climate Article Canopy Urban Heat Island and Its Association with Climate Conditions in Dubai, UAE Afifa Mohammed 1,*, Gloria Pignatta 1 , Evangelia Topriska 2 and Mattheos Santamouris 1 1 Faculty of Built Environment, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
[email protected] (G.P.);
[email protected] (M.S.) 2 Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai 294345, UAE;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] Received: 25 May 2020; Accepted: 24 June 2020; Published: 26 June 2020 Abstract: The impact that climate change and urbanization are having on the thermal-energy balance of the built environment is a major environmental concern today. Urban heat island (UHI) is another phenomenon that can raise the temperature in cities. This study aims to examine the UHI magnitude and its association with the main meteorological parameters (i.e., temperature, wind speed, and wind direction) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Five years of hourly weather data (2014–2018) obtained from weather stations located in an urban, suburban, and rural area, were post-processed by means of a clustering technique. Six clusters characterized by different ranges of wind directions were analyzed. The analysis reveals that UHI is affected by the synoptic weather conditions (i.e., sea breeze and hot air coming from the desert) and is larger at night. In the urban area, air temperature and night-time UHI intensity, averaged on the five year period, are 1.3 ◦C and 3.3 ◦C higher with respect to the rural area, respectively, and the UHI and air temperature are independent of each other only when the wind comes from the desert.