General Andrew Pickens: Backcountry Warrior
General Andrew Pickens: Backcountry Warrior America’s recent experience of war in Viet Nam, Iraq, and Afghanistan, has renewed public and professional interest in the practice of guerrilla warfare. This type of fighting has an old history although the term “guerrilla” (little war), referring to popular resistance actions, did not appear until Napoleon’s campaigns in the Iberian Peninsula. Throughout most of the 18th century, war was conducted by states with professionally trained armies.1 The American Revolution proved to be a significant exception to that established way of war. Long before such 20th century promoters of partisan war as T. E. Lawrence and Nguyen Giap, Francis Marion, the “Swamp Fox,” Thomas Sumter, the “Gamecock” and Andrew Pickens, the “Fighting Elder,” all of Revolutionary South Carolina, demonstrated the military effectiveness of irregular forces. Of that trio of partisan leaders, Andrew Pickens, called by the Cherokee Skyagunsta, “Wizard Owl”, earned his sobriquets by prudent and tenacious leadership in brutal backcountry conflicts. He had special connections to events in Georgia, during the wars and after, as his military and political skills helped shape a new nation. Early Years Andrew Pickens grew up in the backcountry he later fought in. He was born on 13 September 1739 in Pennsylvania; his family moved down the Great Wagon Road to Augusta County, Virginia. By the time Andrew entered his teens, his family, along with other Scots-Irish, mostly Presbyterian, families, had settled in the Waxhaw area (modern Lancaster County) of South Carolina Named for his father, young Andrew received only limited schooling, a fact he later lamented.
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