The Foreign Service Journal, November 2017
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American Diplomacy Project: a US Diplomatic Service for the 21St
AMERICAN DIPLOMACY PROJECT A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Ambassador Nicholas Burns Ambassador Marc Grossman Ambassador Marcie Ries REPORT NOVEMBER 2020 American Diplomacy Project: A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Design and layout by Auge+Gray+Drake Collective Works Copyright 2020, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America FULL PROJECT NAME American Diplomacy Project A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Ambassador Nicholas Burns Ambassador Marc Grossman Ambassador Marcie Ries REPORT NOVEMBER 2020 Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs | Harvard Kennedy School i ii American Diplomacy Project: A U.S. Diplomatic Service for the 21st Century Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................3 10 Actions to Reimagine American Diplomacy and Reinvent the Foreign Service ........................................................5 Action 1 Redefine the Mission and Mandate of the U.S. Foreign Service ...................................................10 Action 2 Revise the Foreign Service Act ................................. 16 Action 3 Change the Culture .................................................. -
SUNY PRESS Fall 2017
SUNY PRESS fall 2017 353 Broadway, State University Plaza Albany, NY 12246-0001 Visit SUNY Press catalogs on phone: 1-866-430-7869/518-944-2800 fax: 518-320-1592 www.sunypress.edu contents EXCELSIOR EDITIONS 1–12 Warehouse & Order Fulfillment African Studies 45 Ordering Address African American Studies 44–45 SUNY Press Archaeology (new in paper) 41 PO Box 960 Herndon, VA 20172-0960 Asian Studies 14–19 Buddhist Studies (new in paper) 24 Phone & Fax Numbers Toll-free Customer Service: Chinese Studies (new in paper) 19 877-204-6073 Codhill Press 55–56 Toll Customer Service: Cultural Studies 50–51 703-661-1575 Education 57–59 Toll-free Fax: Environmental Studies 42 877-204-6074 Film Studies 52–53 Toll Fax: 703-996-1010 Gender Studies 50 Hispanic Studies 43–44 Ordering E-mail [email protected] History (new in paper) 41 Indigenous Studies 51–52 Returns Address Jewish Studies 46–47 SUNY Press Returns Dept. Journals 60 22883 Quicksilver Dr. Latin American Studies 42–43 Dulles, VA 20166 Literature (new in paper) 54 Standard Address Number (SAN) Middle Eastern Studies 48 760-7261 Muswell Hill Press 54–55 New York 13 Philosophy 25–33 Political Science 34–40 Psychoanalysis 34 Religious Studies 20–24 Sociology 41 Women’s Studies 48–49 A proud member of the Association of American University Presses Order Form 60 Sales Representation 62–63 Cover: Evans et al./Black Women’s Mental Health, p. 44, cover art by Tariq Mix. Author Index 64 The Semitica fonts used to create this work are © 1986–2003 Payne Loving Trust. -
Choosing Sides and Guiding Policy United States’ and Pakistan’S Wars in Afghanistan
UNIVERSITY OF FLORDA Choosing Sides and Guiding Policy United States’ and Pakistan’s Wars in Afghanistan Azhar Merchant 4/24/2019 Table of Contents I. Introduction… 2 II. Political Settlement of the Mujahedeen War… 7 III. The Emergence of the Taliban and the Lack of U.S. Policy… 27 IV. The George W. Bush Administration… 50 V. Conclusion… 68 1 I. Introduction Forty years of war in Afghanistan has encouraged the most extensive periods of diplomatic and military cooperation between the United States and Pakistan. The communist overthrow of a relatively peaceful Afghan government and the subsequent Soviet invasion in 1979 prompted the United States and Pakistan to cooperate in funding and training Afghan mujahedeen in their struggle against the USSR. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Afghanistan entered a period of civil war throughout the 1990s that nurtured Islamic extremism, foreign intervention, and the rise of the Taliban and Al-Qaeda, ultimately culminating in the devastating attacks against Americans on September 11th. Seventeen years later, the United States continues its war in Afghanistan while its relationship with Pakistan has deteriorated to an all-time low. The mutual fear of Soviet expansionism was the unifying cause for Americans and Pakistanis to work together in the 1980s, yet as the wars in Afghanistan evolved, so did the countries’ respective aims and objectives.1 After the Soviets were successfully pushed out of the region by the mujahedeen, the United States felt it no longer had any reason to stay. The initial policy aim of destabilizing the USSR through prolonged covert conflict in Afghanistan was achieved. -
By Any Other Name: How, When, and Why the US Government Has Made
By Any Other Name How, When, and Why the US Government Has Made Genocide Determinations By Todd F. Buchwald Adam Keith CONTENTS List of Acronyms ................................................................................. ix Introduction ........................................................................................... 1 Section 1 - Overview of US Practice and Process in Determining Whether Genocide Has Occurred ....................................................... 3 When Have Such Decisions Been Made? .................................. 3 The Nature of the Process ........................................................... 3 Cold War and Historical Cases .................................................... 5 Bosnia, Rwanda, and the 1990s ................................................... 7 Darfur and Thereafter .................................................................... 8 Section 2 - What Does the Word “Genocide” Actually Mean? ....... 10 Public Perceptions of the Word “Genocide” ........................... 10 A Legal Definition of the Word “Genocide” ............................. 10 Complications Presented by the Definition ...............................11 How Clear Must the Evidence Be in Order to Conclude that Genocide has Occurred? ................................................... 14 Section 3 - The Power and Importance of the Word “Genocide” .. 15 Genocide’s Unique Status .......................................................... 15 A Different Perspective .............................................................. -
NRC-2021-000027, Request for Copies of All Dissent Channel
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Mail Stop TWFN-6 A60M Washington, DC 20555-0001 Email: [email protected] November 9, 2020 Greetings, This is a request under the Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”), 5 U.S.C. § 552 and the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552a. This request should be considered under both statutes to maximize the release of records. REQUESTER INFORMATION Name: Kenneth Klippenstein Position: DC Correspondent/The Nation Address: (b) (6) Email: (b) (6) Phone: (b) (6) Noelle Llamas Email: (b) (6) (b) (6) RECORDS SOUGHT I respectfully request copies of all dissent channel cables, memos or any other similar type of submission received by your agency from January 1, 2009 to November 9, 2020. BACKGROUND Many federal agencies contain a messaging framework through which they are invited to express constructive criticism of government policy; this request will refer to such mechanisms as a “dissent channel.” Some agencies may not formally call it a dissent channel but the purpose is the same. For example, The Central Intelligence Agency has "red teams" of intelligence officers and analysts "dedicated to arguing against the intelligence community's conventional wisdom and spotting flaws in logic and analysis.1 In 1980, one year after the Three Mile Island nuclear meltdown, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) created its Differing Professional Opinion process, a dissent resolution mechanism.2 In 2011 the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) created a dissent reporting mechanism they called the Direct Channel, and made -
Table of Contents
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project Foreign Assistance Series ELISABETH KVITASHVILI Interviewed by: John Pielemeier Initial Interview Date: December 5, 2016 Copyright 2018 ADST This oral history transcription was made possible through support provided by U.S. Agency for International Development, under terms of Cooperative Agreement No. AID-OAA-F-16-00101. The opinions expressed herein are those of the interviewee and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development or the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. TABLE OF CONTENTS Family background University and growing interest in international development 1979 entry into USAID as a GS officer 1983 conversion to the Foreign Service 1984 Assignment to Peshawar and the Cross-Border Humanitarian Assistance program for Afghanistan The “infamous” Primary Education Program for Afghanistan, work in Nepal and adventures in Srinagar 1986 USAID/Honduras and visits from Oliver North. Mob attack on the USAID mission USAID/Washington Asia Bureau: work in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Philippines and Thailand 1989: Setting up the new USAID program in the former Soviet Union. 1991: Work in Armenia, Chernobyl, Ukraine and airlifts with the DOD Office of Humanitarian Assistance 1992: Assignment to Moscow and opening the new mission 1 Changing the Russia program from humanitarian assistance to market and democratic reforms Providing humanitarian assistance to Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. Visits by Pres. Clinton -
A/61/INF 5 Prov.1
A/61/INF/5 PROV. ORIGINAL: FRANÇAIS / ENGLISH DATE: 18 SEPTEMBRE 2020\18 SEPTEMBER, 2020 Assemblées des États membres de l’OMPI Soixante et unième série de réunions Genève, 21 – 25 septembre 2020 Assemblies of the Member States of WIPO Sixty-First Series of Meetings Geneva, September 21 to 25, 2020 LISTE PROVISOIRE∗ DES PARTICIPANTS PROVISIONAL* LIST OF PARTICIPANTS établie par le Secrétariat prepared by the Secretariat ∗ Les participants sont priés d’informer le Secrétariat, en modifiant la présente liste provisoire, des modifications qui devraient être prises en considération lors de la préparation de la liste finale des participants. ∗ Participants are requested to inform the Secretariat of any changes which should be taken into account in preparing the final list of participants. Changes should be requested by making corrections on the present provisional list. A/61/INF/5 Prov. page 2 I. ÉTATS/STATES (dans l’ordre alphabétique des noms français des États) (in the alphabetical order of the names in French) AFGHANISTAN Mohammad Isa MAYAR (Mr.), Director General, Afghanistan Central Business Registry and Intellectual Properties (ACBRIP), Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Kabul [email protected] Shoib TIMORY (Mr.), Deputy Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission, Geneva [email protected] Soman FAHIM (Ms.), Second Secretary, Permanent Mission, Geneva [email protected] AFRIQUE DU SUD/SOUTH AFRICA Nozipho Joyce MXAKATO-DISEKO (Ms.), Ambassador, Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission, Geneva Mandla NKABENI (Mr.), First -
H-Diplo | ISSF Article Review 99 Issforum.Org
H-Diplo | ISSF Article Review 99 issforum.org H-Diplo/ISSF Editors: Seth Offenbach and Diane Labrosse H-Diplo/ISSF Web and Production Editor: George Fujii Amanda J. Rothschild. “Rousing a Response: When the United States Changes Policy toward Mass Killing.” International Security 42:2 (Fall 2017): 120-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_A_00295. Review by Debbie Sharnak, Harvard University Published by ISSF on 20 June 2018 http://tiny.cc/ISSF-AR99 https://issforum.org/articlereviews/99-rousing https://issforum.org/ISSF/PDF/ISSF-AR99.pdf ver the last year, the mass killing and ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya Muslim minority in Myanmar has become a major international issue. More than 700,000 Rohingya have fled from the O Rakhine state, the death roll exceeded 10,000 in a four month period from August to December 2017 alone, and policymakers and United Nations (UN) experts have been moving towards calling the situation a genocide.1 In the U.S., Congress, the State Department, and public pressure has begun to mount over whether the U.S. response—thus far a combination of congressional hearings, humanitarian assistance, and withdrawal of aid to the military—warrants a shift. 2 1 Nicholas Kristof, “Is This a Genocide?” New York Times, 15 December 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/15/opinion/sunday/genocide-myanmar-rohingya-bangladesh.html; Barb Wilkinson, “UN Official Convinced of Myanmar Rohingya ‘Genocide’,” CNN, 12 March 2018, https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/12/asia/myanmar-rohingya-un-violence-genocide-intl/index.html. 2 U.S. House of Representatives, Hearing, “The Rohingya Crisis: U.S. -
Bangladesh's Genocide Debate; a Conscientious Research
Bangladesh’s genocide debate; A conscientious research Collective and institutional commissions of crimes diminish the self-recognition of culpability; individual responsibility loses its meaning once it is applied to a group or a community that shares a common membership and is associated through the perpetration of a crime. Often this is applied to mass atrocities such as genocide. The perpetrators believe they are invincible since they act within a social structure that dictates their actions and make them feel part of a collective criminal project, which in return weakens any sense of personal liability. “Where all are guilty, no one is; confessions of collective guilt are the best possible safeguard against the discovery of culprits, and the very magnitude of the crime the best excuse for doing nothing” - Hannah Arendt This paper will explore this notion by implementing it to the commission of war crimes, and will examine how the concept of power and particularly imposition of control and avoidance of responsibility facilitates its realization. It will outline a definition of war crimes and analyse the legal safeguards and frameworks that have been implemented in order to prevent their happening. The paper will further theoretically unravel the notion of political power and authority, and will subsequently examine how the two phenomena are interrelated – how powerful individuals and States are able to evade the law or use it to their own advantage while disregarding human rights, in order to pursue political objectives. This paper will further set out an approach of analysing this powerful juridical-political superstructure of the State apparatus through drawing an example with the war crimes and genocide committed over the East Pakistani people (present-day Bangladesh) during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. -
IFE WOMEN in POWER Tuesday June 13, 2017 – Guest Bios
IFE DINNER WITH JENNIFER GRIFFIN | JUNE 13, 2017 @7PM Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. IFE WOMEN IN POWER Tuesday June 13, 2017 – Guest Bios HOST H.E. Sylvie Lucas, Ambassador of Luxembourg to the United States On September 16th, 2016, Ambassador Sylvie Lucas presented her Letter of Credence to President Barack Obama. Prior to her appointment as the 14th Ambassador of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to the United States of America, Ms. Lucas served from August 2008 to August 2016 as Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Luxembourg to the United Nations in New York. From 2004 to 2008, Ambassador Lucas held the position of Director for Political Affairs in Luxembourg’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, notably during Luxembourg’s Presidency of the European Union in 2005. In this capacity, she was responsible for bilateral political relations, EU common foreign, security and defense policy, NATO, international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, the OSCE, or the Council of Europe, as well as for issues like human rights and rule of law or non-proliferation and disarmament. The Ambassador also held the post of Deputy Director for Political Affairs from 2000 to 2003. Before, she served for five years as Luxembourg’s Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York, beginning in 1995. Ms. Lucas has furthermore served as Luxembourg’s Ambassador to Portugal (2003-2004), and, simultaneously, as non-resident Ambassador to Cabo Verde. She began her diplomatic career in 1990, when she joined her Foreign Ministry’s Directorate for Political and Cultural Affairs. From 1991 to 1995, she served in the Directorate for International Economic Relations. -
Inflections Program.Docx
Artwork by Tony Aidan Vo Featuring: Body of Eyes by Philip Gotanda, music by Shinji Eshima A couple wonders about their decision to not have children. Darwin’s Arch by Jade Wu Everything changes yet remains the same because invisibility exists only in darkness, but if light shines a spot on the unseen fear that keeps reinventing hate in the dark, it will erode, collapsing its foundation, proving that only the truest of the fittest survive. Distanced Abandoned by Max Yu Zhaofei encounters the conflict between his father and uncle when he returns to Nanchang after learning of his grandmother's death. Same Shadow by Ren Dara Santiago Same Shadow follows two Fili-Rican sisters in their late twenties living on opposite ends of the East Coast as they unfold a pattern of rediscovering themselves together through a series of FaceTime calls about food, career goals, racism, dream interpretations, trauma, and family. Story, a Play in Twenty Measures by Mashuq Mushtaq Deen A story about the families we make, sometimes out of thin air, but always out of full hearts. Jump to: Body of Eyes | Darwin’s Arch | Distance Abandoned | Same Shadow | Story, a Play in Twenty Measures Production and Community Partners Body of Eyes by Philip Kan Gotanda Philip Kan Gotanda (Playwright) Philip Kan Gotanda has created one of the largest canon of Asian American-themed works and is instrumental in bringing stories of Asians in the U.S. to mainstream American theater as well as to Europe and Asia. Mr. Gotanda holds a law degree from Hastings College of Law and studied pottery in Japan with the late Hiroshi Seto. -
Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention Against
United Nations CTOC/COP/2006/INF.1/FINAL Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention 18 October 2006 against Transnational English/French/Spanish Organized Crime Third session Vienna, 9-18 October 2006 FINAL LIST OF PARTICIPANTS States Parties Afghanistan Zia NEZAM, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Afghanistan to the United Nations (Vienna) Amanullah ZEWERI, Minister Counsellor, Deputy Head at Mission Mohammad Daud WEDAH, Second Secretary, Permanent Mission in Vienna Albania Zef MAZI, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Albania to the United Nations (Vienna) Albana DAUTLLARI, Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Albania to the United Nations (Vienna) Algeria Taous FEROUKHI, Ambassadeur, Représentant Permanent, Mission Permanente de la République Algérienne Démocratique (Vienne) Said KHELIFI, Ministre Plénipotentiaire, Mission Permanente Nabil HATTALI, Chargé de Mission, Présidence de la République Lotfi BOUFEDJI, Magistrat, Conseiller de la Cour Supreme, Sous-Directeurde la Justice penale Specialisee, Ministère de la Justice Abdou BENHALLA, Magistrat, Membre du Conseil de la Cellule du Traitement du Renseignement Financier Thouraya BENMOKRANE, Conseiller près la Mission Permanente Anis GUEN, Attaché Diplomatique, Ministère des Affaires Etrangères Argentina Eugenio María CURIA, Embajador, Representante Permanente, Misión Permanente de la República Argentina (Viena) Betina PASQUALI DE FONSECA, Consejero,Representante Permanente, Misión Permanente de la República Argentina (Viena) Mauricio ALICE, Dirección General de