HAROLD B. LEL <.<uH*Hy BRlGHAM VOUNO UNIVERSITY PROVO, UTAH Kti&Sg^***no * **. Public Policy Issues and Latin American Library Resources Published for SALALM Secretariat Memorial Library University of Wisconsin— Madison W7, Public Policy Issues and Latin American Library Resources Papers of the Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the SEMINAR ON THE ACQUISITION OF LATIN AMERICAN LIBRARY MATERIALS Washington, D.C. March 2-5, 1982 SALALM SECRETARIAT University of Wisconsin— Madison UCLA LATIN AMERICAN CENTER PUBLICATIONS University of California, Los Angeles ———— © 1984 by The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Cover design by Serena Sharp, Los Angeles Publication Design Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Seminar on the Acquisition of Latin American Library Materials (27th : 1982 : Washington, D.C.) Public policy issues and Latin American library resources. The seminar was held in conjunction with the 10th National Meeting of the Latin American Studies Associa- tion. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Acquisition of Latin American publications Congresses. 2. Latin America — Cultural policy Congresses. 3. Libraries and state — Latin America Congresses. 4. Library resources — Latin America Congresses. I. Latin American Studies Association. National Meeting (10th : 1982 : Washington, D.C.) II. Title. Z688.L4S46 1982 025.2'9'8 84-8526 ISBN 0-917617-01-0 HAROLD B F \ RY 8RIGHAM YC TY PROVO. UTAH .. Contents Editor's Note ix Preface xi Censorship and Propaganda 1 Censorship in Brazil 3 Laurence Hallewell 2. State Controls on Private Commercial Broadcasting in Mexico 13 Elizabeth Mahan National Policies and Cultural Patrimony 3 The Organization of American States and the Protection of Latin America's Cultural Patrimony 31 Roberto Etchepareborda 4. Preservation of Latin American Cultural Patrimony: A View from Central America and Costa Rica 40 Frederick W. Lange 5. Cultural Patrimony Issues in Colombia 46 Cecilia Isaacs 6. State Policy Toward the Film Industry in Brazil 50 Randal Johnson 7. El Patrimonio Cultural en el Peru: Su Defensa, Conservacion y Rescate 69 Ramiro Matos M. 8. Cultural Policy Formulation in Puerto Rico: A Macro Perspective 82 M. Salem . 1 Contents! VI Cultural Heritage: Can They 9. Modernization and the 88 Coexist in Brazil? Claudio de Moura Castro National Patrimony: 10. Folklore Protection and of Developments and Dilemmas in the Legal Protection 95 Folklore Alan Jabbour Networks and Databases in Latin America Networking and 11. The Effect of MARC on International the Role of the Library of Congress in the Development of International Data Bases Henriette Avram Chile 12. Toward a National Information Network in Juan Freudenthal Scholarly Communication and Public Policy Public 1 3 Summary Report: Scholarly Communication and Policy Charles Fineman The Role of Quantitative Data in the Formulation of Public Policy 14. Summary Report: Quantitative Data and Public Policy Sonia M. Merubia 15. Management and Mismanagement of National and International Statistical Resources in the Americas James W. Wilkie A National Plan for Latin American Library Collections in the United States 16. The Implementation of a National Plan for Latin American Collections in the United States Carl W. Deal and William E. Carter 1 Contents Vll 17. The Library of Congress in a National Plan for Latin American Collection Development 159 John Finzi 18. Beware Also the Calends of March 165 John Rison Jones, Jr. 19. Sharing Collection Responsibility and the Problem of Database Compatibility 170 Deborah Jakubs Annual SALALM Bibliographies Bibliography of Bibliographies: 1982 Supplement 179 Haydee Piedracueva Bibliography of Microform Projects: 1982 209 Suzanne Hodgman Specialized Bibliographies and Reference Aids Preliminary List of Guides and Directories of Latin American Libraries , Archives , and Information Centers 22 Celia Leyte-Vidal and Jesus Leyte-Vidal About the Authors 233 Editor's Note It was indeed flattering and a surprise to be asked to edit the XXVII SALALM Papers for publication—a surprise that has evolved into a most pleasant experience. The variety of topics discussed herein has proved most interesting, especially those addressing current trends toward economic cutbacks for education and cultural patrimony. Of particular importance in this collection of papers figures the section on "National Policies and Cultural Patrimony' ' for which the greatest number of papers were contributed. Reflecting a change in the basic contents of the Papers, initiated in 1981, rapporteurs' reports are generally not included. However, two rapporteurs' reports are reproduced here for those sessions for which few or no papers were made available to the editor. SALALM is very grateful to the panelists who participated in the annual meeting and to those who submitted the following papers and bibliographies. Appreciation is also extended to Colleen Trujillo, Principal Editor, and other members of the UCLA Latin American Center editorial staff for their assistance in producing this volume. Pamela Howard IX Preface The theme of the XXVII annual Seminar, "Public Policy Issues and Latin American Library Resources," arose from the exceptional opportunity to meet in Washington, D.C., in conjunction with the tenth national meeting of the Latin American Studies Association (LAS A). Graciously hosted by the U.S. Library of Congress, the first joint conference in SALALMs history provided a stimulating forum for the discussion of major current policy issues of concern to Latin Americanists throughout the world. The full program of panels, workshops, and roundtable discussions, highlighted by two days of combined sessions with LAS A, was attended by nearly 200 participants and twenty-one exhibitors, representing almost 40% of SALALM's personal membership. The papers presented at the Seminar fall into three broad categories: international policy issues, the role of library resources in the formation of public policy, and strategies for developing a national policy for Latin Ameri- can Studies programs and library resources in the United States. The first papers deal with the sensitive issues of censorship and propa- ganda. National media policies can strongly influence the kinds of information that are printed and distributed in a country and the way in which that information is presented through the media. Papers by Laurence Hallewell and Elizabeth Mahan discuss government control of the press and media in Brazil and Mexico, the rationales for intervention, and effect of controls on the flow of literary production and factual data. National patrimony laws, which reflect the concern of Latin American governments to preserve their rich cultural heritage, can be expected to have an increasingly strong impact on the ways in which research on Latin America is conducted and research materials are accessed. These laws raise a number of legal and ethical questions regarding the purchase and ownership of historical artifacts, documents, and books by foreign institutions, as well as important issues concerning the preservation and accessibility of collections in Latin American libraries and museums. Because of its far-reaching implications and the its importance to libraries and academicians alike, National Patrimony was topic of two joint SALALM/LASA panels, which are represented here in papers by Robert Etchepareborda, Frederick W. Lange, Cecilia Isaacs, Randal XI x ii Preface Johnson, Ramiro Matos, M. Salem, Claudio de Moura Castro, and Alan Jabbour. Throughout Latin America strong national library development policies have supported the growth of many new bibliographic databases and net- working systems. These computer capabilities, which can be expected to revolutionize library activities in Latin America, also present tremendous possibilities for international resource sharing. A paper by Juan Freudenthal discusses the current status of library automation and databases in Chile; another by Henriette Avram examines the effect of MARC on the development of international networking systems and the role of the U.S. Library of Congress in the creation of international databases. The availability and use of full, accurate information is clearly essential to responsible policy formation. The resources used by policy-makers in the United States and, specifically, the impact of academic publications on their policy decisions was the topic of a panel entitled "Scholarly Communication and Public Policy for Latin America," synthesized here in a report by Charles Fineman. Another panel investigated ways in which quantitative data are used and manipulated to form and influence public policy. A summary report of that session by Sonia Merubia is followed by James W. Wilkie's paper, "Manage- ment and Mismanagement of National and International Statistical Resources in the Americas." The final papers treat the issue of developing a national plan for the support of Latin American library collections in the United States. In recent years inflationary pressures, economic recession, and changing national priorities toward education have combined to force budget cuts that have resulted in reduced book buying power, hiring freezes, and the limitation of many de- sirable programs and services. Despite strong recommendations during the Carter administration for the establishment and funding of a national plan to meet the library development needs of area studies programs, Title VI funds for international studies have