyscrapers, 229 Bloodworth, James, 250 Carter, Desmond, 98 Boas, Franz, 159 Carter, Elliott, 226 Bok, Mary Curtis, 155 Caruso, Enrico, 6 Borel-Clerc, Charles Caryll, Ivan, 61 “La Mattchiche,” 156 Castle, Irene, 96 Borroff, Edith, 226 Castle, Vernon, 96 Boston, 45, 51, 114, 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 152, Castro Brothers Orchestra, 166 162, 182, 252, 296 Cavendish, Charles, 99 Boston Pops, 252 Cayce, Edgar, 293 Boston Symphony Orchestra, 45, 114, 252 Cedars of Lebanon Hospital, 51, 52 Botkin, Benjamin A., 153, 158–59, 164–66, 168, Cerf, Bennett, 166 169, 171, 172, 173 Cezanne, Paul, 154 Folk-Say, 164–66, 172 Chabrier, Emmanuel, 36 “Self-Portraiture and Social Criticism in Chadwick, George, 140 Negro Folk Song,” 164 Chagall, Marc, 163 Chaplin, Charlie, 47, 49 Treasury of American Folklore, 175 – Botkin, Harry. See Botkin, Henry Charleston, SC, 153, 169 74, 176 Botkin, Henry, 153, 154, 162–63, 164, 171, 173, Etchers Club, 170 177 Macedonia Church, 171 Boulanger, Nadia, 33, 160 Poetry Society of South Carolina, 170 Braggiotti, Mario, 161 Society for the Preservation of Old Spirituals, Brahms, Johannes, 35, 253 170, 171 Three Hungarian Dances, 145 Chase, Gilbert, 223–24 Variations on a Theme of Paganini,37 Cheatham, Doc, 253 Zigeunerlieder,37 Cherry, Don, 283 Braque, Georges, 162 Chicago Philharmonic Orchestra, 246 Bregman, Buddy, 243 Chopin, Frédéric, 32, 35 Bristow, George, 75 Ballades (nos. 1 and 3), 37 Broderick, Matthew, 261, 267, 268 Scherzo No. 2 in B♭ Minor, 37 Broekman, David, 246 Sonata No. 3 in B Minor, 37 Brown, Anne, 172, 183, 190 City for Conquest (1941) film, 215 Brown, Anthony, 256 Clague, Mark, 192 Brown, Lew, 44 Clarke, Hugh A., 61 Bruskin, Rosa. See Gershwin, Rose Clef Club Orchestra, 68 Bubbling Brown Sugar (1976) musical, 271 Coburn, Charles, 134 Buffalino, Brenda, 271 Cocteau, Jean, 155 Buffet, Bernard, 242 Coffee, Lenore, 215 Burkholder, J. Peter, 224 Cogdell, J., 70 Burns, George, 207, 212, 213 Cohan, George, 53, 61 Busch, Lou, 252 Cole, Nat King, 238, 240, 251 Bushkin, Joe, 278–79 Coleman, Bill, 278–79 Busoni, Ferrucio, 35 Coleman, Ornette, 283 Butler, David, 198 “Chronology,” 283 The Shape of Jazz to Come, 283 – Caesar, Irving, 7, 136, 138, 139, 290 91, 294 This Is Our Music, 283 Cage, John, 283 Coles, Charles “Honi,” 261, 271–72 Calloway, Cab, 99, 253, 286 Coltrane, John, 275, 283 Calvin, Jackson A Love Supreme, 282 Jazz Variations on Gershwin’s Rhapsody in My Favorite Things, 282–83 Blue, 254 Columbia University, 38, 158 Campbell-Watson, Frank, 106, 114, 118 Confrey, Zez, 224 Cantor, Eddie, 199 Coniff, Ray, 252 Capitol Revue (1919) musical, 81 Connor, Chris, 237 Capra, Frank, 48, 216 Conrad, Con Carlisle, Kitty, 294 “Singin’ the Blues,” 103

303 Index

Cook, Will Marion, 60, 63–64, 73 Don Juan (1926) film, 44 Clorindy,63 Donizetti, Gaetano, 225 In Dahomey,63 Dorsey, Jimmy, 93, 201 Copland, Aaron, 29, 140, 222–23, 224, 225, 227, Dorsey, Tommy, 250 “ ” 228, 229, 230, 246 Down Where the Swanee River Flows, 138 Piano Concerto, 222 Drake, Alfred, 238 Corelli, Archangelo, 36 Draper, Paul, 253 Cortot, Alfred, 161 Drdla, Franz, 70 Cowell, Henry, 33, 38, 39, 228 Dresser, Louise, 132 – Crawford, Richard, 221, 226, 229–30 Dreyfus, Max, 48, 132, 134 35, 148 Crazy for You (1992) musical, 261, 262, 263, 264, DuBois, W. E. B. 265, 266, 267, 268, 270, 273 The Souls of Black Folk, 188, 189 ff Crosby, Bing, 200, 246, 251 Du y, John, 252 Cuban Love Song (1931) film, 166 Duke, Vernon, 9, 30, 53, 62, 221, 225, 240, 292 Cugat, Xavier, 13 Dukelsky, Vladimir. See Duke, Vernon Cullen, Countee, 169 Dumas, Abe, 172 Color, 164 Dunayevsky, Isaak, 225 Curb Your Enthusiasm, 258 Dunbar, Paul Laurence, 189 Cushing, Edward, 145 Duncan, Todd, 50, 190, 292 Cushing, Harvey, 52 Durante, Jimmy, 146 Czerwonky, Richard, 246 Dushkin, Samuel, 48 Dvořák, Antonín, 35 “ ” Daintyland, 10 Humoresque, 72 Daly, William, 146, 148 ff Dameron, Tadd, 280 Edwards, Cli , 89, 95 Damrosch, Walter, 7, 53, 106, 140, 142, 149, 163 Edwards, Julian, 61, 73 Damrosh, Alice, 140 The Patriot,73 Dandy, Walter, 52 Elgar, Edward, 140 Darnton, Charles, 75 Ellington, Edward Kennedy “Duke,” 18, 19, 33, Davis, “Wild” Bill, 252 34, 146, 225, 255, 258, 284, 285, 286 Davis, Miles, 275, 281–82, 283 “Cotton Tail,” 284 Kind of Blue, 281 Harlem Air Shaft,18 Miles Ahead, 281 “I’m Just a Lucky So and So,” 244 “Milestones,” 281 Will Big Bands Ever Come Back?, 255 Porgy and Bess, 281–82 Elman, Mischa, 71 Davis, Steve, 282 Emerson, Lake, and Palmer, 228 Dawson, Mary Cardwell, 190 Engles, George, 140 De Forrest, Muriel, 137 Epstein, Julius, 215 De Koven, Reginald, 61 Europe, James Reese, 68, 69 Debussy, Claude, 32, 140, 149, 154, 225 Evans, Gil, 275, 281–82 Estampes, 119 Evans, Walker, 170 – Préludes,33 Ewen, David, 291 92 Delius, Frederick, 225 Farmer, Art, 33 Koanga, 184 Demi-Tasse Revue (1919) musical, 137 Faulkner, Anne Shaw, 70 Derain, André, 162 Feather, Leonard, 253 Feinstein, Michael, 237 Deri, Otto, 224 Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, 184 Ferris, Jean, 228 DeSylva, Buddy, 44, 72, 81, 84, 135, 153 Fiedler, Arthur, 252 Finkelstein, Sidney, 227 “Chloe,” 135 “ ’ ” Fisher, Rob, 265 I ll Say She Does, 135 Fitzgerald, Ella, 235–45, 253, 286 “ ’ ” I ll Tell the World, 135 Ella Abraça Jobim, 243 Dett, Nathaniel, 189, 193 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Irving Berlin Diaghilev, Sergei, 154, 161, 188 Dietrich, Marlene, 47 Songbook, 240 Dillingham, Charles, 64, 65–66, 132 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Song DiPietro, Joe, 261 Book, 237, 243

304 Index

Fitzgerald, Ella (cont.) Gershwin Initiative, 192 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Duke Ellington Song Gershwin, Aaron, 3 Book, 237 Gershwin, Alan. See Schneider, Albert 4 – – Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin, Arthur, 3, ,9 10, 12 13, 146 “ ” Gershwin Songbook, 239, 240–43 Invitation to the Blues, 13 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Harold Arlen A Lady Says Yes,13 “ ” Songbook, 243 Slowly but Surely, 9 4 – Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Irving Berlin Song Gershwin, Frances, 3, , 9, 10, 12, 13 14, 30, 32, 43, 51, 159, 160, 290, 294 Book, 237 For George and Ira,14 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Jerome Kern Gershwin, George, 4, 5, 50, 175 Songbook, 243 as businessman, 130 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Johnny Mercer as concert pianist, 120–27 Songbook, 243 as conductor, 145, 149 Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Rodgers & Hart Song classical music appreciation, 34 Book, 237 connection to Yiddish theater, 24–25 Ella Loves Cole, 243 death of, 12, 13, 43, 51–53, 127, 214, 215, 246, Ella Sings Gershwin, 235, 236, 237–38, 249, 250, 290, 293 244 film industry, 43–45 Lullabies of Birdland, 236, 240, 241 formative years in New York, 16–24 Mack The Knife – Ella In Berlin, 243 interest in visual art, 49, 162–63 Nice Work If You Can Get It, 243, 244 “Jazz Is the Voice of the American Soul,” 285 Fitzgerald, F. Scott Music by Gershwin (radio show), 9 “May Day,” 97 music theory studies, 38–40 Flagler, Harry Harkness, 140 – Flanagan, Tommy, 244 musical education, 29 41 – Florida, 170, 184 perceptions of ragtime and jazz, 66 67, Flotow, Friedrich von 70–71, 161, 284–85 Martha, 211 Portrait of Grandfather,49 Folly Island, SC, 51, 171–72, 189 representation in music history texts, 221–32 Fontaine, Joan, 46, 47, 207, 208–9 rumored sexual orientation, 294 Foster, Stephen, 221 scrapbooks of, 35 “ ” Old Folks at Home, 138 source for instrumental jazz, 275 fi Four Daughters (1938) lm, 215 work as song plugger, 23–24, 32 Francis, Arthur. See Gershwin, Ira Works Fray, Jacques, 161 135th Street. See Blue Monday Freed, Arthur, 44 Freeman, Harry Lawrence, 73, 190 The Ambulatory Suite, 242 An American in Paris, 82, 114, 131, 141–49, VooDoo, 184 – Freeman, Stan, 295 150, 153, 156 57, 160, 161, 163, 168, 199, Friml, Rudolf 207, 215, 222, 231, 242 “ ” The Student Prince in Heidelberg,92 Baby!, 90 Fry, Gary, 257 “Bess, You Is My Woman Now,” 182, 215, Fry, William Henry, 75 228 Funny Face (1957) film, 238, 239 “Blah, Blah, Blah,” 267 Blue Monday, 39, 44, 60, 72–77, 157, 228 Gabler, Milt, 235 “Boy Wanted,” 265 Gann, Kyle, 228, 229 “Boy! What Love Has Done to Me,” 89, 99 Garbo, Greta, 241 “Bride and Groom,” 88 Garland, Judy, 251, 292 “ ” Geller, Gertrude, 3 Bronco Busters, 87, 88, 264 “ ” Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1949) musical, 271 But Not for Me, 199, 239, 243, 244, 264, Geraty, Virginia Mixson, 190 265, 282, 283 Gershovitz, Morris. See Gershwin, Morris “Buzzard Song,” 184 Gershwin Collection at the Library of Congress, “By Strauss,” 46, 80, 240, 265 35, 38 “Clap Yo’ Hands,” 95, 270

305 Index

“Come to the Moon,” 137 “In the Mandarin’s Orchid Garden,” 10, Concerto in F, 30, 50, 51, 59, 61, 98, 102, 239 106–13, 118, 122, 124, 126, 127, 131, “In the Swim,” 265 140–41, 149, 150, 155, 157, 215, 216, 222, “It’s a Great Little World,” 96 223, 230, 264, 267, 295 “The Jolly Tar and the Milk Maid,” 47, 210, “A Corner of Heaven with You,” 133 239 “Could You Use Me?,” 264 “Juanita,” 89 Cuban Overture, 45, 153, 167–68, 240 “Just Another Rhumba,” 240 A Damsel in Distress, 43, 46, 47, 82, 197–98, “Kickin’ the Clouds Away,” 95, 266, 272 206–13, 216, 239, 262, 263 Lady, Be Good!, 7, 11, 67, 76, 81, 83, 84, 85, “Dear Little Girl,” 88 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 95, 96–98, 141, Delicious, 43, 45, 114, 197, 198–99, 202, 215 154, 157, 199, 212, 239, 262 “Demon Rum,” 264 La-La-Lucille!, 80, 81, 135 “Don’t Ask,” 90 Let ’Em Eat Cake, 45, 81, 92, 296 “Down with Everything That’s Up,” 92 “Let’s Call the Whole Thing Oﬀ,” 46, 200, “Embraceable You,” 8, 199, 266, 275, 283 201, 207, 266 “End of a String,” 88 “Linger in the Lobby,” 87, 88 “Fascinating Rhythm,” 88, 89, 91, 96–97, “Little Jazz Bird,” 89, 95 211, 240, 275, 276, 277, 278, 281 “Little Sunbeam,” 71 “Fidgety Feet,” 242, 270 “Liza,” 146, 266, 269 “A Fine Romance,” 200 “Looking for a Boy,” 90 “First Lady and First Gent,” 296 “The Lorelei,” 99 “Florida,” 87 “Love Is Here to Stay,” 53, 213, 239, 242, “A Foggy Day,” 47, 208, 209, 284 292 “For Lily Pons,” 265 “Love Is in the Air,” 87 “For You, For Me, Forevermore,” 265 “Love Is Sweeping the Country,” 242 Funny Face, 85, 93, 199, 239, 263, 264, 265, “Love Walked In,” 213, 242 272 “Loving Makes Living So Sweet,” 133 George Gershwin’s Song-Book, 123, 223 Lullaby for String Quartet, 39, 72, 74, Girl Crazy, 8, 83, 86, 87, 89, 90, 93, 99, 118, 228 199, 210, 261, 264, 275, 282 “Making of a Girl,” 80, 132 “The Half of It, Dearie, Blues,” 97, 157 “The Man I Love,” 239, 276 “Hang on to Me,” 88, 98 “March of the Swiss Soldiers,” 242 “He Loves, and She Loves,” 242, 264, “Meadow Serenade,” 296 268 “Mischa, Jascha, Toscha, Sascha,” 71 “Heaven on Earth,” 96 “The Moon Is on the Sea,” 87 “High Hat,” 272 “My Cousin in Milwaukee,” 100 “Hoctor’s Ballet,” 46, 47 “My Fair Lady,” 88 “How Can I Win You Now?,” 90 “My Man’s Gone Now,” 182 “How Long Has This Been Going On?,” “My One and Only,” 238 238, 243 “Never Gonna Dance,” 204 “I Can’t Be Bothered Now,” 207, 209 New York Concerto. See Concerto in F “I Got Plenty o’ Nuttin’,” 182 New York Rhapsody. See Second Rhapsody “I Got Rhythm,” 89, 203, 224, 240, 270, 275, “Nice Baby! (Come to Papa!),” 90 276, 277–80, 282 “Nice Work If You Can Get It,” 47, 210, “I Was Doing All Right,” 241 244, 266, 280 “I Won’t Play,” 249–50 Novelette in Fourths,72 “I’d Rather Charleston,” 89, 98, 99 Of Thee I Sing, 8, 81, 82, 83, 85, 92 “I’ll Build a Stairway to Paradise,” 76, 264, “Oh Lawd, I’m On My Way,” 182 270 Oh, Kay!, 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 95, “I’ve Got a Crush on You,” 92, 238, 266 96, 157, 262 “I’ve Got Rhythm,” 210 “Oh, Lady Be Good!,” 87, 91, 240, 241, 244, “In Sardinia,” 89 280

306 Index

Gershwin, George (cont.) Tell Me More, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 95, Pardon My English, 45, 81, 83, 99, 100 154 “Pick Yourself Up,” 201, 209 “That Certain Feeling,” 91 Porgy and Bess, 29, 40, 45, 46, 50, 51, 59, 73, “There’s More to a Kiss,” 133 76, 80, 81, 82, 83, 150, 153, 159, 168, 171, “They All Laughed,” 207 173, 174, 176, 177, 182–95, 185, 197, 202, “They Can’t Take That Away from Me,” 46, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 47, 203–6, 244, 264 231, 244, 246, 247, 275, 281, 282, 292, “Things Are Looking Up,” 208, 209, 267 293, 296–97 “Three Preludes,” 223, 225, 242, 296 Primrose,81 Tip-Toes, 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, Promenade,46 95, 96 “Ragging the Traumerei,” 69 “Tomalé (I’m Hot for You),” 139 “The Real American Folk Song (is a Rag),” Treasure Girl, 92, 93, 265 69, 70, 93, 239, 265 “Treat Me Rough,” 90 Rhapsody in Blue, 7, 26, 30, 34, 38, 39, 44, “Union League,” 296 46, 50, 59, 60, 67, 72, 74, 75, 76, 82, 92, Variations on “I Got Rhythm,” 40, 45, 102, 96, 98, 102–6, 107, 112, 113, 114, 117, 117–20, 122, 124, 223 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126–27, “Waiting for the Sun to Come Out,” 11 131, 140, 141, 143, 145, 149, 150, 155, “Walking the Dog,” 46, 203, 242, 266 156, 157, 158, 160, 162, 199, 203, 215, “The Way You Look Tonight,” 209 216, 221, 222, 223, 224, 227, 228, 229, “We’re Here Because,” 90 242, 246–58, 268, 271, 275, 277, 285, 291, “We’re Six Little Nieces of Our Uncle 295 Sam,” 71 Rhumba. See Cuban Overture “What Causes That?,” 265 “’S Wonderful,” 231, 262, 263, 268 “When Do We Dance?,” 88 “Sam and Delilah,” 89, 99 “When the Debbies Go By,” 88 Second Rhapsody, 8, 40, 44, 45, 102, “When You Want ’Em, You Can’t Get ’Em, 113–17, 118, 119, 122, 198, 229, 295, 296 When You’ve Got ’Em, You Don’t Want Shall We Dance, 43, 46, 47, 82, 197–206, ’Em,” 131 207, 210, 211, 213, 214, 216, 239, 262, “Who Cares?,” 265 263, 264, 266, 268 “A Woman’s Touch,” 87 “Shopgirls and Mannequins,” 87 “A Wonderful Party,” 87, 88 Show Girl, 145–48, 149, 269 “Yan-Kee,” 71 “Sing of Spring,” 47, 210 “Yankee Doodle Blues,” 71 “Six Simultaneous Prayers,” 174, 182 Gershwin, Ira, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, “Slap That Bass,” 201–2, 211 20, 21, 22, 30, 31, 35, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, “Somebody from Somewhere,” 241 46, 47, 48, 52, 53, 69, 70, 71, 81, 82, 84, “Someone to Watch Over Me,” 238, 239, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 146, 147, 148, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 266 168, 177, 184, 190, 193, 197, 198, 199, Song of the Flame,81 200, 202, 211, 213, 224, 230, 235, 239, “ ” Soon, 92, 265 240, 244, 245, 265, 266, 269, 270, 273, “ ﬀ ” Sti Upper Lip, 211, 212, 213 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 295, 296, 297, Stop Flirting,7 300 Strike Up the Band, 83, 84, 92, 93, 241, Lyrics on Several Occasions,13 296 Works (with a collaborator other than “Summertime,” 182, 276, 282, 284 George) “Swanee,” 4, 7, 10, 81, 131, 134–40, 148, The Firebrand of Florence,13 149, 247, 290 “Island in the West Indies,” 240 “Swanee Rose,” 139 Lady in the Dark,13 “Sweet and Low-Down,” 94, 95, 265 “Long Ago and Far Away,” 13 Sweet Little Devil, 81, 84, 247 “The Man That Got Away,” 13 Swing Time, 201, 204, 209 Park Avenue,13 “Swiss Miss,” 89, 98, 212 Two Little Girls in Blue,11

307 Index

Gershwin, Leonore, 48, 53, 83, 159, 160 Oklahoma!,51 Gershwin, Morris, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 17, Show Boat, 146 24, 247 Hancock, Herbie, 284, 286 Gershwin, Rose, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17, 20, Gershwin’s World, 275, 284, 287 171, 214, 247, 290, 294 Handel, George Frideric, 36 Gershwine, Jacob. See Gershwin, George Handy, W. C., 53, 98, 156, 157, 284 Gibson, Michael, 268 Blues: An Anthology, 98, 157 Gilbert, Steven, 230 “St. Louis Blues,” 98, 284 Gilbert, W.S., 47, 71, 81, 92, 210 Hannenfeldt, Zenna, 49 Mikado,71 Harburg, Yip, 6, 47, 52, 199 Gilbreth Jr., Frank, 172 Harms Music Publishing Co., 132–34 Gillespie, Dizzy, 280, 286 Harris, Roy, 223, 227, 228 Gingold, Hermione, 242 Hart, Lorenz, 239 fi Girl Crazy (1943) lm, 292 “Glad to Be Unhappy,” 244 Gish, Lillian, 292 Hart, Moss, 13, 48 Glaenzer, Jules, 153, 154 Harvard University, 158 Glazunov, Alexander, 36, 221, 226 Hassam, Childe, 170 Glière, Reinhold, 36 Havana, 153, 166–68, 176 Goddard, Paulette, 49 Almendares Hotel and Golf Club, 166 Godfrey Wetterlow Company, 142 Hawkins, Coleman, 286 Godowsky, Frances Gershwin. See Gershwin, Haydn, Franz Josef, 35 Frances Godowsky, Jr., Leopold, 10, 12, 13 Quartet No. 8, 37 Godowsky, Leopold, 8, 36 Symphony No. 13, 37 Goetschius, Percy, 38 Heifetz, Jascha, 71 Goldberg, Isaac, 3, 19, 20, 21, 30, 61, 81, 291 Heindorf, Ray, 249 – Goldman, Richard Franko, 227 Henderson, NC, 173 74 Goldmark, Rubin, 38, 39 Henderson, Ray, 44 – Goldwyn, Samuel, 43, 47, 214 Herbert, Victor, 61, 64 66, 75 The Goldwyn Follies, 43, 53, 213–14, 239, 240 Babette, 65, 66 Gone with the Wind (1939) film, 215 The Magic Knight,75 Gonsalves, Paul, 255 Heyman, Edward, 9 Goodman, Benny, 93, 250, 287 Heyward, Dorothy, 174, 183, 190, 193, Gorman, Ross, 291 230 “Gotta Pebble in My Shoe,” 235 Porgy (1927) play, 169, 170, 183, 184–85, 187, Gounod, Charles, 36 188, 190, 202 Granz, Norman, 235, 236–37, 238, 239, 240, 242, Heyward, DuBose, 51, 157, 169, 170, 172, 177, 243, 244 183, 184, 185, 189, 190, 193, 230 Greenhalgh, Herbert S., 76 Porgy (1925) novel, 157–58, 169, 170, 171, Grieg, Edvard, 35, 127 173, 183, 184, 185–88 Peer Gynt Suite, 255 Porgy (1927) play, 169, 170, 183, 184–85, 187, Piano Concerto in A Minor, 37 188, 190, 202 ffi Gri ths, Paul, 231 The HiLos, 242 – Grofé, Ferde, 103, 104, 127, 249, 252 53, 291, Hirschfeld, Al, 295 295 Hitchcock, H. Wiley, 226 Gromaire, Marcel, 162 Hitler, Adolf, 173 – Grout, Donald Jay, 224 25 Hoctor, Harriet, 46, 147, 206 Hogan, Ernest, 67 Habanero Sextet, 167 Holiday in Mexico (1946) film, 254 Haden, Charlie, 283 Holiday, Billie, 286 Hailstork, Adolphus, 193 Hollywood, 43–54 Hambitzer, Charles, 32, 35, 36, 108 Holtz, Lou, 89 Hamilton, Harry Honegger, Arthur, 161 “ ” My Swanee Home, 138 Les Aventures du Roi Pausole,33 Hamilton, Jimmy, 255 Hoogstraten, Willem van, 145 – Hamm, Charles, 227 28 Hopper, Edward, 170 Hammerstein II, Oscar, 51, 53, 81, 132, 245 Horowitz, Joseph, 230

308 Index

Horowitz, Vladimir, 161 King of Jazz (1930) film, 44 Houston Grand Opera, 297 Kingman, Daniel, 227 Howard, John Tasker, 221–22 Kirk, Andy, 280 Howells, William Dean, 19 Kneisel Quartet, 37 Hughs, Spike, 285 Knopf, Edwin H., 154 Humperdinck, Engelbert, 36 Koemmennich, Louis, 61 Kolish, Rudolf, 161, 162 “I Found My Yellow Basket,” 235 Koussevitzky, Serge, 45, 114 Ibert, Jacques, 160 Krasker, Tommy, 84 Ippolitov-Ivanov, Mikhail, 36 Kreisler, Fritz, 7, 161 Iturbi, José, 254 Krenek, Ernst, 164 Ives, Charles, 223, 224, 230 Jonny spielt auf, 161 Krupa, Gene, 93 Jablonski, Edward, 231, 238 Jackson, Calvin, 253–55 L’Ouverture, Toussaint, 184 Arrangement of Rhapsody in Blue, 254–55 La Touraine Coffee Concerts, 143 Jacobs, Everett, 166 Ladies First (1918) musical, 93, 265 Jacobsen, Sascha, 71 Landis, Carole, 13 Jenkins, Edmund, 76 Lane, Burton, 296 Jenkins’ Orphanage Band, 169, 170, 174 Lane, Judy, 13 Jerome H. Remick and Co., 23, 32, 34, 131, 132, Larkins, Ellis, 237, 238 133, 199, 247 Lawford, Peter, 242 Jessye, Eva, 189 Lawrence, Elliot, 251 Jim Crow, 67, 188, 286 Lawrence, Gertrude, 99 Johnson, Hall, 189 Lecuona, Ernesto, 161, 166 Johnson, James P., 23, 25, 26, 34, 106, 170, 190, Léger, Fernand, 155 285 Lehár, Franz, 161, 226 “The Charleston,” 170, 284 Leith, Ernest. See Milne, Frank Runnin’ Wild, 106, 170 Leo Reisman Orchestra, 117 Johnson, John Rosamond, 60, 193 Leoncavallo, Ruggiero, 36 Jolson, Al, 7, 81, 134–38, 139, 146, 149, 151, 269, Pagliacci,74 285 Lerner, Alan Jay, 132 Jones, Hank, 244 Levant, Oscar, 32, 48, 53, 134, 199, 203, 214, 215, Jones, Jimmy, 244 249, 289, 293, 294 Joplin, Scott, 67 Levy, Lou, 244 Treemonisha, 184 Lhevinne, Josef, 36 Jordan, Louis, 236 Liberace, 252 Joyce, James, 154, 155 Liszt, Franz, 32, 35, 105, 225, 285 Hungarian Rhapsody No. 12, 37 Kahn, Gus, 146 Hungarian Rhapsody No. 6, 37 Kálmán, Emmerich, 161, 164 Legende (St. Francis Walking on the Waves), Die Herzogin von Chicago, 161 37 Karol, Kim, 250 Les Préludes,37 Kaufmann, George S., 81 Sonata in B Minor, 37 Keeler, Ruby, 146, 269 Livingston, Alan, 236 Keith, B. F., 67 Livingston, Fud, 47 Kelly, Gene, 262, 263 Locke, Alain Kenny G The New Negro, 188 Classics in the Key of G, 284 Lockett, Joseph H., 253 Kerker, Gustave Loeffler, Charles Martin, 140 Burning to Sing or Singing to Burn,73 Loesser, Frank, 245 Kern, Jerome, 32, 46, 48, 49, 80, 85, 132, 199, Loewe, Frederick, 226 225, 238, 276, 286, 292 London, 7 Miss 1917, 132 Los Angeles, 43–54, 166, 246, 251, 254 Show Boat, 146 1984 Olympic Games, 256 Khachaturian, Aram, 226 Temple B’nai B’rith, 53 – Kilenyi, Sr., Edward, 35, 38 39, 40 Los Angeles Philharmonic, 50, 51

309 Index

Lucky Strike Hit Parade, 243 “Rhythm-a-ning,” 280–81 Lurçat, Jean, 162 Monteux, Pierre, 37 Lyons, Arthur, 50 Moore, Tom, 67 Moore, Undine Smith, 189, 193 MacDonald, Jeanette, 45 Moran, Jason, 287 MacDowell, Edward, 36 Morgan, Robert P., 228 Machlis, Joseph, 224–25 Morton, Jelly Roll, 251, 287 Mack, Cecil “King Porter Stomp,” 287 Runnin’ Wild, 106 Mosbacher, Emil, 52, 166 Mahler, Gustav Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 35, 225 Symphony No. 4, 140 Mueller, Paul, 51, 171, 173 “Mairzy Doats,” 243 Murrow, Edward, 225 Mamoulian, Rouben, 48, 202, 296 Music Branch of the United States Special Love Me Tonight (1932) film, 202 Services Division, 248 “ ” Man Ray, 161 My Happiness, 236 Marie Harriman Gallery, 53 My One and Only (1983) musical, 261, 262, 263, Marsalis, Wynton, 283–84 264, 265, 266, 268, 271, 272 Marsalis Standard Time, Vol.1, 284 ff Marx Brothers, 200, 210 Na ziger, Howard, 52 National Association of Negro Musicians, 253 A Night at the Opera, 200 Marx, Harpo, 215 Nero, Peter, 228 Mascagni, Pietro, 36 Nevin, Ethelbert, 221 New World Music Corporation, 148 Mason, Daniel Gregory, 140, 221 New York, 3, 6, 7, 11, 12, 37, 45, 51, 59, 102, 103, Mathis, Stanley Wayne, 270 Matisse, Henri, 154, 162 105, 114, 116, 117, 118, 141, 143, 145, Mauceri, John, 297 156, 170, 171, 177, 183, 215, 247, 280, 296 May, Billy, 237, 243 Mayer, Timothy S., 263 Temple Emamu-El, 53 McBride, Robert, 114, 118 New York Philharmonic, 37, 53, 141, 144, 145, McCarron, Charles K., 138 149, 163, 252 McEvoy, J. P., 146 New York Philharmonic Society, 141 McGlinn, John, 83 New York Symphony, 141 Meet Me in St. Louis (1944) film, 254 New York Symphony Society, 140 Meier, Nellie Simmons, 293 Nice Work If You Can Get It (2012) musical, 261, Melinda the Mousie, 235 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 270 Mellers, Wilfrid, 224, 225 Nichols, David, 228 Mendelssohn, Felix, 35 Nichols, Red, 93 Piano Concerto No. 1, 37 Niles, Abbe, 157, 163 Noble, Ray, 210 Symphony No. 4, 37 Nothing Sacred (1937) film, 215 “Wedding March,” 74 Menotti, Gian Carlo, 225 O’Day, Anita, 237, 238 Merman, Ethel, 86, 89, 99, 224, 238 O’Hara, Kelli, 261, 267, 268 Merry-Go-Round (1927) Broadway revue, 10 Ockrent, Mike, 261 Metropolitan Opera, 168, 191, 193 Ohman, Phil, 93, 97, 268 Mexico, 12 Oja, Carol, 228, 230 Miami Beach, 9 Ornstein, Leo, 35, 36 Milhaud, Darius, 33, 140, 161, 188 Ossining, New York, 162 Creation of the World, 222 Miller, Glenn, 40, 93 Packer, Chauncey, 194 Mills, Florence, 25 Palais Royale Orchestra, 76 Milne, Frank, 143 Palastrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da, 36 Minnelli, Vincente, 46, 240 Palau Brothers Hollywood Orchestra, 166 Mitchell, Joni, 284 Paley, Emily, 154, 157, 173 fi Modern Times (1936) lm, 49 Paley, Lou, 154 Modigliani, Amedeo, 162 Palisca, Claude, 224 Molnár, Ferenc, 161 Pallay, George, 52, 167 – Monk, Thelonius, 275, 280 81, 283, 286 Pan, Hermes, 211, 213

310 Index

Paris, 153–63, 171, 176 Roberti, Lyda, 100 Parker, Charlie, 275, 280, 286 Roberts, Luckey, 23, 34, 224 “Anthropology,” 280 Roberts, Marcus, 255 “Moose the Mooche,” 280 Robinson, Edward G., 12 Partch, Harry, 228 Robinson, J. Russel Passing Show of 1916,80 “Singin’ the Blues,” 103 Patterson, Willis, 193 Robinson, Morris, 193 Peabody, Eddy, 252 Rodgers, Richard, 132, 239, 245, 276 Pennario, Leonard, 295 Roemheld, Heinz, 215 Pennsylvania, 9 Rogers, Alex, 63 Peyser, Joan, 292 Rogers, Ginger, 45, 46, 47, 49, 197, 198, 199, 200, Picabia, Francis, 155 201, 203–6, 207, 209, 210, 267, 268 Picasso, Pablo, 49, 154, 155, 162, 188 Rogers, Richard, 53 Absinthe Drinker,49 “Glad to Be Unhappy,” 244 Piñeiro, Ignacio, 167 Oklahoma!,51 Piston, Walter, 223, 226 Romberg, Sigmund, 88 Porter, Cole, 10, 90, 132, 238, 241, 244, 276, 286 Rooney, Mickey, 292 “Dream Dancing,” 244 Rosenfeld, Paul, 221 Les Revue Des Ambassadors,10 Ross, Alex, 231 Poulenc, Francis Rossini, Gioachino, 36 Les Biches, 226 Roth, Murray, 131 Pound, Ezra, 154, 155 Roualt, George, 154, 162, 163 Powell, Bud Rousseau, Théodore, 49 ’ “Web City,” 280 L Île de la Cité,49 Powell, John, 76 Rubinstein, Anton, 35, 107, 225 Previn, André, 243, 244 Melody in F,21 Previn and the Pittsburgh, 243 Piano Concerto No. 4, 108, 109 Price, Leontyne, 297 Rudhyar, Dane, 29 Price, Sammy, 253 Ruggles, Carl, 224 Pringle, Aileen, 49 Russell, Walter, 294 Prokofiev, Sergei, 161, 225 Russia, 36 Piano Concerto No. 3, 33 St. Petersburg, 5, 6, 17 Prowse, Juliet, 242 Ryskind, Morrie, 81 Puccini, Giacomo, 36, 225 Tosca, 193 Sadin, Robert, 255 Saint-Saëns, Camille, 35 Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 35 Salten, Felix, 161 Piano Concerto No. 2, 37 Salzman, Eric, 226 Rameau, Jean-Phillippe, 36 Saminsky, Lazare, 221 Sandburg, Carl, 158 Ramsey, Guy, 280 Rand, Carl, 52 Sandrich, Mark, 198, 200, 201, 207 Rasch, Albertina, 147 Sanromá, Jesús María, 252 Ravel, Maurice, 33, 130, 154, 160, 161, 225, 228, Satie, Erik, 154 Savoy, Bert, 97 229 Sawyer, Charles Pike, 76 Ray, Man, 155 ff Reiner, Fritz, 144 Sche , Fritzi, 65, 66 Schiff, David, 230 Rhapsody in Blue (1945) film, 6, 134, 136, 139, – Schillinger, Joseph, 38, 40, 119, 168, 225, 229 214, 248 51 – Rhené-Baton, Emmanuel, 161 Schirmer, Mabel, 35, 43, 50, 141, 154 55, 156, Rice, Thomas Dartmouth, 185 159, 160 Schirmer, Robert, 141, 154–55, 156, 160 Riddle, Nelson, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 251 Riegger, Wallingford, 33, 38 Schneider, Albert, 292 Riggs, Lynn, 51 Schneider, Wayne, 231 Schoenberg, Arnold, 33, 36, 48–49, 50, 161, 199, “Green Grow the Lilacs,” 51 215, 223, 225 Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai, 36 Harmonielehre,39 Scheherezade,37 Roach, Max, 286 Pierrot Lunaire,37

311 Index

Schoenfeld, William, 118 Stravinsky, Igor, 12, 47, 119, 130, 140, 154, 160, Schoppe, Palmer, 170 188, 225, 227, 229 Schubert, Franz, 35, 76, 161 “Les Noces,” 33 Quintet in A Major, Op. 114, 37 Pulcinella, 226 Symphony No. 8 (“Unfinished”), 37 Symphonie des Psaumes,33 Schumann, Robert, 35 Strayhorn, Billy, 255 Kinderscenen,37 Arrangement of Rhapsody in Blue, 255 Vogel als Prophet,37 Stroll, George, 254 Schwab, Laurence, 250 Stroman, Susan, 261, 268 Schwartz, Charles, 292 Struble, John Warthen, 228, 229 Secunda, Sholom, 63 Sublett, John William “Bubbles,” 190 “Bei mir Bist du Schön,” 63 Suesse, Dana, 9 Seidel, Toscha, 71 Sullivan, Arthur, 47, 71, 81, 92, 210 Septeto Nacional, 167 Mikado,71 Sessions, Roger, 223, 224, 226, 228 Sunny Side Up (1929) film, 44 Shilkret, Nathaniel, 47, 143, 199, 201, 214, 295 Suppé, Franz von, 36 Shirley, Wayne, 192, 227, 231 Swift, Kay, 9, 31, 34, 49, 53, 97, 142, 294, 296 Shostakovich, Dimitri Swing Time (1936) film, 46 Symphony No. 1, 33 Szirmai, Albert, 161 Show Is On, The (1936) musical, 80, 240 Shuffle Along, or the Making of the Musical Tartini, Giuseppe, 36 Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed Taruskin, Richard, 230 (2016), 273 Tawa, Nicholas E., 221 Silberberg, Daniel, 166 Taylor, Deems, 8, 140, 143, 163 Simmons, John, 279 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr Ilyich, 35, 127 Simms, Bryan R., 228 Nutcracker Suite, 255 Simon, Alfred, 295 Piano Concerto No. 1, 37 Simon, Elizabeth, 295 Symphony No. 4, 37 Simon, Simone, 49, 294 Teagarden, Charlie, 93 Simons, Moisés Teagarden, Jack, 93 “The Peanut Vendor (El manisero),” 166, Temple, Shirley, 45 167 The Jazz Singer (1927) film, 44 Sinatra, Frank, 235, 236, 238, 242–43, 250, 251 Theodore Drury Grand Opera Company, 190 Songs for Swingin’ Lovers, 242 Thompson, Jennifer Laura, 271 Sinbad, 7, 135, 136, 139 Thomson, Virgil, 29, 123, 223, 226, 228 Sinding, Christian, 36 Four Saints in Three Acts, 226 Sissle, Noble, 25 Tilson Thomas, Michael, 83, 295, 296 Shuffle Along, 25, 72, 73, 273 Tiomkin, Dimitri, 161, 215–16 Smith, Paul, 244 Lost Horizon (1937) film, 216 Smith, Queenie, 89 Tischler, Barbara L., 227 Smith, Willie “The Lion,” 24, 26, 34, 277, Toch, Ernst, 161 285 Die Reise Benjamins des Dritten, 161 Spina, Harold, 292 Todd, R. Larry, 228 Stanley, Aileen, 104 Trainwreck (2015) film, 258 Starr, Larry, 29, 229, 231 Trevigne, Talise, 193 Steamboat Willie (1928) short film, 44 Tucker, Sophie, 131 Steiner, Max, 215 Tune, Tommy, 261, 271, 272 Stern, Maurice, 162 Twiggy, 261, 271 Stevens, George, 198, 207, 208–9 Tyner, McCoy, 282 Stewart, Lawrence D., 238, 239, 242 Still, William Grant, 25, 190, 225, 273 Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 269 Levee Land,25 United Airlines’s use of Rhapsody in Blue, “Stone Cold Dead in the Market,” 236 256–58 Stone, Peter, 263 Stoney, Thomas P., 170 Van Dycke, Tom, 294 Stothart, Herbert, 81 Van Eps, Fred, 136 Strauss, Richard, 140 Van Norman, Julia, 49

312 Index

Van Vechten, Carl, 8 White, Clarence Cameron, 190 Varèse, Edgard, 161, 224, 228 Ouanga!, 184 Vaughan, Sarah, 237 White, George, 7, 72, 73 Verdi, Giuseppe, 36, 69, 225 George White’s Scandals, 7, 72, 76, 81, 93, 95 Aida, 193 Whiteman, Paul, 53, 76, 96, 102, 104, 122, 123, Un ballo in Maschera, 191 125, 127, 140, 156, 199, 246, 248, 252, Vienna, 161–62 255, 258, 291, 295 Vieuxtemps, Henri, 35 Experiment in Modern Music, 76, 103, 123, Violin Concerto No. 2, 37 252 Vodery, Will, 23, 60–61, 73 Whiting, Margaret, 235 Von Tilzer, Albert, 138 Whyte, Gordon, 73 “Voodoo,” 184 Wiley, Lee, 235 Williams, Joe, 241 Wagner, Richard, 35 Williams, Mary Lou, 280 Götterdämmerung, 37, 246 “Walking and Swinging,” 280 Die Meistersinger,37 Wodehouse, P. G., 47, 197, 206, 207 Tristan und Isolde,74 Damsel in Distress (1919) novel, 47, 206, Walker, Arnetia, 100 207 Waller, Fats, 24, 26, 34, 285, 287 Wolfe, George C., 273 Walsh, Thommie, 261 Wolpin, Kate, 3, 6 Warburg, James, 49, 142 Wonder, Stevie, 284 Warﬁeld, William, 297 Work III, John Wesley, 189 Warner, Russell, 83 Work, Jr., John Wesley, 189 Warren, Harry, 245 Waters, Ethel, 25 Yiddish theater, 24, 59, 63, 223 Watkins, Glenn, 228, 229 Youmans, Vincent, 11, 132, 148, 154 Wayburn, Ned, 132, 137 Young, Lester, 275, 278–79 Webb, Chick, 241 Young, Victor, 246 Weber, Carl Maria von, 35 Yvain, Maurice, 154 Overture to Der Freischutz, 145 Pas sur la Bouche, 155 Weeks, Harold “Hindustan,” 7, 139 Ziegfeld Follies (1945) ﬁlm, 254 Weill, Kurt, 13, 132, 161, 225 Ziegfeld, Florenz, 132, 145, 146, 147–48, 149, Lady in the Dark,13 269 Wells, Dickie, 278–79 Ziegfeld Follies, 73, 137, 146 Wheeldon, Christopher, 262 Zilboorg, Gregory, 49 White, Betty, 256 Zimbalist, Efram, 36