remote sensing Article Exploring Annual Urban Expansions in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area: Spatiotemporal Features and Driving Factors in 1986–2017 Jie Zhang 1,2, Le Yu 3 , Xuecao Li 4 , Chenchen Zhang 1,2, Tiezhu Shi 1,5, Xiangyin Wu 5 , Chao Yang 1 , Wenxiu Gao 5, Qingquan Li 1,2,* and Guofeng Wu 1 1 MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
[email protected] (J.Z.);
[email protected] (C.Z.);
[email protected] (T.S.);
[email protected] (C.Y.);
[email protected] (G.W.) 2 College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China 3 Department of Earth System Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
[email protected] 4 Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
[email protected] 5 School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
[email protected] (X.W.);
[email protected] (W.G.) * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-6485-5094 Received: 13 July 2020; Accepted: 10 August 2020; Published: 13 August 2020 Abstract: The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China is one of the largest bay areas in the world. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of urban expansions in this region are poorly understood. Here we used the annual remote sensing images, Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, and geographical detector method to characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in the GBA and investigate their driving factors during 1986–2017 on regional and city scales.