Auditor´Ia Informática Dos Sistemas Do Instituto Da Lingua Galega

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Auditor´Ia Informática Dos Sistemas Do Instituto Da Lingua Galega UNIVERSIDADE DE SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA ESCOLA TECNICA´ SUPERIOR DE ENXENAR~ ´IA Auditor´ıainform´aticados sistemas do Instituto da Lingua Galega Autor: Jose Antonio Cutr´ınGarabal Directores: Jos´eManuel Cotos Y´a~nez Xos´eLu´ısRegueira Fern´andez Grao en Enxe~nar´ıaInform´atica Xullo 2020 Traballo de Fin de Grao presentado na Escola T´ecnicaSuperior de Enxe~nar´ıa da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela para a obtenci´ondo Grao en Enxe~nar´ıaInform´atica D. Jos´eManuel Cotos Y´a~nez, Profesor do Departamento de Electr´onica e Computaci´onda Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, e D. Xos´eLu´ıs Regueira Fern´andez, Profesor do Departamento de Filolox´ıaGalega da Uni- versidade de Santiago de Compostela, INFORMAN: Que a presente memoria, titulada Auditor´ıainform´atica dos sistemas do Insti- tuto da Lingua Galega, presentada por D. Jose Antonio Cutr´ınGarabal para superar os cr´editoscorrespondentes ao Traballo de Fin de Grao da titulaci´onde Grao en Enxe~nar´ıaInform´atica,realizouse baixo nosa direcci´onno Departamento de Electr´onicae Computaci´one no Departamento de Filolox´ıaGalega da Uni- versidade de Santiago de Compostela. E para que as´ıconste aos efectos oportunos, expiden o presente informe en Santiago de Compostela, a 5 de xullo de 2020: O titor, O cotitor, O alumno, Jos´eM. Cotos Y´a~nez Xos´eLu´ısRegueira Fern´andez Jose A. Cutr´ınGarabal i ii Agradecementos A mam´ae a pap´a,que sempre me insististes en que estudase. Al´ıonde esteades, agardo que esteades orgullosos. A´ mi~namuller, Caro, por matricularme e apoiarme dende o primeiro ata o ´ultimod´ıade carreira. A Manel Cotos, por darme a idea desta auditor´ıae guiarme nela. A Xos´eLu´ısRegueira e a Maruxa Alvarez,´ por confiar en min e darme a oportunidade de desenvolver o TFG sobre un proxecto real. As´ \bases" do Instituto da Lingua Galega, por facerme sentir un m´ais. iii iv ´Indice xeral 1. Introduci´on 1 1.1. Obxectivos xerais . .1 1.2. Relaci´onda documentaci´onque conforma a memoria . .1 1.3. Descrici´ondo Instituto da Lingua Galega . .2 1.4. Estrutura do documento . .4 2. An´alise 5 2.1. Alcance do proxecto . .5 2.1.1. Descrici´ondo alcance da auditor´ıa. .5 2.1.2. Entregables do proxecto . .6 2.1.3. Supostos do proxecto . .6 2.2. Metodolox´ıaPDCA . .6 2.3. Planificaci´on. .9 2.3.1. Estrutura de descomposici´ondo traballo (EDT) . .9 2.3.2. Diccionario da EDT . 10 2.3.3. Cronograma do proxecto: Diagrama de Gantt . 10 2.4. Xesti´onda configuraci´on . 13 2.4.1. Xesti´ondo c´odigo. 13 2.4.2. Xesti´onda documentaci´on . 13 2.5. An´alisede riscos . 14 2.5.1. Identificaci´onde riscos . 14 2.5.2. An´alisede riscos . 15 2.5.3. Resposta a riscos . 18 2.6. An´alisede custos . 21 2.6.1. Custos directos . 21 2.6.2. Custos indirectos . 23 2.6.3. Custo total . 23 3. Planificaci´on(Plan) 25 3.1. Infraestrutura inform´aticado ILG . 25 3.1.1. Servidores f´ısicos . 25 3.1.2. An´alisee descrici´ondos servidores de aplicaci´onse bases de datos . 26 v 3.1.3. An´alisedas aplicaci´onsweb . 40 3.2. Refactorizaci´onde FOLERPA e CORILGA . 59 3.2.1. FOLERPA . 60 3.2.2. CORILGA . 62 3.3. Proposta de soluci´on . 63 3.3.1. Proposta de sistemas . 63 3.3.2. Proposta de aplicaci´onsweb e bases de datos . 71 4. Implementaci´on(Do) 91 4.1. Auditor´ıade sistemas . 91 4.1.1. Creaci´onde servidores virtuais . 91 4.1.2. Instalaci´onde Debian 10 en servidores novos . 94 4.1.3. Instalaci´ondo xestor de bases de datos MariaDB . 97 4.1.4. Instalaci´ondo xestor de bases de datos PostgreSQL . 98 4.1.5. Instalaci´ondo servidor web Apache2 . 99 4.1.6. Actualizaci´onde Debian 6 a Debian 7 . 100 4.1.7. Actualizaci´onde Debian 7 a Debian 8 . 101 4.1.8. Eliminar o contorno de escritorio de Debian 9 . 105 4.1.9. Actualizaci´onde Debian 9 a Debian 10 . 107 4.1.10. Instalaci´ondo servidor web Tomcat . 107 4.1.11. Backups en rede . 108 4.1.12. Configuraci´onde Apache2 como proxy . 110 4.1.13. Configuraci´onde iptables . 111 4.2. Auditor´ıade bases de datos . 112 4.2.1. PostgreSQL . 112 4.2.2. MySQL / MariaDB . 121 4.3. Auditor´ıade aplicaci´ons . 133 4.3.1. Autoservizo de reseteo de contrasinais . 135 4.3.2. Arquivo do Galego Oral . 136 4.3.3. Asociaci´onGalega de Onom´astica. 137 4.3.4. AMPER - Galicia . 138 4.3.5. Biblioteca Dixital da Galicia Medieval . 139 4.3.6. Cartograf´ıados Apelidos de Galicia . 140 4.3.7. Base de datos do dicionario dos apelidos galegos . 140 4.3.8. Cela . 140 4.3.9. Corpus Informatizado do Galego-Portugu´esAntigo . 141 4.3.10. Corpus Informatizado do Galego-Portugu´esMedieval . 143 4.3.11. Corpus Informatizado do Portugu´esMedieval . 144 4.3.12. Corpus Oral Informatizado da Lingua Galega . 146 4.3.13. Corpus Cortegal . 147 4.3.14. Portal dos ditados t´opicosgalegos . 148 4.3.15. Estudos de Ling¨u´ısticaGalega . 149 4.3.16. Ferramenta On-Line para a ExpeRimentaci´onPerceptivA . 149 vi 4.3.17. Corpus Gondomar . 150 4.3.18. ´Indices do Atlas Ling¨u´ıstico Galego (ALGa) . 151 4.3.19. The International Phonetic Alphabet (revised to 2005) . 152 4.3.20. Inventario Topon´ımicoda Galicia Medieval . 152 4.3.21. Ledigal - Variaci´onsocioling¨u´ısticano l´exico . 154 4.3.22. Libros, memoria y archivos . 154 4.3.23. Comparaci´ondos 10 nomes m´aispopulares en diferentes zonas no ano 2015 . 155 4.3.24. Evoluci´ondos 10 nomes m´aispopulares en Galicia entre 2000 - 2015 . 156 4.3.25. Os 10 nomes de nenas e nenos m´aispopulares en Galicia (2000 - 2015) . 157 4.3.26. Lingua, patrimonio e co~necemento tradicional . 157 4.3.27. Pdmapping . 158 4.3.28. Mapa do Patrimonio L´exicoda Gallaecia . 159 4.3.29. Patrimonio L´exicoda Gallaecia . 159 4.3.30. Dicionario de pronuncia da lingua galega . 160 4.3.31. Tecnolox´ıae An´alisedos Datos Ling¨u´ısticos . 161 4.3.32. Tesouro do l´exicopatrimonial galego e portugu´es . 162 4.3.33. Tesouro (obras) . 163 4.3.34. Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (TILG) . 164 4.3.35. Corpus TILG . 164 4.3.36. Tesouro Informatizado da Lingua Galega (vello) . 165 4.3.37. Blog do Tesouro do l´exicopatrimonial galego e portugu´es. 166 4.3.38. Tesouro Medieval Informatizado do Castel´ande Galiza . 167 4.3.39. Tesouro Medieval Informatizado da Lingua Galega . 168 4.3.40. Wiki do Instituto da Lingua Galega . 170 4.3.41. PLG do Tesouro . 171 4.3.42. Web do Instituto da Lingua Galega . 171 4.4. Refactorizaci´on.. 172 4.4.1. FOLERPA. 172 4.4.2. CORILGA. 185 4.5. Estado final. 189 5. Revisi´on(Check) 191 5.1. Comprobaci´onsde sistemas . 191 5.1.1. Comprobaci´ondo correcto funcionamento de PHP e os seus m´odulos . 191 5.1.2. Comprobaci´onda instalaci´onde Tomcat . 192 5.1.3. Comprobaci´onsde iptables . 193 5.2. Comprobaci´onsde bases de datos . 194 5.2.1. Comprobar a conexi´ona PotgreSQL . 194 5.2.2. Comprobar a conexi´ona MySQL/MariaDB . 194 vii 5.3. Comprobaci´onde aplicaci´onsweb . 194 5.3.1. Comprobar o estado das aplicaci´onsweb . 194 5.3.2. Comprobar que a Wiki s´o´eaccesible dende a LAN do Ins- tituto da Lingua Galega . 195 5.3.3. Comprobar que non funciona o teclado nos tests de FO- LERPA. 196 5.3.4. Comprobar que a internacionalizaci´onde FOLERPA est´aa funcionar. 196 5.3.5. Comprobar que funcionan as URL amigables. 196 5.3.6. Comprobar que FOLERPA permite calcular o tempo de resposta cando empeza a reproducirse o audio. 196 6. Propostas de mellora (Act) 199 7. Conclusi´ons 201 Bibliograf´ıa 203 viii ´Indice de figuras 2.1. Ciclo PDCA ou roda de Deming . .7 2.2. Estrutura de Descomposici´ondo Traballo do proxecto . .9 2.3. Diagrama de Gantt do proxecto . 12 3.1. Diagrama do estado inicial . 27 3.2. Diagrama das webs e bases de datos do Instituto da Lingua Galega. 40 3.3. Diagrama da proposta de sistemas . 64 3.4. Erro mostrado ao actualizar a Debian 9 un servidor aloxado no Proxmox 3.3 . 67 3.5. Proposta de soluci´onpara as aplicaci´onsweb e de bases de datos do Instituto da Lingua Galega. 71 4.1. Pestana \General" da pantalla de creaci´onda m´aquinavirtual en Proxmox 5.4. 92 4.2. Pestana \OS" da pantalla de creaci´onda m´aquinavirtual en Prox- mox 5.4. 92 4.3. Pestana \Hard Disk" da pantalla de creaci´onda m´aquinavirtual en Proxmox 5.4. 93 4.4. Pestana \CPU" da pantalla de creaci´onda m´aquina virtual en Proxmox 5.4. 93 4.5. Pestana \Memory" da pantalla de creaci´onda m´aquinavirtual en Proxmox 5.4. 94 4.6. Configurar o xestor de paquetes na instalaci´onde Debian 10. 95 4.7. Pantalla de selecci´onde software na instalaci´onde Debian 10. 96 4.8. Instalar o cargador de arranque GRUB na instalaci´onde Debian 10. 96 4.9. Instalaci´onde PostgreSQL 11 en Debian 10. 98 4.10. Instalaci´onde PHP 7.3 en Debian 10. 99 4.11.
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