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Solomon Islands Country Report

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Solomon Islands Country Report MSI draft v4 21 Jan reformatted 24 Apr (scanned Avira v. 8.2.0.354) Solomon Islands Country Report for the 5‐Year Review of the Mauritius Strategy for Further Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for Sustainable Deve lopment of SIDS (MSI+5) Final Draft 30 January 2010 Prepared by Paul Roughan (PHCG Ltd) and Sammy Wara (Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination) Page 1 of 59 MSI draft v4 21 Jan reformatted 24 Apr (scanned Avira v. 8.2.0.354) Table of Contents Table of Contents ....................................................................................2 1. Solomon Islands: Situation Overview...............................................6 1.1 Governance Situation 6 1.1.1 Peace and security............................................................................ 7 1.1.2 Land and Conflict.............................................................................. 7 1.1.3 Governance and democracy ............................................................... 8 1.1.4 Human rights, gender, persons with disabilities..................................... 8 1.2 Economic Situation 8 1.2.1 Macroeconomic performance .............................................................. 8 1.2.2 Subsistence sector trends .................................................................. 8 1.2.3 Forest sector trends .......................................................................... 9 1.2.4 Agriculture sector trends ................................................................. 10 1.2.5 Fisheries sector trends .................................................................... 11 1.2.6 Minerals sector trends ..................................................................... 12 1.2.7 Tourism, manufacturing sector trends ............................................... 13 1.2.8 Energy sector trends....................................................................... 13 1.2.9 Remittances: RSE participation......................................................... 13 1.3 Social Situation 14 1.3.1 Overview....................................................................................... 14 1.3.2 Education ...................................................................................... 14 1.3.3 Health........................................................................................... 15 1.3.4 Urbanisation .................................................................................. 15 1.4 Environmental situation 16 1.4.1 Overview....................................................................................... 16 1.4.2 Biological diversity.......................................................................... 16 1.4.3 Freshwater resources ...................................................................... 16 1.4.4 Coastal environments...................................................................... 17 1.4.5 Climate change and sea level rise ..................................................... 17 1.4.6 Land and sea pollution: ................................................................... 17 2. National Enabling Environment ......................................................18 2.1 National Policies and Strategies 18 2.1.1 CNURA Government policy ............................................................... 18 2.2 National Sustainable Development Strategy 19 2.2.1 Medium Term Development Strategy 2008-2010................................. 19 2.2.2 National Environment Capacity Development Action Plan –NECDAP........ 21 2.2.3 National Energy Policy Framework..................................................... 21 2.3 Non-State Actors 22 2.3.1 Communities and villages ................................................................ 22 2.3.2 Churches....................................................................................... 22 2.3.3 Business ....................................................................................... 22 2.3.4 Non government organisations ......................................................... 23 3. The Thematic Areas........................................................................24 3.1 Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise 24 3.1.1 Climate Change Division of the MECM................................................ 24 3.1.2 National Adaptation Program of Action – NAPA.................................... 24 3.1.3 Climate change mainstreaming......................................................... 25 3.2 Natural and Environmental Disasters 25 Page 2 of 59 MSI draft v4 21 Jan reformatted 24 Apr (scanned Avira v. 8.2.0.354) 3.2.1 History of environmental disasters .................................................... 25 3.2.2 Disaster response systems............................................................... 28 3.2.3 Disaster Capacity Development ........................................................ 29 3.3 Management of Wastes 30 3.3.1 National Waste Management Strategy ............................................... 30 3.4 Coastal and Marine Resources 31 3.4.1 National programmes and plans........................................................ 31 3.4.2 Coral Triangle Initiative National Action Plan – CTI .............................. 32 3.5 Freshwater Resources 32 3.6 Land Resources 33 3.6.1 Land administration and tenure ........................................................ 33 3.6.2 Mining .......................................................................................... 34 3.6.3 Agriculture and Forestry .................................................................. 34 3.7 Energy Resources 36 3.8 Tourism Resources 38 3.8.1 Sustainable Tourism ....................................................................... 38 3.9 Biodiversity Resources 39 3.9.1 National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan – NBSAP............................. 39 3.9.2 Programme of work on protected areas (POWPA) ................................ 40 3.10 Transportation and Communication 40 3.10.1 Air transport .................................................................................. 40 3.10.2 Shipping........................................................................................ 41 3.10.3 Land transport ............................................................................... 41 3.10.4 Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) ......................... 41 4. Cross-cutting Issues ......................................................................43 4.1 Science and Technology 43 4.2 Graduation from Least Developed Country (LDC) Status 43 4.3 Trade: Globalisation and Trade Liberalisation 43 4.4 Sustainable Capacity Development and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) 44 4.5 Sustainable Production and Consumption 45 4.6 Knowledge Management and Information for Decision-Making45 5. Implementation .............................................................................46 5.1 Access to and provision of Financial Resources 46 5.2 Science and Development and Transfer of Technology 47 5.3 Capacity Development 48 5.4 National and International Governance including trade and finance 49 5.5 Monitoring and Evaluation 49 6. Impact and Responses to the Recent Global Crises........................51 6.1 The Global Fuel and Food Crises 51 6.1.1 Rice.............................................................................................. 51 6.1.2 Fuel.............................................................................................. 52 6.2 The Global Financial Crisis 52 6.2.1 Temporary logging downturn............................................................ 52 6.3 Responses 52 Page 3 of 59 MSI draft v4 21 Jan reformatted 24 Apr (scanned Avira v. 8.2.0.354) 7. Challenges and opportunities.........................................................54 7.1 Key challenges for sustainable development 54 7.2 Key opportunities for sustainable development 55 7.3 Key priorities for sustainable development 56 7.4 Challenges, Needs and Priorities for future MSI Implementation 57 7.4.1 Challenges – MSI implementation ..................................................... 57 7.4.2 Needs – MSI implementation............................................................ 58 7.4.3 Priorities – MSI implementation ........................................................ 58 Page 4 of 59 MSI draft v4 21 Jan reformatted 24 Apr (scanned Avira v. 8.2.0.354) Table of Figures Figure 1: Log volume and export prices 2000-2008 (source: CBSI 2009 Annual Report) ..... 10 Figure 2: Export volumes of key agricultural commodities 2005-2008 (Source: CBSI Annual Report 2009)..................................................................................................................... 11 Figure 3: National Fish Production and Export Prices (source: CBSI 2009 Annual Report).. 12 Figure 4: 2006-2008 Government Spending Trends (sourced from 2008 Medium Term Development Strategy ).................................................................................................... 47 Figure 5:World food and fuel prices 2002-2009 (Source CBSI 2009 Annual Report)............ 51 List of Tables Table 1: Subsistence economy in relation to agriculture and extractives (from State of Environment Report 2008)................................................................................................. 9 Table 2: MTDS Alignment to the MDGs and MSI................................................................. 20 Table 3: Overarching Energy Framework Goals and Policies................................................
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