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Checklist of Birds at Bhatye Estuary and Adjacent Areas, Maharashtra Shital S

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Checklist of Birds at Bhatye Estuary and Adjacent Areas, Maharashtra Shital S Checklist of birds at Bhatye estuary and adjacent areas, Maharashtra Shital S. Taware1, Vishwajeet M. Lagade2, Deepak V. Muley3 and Kashinath B. Koli4 Abstract This study presents avian diversity of Bhatye estuary and adjacent areas where surveys have been conducted for two years (2009-2010) in five different localities, which were categorized on the basis of habitat differences. Total 113 bird species belonging to 14 orders and 41 families were observed at five different localities. Out of these 113 species, 80 species were residential, 17 species were residential (local) migratory and 16 species were migratory. Most of the residential and migratory species belonged to aquatic bird group. Some incidences were noticed regarding human interference, especially mangrove cutting for firewood, salting and drying of fishes under net and fencing commercial trees by nets to Fig.1 Site map of Bhatye Estuary and adjacent area avoid roosting by birds, which directly I- Mouth of the Bhatye estuary and Bhatye open coast, II- Mangrove Island, III- influenced avifauna. Two near Kerla back water, IV- Regional coconut Research Station, V- Fansop hilly area with threatened and three vulnerable Mango plantation species were observed during the surveys. Measures should be taken to management actions for waterbirds made with a binocular. The protect diverse habitat and avifauna and their habitats (Wetlands Int. 2002; identification and status of the species around Bhatye estuary without Arun kumar et al. 2003). were made with the help of standard disturbing fishery and mango literature (Salim Ali 2002; Grimmett et cultivation practices. Ratnagiri is located close to open coast al. 2007). and estuary and is well known as Introduction major landing centre for marine fishery Study area Coastal wetlands and estuaries are along west coast of Maharashtra. Out Bhatye Estuary - The Bhatye estuary diverse systems providing important of 20 major and minor estuaries and is situated (73° 15’ E and 16°51’ N) habitats for flora and fauna including creeks in Ratnagiri District, Bhatye near Ratnagiri (Maharashtra). Estuary migratory and indigenous fish and bird estuary is well known for excellent is formed by river Kajli, having open species, in addition to often supporting production of shellfishes, and having shore on western side with fine sand commercial and recreational fisheries good biotic and abiotic environment and on eastern side estuary with less (Stumpf and Haines 1998). India has a with excellent diversity of molluscs and sand and more mud in Bhatye village vast coastline which is an important mangroves (Maske 2007). Bhatye area. On the basis of vegetation and habitat for resident and migratory estuary provides diverse habitat which geographical variability, Bhatye estuary shorebirds. Bird-count exercises is helpful to maintain diverse flora and is divided into five sites in present undertaken in India have mainly fauna. Urban biodiversity has received study (Fig. 1). focussed on endangered birds, wetland very little attention from conservation birds, heronries and birds found in biologists as compared to natural and I) Mouth of the Bhatye estuary and conservational significant terrestrial protected ecosystems (Jules 1997; Bhatye open coast – Mouth of the habitats (Urfi et al. 2005). The rapid Vandermeer 1997). Especially less estuary opens in sea at north side and world-wide loss of wetlands (Mitsch & attention was given to avifauna. continued with bhatye open coast Gosselink 2000) has significantly According to Newton (1995), birds are having black sand. increased the importance of such ideal bio-indicators and useful models habitats. for studying a variety of environmental II) Mangrove Island –Mangrove problem. Island is present close to the mouth of 2 Water birds are an important estuary, having 1 km area. component of wetland ecosystems, as We present the status of avifauna they form vital links in the food webs. along Bhatye estuary and adjacent III) Kerla back water – It is present Many water birds are migratory, area which provides habitat diversity at the East bank of Bhatye estuary undertaking annual movements and focus on habitat dependant bird away from mouth of estuary/ open between their breeding and non- diversity. coast. Kerla back water is marshy area breeding grounds. In the process, they Material and method regularly cross national boundaries. Department of Zoology, Shivaji Therefore, it is the communal duty of In the present study, observations of University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra birds along study area were carried out E-mail: all nations to make efforts for their 1 twice a day (Morning and evening), [email protected], conservation. Baseline information is a [email protected], condition for planning and monitoring throughout the year (December 2009- [email protected], December 2010). Observations were [email protected] ZOO’s PRINT, Volume XXVII, Number 7, July 2012 22 Table 1. Checklist of birds at Bhatye Estuary and adjacent areas near Ratnagiri, Maharashtra Order Families Name of species Common name Status Site I Site Site Site Site II III IV V Anseriformes Anatidae Anas acuta (Linnaeus) Northern Pintail M ü Anas querquedula (Linnaeus) Garganey M ü Anas penelope (Linnaeus) Eurasian Wigeon M ü Charadriiformes Laridae Sterna bergii (Lichtenstein) Greater Crested Tern R ü Larus canus (Linnaeus) Mew Gull M ü Larus brunnicephalus (Jerdon) Brown headed gull M ü Recurvirostridae Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt R ü ü ü (Linnaeus) Charadriidae Charadrius mongolus (Pallas) Lesser Sand Plover M ü ü ü Charadrius dubius (Scopoli) Little ringed plover LM ü ü Charadrius alexandrinus Kentish plover LM ü ü (Linnaeus) Piciformes Picidae Dinopium javanense (Ljungh) Common golden R ü ü backed woodpecker Ramphastidae Megalaima haemacephala Copper smith barbet R ü ü (Muller) Megalaima zeylanica (Gmelin) Brown headed barbet R ü ü Coraciiformes Bucerotidae Ocyceros birostris (Scopoli) Indian grey hornbill R ü ü ü Anthracoceros coronatus Malabar pied hornbill R ü ü ü (Boddaert) Alcedinidae Halcyon smyrnensis (Linnaeus) White-breasted R ü ü ü ü Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis (Linnaeus) Stork billed R ü kingfisher Ceyx erithacus (Linnaeus) Oriental drawf R ü ü ü ü kingfisher Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus) Small blue kingfisher LM ü ü ü Ceryle rudis (Linnaeus) Lesser Pied R ü Kingfisher Alcedo meninting (Horsfield) Blue eared kingfisher R ü ü ü Meropidae Merops orientalis (Latham) Small Green Bee- R ü ü ü eater Merops leschenaulti (Vieillot) Chestnut headed R ü Bee-eater Cuculiformes Cuculidae Phaenicophaeus viridirostris Small Green-billed R ü (Jerdon) Malkoha Phaenicophaeus tristis (Lesson) Large Green-billed R ü Malkoha Eudynamys scolopacea Asian koel R ü ü ü (Linnaeus) Centropus sinensis (Stephens) Greater Coucal R ü ü Centropus bengalensis Lesser Coucal R ü ü (Gmelin) Psittaciformes Psittacidae Psittacula krameri (Scopoli) Rose ringed parakeet R ü ü ü ü Loriculus vernalis (Sparrman) Indian hanging R ü parrot Strigiformes Strigidae Athene brama (Temminck) Spotted owlet LM ü ü Columbiformes Columbidae Columba livia (Gmelin) Blue rock pigeon R ü ü ü Columba elphinstonii (Sykes) Nilgiri wood Pigeon R ü Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove R ü ü ü (Scopoli) Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian collared R ü ü (Frivaldszky) dove Streptopelia senegalensis Little brown dove R ü ü (Linnaeus) Gruiformes Rallidae Amaurornis Phoenicurus White-breasted R ü ü (Pennant) Waterhen Charadriiformes Scolopacidae Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper M ü ü ü (Pontoppidan) Calidris minuta (Leisler) Little stint M ü ü Calidris temminckii (Leisler) Temminck’s stint M ü ü ü Calidris Long-toed Stint M ü ü ü subminuta(Middendorff) Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein) Marsh sandpiper M ü ü ü Tringa glareola (Linnaeus) Wood sandpiper M ü ü Limicola falcinellus Broad-billed M ü ü (Pontoppidan) Sandpiper Tringa erythropus (Pallas) Spotted redshank M ü ü Numenius arquata (Linnaeus) Eurasian Curlew LM ü ü ü Tringa totanus (Linnaeus) Common redshank LM ü ü Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus) Common greenshank M ü ü ZOO’s PRINT, Volume XXVII, Number 7, July 2012 23 Chradriidae Vanellus indicus (Boddaert) Red wattled lapwing R ü ü ü Falconiformes Accipitridae Milvus migrans (Boddaert) Black kite R ü ü ü ü ü Haliastur indus (Boddaert) Brachminy kite R ü ü ü ü ü Haliaeetus leucogaster White bellied sea- R ü ü (Gmelin) eagle Accipiter badius (Gmelin) Shikara R ü ü Pelecaniformes Phalacrocoracidae Phalacrocorax niger (Vieillot) Little cormorant LM ü ü Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Indian cormorant R ü ü (Stephens) Coniiformes Ardeidae Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus) Little Egret R ü ü ü Mesophoyx intermedia Median Egret LM ü ü ü (Wagler) Casmerodius albus (Linnaeus) Great Egret LM ü ü ü Egretta gularis (Bosc) Western Reef Egret LM ü ü Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus) Cattle egret R ü ü Ardeola grayii (Sykes) Indian pond – heron R ü ü Ardeola bacchus (Bonaparte) Chinese Pond–heron LM ü ü Butorides striatus (Linn.) Little heron R ü ü Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus) Little Bittern R ü ü ü Ixobrychus sinensis (Gmelin) Yellow Bittern R ü ü Passeriformes Lanidae Lanius vittatus (Valenciennes) Bay backed shrike R ü ü Lanius schach (Linnaeus) Rufous backed shrike R ü ü Corvidae Corvus splendens (Vieillot) House crow R ü ü ü ü ü Corvus macrorhynchos Jungle crow R ü ü ü ü ü (Wagler) Urocissa flavirostris (Latham) Indian treepie R ü ü Oriolidae Oriolus oriolus (Linnaeus) Euracian golden LM ü ü oriole Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus) Black hooded oriol R ü Campephagidae Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet
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