812 Ta T Ta 910437, 920026, 920117, 920265, 920291 Guaymas Basin, 650644 basalt Panama, Pacific Ocean, 950217 laumontite, 670551 depletion, 820474 pumice, source, 850821 mineralogy Melanesian Basin, 610705, 610707 Volcanic rocks, petrography, alkalic Mariana Islands, 600458 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820442, 820445, 820446 island, 200691 Mariana Trench, 600458 midocean ridge, 820396, 820417, 820449, Taif, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, geology, 230813 Mariana Trough, 600457 820450 Tairyo Formation, 061289 minerals, chemical composition, 600461 hygromagmaphile element, 820460, 820461, Taito Fracture Zone, 870740 Panama Basin, sediments, 690386, 690392 820462, 820464, 820467, 820468 Nankai Trough, heat flow, 870740 Patton Escarpment, petrography, 630687, fractionation, absence, 820460 Taiwan, 061289, 660661, 780578, 840767 630701 nonfractionating pairs, 820467 basin genesis, 310874 Shatskiy Plateau S, 200683 trace elements, 660732 Ryukyu Islands, 310863 temperature, 670551 Goban Spur, 800944 Philippine Basin, genesis, 310863 X-ray diffraction analysis result, 920492 see also tantalum Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310837 Tallahatta Formation, 950365, 950369, 950370 Ta/Hf ratio Philippines Talme Yafe borehole, Mediterranean Sea E, basalt, 820474, 820475 genesis, 310874 history, 42B1202 hygromagmaphile element, 820464, 820465 plate, 600928 Talparo Formation, 040599 Ta/La ratio planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, Tamabra limestone, talus, 770397, 770404 hygromagmaphile element, 820645 310679 Tamatave, Rio Grande Rise N, regional trace elements, 660732 sand, Luzon, 310508 setting, 250694 Ta/Nb anomaly, 820470 wedge, 780569 Tamaulipas, 790653 Ta/Tb ratio see also Philippine Sea Tamayo Fracture Zone, 630377, 630919, 640035, Atlantic Ocean N, mantle, 490847 Taizz, Yemen, Red Sea, geology, 230813 640512, 641109, 641283, 641286, 641289, basalt, geochemistry, 490629 Takanosu, Tohoku Arc, geology, 870716 650005, 650006, 650056, 650140, 650231, basement, chemistry, 600622 Takuyo-daiichi Seamount, 560558 650314, 650315, 650316, 650319, 650355, Ta/Th ratio Takuyo-daini Seamount, 200656, 200693 650357, 650367, 650391, 650464, 650471, Atlantic Ocean N, basalt, 511092 Emperor Seamounts, petrology, 550577, 650594, 650623, 650739, 650742, 650750, basalt, Cretaceous, 511092 550578, 550579, 550580, 550581 880147, 920191 Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550586 Pacific Ocean W, guyot, 200657 basalt, 630479, 650527, 650559, 650664, trace elements, Cretaceous, 511092 volcanic rocks, petrography, Geisha Guyots, 650667 Tabasco 200682, 200683, 200684 California, Gulf of, 650580, 650591 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010625 Talaud Ridge geochemistry, 650559 Veracruz, diapir, salt, 010108, 010625 basin genesis, 310868 magma, 650549 Tabasco-Campeche Salt Dome fields, 010006, Philippines, genesis, 310874 physical properties, 650693 010084, 100055, 100071 talc, 340409 clay mineralogy, Tabera Formation, 110545 alteration, low-temperature, 340409 montmorillonite-illite-chlorite Table Mountain Series, 401029 alteration minerals, trace elements, 920496 assemblage, 650368 Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea, geology, 230816 alteration, nonoxidative, 340409 crust, oceanic, hygromagmatophile (HYG) tachybasalt, Red Sea, geology, 230816 authigenic minerals, 600462 elements, 650623, 650624 tachyhydrite alteration, 600463 differential movement, 650474 Red Sea diagenesis, 600463 faulting, 650476 geochemistry, 230984 B, trace elements, 920491 glass, basalt, 650479 interstitial water, 230957 basalt, 830335 gulf mouth, 650365, 650399, 650401, 650404, tachylite, 180935, 180940, 180941, 180942, alteration, 920512 650406 180943 chemistry, 920472 hyaloclastite, basalt, 650479 ash, glass, 38SO1O1, 38SO1O2, 38SO1O3 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830145, 830147, intersection, 650453 Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, 740767, 830151, 830165 magnetic anomaly, 650309 740773, 740774, 740779 geochemistry, 920450 mineral, secondary, 650648 basalt, glass, 38S0101, 38S0102, 38SO1O3 mineral, secondary, 340398, 340406, 340409 basalt, 650646, 650647 basalt, alkali andesine, mineral petrology, 580848 mineralogy, 650391 composition, 180943 basalt, altered minor element, basalt, 650596, 650597, breccia, volcanic, Neogene, 630643 geochemistry, 580792 650598, 650601, 650602, 650603 East Mariana Basin, sedimentary history, petrochemistry, 580792 mud, siliceous, 650464 890667, 890669 basalt, oceanic, Melanesian Basin, 610647, Paleomagnetism, 650705 glass, 180941 610648, 610654, 610657, 610658, 610659 Rivera Fracture Zone, 630920 basalt, 38SO1O1, 38S0102, 38SO1O3 Costa Rica Rift, basalt, 690517 sand, 650464 hyaloclastite, 460342 Costa Rica Rift Zone, basalt, 830228, sediment ponding, 650464 lithology, sandstone, volcanic, 120366 830230, 830232, 830233, 830237, 830238, sedimentation rate, 630474, 650474 mineral composition, 180937 830254, 830257 silt, 650464 basalt, alkali andesine, 180943 experimental production, 830236 sinistral displacement, 650474, 650476 petrology geochemistry, Guaymas Basin, 640711, 640712 skewness, 650464 glass, 38S0101, 38SO1O2, 38SO1O3 Guatemala, slope sediment, 840931 sorting, 650464 igneous rocks, 38S0101, 38SO1O2, 38SO1O3 Horizon Tablemount, 200668 topographic effects, 650355 sandstone, 320541 Indian Ocean W, mineralogy, 160529 trace elements, basalt, 650594, 650596, tuff, Neogene, 630643 Li, trace elements, 920491 650597, 650598, 650601, 650602, 650603 volcanics, mineral composition, 180943 major element, 650560 turbidites, 650464 volcanism, Neogene, 47A0703, 47A0710 Mariana Trough, basalt, 600650 Tamayo Fracture Zone S, 641284, 650309, Tadjoura Trough, Indian Ocean, geophysical Melanesian Basin, ash, 610635, 610637 650357, 650399, 650705 measurements, 240591 Mendoza Rise Tamayo Transform Fault, 641112, 650375, Tafelney Plateau, 790179, 790858, 790894 lithology, 920436 670747, 670749, 670750, 670754, 670775 Tagus Basin, 130033, 47B0028 petrology, 920613 California, Gulf of, gulf mouth, 650409 Tagus Plain, 130019, 130033, 131012, 47B0658, Mid-Pacific Mountains, 200669 East Pacific Rise, sediments, 650375 47B0659 mineral, secondary, 920507, 920508 Tampico Mediterranean Sea, extension, 131012 abundance, 920509 Bahama Islands, geology, 110893 Tahiti, 200682, 200687, 200691, 330383, diagenesis, nonoxidative, 340409 Mexico, volcano, 110893 340163, 340168, 850821, 850822, 910385, elemental composition, 920511 Tampico Embayment, 720757 Tasman Sea 813

Tan-Tan delta Shikoku Basin Tasman Plateau, 290237, 291143 Cape Bojador, seismic interpretation, minor element, 870645 Tasman Sea, 291124, 291173, 480611, 540819, 47A0497 trace elements, 870645 620362, 900400, 900763, 900795, 900800, slope, Wealden facies, 47A0497 Suiko Seamount, trace elements, 550561, 900961, 900965, 900969, 900973, 900981, Tan-Tan Formation, 930915 550564 900982, 900983, 900986, 900987, 901037, Moroccan Basin, margin, 500815 trace elements, 370581, 650594, 810788 901082, 901154, 901156, 901157, 901161, Tanabe, physiography, Kumano, 870613 anomaly, 810790 901169, 901170, 901175, 901183, 901184, Tang-Ku-la Range, Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, basalt, 810790 901185, 901189, 901235, 901265, 901327, 42A0944 Cretaceous, 511087, 511091, 511092 901347, 901353, 901357, 901445, 901472, Tanner Bank, 630914 East Pacific Rise, 650594, 650613 901480, 901484, 901495 Tanner Basin. See Venezuela Basin magnetite, 450549 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 361009 tannin, organic matter richness, 801001 Tamayo Fracture Zone, 650594 burrow mottling, silt, 291049 tantalum, 540727 see also Ta Cenozoic paleoceanography, stratigraphic alteration, products, 810736 Tanzania, 250437, 250693, 250737, 260949, continuity, 901495 analyses, 920433 360999 Chatham Rise, seismic stratigraphy, 901327 ash, 870684 Africa E, coast, 250680, 250682, 250683 clay minerals, Tertiary, 291082 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 870684 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 360999 clay, terrigenous Atlantic Ocean N, mantle, 490844 coast, 250141, 250179, 250460 siliceous biogenic sedimentation, 291062 Atlantic Ocean S, history, 740715, 740718, coastline, 250694 terrigenous sedimentation, 291062 740723, 740726, 740727 Gondwana, dispersal, 260949 Coral Sea E, geology, 300660, 300661 basalt Indian Ocean W, regional aspects, 250752 currents Barbados Ridge, 780404 Lindi, 250679, 250695 Miocene, 901234 Cretaceous, 511087, 511091, 511092 Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, transition currents, 901235 geochemistry, 260567, 260570, 590776 250693, 250694, 250695, 250698 diagenesis, organic matter, 901265 rare earth, 370581 Tanzania S Eocene/Oligocene boundary, volcanic basalt, altered Africa E, coast, 250679, 250681 sediments, 901175 geochemistry, 580811 Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, general synthesis major element, 580875, 580888, 580889, 250689, 250693, 250695, 250698 oceanography, 280937 580892 Tanzawa region, 870046 unconformity, 280931 trace elements, 580875, 580888, 580889, Tarfaya, 790894 isotopes, similarity, 901353 580892 coast, Miocene, 790114 lithologies, minor basement diapir, 790179 chalk, siliceous, 901482 chemistry, 600623 Morocco, 150505 tephra, vitric, 901483 geochemistry, 590743, 590745, 590746, Tarfaya Basin, 140871, 411133, 790510, 930915 turbidite, volcanic, 901483 590747, 590748, 590750, 590751 Atlantic Ocean E, 640809 lithology, 290276, 290369, 290377 Bauer Basin, basalt, 340239 flysch, source area, 500753 lithostratigraphy, unconformity, 901473 bulk-rock compositions, minor element, Rif, 931139 Lord Howe Rise, 720762 540639 tetrapyrrole, geochemistry, 630810, 640809 isotope stratigraphy, 901385 California, Gulf of, Guaymas Basin, 650614 Tarfaya, Gulf of, 411091 pale green laminae, 901154, 901157 Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, 860537 Tarim Basin, 131228, 131258 Lord Howe Rise C, Neogene evolution, crust, oceanic, hygromagmatophile (HYG) Tarpo Graben Formation, 901452 901448, 901449 elements, 650623 Tarr Bank, 180592 mineralogy, 210701, 210723 Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550585, Tasman Basin, 210197, 210641, 210703, 210716, amphiboles, 300605 550586 291160, 300003, 300005, 360589, 900005 apatite, 300606 Galapagos Spreading Center, basalt, 540756 Pacific Ocean SW, 210897 aragonite, 300605 geochemistry, 600624 Cenozoic, 300667, 300679, 300680 augite, 300603, 300604, 300605 Cenozoic sediments, 42B0543, 42B0544, island arcs, 300691, 300696 barite, 300606 42B0597, 42B0599 regional evolution, 210900 calcite, 300603, 300604, 300605, 300606 fusion, partial, 540645 Western Marginal Basin Province, 210898, chlorite, 300604 magma, 540642, 870699 210903 clinoptilolite, 300604, 300605, 300606 negative anomaly, 600624, 600629 Paleocene-Eocene unconformity, 300664 cristobalite, 300605, 300606 Rockall Plateau, 810736 southwest regional unconformities dolomite, 300604, 300605 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements completion, 210903 hematite, 300604 contamination, 540732 sea floor spreading, 210716 kaolinite, 300605 geochemistry, 650631 Tasman Basin S, 290833, 291156 mica, 300603, 300604, 300605, 300606 Japan Trench borderland, 291135, 291136, 291138 montmorillonite, 300603, 300604, 300605, minor element, 870649 bottom current, 291138, 291139 300606 trace elements, 870649 Campbell Plateau, 291136, 291138, 291139, palygorskite, 300606 low partition coefficient elements, 291140, 291142 phillipsite, 300603, 300604, 300605 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, crust, 291144 plagioclase, 300603, 300604, 300605, 600661, 600662 Emerald Basin, 291136, 291142, 291143 300606 mantle, upper, trace elements, 460247 geophysical results, 291135 quartz, 300603, 300604, 300605, 300606 Mariana Islands plate movement, 291135 tridymite, 300606 basement, 600617 sediment distribution, 291135 New Zealand, tectonics, 901234, 901235 fore arc, 600621 Solander Trough, 291142, 291143 ocean basin, evolution, 291049, 291147 Mariana Trench, 600621 Tasmania, 291142, 291143, 291144 ooze, siliceous, Eocene and Oligocene, Mariana Trough, 600614 geophysical summary, 291135 291149 melting, partial, 460247 Tasman Current Pacific Ocean SW, 210897 Mid-Atlantic Ridge Cenozoic paleoceanography, oceanographic Cenozoic, 300680 basalt, 450494, 450496 setting, 901495 island arcs, 300696, 300698, 300700, isotopes, 450549 Challenger Plateau, Quaternary, 901414 300704 minor element, East Pacific Rise, 650613 Tasman Fracture Zone, 220119 Mesozoic regional evolution, 210902 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 Tasman Front, 900985, 900986 paleoceanography, 901495, 901502 Philippine Sea Tasman Peninsula, Black Sea, evolution, regional evolution, 210900 minor element, 870645 42B1145, 42B1147 tephra, vitric, 901161 trace elements, 870645 Tasman Plain, 210005, 901439 Paleocene-Eocene unconformity, 210708 814 Tasman Sea S

plate, 210723, 210724 North Island, 210110 organic matter, petrology, 40S0663 regional unconformities, 210701 South Fiji Basin, history, 300630 sapropel, Cretaceous, 620891 seismic stratigraphy, rise crest seismic volcanic zone, 361000 Tell Atlas, 130043, 130403 stratigraphy, 901332 Taupo Graben, Lord Howe Rise C, Neogene geosyncline, 410439 seismic studies, 291124 evolution, 901452 Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0948 silt, terrigenous Taurian Formation, 42B0475 Temblor Horizon, California, 180700 siliceous biogenic sedimentation, 291062 formations, 42B1186 Tenji Seamount, 550801 terrigenous sedimentation, 291062 Tauride Mountains, 130742 Emperor Seamounts, bathymetry, 550848 South Fiji Basin, history, 300631 Neogene formations, paleogeography, 42A0911 Tenryu Canyon, 870046, 870054, 870612 southwest regional unconformities, 210897 ophiolite, 42A0946 Tenryu River, 870046 temperature gradient, deposition, 901357 Paratethys, paleogeography, 42A0987 sedimentary facies, sedimentation model, tephra Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0946 870624 Cenozoic, 901170 Taurus Mountains, 230497, 42A0219, 42A0220, tephra, 580617, 580992, 650477, 660687, 660693 source, 901153, 901169 42A0953 air-fall, 901162 unconformities, regional, 210701 Neogene formations, paleogeography, alkalies, 901164 volcanic deposit, 901185 42A0906, 42A0921 ash, 660692, 901162, 901170 volcanism, submarine, Eocene-Oligocene, Taxaquara fault, Santos Plateau, origin, dispersion, 870709 901182, 901183 390931 geochemistry, 870700 X-ray mineralogy, 300603 Taylor Valley, 280227 Japan, 870707 Tasman Sea S, 070338, 280931, 280937, 291147, marl, 100391 Japan Trench, 870684 300005, 300153, 300439, 300603, 300631, Tb, 820041, 820484 Middle America Trench, 670494 300660, 300661, 300693, 300696, 300700, basalt Towada, 870707 300702, 300704, 350273, 350486, 350560, Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830201, 830207 transport, 870707 350817, 360746, 361009, 38S0689, 390531, Melanesian Basin, 610705, 610706 volcanism, explosive, 870709 47B0031, 901225, 901234, 901413, 901422, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820445 bentonite, 901170 901483 midocean ridge, 820396, 820449 laminated, 901162 central, 290365 trace elements, incompatible, 820487 biosiliceous material, 901162 Challenger Plateau, Quaternary, 901414, see also terbium biotite, 901164 901422 Tb/Ta ratio, Emperor Seamounts, trace calcareous facies, 291151 manganese, 291084 elements, 550586 calcium, 901164 oceanography, Cenozoic, 291155 Tb/Th ratio, geochemistry, fusion, partial, Central America, volcanism, 660692 particle, origin, 901227 540642 chemistry, 901161 Quaternary, isotope stratigraphy, 901413, Tbilisi, Rabat, granite, 790547 Cocos Plate, spreading rate, 660693 901414 Tchauchab Valley, 750766 Daito Ridge, 580618 X-ray mineralogy, 291173 tectonite, 820526, 820527 devitrification, 901170 Tasmania, 151000, 280931, 290682, 290809, tectonite, ultramafic, 450587, 450591, diagenetic bioturbation structures, 901162 291049, 291077, 291119, 291143, 291160, 450592, 450595, 450603 distribution 291165, 350817, 38S0688, 710417, 901347, mineral chemistry, 450588 ash, 901163 950400 peridotite, 450603 biogenic reworking, 901163 Antarctica, 730784 peridotite, alpine-type, 450595 bioturbate structure, 901163 glaciation, 291042 geothermometry, 450598 sedimentation rate, 901163 carbon, 310633 mineral chemistry, 450598, 450600 Eocene to Miocene, 580618 clay minerals, Tertiary, 291077, 291081 petrography, 450595, 450600 feldspar, 901164 clay, terrigenous petrology, 450587 geochemistry, 580617 nannoplankton, 291148 Tehuantepec, 790523 Philippine Sea, 580617 shallow-water fossils, 291148 salt, Jurassic, 790524 volcanism, 840617, 870700 sponge spicules, 291148 Tehuantepec, Gulf of, 660727, 660728, 660775, glass, 580617, 901162, 901164 continental shelf, 291117 670675, 670676, 840879, 840947 SiO2, 580992 continental slope, 291042, 291149 Mexico, magmatic episodes, 660727 glass, volcanic, chemical composition, cooling, passage, 710417 Tehuantepec, Isthmus of, 010108, 010625, 870711, 870713 fracture zones, 220119 670676 glauconite, 901162 Great Lake, 151000 Tehuantepec Ridge, 660522, 670733, 670747, Hess Rise N, post-Jurassic, 620806 hydrocarbon, 310901 670748, 670754, 670762, 670775, 670776, hornblende, green, 901164 hydrocarbon, C,-C8, Baja California, 630781 840339, 840831 hypersthene, 901164 Magnetic Quiet Zone, 290317 Central America, 670475 Indian Ocean, 580617 ocean basin, evolution, 291152 Tejon Formation, 950365 iron, 580622, 901164 plateaus, 290237, 291143 Tekirova, Turkey, 760876 Izu, Iwo Jima, 580625, 580992 ridges, 290555 tektite Japan Trench, 870703 sand, glauconitic, bottom current, 291152 bediasite, 950570, 950571 geochemistry, 561058 shelf, 290477 clinopyroxene, 950565 glass, volcanic, 561058 silt, terrigenous crater, impact-generating, 950571 petrography, 561043 nannoplankton, 291148 Eocene sediments, 950565 volcanism, 870703 shallow-water fossils, 291148 Georgia, 950570, 950571 Kapingamarangi Rise, 901170 sponge spicules, 291148 glass, 950565 Kinan Seamounts, source, 580617, 580992 sulfur, geochemistry, 310633 microtektite, 950565, 950570 labradorite, 901164, 901170 unconformity, 280931 Eocene, 151031 less active episode, 660693 Tasmanian Seaway New Jersey, continental slope, 950565 lithologies, major, 901480 Pacific Ocean SW, paleoceanography, 901500, North America, 730633 lithologies, minor, tephra, vitric, 901483 901502 stratigraphy, 950565 lithology, 130124, 310280, 42A0328 temperature gradient, opening, 901357 Tel Aviv ash, 130195 Tateyama Bay, 870605, 870606 fault, transverse, 42B1204 basalt, 140140 Tatra Mountains, 620782, 760871 Mediterranean Sea E, history, 42B1204, clay, zeolitic, 140221 Tauern, 42A0945 42B1216 ooze, foraminiferal, 130369 Taupo Telegrafo Section, 100649 sapropel, 130195 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 361000 telinite silt, dolomitic, 140140 New Zealand W, 210490 coal, petrology, 220485 Lord Howe Rise Terbium 815

Lord Howe Rise (Cont.) silicic volcanic source, 901164 tephra, altered pale green laminae, 901154, 901155, 901156 silt, continental margin, 660692 lithostratigraphy, abundance, 901473 stratigraphy, 901145 slope/oceanic correlation, 660692 tephrostratigraphy, 901145 magma, 901166 source, 580992, 901148, 901166 volcanic sediment, lithostratigraphy, 901176 Mediterranean Sea, lithostratigraphy, 131034 andesite, 901153 tephra, basalt, 901166 melting zone, water supply increase, 660693 ash, 901148, 901149, 901169 mineralogy, 38S0114 Mexico S, 660687 ash, argillized, 901153 sediment Middle America Trench, 660687 ash, siliceous, 901166 lithology, 38S0114 andesite, 660687 bentonite, 901149 Miocene, 580617 Baja California E, 660687 Bering Sea, 901152 Shikoku Basin, 580618 ignimbrite, 660687 biotite, 901167 tephra, silicic, 901166 Mexico, 660687 Central Volcanic Region, 901166 Cenozoic, 901170 volcanic source proximity, 660687 chemical similarities, 901169 chemistry, 901166 mineralogy, 38S0114, 38S0116 clay minerals, 901151 lithologies, minor, tephra, vitric, 901483 Miocene diagenesis, 901148 magma, 901166 basalt, 580618 distal air-fall correlatives, 901167 source, 901166, 901169 ejecta origin, 580625 eruption, 901166 tephra, vitric iron, 580618 glass, 901166 ash, 901483 tholeiite, nonalkali, 580623 glass, volcanic, 901149, 901151 biotite, 901483 Miocene-Pliocene pulses, 660692 ignimbrite, 901167 ferromagnesian, 901483 Mt. Curl tephra, 901170 illite, 901153 glass, 901483 Nankai Trough, stratigraphy, 870912 iron sulfide, 901153 hypersthene, 901483 Japan Trench, sediments, 271219 Nazca Plate, spreading rate, 660693 K2O, 901167 New Zealand, 901170 kaolinite, 901153 labradorite, 901483 origin, 901161 Kapingamarangi Rise, 901169 Lord Howe Rise N, 901483 Pacific Ocean, volcanic activity, 660693 Lord Howe Rise, 901149 Mt. Curl tephra, 901483 Pacific Ocean SW, 901161 Mt. Curl tephra, 901167 North Island, 901483 Peter I Island, geology, 350343 New Britain, 901153 Pacific Ocean SW, 901161 petrography, 561043, 580617, 580618 New Hebrides, 901153 Antarctic Intermediate Water, 901161 alteration, 901163 New Zealand, 901153 ash, 901161, 901162 ash, 901163 North Island, 901166, 901169 glass, 901161, 901162 biotite, 901163 Pacific Ocean SW, 901148 Kapingamarangi Rise, 901161 correlation, 561045 palagonite, 901151 Lord Howe Rise, 901161 feldspar, 901163 pale green laminae, 901148, 901149 magma, 901162 glass, 901163, 901164 palygorskite, 901151 smectite, 901161 glass, volcanic, 561043 reworking effects, 901148 South Island, New Zealand, 901161 hornblende, green, 901163 sedimentation rate, 901149 stratigraphic markers, 901161 hypersthene, 901163 silica, biogenic, 901149, 901151 Tasman Sea, 901161 Japan Trench, 561043 slumping, 901148 sediment geochemistry, ooze, siliceous Philippine Sea, 580617 smectite, 901151, 901152 calcareous, 550457 plagioclase, 901163 South Fiji Basin, 901170 South Island, New Zealand, 901483 pyrite, diagenetic, 901163 sulfate, 901153 Southeast Trade Winds, 901483 sand, 901163 Tasman Sea, 901169 Tasman Sea, 901483 smectite, 901163 Tonga, 901153 Vanuatu, 901483 vesicularity, 901164 transport, 901153, 901169 volcanism, explosive, 901483 Philippine Sea Vanuatu, 901170 tephrochronology geochemistry, 580617 volcanism, 901148 biostratigraphy, 960657 petrology, 580617 volcanism, silicic, 901166 chronostratigraphy, 960589, 960592 Pigmy Basin, tephrochronology, 960685 Whakamaru, 901167 paleoenvironmental interpretation, 960673 plagioclase, 901164 zeolite, 901151 intraslope basin, 960621 Pleistocene and Pliocene spreading rate, 660693 Pigmy Basin, 960591 ejecta origin, 540624 stratigraphy, Neogene and Quaternary, 901145 Mississippi Fan, 960591 nonalkali rhyolitic, 580623 subduction rate, increase, 660693 Pigmy Basin Pleistocene tephrochronology Tasman Sea, 901170 ash, 960685 horizons, 960685, 960686 tephrochronology, abundance, 680403 Atitlan Lake, 960685 Pigmy Basin, 960685 tholeiite, quartz, 901164 carbonate, 960671 pyrite, 901162 Tohoku Arc, volcanism, 870703 Los Chocoyos, 960685 recovery, variability, 660692 Vanuatu, 901170 Mexico, Gulf of, 960685 refractive index, 580622 volcanic activity, 660693 oxygen isotope, 960685 sediment volcanic origins, 540624, 580623 Pacific Ocean E, 960685 lithology, 38S0114, 38SO116 volcaniclastics, 550504 Pleistocene tephrochronology Miocene, 580617 volcanism ash, 960686 sediment geochemistry, ooze, siliceous Central America, 660692, 660693 Mexico, Gulf of, 960685 calcareous, 550458 global control, 660693 terbium, 670570 shear heating increase, 660693 intense episodes, 660693 analyses, 920433 Shichito, Iwo Jima, 580617 major pulses, 660693 ash, 870684 Shikoku Basin Neogene, 870703 Atlantic Ocean S, history, 740715, 740721 geochemistry, 580617 volcanism, circum-Pacific, 660693 basalt glass, 580992 volcanism, explosive, 901170 chemistry, 450447 iron, 580622 Neogene, 870703, 870716, 870718 Cretaceous, 511087, 511092 Miocene, 580618, 580623 Quaternary increase, 660692 geochemistry, 490609 petrography, 580617, 580618 volcanism, midplate, 660693 basalt, altered Pleistocene and Pliocene, 580623 Whakamaru, 901170 major element, 580875, 580881, 580882 refractive index, 580622 tephra, air-fall trace elements, 580875, 580881, 580882 sources, 580992 geochemistry, volcanism, 870699 basement volcanic origins, 580623, 580624 glass, volcanic, petrology, 870711 chemistry, 600622 816 Terinake

basement (Cont.) carbonate, 801055 heat flow, 42A1140 geochemistry, 590743, 590747, 590751 evolution, 411240 Mediterranean Sea, 42A1139 Bauer Basin, basalt, 340239 stable isotope, 480477, 480483, 480486 Messinian salinity crisis, 42A1139, bulk-rock compositions, minor element, Atlantic Ocean NW 42A1140 540639 comparison, 440957 margin crust, oceanic, hygromagmatophile (HYG) regional aspects, 110971 Atlantic Ocean NW, 440949 elements, 650623 sedimentary evolution, 430801 Jurassic, 790446 Galapagos Spreading center, basalt, 540756 Atlantic Ocean S, Paleogene, 720983 Mediterranean Sea, 410984, 760569, 790890 geochemistry, magma, 540641 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 360999 genesis, 42A0943, 42A0944, 42A0945, hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 540727 Atlantic Ocean W, 760879 42A0946, 42A0947, 42A0948 geochemistry, 650631 biostratigraphy mountain belts, 790412 Indian Ocean SE, sediments, 260548 heat flow, 42A1140 Paratethys, 42A0985 low partition coefficient elements, Mediterranean Sea, 42A1139 similarities, 790411 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 600664 Messinian salinity crisis, 42A1139, Mediterranean Sea E, history, 42B1199, mantle, upper, trace elements, 460247 42A1140 42B1214, 42B1218, 42B1219, 42B1220 melting, partial, 460247 Black Sea Mesozoic evolution, 440958 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, basalt, 450496 evolution, 42B1147 margin, 440949, 440960 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 geophysical framework, 42B1079 Messinian environments petrology, 540747 sediment, 42B0493 climatic conditions, 42A1031 rare earth elements, distribution, 590653 calcareous nannoplankton, 440743 Lago Mare, 42A1021, 42A1031 Suiko Seamount, trace elements, 550561, Canary Islands, 42A0945 Miocene salinity crisis, Paratethys, 42A0985 550568 carbon isotope Moroccan Basin, margin, 500807, 500808, trace elements 13C, 720415 500809, 500810, 500811, 500815, 500819 Cretaceous, 511087, 511092 18O, 720412, 720413 Neogene formations, paleogeography, geochemistry, 370573 carbonate 42A0906, 42A0914 see also Tb Atlantic Ocean NE, 801055 oxygen isotope Terinake, Ross Sea, continental shelf, 280940 comparison, 720399 13C, 720415 Terminal Island, California, 550008, 630027 diagenesis, 801055 18O, 720412, 720413 terpane Fe, 801055 Pacific Ocean, 42A0952 carbon, geochemistry, 571322 Goban Spur, 801055 Pacific Ocean EC, geologic history, 090924 organic geochemistry, 590648 Gubbio, 801055 paleoceanography, 950511 terpane, tricyclic hydrothermal activity, 801055 Reflector Lavender, 850962 lipid, molecular markers, 860672 Jurassic, 790417, 790421 Paleogene-Neogene, 310852 Pacific Ocean NW, lipid, 860672 manganese, 801055 Paleotethys, 42A0944 terpene Schizosphaerella, 790411 Paratethys, 131224, 42A0338, 42A0985, 480613 Black Sea, sediments, 42B0661 Sr, 720404, 801055 basins, 42B0515, 42B0516 hydrocarbon, C,-C5, 571345 circulation, water mass, 760931 geography, 42A0985 organic matter, 571345 continental margin, 110805 lakes, 42A1031, 42B1195, 42B1214 hydrocarbon, Cj-C7, volatile organic current flow, 760903 paleogeography, 42A0985, 42A0987, 42A0989 compounds, 571351, 571354 drifting, 760885 Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310852 hydrocarbon, light, 410859 Ligurian Sea, 760885 plate, 260947 terpenoid Europe, 720807 Red Sea hydrocarbon, nonaromatic, composition, margin, 760892 geology, 230814 950655 Europe W, 270984, 330375, 360294 temperature, 42B1085 Walvis Ridge, sediments, 751055, 751080 Paratethys, 42B0518 rifting, 760885, 760891, 760892, 760894 Terra limestones, 42B1186 facies province, 430592 Atlantic Ocean C, 760885, 760886, 760887, Terres Noires Formation, Lake Bolsena, 760877 genesis, 42A0943 760888, 760889, 760890, 760891 teschenite geochemistry comparison continental margin collapse, 760892 basalt, petrology, 580856, 580861 Atlantic Ocean N, 720399 drifting, 760892 Shikoku Basin, basalt, 580895 Atlantic Ocean S, 720399 evolution, 760887, 760888, 760889 Tethys, 110801, 110802, 130231,220406, carbonate, 720399 Ligurian Sea, 760885 230814, 270129, 271050, 42B0003, diagenetic phenomena, 720399 ophiolite, 760892 42B0121, 42B0518, 42B1043, 42B1079, Rio Grande Rise, 720399 Pangea, 760886 42B1199, 440768, 47B0031, 47B0049, stratigraphic indicators, 720399 Tethys Seaway, 760886 47B0079, 47B0094, 47B0699, 47B0719, Goban Spur, trace elements, 801055 Triassic-Liassic, 760892 47B0766, 480080, 670792, 720929, Gondwana, dispersal, 260947 Rio Grande Rise, carbonate, 720399 760571, 760691, 770043, 790524, 800824, Iberian margin W, evolution, 47B0766 Schizosphaerella, 790411 801005, 890159 Indian Ocean S, geologic history, 260938, seaways, 750518, 760875 Aegean Basin, 42A0947 260940 sedimentary history, Atlantic Ocean, 760829 Africa, 720981 Ionian Basin, 42A0945 sequences, Jurassic sediments compared, Africa E, coast, 250683 Jurassic sedimentation, 760870, 760875, 790437 Africa NW, continental margin, 790437 760876, 790439, 790440, 790443 Sicily, 42A0945 Algerian Basin, 42A0947 Africa NW, 790437 Sr, paleoceanographic reconstitution, Alps, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0954 basin influences, 760878, 760879 720405, 720408 anoxia, organic richness, 801011 facies evolution, 790445 tectonic history, depositional environment, anoxia, global, evidence against, 801002 global influences, 760876, 760878 430801 Atlantic continental margin NW, evolution, Iberian Peninsula, 760870, 760871 tectonics, geological and geophysical data, 440957, 440958 Tethys W, 760871, 760873, 760874 271050 Atlantic Ocean, 760538, 760874, 760876, Jurassic stratigraphy, 760931 temperature, 42B1085 760877 Levantine Basin, 42A0945 trace elements, isotope geochemistry, 720415 margin, 481102 Ligurian Sea, 760890, 760893, 760894 Tyrrhenian Basin, 42A0947 Atlantic Ocean C, basin, 511505 drifting, 760885 see also Indian Ocean E Atlantic Ocean N, Mediterranean Sea, rifting, 760885 Tethys N, 110645, 110660, 110801, 230005, 110801, 110802, 110805, 110806, 110812, limestone, Mediterranean Sea, 790412 250683, 260940, 350560, 38SO818, 390629, 110819, 110820 lithology, 410174 391057, 391070, 410164, 410186, 410424, Atlantic Ocean NE lithostratigraphy 410499, 410991, 411121, 411240, 42A0906, Tetrapyrrole 817

42A0952, 42B1079, 42A0222, 42A0829, bacteriochlorophyll, 630809 630809 430011, 430577, 430697, 430712, 430795, Baja California, 630785, 630802, 630804 humic acid, 640795 430802, 430817, 440413, 440742 Baja California Borderland, 630785, hydrocarbon, 630786, 630814 Atlantic continental margin NW 630808, 630811, 630815, 640798 hydrocarbon, polyaromatic, 630785, evolution, 440953, 440954, 440955, benzene, 630787 630787, 630806, 630807, 630808, 630814 440956, 440957 benzothiophene, 630813 hydroxyl groups, 630786 margin, 440949 bitumen, 640790 in situ sediment temperature, 630785 Atlantic Ocean, current system, 430715 burial depth, 630785 isocyclic ring, oxidative cleavage, Atlantic Ocean NW, comparison, 440957 California, 630813 630809, 640795 continental margin, 110805, 110819 California Borderland, 640796 isotopic contributions, 630787 Cretaceous-Eocene, 480081 California, Gulf of, 640790, 640797 Japan Trench, 630810, 640789, 640796 evolution, Mesozoic, margin, 440949 Cape Basin, 630812, 630813 kerogen, 630808 genesis, 42A0943 Cape Verde Terrace, 630813 Knipovich Ridge, 630813 margin, 440949, 440953 carbon number, 630785 Los Angeles Basin, 630814 Atlantic Ocean N, 440949 carbon, organic, 630785 low-temperature processes, 640798 Mesozoic evolution, margin, 440953, 440960 carboxylic acid, 630785, 630786 macromolecular complex, 640795 Tethys Seaway, 270290 Cariaco Trench, 630814 metabolism, 640789 Atlantic Ocean, Jurassic sediment, 760829 carotene, 630814 metallochlorin, 640790 Central America, 850962 carotene, beta, 630785, 630814 metalloporphyrin, 630785, 630786, 630787, Jurassic sedimentation, Tethys, 760878 carotenoid, 630785, 630804, 630805, 630793, 630810, 630811, 630812, 640789, rifting 630806, 630808, 630813, 630814, 630815, 640790, 640798 Atlantic Ocean, 760886 630816, 640789, 640790 methyl ester, 640795 Tethys, 760886 catagenesis, 630811 methyl esterification, 630787 Tethys W, 801002 Challenger Knoll, 630813 microbial activity, 630811, 640798 calcareous nannoplankton, 440742 Channel Islands, 630813 migration, 630786 Italy, Austria, 760875 chelate, homological distribution, 630809 Miocene temperatures, 630813 Jurassic sedimentation, Tethys, 760871, chelation, 640798 Miocene-Pliocene sea retreat, 630815 760873, 760874 chelation reaction, 630785, 630810 monocarboxylic acid fraction, 640795 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500809 chelation reactions, 640796 nickel, 630785, 630787, 630808, 630809, tetracosane chlorine, 630786, 630788, 630789, 630790, 630813, 630814, 640798 preliminary organic analyses, 111018 630791, 630792, 630809, 630810, 640790, organic matter, source, 630815 Sigsbee Basin, organic analyses, 100625 640794, 640795, 640796 organic reactions, time-temperature tetrapyrrole chlorine, secondary, 630811 interdependence, 640797 Angola Basin, Cretaceous sediments, 751053 chlorine-free acids, 640794 oxidative destruction, 640789 Atlantic Ocean, 040431 chlorophyll, 630785, 630808, 630809, oxygen minimum zone, 640794 Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 500659 640789, 640790, 640795, 640797 paleodepositional conditions, assessment, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430651 chlorophyll, autochthonous, 630808, 630808 Baja California, geochemistry, 630785 630810, 640798 paleoenvironment, 630815 Bermuda Rise, 430651 chlorophyll derivatives, 640789, 640790, paleoenvironment markers, 640794 Biscay, Bay of, 480931 640794 Pb, 630813 continental margin, 480931, 480933 clay, 630785 peat, 630809 pigment, 480931 clay, diatom, 630813 perylene, 630785, 630787, 630808, 630814, Blake Basin, 440639 claystone, 630809 630815, 630816, 640790, 640804, 640805, pigment, 440639 coal, 630809 640806, 640810 California, Gulf of, pigment, 640789 coal, humic, 630809, 630815 petroleum, 630809 California S, geochemistry, 630785 conjugated carbonyl groups, 630787 pheophorbide-a, 640790 Cape Verde Basin, 410825 copper, 630787, 630809, 630813, 640790, pheophytin, 630808, 640790 Cape Verde Terrace, 410825 640798 pheophytin-a, 630808, 640794 Caribbean Sea, 040431 crudes, 630813 Philippine Sea, 580737 chlorophyll, diagenesis, 42B0708, 42B0713, deposition, 630815, 640789 phorbide, 630787, 630788, 630789, 630790, 47A0547, 571391, 571392, 571395, 571396, deposition, anoxic, 630785 630791, 630792, 630808, 630809, 630810, 571397, 571398, 571399, 571401, 571402, deposition, oxic, 630809 640794, 640795, 640796 571403, 571404, 571405, 571406, 571407 depositional environment, 630814 phylloerythrin, nickel, 630811, 640797 chlorophyll derivatives, 220677, 600499 diagenesis, 630785, 630810, 640798, phytyl esters, 640794 geochemistry, 610619 640806, 640807, 640809, 640810 pigment, 630785, 630786, 630787, 630788, Cretaceous, 440639 diagenesis, oxidative, 640789 630808, 630810, 630814, 630815, 630816, pigment, 440639 diagenesis, reductive, 630814 640789, 640790 diagenetic, 410825 diagenetic markers, 640789 pigment yield, 630788, 630808, 630809, geochemistry diagenetic pathways, alternate, 640794 640790, 640791, 640792, 640793, 640794 absorption maxima, 640794 diagenetic-catagenetic trends, 630810 polar function, 640794 active aromatization region, 640796 diagenetic-geothermal history indicator, polarity classes, 640794 allochthonous source component, 630785 630785 porphyrin, 630785, 630808, 630809, allochthonous terrestrial input, 640798 diatom source, 630814 630810, 630811, 630812, 630813, 630814, alteration, catagenic, 630808, 630812, diazomethane, 630786 640798 630814 dihydroporphyrin, 630810, 640795 reaction kinetics, 630810 alteration, thermal, 630811 elevated temperatures, short-term, 640797 reduction, 630808, 640789 analytical bias, 640790 Florida, 630809 San Miguel Gap, 630785, 630808, 630813, Angola Basin, 630813 free-base, 640795 630814, 630815, 640790, 640796, 640798 anoxia, 630814 fucoxanthin, 630814 San Miguel Island, 630813 anoxic sediments, 630808 gallium, 630809 Santa Barbara Channel, 630813, 630814, aromatization, 630808, 630810, 640790, geothermal history, markers, 640794 630815 640795, 640796, 640798 geothermal stress, organic indicator, sedimentation rate, 630815 asphaltene, 630808, 630813 640790 shale, 630813 assemblages, 640794 Guaymas Basin, 640789 sill, 640790, 640797 authigenic minerals, 630809 heat flow, 640790 slow-moving fractions, 630786 autochthonous organic matter, 630814 higher alkyl homologues, appearance, sodium carbonate, 630787 818 Tetrapyrrole

geochemistry (Cont.) organic matter maturation reaction Melanesian Basin, 610705 source differences, 630809 pathways, 410830 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820440, 820442, 820445 source indicator, 630785 petroporphyrin, 410825 midocean ridge, 820396, 820417, 820449, stable geologic pigments, 640789 porphyrin, 410830, 410834 820450 Tarfaya Basin, 630810 porphyrin, free-base, 410825, 410827 hygromagmaphile element, 820460, 820461, temperature increase, 630787 porphyrin, nickel, 410825, 410834 820467, 820468 terrigenous components, 630810 porphyrin, vanadyl, 410825 minor element, geochemistry, 360934 terrigenous marker, 630808, 630814 reaction rates, 410830 radioactive elements, 42A0628 tetraterpenoid, 640789, 640790, 640798, sill, 410834 trace elements, 660732 640799, 640800, 640801, 640802, 640803, source rock potential, 410825 Goban Spur, 800944 640804, 640810 thermal decomposition, 410830, 410834, see also thorium thermal degradation, 640789 410835, 410836 Th/Hf ratio thermal generation, higher homologues, thermal gradient, 410285 basalt 630812 thermal stress, 410830 Atlantic Ocean N, 830208 thermal profiles, 630785 vitrinite, 410825 California, Gulf of, 650592 thermal reactions, 640797 tetraterpenoid Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830208 thermal regimes, 630808, 630815 California, Gulf of, pigment, 640789 East Pacific Rise, 830208 thermal stress, 630808, 640796 chlorophyll, diagenesis, 571406 geochemistry, 490629 time-scale compression, effects, 640797 pigment, geochemistry, 640789 basalt, altered tin, 630813 tetrapyrrole, geochemistry, 630804, 630805, geochemistry, 580811, 580816, 580819, toluene, 630787 640789, 640790, 640798, 640799, 640800, 580833, 580837 transport, 630815 640801, 640802, 640803, 640804, 640810 major element, 580881, 580883, 580885, United States, 630809 Tetuan Gap, 42A1031 580887, 580891 upwelling, 630814 Messinian environments, climatic trace elements, 580881, 580883, 580885, V, 630785, 630786, 630787, 630788, conditions, 42A1031 580887, 580891 630790, 630791, 630802, 630805, 630807, Teurian/Waipawan boundary, southwest regional basement, geochemistry, 590744, 590746, 630809, 630811, 630812, 630813, 630814, unconformities, 210711 590750 630815, 640789, 640790, 640791, 640792, Texas, 440521, 620481, 780773 California, Gulf of, Guaymas Basin, 650615, 640799, 640805, 640806, 640807, 640810 Bahama Islands, geology, 110893 650616, 650617, 650618 vanadium, 630813 Blake Spur, 440007 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 590746 vanadyl, 630787, 630813 north rim, 440069 minor element, East Pacific Rise, 650608, Ventura Basin, 630813, 630814 Blake Spur S, Blake Spur, 440337 650613 Voring Plateau, 630813 Coahuila, 670750 trace elements zinc, 630787, 630813 coast, 010010, 010084, 640765 East Pacific Rise, 650596, 650608, 650613 zinc isotope, 630787 Cretaceous foraminifers, North America, Tamayo Fracture Zone, 650596 lipid, 630763, 630767, 630768 440671 Th/La ratio Miocene, 440639 deposition, models, 960738 ash, Nankai Trough, 870684 Miocene, Cretaceous, 440639 Louisiana, 960738 basalt, altered Bermuda, 440641 Mexico, magmatic episodes, 660728 major element, 580892 Black Sea, 440640 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010625, trace elements, 580892 Blake Basin, 440639 100738 Th/Rb ratio, ash, 870684 Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, 380785 offshore, 960584 Th/Ta ratio organic geochemistry, pigment, 640820, Orange, 010003 alteration, products, 810739 640821, 640826 Orca Basin, 750510 ash, 870684 organic matter, pigment, 500582 protokerogen, hydrothermal effects, 640910 Nankai Trough, 870684 Patton Escarpment Texas E, 960361, 960705 Atlantic Ocean S, history, 740727 San Miguel Gap, 630944 continental slope basins, continental basalt, midocean ridge, 820418 terrigenous source indicators, 630944 slope, 960705 basement, geochemistry, 590750 Philippine Sea, 580737 embay ment, 100314 bulk-rock compositions, minor element, Philippine Sea N, sediments, 580737 Texas W, 100198, 100314, 100710, 110545, 540640 Philippine Sea S, 600497 120062, 120974, 130695, 140490, 151031, Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550586, pigment, 310905 151032, 260625, 270290, 270985, 42A0586, 550587 geochemistry, 580724, 580737, 580738, 42B1039, 430577, 430599, 430806, 440007, geochemistry 580739, 640789 440069, 440337, 440521 fusion, partial, 540645 Miocene, 440639, 440640, 440641, 440643 central, 150817 Hatton Ridge, 810739 Miocene and Cretaceous, 380785, 440639 continental margin, 100738 trace elements, 810790 San Miguel Island, terrigenous source continental shelf, 100003, 100167 Th/Tb ratio indicators, 630944 continental slope, 100055, 100127, 100715 basement, chemistry, 600622 Vigo Seamount, pigment, 47B0572, 47B0573, Gulf Coast, 100117 geochemistry, magma, 540641 47B0574, 040431, 040435, 380785, 380786, Uvalde, 080005 Th/U ratio, 42B0629 380787, 430657, 430658, 430660, 430661, west, lakes, 230877 ash, 870684 47B0571 textinite basalt, altered tetrapyrrole, diagenetic coal, petrology, 670601 major element, 580881 pigment Guatemala, continental slope, 670601 trace elements, 580881 alkylation, 410830, 410834 maceral, 870880 isotopic composition, 370608 burial, 410825 New Jersey, continental margin, 950654 lead isotope, 340346 carbon, organic, 410825 organic matter, 670601 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, basalt, 511106 chlorine, 410825, 410827 transport, organic matter, 870881 sediments, radioactive elements, 42B0629 dealkylation, 410830, 410832, 410834 texto-ulminite Th/V ratio diabase, 410825, 410830 organic matter, petrology, 500568 basalt, altered diagenesis, 410825 shale, black, thermal maturation, 711025 major element, 580873 hydrocarbon, 410825 Th, 820041, 820471 trace elements, 580873 intrusion, 410825, 410835, 410836, 410837 basalt Thasos, 42A0321 metalloporphyrin, 410825, 410827, 410830 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830201, 830209, thaumasite, lithology, sandstone, volcanic, metamorphism, thermal, 410825 830210, 830211, 830212 120366 nickel, 410825 depletion, 820474 Theic Ocean, 801200 Tholeiite 819

Atlantic Ocean N, Paleozoic, 801108, 801109 Atlantic Ocean NE major element, 330893 basement, main features, 801111 geochemistry, 800939, 810783 mineral analysis, 330898 Goban Spur, evolution, 801200 mineralogy, 800939, 810783 minor element, 330895 theralite Atlantic Ocean S trace elements, 600461 Necker Ridge, 200674, 200678 history, 740726, 740727 chemical variation, 340301, 340306 Wake Guyots, 200679 magnetic anomaly, 391113 chemistry, 180939, 180940, 180941, 180942, Thessalonika Basin, 42A0338 Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, 740765 260472, 340190, 340191, 450447, 540679 Theta Gap, 120673 authigenic minerals, island arc, 600462 basalt, 180935, 180936 thiophene Baja California chemistry, petrography, 550686 bitumen, geochemistry, 42B0693 geochemistry, 630687 crystallization, 260481 hydrocarbon, Cj-C7, volatile organic intrusives, 630687 normative composition, 260477 compounds, 571349, 571353, 571354 oldest sediment, age, 630687 trace elements, 260472, 260483 hydrocarbon, C]-C8, Baja California, 640764 petrography, 630687 chemistry, bulk, magma, 630706 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic spreading center, 630687 clastic sediment, Cretaceous, 401037 petrology, 630823, 640847 Barbados Ridge clinopyroxene, 600705 Mazagan Escarpment, 790795 composition, 780401 Cocos Plate, basalt, 660703 sediments, Blake Ridge, 760383 trace elements, 780403 composition, 820511, 820515 Walvis Ridge, sediments, 751077 basalt, alkali, mixing, 540719, 540720, composition changes, 630695 thiophene, alkyl 540721 conclusions, lavas, 670570 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic basalt, altered continental shelf, onshore geology, 400970 petrology, 630823, 630828, 630832, classification, 540684, 540686 cooling unit, petrography, 460259 640840, 640843 geochemistry, 540689, 540691, 580811, crust, oceanic, 330915, 330917 organic geochemistry 580828, 580839 age, 330915, 330917 Angola Basin, 750461 major element, 580873, 580874, 580875, crystal morphology Baja California, 640940 580881, 580882, 580883, 580884, 580885, island arcs, proximity, 600683 Walvis Ridge, 750465 580889, 580892 Mariana Islands, 600681 Walvis Ridge, sediments, 751073, 751077 petrology, 540689, 540691 crystallization, 411104, 920466 thiophene, aromatic, chemical trace elements, 580873, 580874, 580875, crystal, 180941 characterization, molecular analysis, 580881, 580882, 580883, 580884, 580885, liquidus phase relations, 460235 711048 580889, 580892 microphenocryst, 180941 Thirtymile Bank, platform, 630912 basalt, sparsely phyric olivine, 460236 tholeiite, 050531, 050532, 050533, 050534, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 540630, 540631 plagioclase, 460236 180935, 180936, 180938, 180939, 180940, petrology, 540628, 540629 crystallization, fractional 180941, 180942, 190615, 190616, 190617, basalt, tholeiitic, crystal morphology evolution, 630695 190625, 220450, 240781, 260465, 270556, change, 600681 melting, partial, 370539 300412, 330571, 330766, 330783, 330891, basement, 240767, 240775, 460095, 610643, dacite, conglomerate, 571285, 571288 330902, 340190, 340191, 340192, 340194, 630695 depleted, 670568 340234, 340263, 340264, 340270, 370736, basalt, 460095, 460229, 460232 deposition, origin, 600450 370743, 370744, 370746, 370747, 380751, geochemistry, 590743, 590744, 590746, diabase 380752, 411103, 411104, 411109, 411111, 590749, 590750, 590751, 600653, 600655 petrology, 630706 42A0509, 42AO513, 42A0521, 460089, petrography, 600653, 600655, 690775 trace elements, 240781 460227, 460235, 460299, 511099, 540063, petrology, 180935, 180936 dolerite, 630713, 630714, 630720 540804, 511099, 511101, 511102, 600705, basment, geochemistry, 590751 alteration, 630711 630695, 670558, 670561, 670562, 670570, Bauer Basin smectite, 630714 690757, 690775, 690796, 690800, 820510, basalt, 340239 East Mariana Basin, sedimentary history, 820515, 840805, 890456 structure, 340162 890667 acoustic basement, 180940 Bermuda Rise, rare earth elements, 511113, East Pacific Rise, 540059 Africa E, coast, 250680 511115 basalt, 540695, 540701, 920471 age, 050532, 050533, 050534 Blake Basin, geochemistry, 760715 ferrobasalt, 600705 alkali metal, 670564, 670566 boninite silicate, hydro thermal, 920374 variations, 670564 classification, 600697, 600698 tholeiite, olivine, 600705 alteration, 42A0509, 42A0511, 42A0512, crystal, 600681 element variation, 630695 670564, 820440 geothermometry, 600697 elevated oxygen fugacity, 600705 cesium, 820440 island arcs, proximity, 600741 Emperor Seamounts major element, 511104 mineralogy, 600695 petrology, 550509, 550510, 550511, products, 450615, 810733, 810740 Brazil Basin, 390513, 390519, 390545 550521, 550522, 550533, 550534, 550535, rare earth elements, 511105 bulk-rock compositions, 390514 550571, 550574, 550576, 550577, 550578, remnant arc debris, 590739 mineralogy, 390517 550579, 550580, 550581, 550583 transition metals, 511105 petrography, 390514 trace elements, 550585, 550586 alteration, low-pressure, 460300 brittle deformation, 511491 emplacement, 190617, 190623 geochemistry, 460310 microtectonic data, 511493, 511494 eruption, 380751, 380752 mineral, secondary, 460304 bulk chemical composition, chemical extrusive rock types, 190617 mineral, transparent, 460300 composition, 660712 Fe-Ti oxide, 550640 oxidation and hydration stages, 460316 bulk-rock compositions, 540741 feldspar, 670561 amygdule, 180939 norms, 540639 FeO/MgO ratio, 630695 Angola Basin, petrochemistry, 751102 calc-alkalic series, Mariana Ridge W, 590750 ferrobasalt, East Pacific Rise, 540836 aphyric, 830129 California Continental Borderland, basalt, flow, chemical composition, 411109 arc 630695 fractionation, 340191 geochemistry, 590681 California, Gulf of, 650579, 650580, Galapagos Fracture Zone, ferrobasalt, 600705 petrology, 590681 650584, 650585 Galapagos Spreading center, basalt, 540725, ash, 050531, 050532 California S 540738 age, 050531 geochemistry, 630687 genesis, 920447 glass, 050531 petrography, 630687 chemical gradation, 920447 glass, volcanic, 870684 Celtic Sea, passive margin, 800939 clinopyroxene, 920447 Atlantic Ocean C, magnetic anomaly, 391113 chemical composition, 320563, 320567, cooling, 920447 Atlantic Ocean N, Paleozoic, 801109 330902, 411103, 411111 crust, oceanic, 920449 820 Tholeiite

genesis (Cont.) nickel, 590681 lead isotope, 340343, 340346 crystallization, fractional, 920447 ocean ridge, 810740 Lesser Antilles, island arc, 590792 geochemistry, 920446 ore, 590681 LIL element, 340285, 340286 liquidus phases, 920447 Pacific Ocean W, 590681 Line Islands, tectonics, 330740 magma chamber, 920447, 920448 Pacific Plate, 590681 liquid, 650570 major element, 920447 petrography, 630687 mantle, 540077 MORB, 920449 petrology, 590682, 590685 liquid variation, 650556 olivine, 920447 Philippine Basin W, 590681 lithology, 230171, 410240 olivine-plagioclase cotectic, 920448 Philippine Ridge W, 590681 low partition coefficient elements, 600661 ophitic texture, 920447 Philippine Sea, 600657 andesite, 600661 Pacific Ocean E, 920449 potassium, 590681 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 600661 plagioclase, 920447 pumpellyite-prehnite, 590681 magma sill, 920447 pyroclastic debris, 590682 crystallization, 460235, 460236 trace elements, 920447, 920449 rare earth elements, 590682 mixing, 540842 transition zone, 920447 remnant arcs, 590681 olivine, 370675 vesicle, 920447 Rockall Rise, 810783 magma, calc-alkaline, 660702 xenocrysts, early mixing evidence, 920447 seawater weathering, 590681 mud, 660700 geochemical stratigraphy, 370743 Shikoku Basin, 590682 sediment, 660701 geochemistry, 160638, 190620, 370736, spreading, 590681 magma, parental, derivation, 630695 370743, 370746, 370747, 42A0510, strontium, 590681 magmatism, 380751, 380752, 540714, 820515 42A0513, 590681, 630687, 260567, 260570, trace elements, 42A0510, 42A0511, A12O3, 540711 350331, 350333, 430736, 550599, 550600, 42A0512, 590682 basalt, aphyric, 540714 550601, 550602, 550603, 550604, 550605, transform fault, 590681 basalt, transitional, 540715 590779, 590781, 590782, 590783, 590784, volcanic material, 590682 chemical diversities, 540711 590785, 590786, 590787, 590789, 590792, volcanism, 590681 clinopyroxene, 540711 590794, 590795, 920450 West Mariana Basin, 590681, 590682 crystal fractionation, 540711 accumulation rate, 590682 geochronology, 42A0510 East Pacific Rise, 540714 Al, 590681 glass, 050533, 370732, 540709, 600604, fractionation conditions, variation, andesite, 590681 600657 540714 arc-tholeiitic character, 590681 basalt, alkali, 540709 Galapagos Fracture Zone, 540715 Atlantic Ocean NE, 800939 East Pacific Rise, 540706 glass, 540711 Ba, 590681 Galapagos Fracture Zone, 540706 heterogeneous source, 540716 back-arc basin formation, 590681 glass, interstitial, iron enrichment, 600705 higher oxygen fugacities, 540715 Baja California, 630687 glass, volcanic, 810637 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 540715 basalt, 380720 chemical composition, 870713 iron, 540711 basalt, subalkalic, 590681 interarc basin, 600495 low partition coefficient elements, 540715 basement, 160633 Mariana Trough, 600492 magma, 540715 calc-alkalic series, 590681 Mariana Trough W, 600489 major silicate phase, 540714 chemistry, 590685, 590687, 590688, Tonga, 600492 melt, partial, 540714 590689, 590690, 590692 Goban Spur, evolution, 801213 melting, 540715 chromium, 590681 Greenland Sea Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 540714 clast, 590682 basalt, 38S0241, 38S0242 nickel, 540714 continental orogenic belts, 590681 regional conclusions, 38SO252 olivine, 380751, 380752, 540711 crust, continental, 590681 Guadalupe Island, 630695 oxide variation, 540714 crystalline phases, 590682 Guatemala, 670577 parental composition, 540714, 540715 Fe/Mg ratio, 590681 island arc, 670577 phenocryst, 540711 FeO/(FeO + MgO) ratio, 590681 Guatemala Trench, 670568 phosphorus, 540716 gabbro, pyroxene, 590681 mineralogy, 670568 pillow lava, 380751 glass, 590682 hematite, 411104 plagioclase, 540711 greenschist facies, 590681 Hess Rise, 620947, 620953, 620958, 621039 plagioclase-olivine, 540714 Guaymas Basin, 640712 heterogeneity, 670568 pressure effects, 540716 hydrothermal activity, 590681 hornblende, 411104 quartz, 380751, 380752 igneous rocks, 370737, 370743, 370744, hygromagmaphile element, 820462 REE, 540714 370746, 370747, 370749 hygromagmatophile and isotope ratios, 690758 shallow fractionation, 540714 inactive remnant arcs, 590681 Iceland, 820445 source composition, 540715 interarc basin, origin, 590681 igneous rocks spinel, 540711 island arc, mature, 590681 affinities, 840948 tholeiite, fractionated, 540714 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 590681, 590682 chemical composition, 590721, 590724 titanomagnetite, 540715 laterite, 550461 geochemistry, 370675 yttrium, 540715 lithosphere, 590681 Melanesian Basin, 610673 zirconium, 540714 magma, 870698 Indian Ocean NE, sediment history, 220763 magnetization intensity (NRM), 600705 magmatic phase, 590681 Indian Ocean W major element, 460229, 460232, 510996 magmatic-arc evolution, initial phases, basalt, 250543, 250548, 250549 geochemistry, 930693 590681 regional aspects, 250754, 250756, 250757, Manihiki Plateau, 620958 major element, 42A0510, 42A0511, 42A0512, 250758 Mariana Islands 590682 intrusion, 050533 basement, 600615 major oxides, 540371 island arc, 670577 fore arc, 600653, 600743 marginal basin, formation, 590681 Japan, 590750 Mariana Ridge, calc-alkalic series, 590750 marginal basin, magmatic arc complexes, Jingu Seamount, volcanics, 550686 Mariana Trough 590681 K/Ar age, 160651, 260466, 390545, 390546 bytownite, 600658 marginal basins, genesis, 590681 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, arc, 590681 clinopyroxene, 600658 Mariana Trough, 600657 large ion lithophile elements (LIL), 340191 island arcs, proximity, 600615 mineral chemistry, 160630 depletion, 340191 labradorite, 600658 mineral, secondary, 450615 major element, 340191 major element, 600657 mineralogy, 800946 minor element, 340191 Mariana Trough W, 600487 mineralogy, special features, 060831 lava, isotope geochemistry, 810775 mineralogy, 600657 Tholeiite 821

Mariana Trough (Cont.) spinel, 800940, 800941 chromium, 590681 MORB, 600658 titanomagnetite, 340269 clast, 590682 plagioclase, 600658 minor element, 330583, 330587, 330592 clay minerals, 590682 tholeiite, olivine, 600657, 600658 Mohole, 630695 continental orogenic belts, 590681 zoning, 600658 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 crystal, 180939, 180941 Meiji Guyot, K/Ar age, 550678, 550679 New Hebrides, island arc, 670559 crystal fractionation, 42A0512 Melanesian Basin, 610691 norm, 180940, 180941 crystalline fragments, 180935 ash, 610634, 610635, 610636, 610637, normative mineralogy, fractionation, 370732 crystalline phases, 590682 610639, 610640 Norwegian Sea diorite, 590682 melt, residual, 600705 basalt, 38S0241, 38S0242 eruption, 590682 melting regional conclusions, 38S0252 fault zone, 180938 liquidus phase relations, 460235 ocean, 690775, 690796, 690800 flow structures, phenocrysts, 590682 olivine, 460236 alteration, 690796 fractures, 180939 plagioclase, 460236 magma, 690775, 690796 gabbro, pyroxene, 590681 tholeiite, olivine, 450516 ocean plateau, 610673, 610681 geothermal gradient, 590682 Mendoza Rise, petrology, 920613 oceanic glass, 180935, 180941, 590682, 590685 microamygdule, 050533 depleted, 780404 greenschist facies, 590681 microphenocryst, 050533 trace elements, 780403 groundmass, 180941 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820509 olivine, 180939, 370675, 600705, 830129 hornblende, 590682 tholeiite, olivine, 600705 olivine, tholeiitic, 180941, 180942 hydrothermal activity, 590681 Mid-Pacific Mountains, 200669, 200674 olivine-plagioclase-clinopyroxene cotectic, ilmenite, 590682 Middle America Trench, 670577 630695 intrusive units, 590682 basalt, 670577 origin, 660708 island arc, 590682 midocean ridge, 820440 Pacific continental margin, geomorphology, K-feldspar, 590682 mineral chemistry, 550607, 550608, 550611, 350285 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 590681, 590682 550615, 550617, 550624, 550626, 550627, Pacific Ocean E, 630695 lithosphere, 590681 550629, 550630, 550631, 550632, 550633, basalt floor, 660707, 660708 magmatic phase, 590681 550635 Pacific Ocean N, basalt, 190903 magnetite, 590682 spinel, 630690 Pacific Ocean NW, basement, 200046 major element, 330582, 330588, 330592, mineral composition, 050533, 050534 Pacific Ocean SE 42A0512, 590682 aragonite, 180939, 180941 basalt, 340381 marginal basin, formation, 590681 augite, 180935 Pb isotope, 920396, 920399 microlite, 180939 calcite, 180939, 180941 rare earth elements, 920553 microphenocryst, 180939, 180941 chlorite, 180939 Pacific Ocean SW, island arcs, 300702 mineralogy, 330577, 330583, 330586, clay, 180939, 180941 Patton Escarpment, 630695 330592, 42A0512 hydroxides, 180935 alteration, 630713, 630714 minor element, 330583, 330587, 330592 ilmenite, 180939, 180941 Peter I Island, geology, 350354, 350356 nickel, 590681 iron, 180940 petrochemistry, 630712, 630727, 670580 olivine, 590682 iron oxide, hydrated, 180941 petrochemsitry, 670583 ore, 590681 iron-titanium oxide, 180935 petrogenesis, modeling, 920440 Pacific Ocean W, 590681 magnetite, 180941 petrogenetic affinity, 42A0512, 42A0513 Pacific Plate, 590681 mineral, opaque, 180939, 180941 geochemistry, 42A0513 palagonite, 180935 olivine, 180935, 180939, 180941, 180942 rare earth elements, 42A0513 phenocryst, 180939 plagioclase, 180935, 180939, 180941 Sr isotope, 42A0513 Philippine Basin W, 590681, 590682 pyroxene, 180935, 180939, 180941 petrography, 330893, 330902, 42A0509, Philippine Ridge W, 590681 serpentine, 180941 511099, 460259 Philippine Sea, 590682 spinel, 180939, 180941 Baja California, 630687 phillipsite, 180935 mineral, opaque, 600705 celadonite, 260471 plagioclase, 590682 mineralogic facies comparison, lithogenous groundmass, 42A0509 potassium, 590681 material, 810708 microphenocryst, 42A0509 pumpellyite-prehnite, 590681 mineralogy, 180935, 180936, 190618, 190620, phenocryst, 42A0509 pyroclastic debris, 590682 340192, 340194, 340264, 42A0509, 511099, texture, 260466, 260467, 260470, 260471 quartz, 590682 540752, 600657, 600716, 670562 vein, 42A0509 rare earth elements, 590682 Atlantic Ocean NE, 800939 vesicle, 42A0509 remnant arcs, 590681 basalt, 270556 petrology, 160630, 160633, 160638, 180935, Shikoku Basin, 590682 calcite, 42A0509 180938, 330571, 330573, 330574, 330591, sill, 180938 clay, 42A0509 42A0512, 540747, 740755, 320563, 320567, spreading, 590681 clinopyroxene, 190620, 42A0509, 42A0510, 350331, 350333, 411104, 540753, 580849, stratigraphy, 330573, 330591 540743, 670561 580852, 580854, 580856, 580861, 580862, strontium, 590681 feldspar, 340264 580863, 580865, 590669, 590670, 590671, submergence, inactivity, 590682 geochemistry, 600712 590672, 590673, 590674, 590675, 590678, trace elements, 42A0512, 590682 ilmenite, 340269, 340270 590679 transform fault, 590681 interstitial, intersertal material, 540744 accumulation rate, 590682 tuff, 590682 large ion lithophile elements (LIL), affinities, 590682 veinlet, 180941 340194 Al, 590681 vesicularity, 590682 magmatic, 670561 alteration, 180939, 180940, 180941, 590682 volcanic material, 590682 Mariana Islands, 600657 amygdule, 180939 volcanism, 590681 mineral composition, 660731 andesite, 590681 West Mariana Basin, 590681, 590682 mineral, opaque, 42A0509 Atlantic Ocean NW, 430736 zeolite, 590682 olivine, 340192, 340270 Ba, 590681 zoning, 180939 Philippine Sea, 600657 back-arc basin formation, 590681 phase chemistry, 260484, 511099 plagioclase, 190620, 340271, 340273, basalt, 590682, 690775 plagioclase, 260485 340274, 42A0509 calc-alkalic series, 590681 pyroxene, 260484 pyroxene, 340267, 340271, 340273, 340274 chemistry, 590682, 590685, 590687, phenocryst, 050533, 180938 quartz, 340192, 340194 590688, 590689, 590690, 590692 plagioclase, 180938 Rockall Rise, 810783 chilled margins, 180941 Philippine Basin, genesis, 310857, 310864 822 Tholeiite

Philippine Basin W, 590678 glass, 540710, 540711 geochemistry, 540686 Philippine Sea, 600657 Goban Spur, 800943, 800944 petrology, 540686 arc, 590681 hygromagmaphile elements, 670567 Galapagos Spreading center, basalt, 540755 Philippines, genesis, 310876 Middle America Trench, 660732 petrology, Galapagos Islands, 540746 pillow lava, chemical composition, 411109 passive margin, 810788 Rockall Plateau, basalt, 810802 plagioclase, 180939, 190620, 340234, Siqueiros Fracture Zone, 660732 tholeiite, high-alumina 411104, 600705, 660716, 670561 stabilization, 220449, 220450 basalt, petrology, 160633 Porcupine Plain, 801197 uranium, 260491 basalt, altered, classification, 540686 potassium-argon age, 340443 vein, 050533 geochemistry, 160633 pumice, 050531, 050532 vesicularity, 600657, 600705 South Fiji Basin, geology, 300625 pyroxene, 180939, 190620, 590701, 590702, volcanic rocks tholeiite, high-temperature 590703, 590705, 600681, 670563 ages, 550660, 550661, 550665, 550668, basalt, pyroxene, 590705 lava textures, 600681 550670, 550673 boninite, geothermometry, 600695 Mariana Islands, 600681 eruption, 200691 tholeiite, low-K, 670567 quartz, normative, 830129 Galapagos Islands, 200687 basalt rare earth, 370582 Geisha Guyots, 200682 major element, 510996, 510999 rare earth elements, 460243, 850797 Hawaiian Islands, 200687 trace elements, 510996, 510999 geochemistry, 600740, 600742 Horizon Tablemount, 200668 geochemistry, basalt, 380720 island-arc associations, 590667 Mid-Pacific Mountains, 200667, 200687 Indian Ocean W, regional aspects, 250749, trace elements, 590664 Necker Ridge, 200678 250753 tuff, 590655, 590656, 590657 petrology, 180935 sea floor spreading, history, 250675 Rb-Sr, 550696, 550698, 550699, 550704 volcaniclasts, 810636, 810637, 810640 tholeiite, low-temperature Red Sea, geology, 230816 volcanics, 190618 basalt, pyroxene, 590705 regional tectonics, Rio Grande Rise, 720962 Pacific Ocean C, 170439, 170440 boninite, geothermometry, 600695 rhyolite, conglomerate, 571285, 571288 petrology, 180935, 180936, 190618, tholeiite, oceanic Rio Grande Rise, basement, volcanic, 720955 330758, 330766 Atlantic Ocean NE, evolution, 411221 Rivera Plate, 630695 volcanism, 330783 basalt alteration, 630720 Madagascar, 250532 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830205 Rockall Rise Mascarene Basin, 250536 Sm, 830205 geochemistry, 810783 volcanism, explosive, Neogene, 870718 Ti, 830205 mineralogy, 810783 Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740743, 740748, 740755 biostratigraphy, Mediterranean Sea, 42A1139 volcanism, 810917 whole rock chemistry, 370725 Goban Spur Santos Plateau, 390513, 390522 zirconium, 600657 basement, 800939 bulk-rock compositions, 390515 zoning, 050533 chalk, 800939 mineralogy, 390517 see also major element: tholeiite continental margin, 801131 petrography, 390514 tholeiite, altered crust, continental, 800939 seamounts, ridges, volcanic origin, 330783 chert crust, oceanic, 800939 Shatskiy Rise, 620958 geochemistry, 620712 evolution, 801204, 801212, 801213 Shikoku Basin oxygen isotope, 620749 hyaloclastite, 800939 basalt, 580895, 580898 petrology, 620712 K/Ar age, 800939 tephra, 580623 Volcanic rocks, petrography, Shatskiy lava flow emplacement rate, 800939 sill, 270556 Plateau S, 200683 limestone, microfossil-bearing, 800939 chemical composition, 411109, 411111 tholeiite, aphyric major element, 800939 sill-pillow complex, 610676, 610680, 610681 basalt, petrology, 590670 mudstone, calcareous, 800939 SiO2, 600705 basalt, sparsely phyric, crystal ocean-continent boundary, 800939 Siqueiros Fracture Zone, basalt, 540607 morphologies, 540627 pillow, 800939 Somali Basin, volcanism, 250537 boninite, nonglassy, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Porcupine Plain, 800939 South Fiji Basin, history, 300629, 300630 600698 seaward edge, 801197 South Sandwich Islands, 590793 geochemistry, igneous rocks, 370736, 370743 trace elements, 800939 Southeast Pacific Basin, evolution, Siqueiros Fracture Zone, basalt, 540607 upper volcanic pile, 800939 geologic, 350729 tholeiite, continental gravity anomaly, modeling, 801143 spherulitic zones, darkening, 600705 clastic sediment, Cretaceous, 401037 Horizon Tablemount, 200668 spinel, 180939 Goban Spur, evolution, 801204 lithostratigraphy, Mediterranean Sea, Sr isotope, 600679 tholeiite, geochemistry, 800946 42A1139 major element, 590721, 590724 trace elements mineralogy, chemical characteristics, 670563 ratio, 450535 basalt, 810793 Red Sea, geology, 230816 trace elements, 590724 Goban Spur, 800944 regional summary, 020415 strontium, noncarbonate fractions, 42B0611 tholeiite, depleted, 810786, 810788, 810790 Rio Grande Rise, regional setting, 390960 Suiko Seamount, trace elements, 550559, geochemistry, 810783 seamounts, ridges, volcanic origin, 330783 550560, 550561, 550563, 550564, 550565, Atlantic Ocean N, 810783, 810784 tholeiite, olivine 550567, 550568 basalt, 810784 Atlantic Ocean, 450513 sulfur isotope, pyrite, 340381 Faroe Islands, 810784 Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, 740779 texture, 050533 Greenland E, 810784 basalt, altered titanomagnetite, crystallization, 600705 Hebridean Tertiary Basaltic Province, classification, 540686 Tonga, island arc, 670570 810784 geochemistry, 540686, 580793, 580802, trace elements, 180936, 180940, 180942, lithology, 810784 580810, 580815, 580816, 580822, 580828 370582, 460243, 510996, 511104, 600657, Rockall Plateau, 810783 major element, 580875 630695, 660732, 810787, 920439 low partition coefficient elements, petrochemistry, 580793, 580802 alteration, 670564, 670567 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 600662 petrology, 540686 basalt, 810792 major element, mineralogy, 600665 trace elements, 580875 British Tertiary Igneous Province, 810788 trace elements, geochemistry, 370574 basalt, sparsely phyric Cocos Plate, 660732 tholeiite, Fe-rich crystal morphologies, 540624 East Pacific Rise, 660732 basalt ferrobasalt, 540624 Emperor Seamounts, 550585 geochemistry, 540768 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 540630, 540631 genesis, 660732 mineralogy, 540768 petrology, 540628, 540629 geochemistry, 370573, 550559, 930693 basalt, altered tholeiite, aphyric olivine-poor, 540619 Thorium 823

basement, chemistry, 600622 petrology, 590670, 590672 540639 boninite, classification, 600698 Bermuda Rise, crystallization, 511040 California, Gulf of, Guaymas Basin, 650614, carbonate, secondary, vein, 580905 melting, 450516 650618 chemistry, 450447 tholeiite, olivine, 450516 crust, oceanic, hygromagmatophile (HYG) Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830201 mineral chemistry, 550629 elements, 650623 crust, oceanic, Costa Rica Rift Zone, petrology, 590670, 590672, 590673 Discovery Deep, lead isotope, 230945 830186, 830196 Rio Grande Rise, 721015 dolerite, Cretaceous, 150994, 150999 distribution, 540837 tholeiite, quartz Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550586 East Pacific Rise basalt Falkland Plateau, basement, 360896, 360897 composition, 540841, 540842 geochemistry, 590781 galena, 230943 magmatism, axial, 540838 sill-pillow complex, 610676 geochemistry, 600624 Emperor Seamounts, petrology, 550535, 550576 magma, 901164 Cenozoic sediments, 42B0543, 42B0544, ferrobasalt, MAR, 540846, 540847 major element 42B0594, 42B0599 ferrobasalt, oceanic, liquid derivation, characteristics, 920438 fusion, partial, 540645 540835 composition, 800940 magma, 540642, 870699 fracture zone, 540718 tephra, chemistry, 901164 origins, basal sediments, 340564 geochemistry, 380720, 540757, 590759 Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740746 Rockall Plateau, 810736 igneous rocks, 370736, 370748 tholeiite, subalkalic volcanism, 870700 island arcs, proximity, 600624, 600629 basalt 3He/4He ratio, 870863 glass, 370732 K/Ar age, 160651 hematite, 230943 alkali basalt mixing, 540709 LIL element, 340283 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 540727 igneous rocks, geochemistry, 370654 Red Sea, geology, 230816 geochemistry, 650631 large ion lithophile elements (LIL), 340194 tholeiite, transitional isotopic composition lithology, 260029 basalt, chemistry, 450447 K/U ratio, 370607 magma, mixing, 540842, 540843 Bauer Basin, basalt, 340239 magnesium, 370607 major element, 510988 Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550585 niobium, 370608 characteristics, 920438 geochemistry, igneous rocks, 370737 18O, 370608 composition, 800940 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 potassium, 370607 Mariana Islands, fore arc, 600620 trace elements, 550585 86Sr/87Sr ratio, 370608 Mariana Trench, island arcs, proximity, tholeiite, undifferentiated, geochemistry, Th/U ratio, 370608 600620 igneous rocks, 370736, 370744, 370748, uranium, 370607, 370608 Mariana Trough 370749 Japan Trench arc, 600614 tholeitte, Mid-Pacific Mountains, 200667 minor element, 870649 tholeiite, 600657, 600658 Thomas Washington Guyot, 200693 trace elements, 870649 melting, 450513 submergence, 200693 lead isotope, 310602, 340341, 340343, 340346 tholeiite, olivine, 450516 thomsonite, Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, low partition coefficient elements, viscosity, 450513, 450514, 450515, 450516 740771 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 600661 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820503 thorium, 150999, 230943, 230945, 230951, major element, minor element, 500681 mineral chemistry, 550617, 550629, 550630, 42B0628, 540727 manganese, 230943 550631 alteration, products, 810736 mantle, upper, trace elements, 460247 minor element, East Pacific Rise, 650606, analyses, 920433 Mariana Islands, 600615 650611 ash, 870684 basement, 600615 MORB, comparisons, 920468 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 870684 fore arc, 600621 normative mineralogy, 370732 Atlantic Ocean, basalt, 370607 Mariana Trench, 600621 Pacific Ocean E, ferrobasalt, 540843 Atlantic Ocean S, history, 740715, 740718, Mariana Trough, 600614 Peter I Island, geology, 350354 740723, 740726, 740727 melting, partial, 460247 petrochemistry, 270556 Atlantis II Deep Mid-Atlantic Ridge petrography, 920468 lead isotope, 230943 basalt, 450494, 450496 petrology, 580848, 580854, 580861, 590672 uranium-thorium-lead, 230943 isotopes, 450545, 450547, 450549 derivation, 540747 barite, authigenic minor element plagioclase, 660716 barite, 410916 East Pacific Rise, 650613 rare earth elements, 340194 origin, 410920 geochemistry, 360930, 360932, 360937 Rockall Plateau, basalt, 810802 basalt, 230943 Nazca Plate, 340341 seamounts, ridges, volcanic origin, 330783 Atlantic Ocean, 370607 basalt, 340341 Siqueiros Fracture Zone, 540605, 540717, chemical variation, 340305, 340306 physical properties, 040084 540718 chemistry, 150999 potassium, 42B0629 basalt, porphyritic, 540611, 540613, Cretaceous, 150994, 150999, 511087, rare earth elements 540615 511091, 511092 distribution, 590653 tholeiite geochemistry, 490606, 490609, 490625, trace elements, 590666 basalt, alkali, 540719 550599, 550603, 590754, 590761, 590769, tuff, 590659, 590660, 590661 East Pacific Rise, 600705 590776, 590781, 590783, 590790, 590795 Red Sea, 230943, 230945 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 600705 Nazca Plate, 340341 geochemistry, 230988 trace elements, 510988 rare earth, 370581 lead isotope, 230945 East Pacific Rise, 650594, 650606, 650611 basalt, altered uranium-thorium-lead, 230945 Tamayo Fracture Zone, 650594 geochemistry, 580802, 580807, 580811, Rockall Plateau, basalt, 810795 viscosity, 450513 580825 sediment chemistry, trace elements, 350451 volcanic rocks, petrography, 200691 major element, 580875, 580881, 580882, sediments, radioactive elements, 42B0628, Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740743, 740748 580883, 580884, 580889, 580892 42B0629 tholeiite, olivine-poor petrochemistry, 580802 shale, black, chemical composition, 410875 basalt, petrography, 920459, 920468 trace elements, 580875, 580881, 580882, strontium isotope, 310602 East Pacific Rise, basalt, 920471 580883, 580884, 580889, 580892 Suiko Seamount, trace elements, 550561, MORB, comparisons, 920468 basalt, oceanic, 150999 550565 tholeiite, plagioclase, 660716 basement, geochemistry, 590743, 590745, sulfur isotope, minor element, 500681 basalt 590746, 590747, 590748, 590750, 590751 thorium isotope, 230951 mineral chemistry, 550617, 550629, brine, 230943 trace elements, 370581, 450545, 650594, 550630, 550631, 550632 bulk-rock compositions, minor element, 810788 824 Thracian Basin

trace elements (Cont.) midocean ridge, 820401, 820404, 820413, basement basalt, 810790 820414, 820450 chemistry, 600622 Cretaceous, 511087, 511091, 511092 sill-pillow complex, 610675 geochemistry, 590747, 590749 East Pacific Rise, 650594, 650613 tholeiite, oceanic, 830205 boninite, 600741 geochemistry, 370573 basalt, phyric, groundmass composition, trace elements, 600741 magnetite, 450549 830132 bulk-rock composition, minor element, 540640 plagioclase, 450547 Brazil Basin, geochemistry, 720421 clay, 710398 Tamayo Fracture Zone, 650594 Cocos Plate, geochemistry, 660683 continental runoff, product, 710399 uranium, disequilibrium, 700304 crust, oceanic, 820497 decomposition materials, 710398 uranium isotope, 230951 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830196 deviation, 710400 see also Th crystallization, fractional, melting, distribution, 710400, 710403 Thracian Basin, 42B1079 partial, 370546 Falkland Plateau, 710398 Black Sea, geophysical framework, 42B1079 Emperor Seamounts, trace elements, 550586 tectonic activity, 710402 Three Kings Islands, South Fiji Basin, geochemical component grouping, 801077 geochemical history geology, 300619 geochemistry Albian, 710406 Three Kings Rise, 210897, 210900, 300005, Cr, 720430 sedimentation, 710405 300007, 300008, 300028, 300617, 300619, Fe, 720430 geochemical significance 300620, 300624, 300626, 300629, 901156 manganese, 720430 Atlantic Ocean, 710398 Lord Howe Rise, pale green laminae, 901156 V, 660683, 720429, 720430, 720438 basalt, 710397 Pacific Ocean SW, 210897 Zr, 720430 clay, 710397 Mesozoic regional evolution, 210902 hygromagmaphile element, 820460, 820461, Pacific Ocean, 710397 Norfolk Ridge, 210897 820462, 820463, 820464, 820467 geochemistry, 540757 regional evolution, 210900 Dy, 820460 fusion, partial, 540642 South Fiji Basin, 210897 inorganic geochemistry, 801079 igneous rocks, geochemistry, 370656, South Fiji Basin mineral, chemical composition, 660713 370661, 370672, 370674 geology, 300617, 300619, 300620, 300624, mineralogy, hornblende, 660723 increase, 710399 300626, 300628 Rio Grande Rise, sediment, 720426 pelitic sediment, 710400 history, 300629 spinel, 820525 rare earth elements, geochemistry, 600737, thrust fault trace elements, 660731 600738, 600739 accretionary complex, Lesser Antilles, Goban Spur, 800943 relic character, 710400 780535, 780537, 780542 trace elements, incompatible, 820487 sediment, content, 710400 accretionary prism, 780571, 780576, 870798 Ti/Al ratio sialic material, 710398 accretionary wedge, 870749 Bermuda Rise Suiko Seamount, trace elements, 550564, Japan Trench, 870749 crystallization, 511042, 511044 550567 Barbados Ridge, 780573, 780574, 780606, geochemistry, 511517, 511520 titanium, increase, 710400 780619 geochemical history, sedimentation, 710436 volcaniclastics, acid, 710398 deformation, 780535, 780606 interstitial water, geochemistry, Guaymas zeolitized material, 710400 deformation Basin, 640689 Tibet, 220407 Barbados Ridge, 780606 major element, chemistry, 330559 plateaus, 42A0944 framework, 870938 Pacific Ocean SE, 920558 Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0944 frontal thrust sheet, crustal development, sediment chemistry, lower part, 350430 Tiburon Island, 640577, 641291, 641293 870931 sedimentation, geochemical aspects, 710428 slope, 780064 gravity tectonics, passive margin, 500759 Ti/Cr ratio Tiburon Rise, 780027, 780030, 780034, 780036, Japan Trench, 870749 basalt, altered 780039, 780042, 780046, 780049, 780054, Lesser Antilles, 780566, 780573 geochemistry, 580793 780067, 780071, 780079, 780080, 780107, accretionary complex, 780535, 780537, petrochemistry, 580793 780133, 780228, 780250, 780320, 780330, 780542 Ti/Fe ratio, 730681 780364, 780366, 780423, 780573, 780603, forearc complex, 780535, 780537, 780542 amphiboles, chemical studies, 150966 780618 Nankai Trough, 870728, 870733, 870802, basalt, Fe-Ti oxide, 550644 accretion, 780035 870841 ilmenite, 690715 Barbados Ridge, relation, 780611 pore fluid pressure, 840767 Japan Trench, sediments, 271229 basement, 780081 pore pressure, 840767 pyroxene, chemical studies, 150966 deformation, 780066 thrusting, see also imbricate thrusting titanomagnetite, 690715, 690719, 690725 morphology, 780065 Thule, 810786 basalt, 690725 ooze, calcareous, slope, 780308 Thulean Land Bridge, 380025, 810690 Ti/Hf ratio, basement, geochemistry, 590749 slope values, 780066 America, 380025 Ti/N ratio, igneous rocks, 840948 submarine valley network, 780065 Atlantic Ocean NE, 810689 Ti/V ratio, volcanic sediment, primary topography, 780035, 780051, 780064 Thulean Volcanic Province, 810793 volcanic material, 901181 underthrusting, 780615 basalt, rare earth, 380749 Ti/Y ratio Tichka Massif, flysch, source area, 500753 evolution, 380741 geochemistry, 600624 Ticino, Switzerland, 110609 Norwegian Sea, 380741 Meiji Guyot, K/Ar age, 550679 Tierra del Fuego, 290731, 350266, 350738, mineral, primary, pyroxene, 810786 Ti/Zr ratio, 710399, 710400 360766, 360888, 710284, 710789, 710802 Rockall Rise, evolution, 810883 Atlantic Ocean N, mantle, 490846 Southeast Pacific Basin, evolution, trace elements, basalt, 810793 basalt, 710398 geologic, 350738, 350739 thulium, Indian Ocean SE, sediments, 260548 geochemistry, 590759, 590774, 590775, Tiflis. See Tbilisi Thurston Island, 350005, 350011, 350063, 590776, 590777, 590779, 590782, 590785 Tilvici Valley, 210819 350127, 350378 midocean ridge, 820399, 820401, 820409, Timor, 260773, 270628, 300699, 330801, 660419 Ti, 820041 820411, 820414 Ashmore Reef, 271051 abyssal plain, inorganic geochemistry, volcaniclastics, 710400 Australia W, continental margin, 270578, 801074 volcanism, 710402 270582 basalt, 820520 basalt, altered Bobonaro clay, 270567 chemistry, 820035 chemistry, 511324 Cablac limestone, 270567 clinopyroxene, calcic, 820472 geochemistry, 580823, 580824, 580825, carbonate, shallow-water, 270567 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830155, 830157, 580831 flank, anticlinal ridge, 270561 830161, 830162, 830165, 830205, 830206 basalt layer, 710400 folding, Mataian, 270567 geochemistry, 590778 basaltoid hyalophitic material, 710400 fringing reefs, 270567 Titanium 825

inception, 270568 tourmaline, 270524 Geisha Guyots, 200682 limestone, deep-water, 270567 zircon, 270524 lithology, 320319 Neogene history, 270567 ooze, calcareous, geochemistry, 270463 Melanesian Basin, ash, 610633 Ofu, 270851 ooze, foraminiferal mineral chemistry, pyroxene, 920440 ooze, deep-water, 270568 aragonite, 271011 mineralogy, diabase, 220416 Pacific Ocean SW, Cenozoic, 300667 burrow mottling, 271011 Necker Ridge, 200674, 200678 paleogeography, 270568 calcite, 271011 volcanic rocks, ages, 550661 Ramelauean orogeny, thrust sheets, 270567 carbon, 271011 Wake Guyots, 200678, 200679, 200682 reflector, dolomitized surface, 270567 chlorite, 271011 titanite Reflector Rl, 270568 clay minerals, 271011 Black Sea, sediments, 42B0378 Sahul Shelf, 270567 glauconite, 271011 Ganges Fan, sand, 220711 seismic reflection, flank, 270561 lamination, 271011 Indian Ocean W, terrigenous sediment, 241056 Soro Uplift, Miocene, 270567 mica, 271011 lithology, 360020, 410170, 480176 Suai Formation, 270567 pyrite, 271011 turbidites, 120261 tectonics, 270568 quartz, 271011 Wharton Basin, sand, 220711 Timor Trough, 270567 ooze, nannofossil titanium, 330833, 330835, 670570, 860605, uplifting, Pliocene, 270567 aragonite, 271011 860657, 860658 Viqueque Formation, 270567 carbon, 271011 alteration see also Indian Ocean E carbon dioxide, 271011 basalt, 370563 Timor Sea, 270193, 270581 clay minerals, 271011 products, 810739 Australia W, suspended sediment, 270383 glauconite, 271011 alteration, low-temperature Indian Ocean E, surface currents, 270387 laminae, 271010 basalt, 490710 see also Indian Ocean E mica, 271011 geochemistry, 460316 Timor Trough, 270380, 38S0887, 640676, pyrite, 271010 alteration minerals, trace elements, 920496 640691, 670610, 720859 quartz, 271011 amphiboles, chemical studies, 150963, 150967 ash SiO2 content, 271011 Angola Basin, geologic evolution, 750517 dacitic to rhyodacitic composition, 271011 sorting, 271010 Assemblage IB(-), 710394 glass, 271011 zeolite, 271011 Assemblage IIA( + ), 710395 hornblende, 271011 sedimentary sequence, 270567 Assemblage IIIA( + ), 710395 hypersthene, 271011 stratigraphy, foraminiferal, Indian Ocean, Atlantic Ocean mineral, opaque, 271011 450322 geochemistry, 47B0434 ooze interbeds, 271011 Timor, 270567 mineralogy, 47B0434 plagioclase, 271011 see also Indian Ocean E Atlantic Ocean N, mantle, 490841 quartz, 271011 tin Atlantic Ocean S, history, 740715, 740718, calcarenite, dolomitic basalt 740726, 740727 calcite, sparry, 271013 alkali metal, 810761 Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, 740778 mineral, heavy, 271013 geochemistry, 550599 basalt, 240781, 690719 quartz, 271013 California, Gulf of, gulf mouth, 650406, basement, 240775 shallow-water nature, 271013 650407, 650410, 650416 Blake Basin, 760714 carbon, organic, diagenesis, 670610 chemistry, 650419 California, Gulf of, 650579 diagenesis clay minerals, microelements, 560987 chemical variation, 340305 interstitial fluids, 270463 geochemistry, 390477 chemistry, 450459, 540676, 540681, ooze, calcareous, 270463 Cenozoic sediments, 42B0543, 42B0557, 540682, 540684, 920473 geochemistry, 270463 42B0563, 42B0594, 42B0599 chromium, spinel, 450582 geophysical, 270380 Indian Ocean SE, sediments, 260542, 260547 Fe-Ti oxide, 550643, 550649 Indian Ocean E, lithology, 271002, 271004, Japan Trench geochemistry, 260567, 350330, 350333, 271015, 271020 clay minerals, 560987 490601, 540768, 590759, 590766, 590772, interstitial water, geochemistry sediments, 271223, 271225, 271228, 571213 590774, 590776, 590777, 590783, 590784, Baja California, 640676 major element, minor element, 500680 590785 diagenesis, 640691 Melanesian Basin, ash, 610637 K/Ar age, 390551 limestone, dolomitic mineralogy, 650419 major element, 511009 allochems, 271012 sulfur isotope, minor element, 500680 Middle America Trench, 670581 aragonite, 271012 tetrapyrrole, geochemistry, 630813 mineral assemblage, 511226 calcite, 271011, 271012 Tinian, 590812, 600252 mineral chemistry, 550608, 550621, 550633 foraminifer-rich, 271010 Saipan, 600920 mineral, opaque, 450562 glauconite, 271011 Tintamarre, 780083 mineralogy, 540697, 540768 limestone, 271012 Tiny Wiggles Anomaly minor element, 490666, 490671, 490681, micrite, 271012 magnetic polarity reversal, correlations, 490682, 490686 pyrite, 271011 730616 oxidation, 920481 quartz, 271011 magnetostratigraphy, 730612 petrochemistry, 670581 recrystallization, 271012 titanaugite, 200691 petrography, 540697 shallow-water origin, 271012 basalt petrology, 160633, 220463, 350330, lithology, folding, 270208 chemical composition, 320564, 320565, 350333, 390551, 580852, 580854, 580856, methane, canned core samples, 270453 320567 590670, 590673, 590675, 590676, 590677, Middle America Trench, transect, 670610 Middle America Trench, 840805 590678 mineral, heavy mineral chemistry, 550611 pyroclastics, 260560, 260563 actinolite, 270524 mineral, secondary, 340406 smectite, 511269 chlorite, 270524 petrography, 260466, 260467 yttrium, 370567, 370569 clinopyroxene, 270524 petrology, 320564, 320565, 320567 basalt, altered epidote, 270524 basalt, altered, geochemistry, 580823 chemistry, 511320, 511323, 511324, garnet, 270524 boninite, crystallization, 600701 511325, 511326 hornblende, 270524 East Mariana Basin, sedimentary history, classification, 540685 hypersthene, 270524 890668 geochemistry, 540686, 580798, 580800, Indian Ocean S, 270526 East Pacific Rise, lithology, 920438 580802, 580805, 580808, 580811, 580830, sphene, 270524 Emperor Seamounts, petrology, 550572, 580834 terrigenous material, 270524 550576, 550580 major element, 580874 826 Titanium

basalt (Cont.) accumulation rate, 340561 magma chamber, 650628 petrochemistry, 580798, 580800, 580802 andesite, 220463 magnetic oxides, petrology, 511411 petrology, 540686 basalt, 380720 major element trace elements, 580874 Cenozoic sediments, 42B0543, 42B0545, argillaceous sediments, 580724 basalt, oceanic 42B0551, 42B0554, 42B0559, 42B0589, chemistry, 330557, 920492, 920493 chemistry, 610640 42B0599 distribution, 500678 petrochemistry, 610640, 610641 chemical analyses, 340560 mineralogy, 600665 basalt, sparsely phyric chemistry, 340218, 340220 manganese, 291083, 291084 ferrobasalt, tholeiitic, 540619 claystone, red variegated, 440506, 440509 mantle, upper, trace elements, 460247, tholeiite, aphyric olivine-poor, 540619 comparison, other rock types, 220463 460248 basement Cretaceous and Cenozoic sediments, marcasite, geochemistry, 38S0767 chemistry, 600622 480708, 480716 Mariana Islands, 600615 geochemistry, 590751, 600654 differentiation, 220463 basement, 600615 petrography, 600654 igneous rocks, 370737, 370743, 370744, fore arc, 600621 petrology, 370696 370747, 370748, 370749 Mariana Trench, 600621 Bauer Basin, basalt, 340239 interelement correlations, 810713 Mariana Trough, 600614 Bermuda Rise limestone, red, 440505, 440509 basalt, 600650 crystallization, 511040, 511042, 511044 major oxides, 540359 Meiji Guyot geochemistry, 511519 mathematical treatment, 500701 comparison, 330836 Blake Basin, 760772, 760774 mineral chemistry, 160633 K/Ar age, 550679 boninite, 600741 mineral phases, 600624 Melanesian Basin, ash, 610637, 610639 geothermometry, 600695 mineralogy, 340218 melting, partial, 460247, 460248 mineralogy, 600691 origins, basal sediments, 340564 metalliferous sediment, Eocene-Oligocene, bulk-rock compositions, 540639, 540741 principal component, 810710 850799 California, Gulf of, gulf mouth, 650363, Rockall Plateau, 810739 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, basalt, 450496, 460316 650401, 650415 trace elements, 060840 mineral, chemical composition, sediments, carbonate, secondary, vein, 580905 geothermal systems, 330836 38S0043 Caribbean Sea, sediments, 150939 glass sediment chemistry, 38S0041 chemical composition basalt, 650479, 650482 mineral, opaque, petrology, 340358 major element, 600461 chemical variation, 510979, 510982 mineral, primary, pyroxene, 810786 metal, 571259, 571262, 571263, 571264, glass, volcanic, Mariana Trough W, 600489 mineralogy, 540766, 650418, 850796 571265 heavy metals, Cenozoic sediments, 450353 clinopyroxene, 540762, 670561 chemistry, 330835, 550685, 650418 Hess Rise, rocks, 620864 Cretaceous and Cenozoic sediments, chemistry, bulk, clinopyroxene, 630705 Hess Rise N, sedimentary sequences, 620762, 480708, 480716 clay, 860605 620763 geochemistry, 600712, 600719 trace elements, 170511, 170512, 170513 hyaloclastite, 650479 minor element clay minerals, smectite, 511269 ash, 650479 East Pacific Rise, 650613 claystone, 330833 basalt, 650479 geochemistry, 360930 goethite, 330835 glass, 650482 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 hydroxides, 330835 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements Necker Ridge, 200678 illite, 330833 geochemistry, 650631 origin montmorillonite, 330833 hygromagmaphile behavior, 540729 circulation, 330836 oxides, 330835 igneous rocks, 840948 crust, oceanic, 330836 quartz, 330833 chemical composition, 590724 Pacific Ocean silica, opaline, 330835 geochemistry, 370656, 370672 clay, 330835 claystone, radiolarian, 330833 Indian Ocean SE, sediments, 260542, 260547 guyots, 620773 clinopyroxene, crystallization, 540663 Indian Ocean W Pacific Ocean E Colon Ridge, interstitial water, 680467 basalt, 250548 modified sediments, 540331 comparisons, other volcanic provinces geochemistry, 250405, 250414 sediments, 540319 aseismic ridges, 540826 regional aspects, 250757 Pacific Ocean NW, 860657, 860658 spreading ridge, 540826 inorganic chemistry, 440576 clay, 860605 crust, oceanic, hygromagmatophile (HYG) inorganic geochemistry, 430679, 440576, Pacific Ocean SE, 920555 elements, 650623 750951 basalt, 340218, 340220 crystallization, fractional, melting, Angola Basin, 750925 Patton Escarpment, alteration, 630714 partial, 370539, 370540, 370542, 370543, Fe/Ti ratio, 430680 peridotite, spinel, 370883 370545 Hess Rise, 620692, 620693 Peter I Island, geology, 350351 diabase, trace elements, 240781 metalliferous trends, 430693 petrogenesis, modeling, 920444 dolerite, 540663, 630714 Mid-Pacific Mountains W, 620685 petrology, 740755 East Pacific Rise Mn/Ti ratio, 430680 geochemical variation, 740758 basement, 540827 Walvis Ridge, 750925 regional geochemical comparison, 740761 silicate, hydrothermal, 920375 iron-rich sediment, spreading, 330835 phenocryst, clinopyroxene, 540657 Emperor Seamounts isotopic composition Philippine Sea, lithology, 061160, 061243 mineralogy, 550469, 550472, 550473 thorium, 370608 physical properties trace elements, 550586, 550587 uranium, 370608 ash, 061243 enriched sediments, enrichment, 710400 Japan Trench, sediments, 271219, 271220, clay, 061160 factor analysis, sediment, 920368 271221, 271224, 271225, 271228, 271229, pyrite, geochemistry, 38S0767 Falkland Plateau, basement, 360896, 360897, 271230, 271234, 571213, 571219, 571251, pyroclastics, geochemistry, 260560, 260563 360904, 360905, 360910 571253, 571254, 571255, 571256 pyroxene, 600706 feldspar, 600706 Jingu Seamount, volcanics, 550685 chemical studies, 150963, 150967 ferromanganese nodules, 280750 lithologic, chemical stratigraphy, basalt, rare earth elements, 850797 geochemical history 510954 Red Sea, geochemistry, 230977, 230981 Albian, 710406 lithology, 430331, 430333, 430334, 440032, Rockall Plateau sedimentation, 710405 440033 basalt, 810803 geochemistry, 060841, 260560, 260563, low partition coefficient elements, concretion, fossil polymetallic, 810703 370696, 390477, 390490, 460316, 540766, hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 600662 sandstone 810708 magma, tectonic affinities, 810801 goethite, 330835 Titanomagnetite 827

sandstone (Cont.) 450577, 450578, 460151, 460271, 650720, Mariana Trough, 600494 illite, 330833 690712, 690713, 690715, 690716, 690719, Tonga, 600494 montmorillonite, 330833 690720, 690722, 690724, 690791, 730668, hydrothermal vein, mineralogy, 340378 oxides, 330835 730673, 730687, 730695, 730696, 820472, ilmenite, exsolution lamellae, 690709 quartz, 330833 830343, 830344, 830345, 840948 iron silica, opaline, 330835 alteration, 411107, 690705, 690707, 690708, decrease, 450579 sediment chemistry, 350427, 350434 830338, 830345 oxidation, 540875 basalt, 350437 alteration, low-temperature, oxides, 411107 Japan Trench, sediments, 271230 laterite, 550461 alteration, oxidative, 260533 Juan de Fuca Ridge, 450579 lower part, 350430 anhysteretic remanent magnetization, NRM, Layer 2 nondepositional environment, 550460 630743 bulk magnetic intensity, 830298 trace elements, 350451 basalt, altered crust, oceanic, 340764, 340767 sedimentation, geochemical aspects, 710428, crystal morphology change, 600702 lithology, 540756, 800940 710430 geochemistry, 540673, 580792, 580802, basalt, 120407 sediments, 860657, 860658 580827 mineral, opaque, 120370 Blake Basin, 760446 petrochemistry, 580792, 580802 magnetic mineralogy, oxidation, 340490 Blake Ridge, 760420 basalt, sparsely phyric magnetic oxides, petrology, 511411, 511420, serpentinite, 370563 basalt, transitional, 540624 511421, 511425, 511426, 511427 shale, black, chemical composition, 410875 ferrobasalt, tholeiitic, 540621 magnetic properties, 340774, 450399, silicate, ferruginous coating, 291065 petrology, 540628 450401, 460371, 511363 Siqueiros Fracture Zone, basalt, 540706 tholeiite, aphyric olivine-poor, 540619 Curie temperature, 460374 Southeast Pacific Basin, evolution, basement, 340278 opaque mineralogy, 460372 geologic, 350729 basalt, 340278, 42A0516 oxidation, 460372 spreading, ridge sediments, 330833, 330835 magnetic properties, 370490, 370492, oxidation states, 460371, 460374 Sr isotope, 600679 370498 saturation magnetization, 460374 trace elements, 590724 opaque mineralogy, 370857 magnetism, 430773, 430776, 460361, 540870 sulfur isotope, major element, 500678 Bermuda Rise, 511431 Curie temperatures, 370451, 370452 thermomagnetic curve, Curie temperature, basalt, 340461, 340462, 340463, 340518, ferrimagnetism, 370451, 370453 630750 340523, 511399 lattice constants, 370452 Ti/Zr ratio, 710400 basement, 510087, 511379, 511384, 511388 paramagnetism, 370451, 370453 geochemical significance, 710397, 710398 crystallization, 511044 superparamagnetism, 370451, 370454 increase, 710400 oxygen, 511177, 511180 Mariana Trough, basalt, 600650 trace elements, 370569, 650594, 670563, Bermuda Triangle, basalt, 511363 Mendoza Rise 850785, 850789 Blake Basin, 760687, 760689, 760713 basalt, 920459 calcium, 850786 cation, deficiency, 340358 lithology, 920436 classification, 370567 chemical composition, 590720, 590724, petrology, 920613 distribution, 42A0504 690716, 690719, 690720, 690722, 690724 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 450575, 450577 East Pacific Rise, 650613 chemistry, 340378 basalt, 280869, 490781, 490801, 490805 geochemistry, 370573, 370574, 650628 claystone, basalt, 550707 magnetic observations, 490807 partitioning, 850796 Cocos Plate, basalt, 660703 Middle America Trench, 670578 transition elements, 920495 coercive force, 690723 midocean ridge, 820402 volcanic sediment composition, 830339, 830352 mineral, chemical composition, 660713 chemistry, 330796 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830150 mineral chemistry, 450469, 460154, 550608, primary volcanic material, 901181 basalt, 830222, 830223, 830230, 830254, 550615, 550617, 550623, 550626, 550627, Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740755, 740758, 740761 830257, 830259, 830283, 830284 550629, 550631, 550632, 550635 weathering, submarine, 330836 stockwork-like zone, 830268 basalt, 340227 zoning, 370883, 450582 crystallization, 460271, 460274, 460280, cooling, 450470 titanium minerals 690720, 830339, 830345 other phases, 920440 basement, geochemistry, 590746, 590751 kinetics theory, 460278 mineral composition, 340227, 340269, 38SOO31 Cenozoic sediments, mineral composition, Curie temperature, 450576, 450579, 690723, ocean basin, 42A0516 42B0422 690724 mineral, opaque, 450409, 450557, 511431, titanomaghemite, 540873, 650730, 690715, mineral composition, 370452 511432, 511434, 511436 830339, 830343 East Pacific Rise, 540870 petrology, 340349, 340352, 340353, basalt, 690707, 690709 basalt, 540405, 540406 340356, 340357, 340358, 340359 Fe-Ti oxide, 550639, 550640, 550641, composition, 540842 mineral, primary, iron-titanium oxide, 550651 lithology, 920438 810787 opaque mineralogy, 450409, 450410 electron microprobe analyses, 920484 mineral, secondary, 340406, 430418 basalt, altered, B201286, 511407 Emperor Seamounts mineralogy, 291103, 291104, 300402, 300404, Bermuda Rise, basalt, 511399 petrology, 550511, 550516, 550522 340269, 42A0516, 460154, 460371, 460372, East Pacific Rise, basalt, 540406 trace elements, 550586, 550587 460374, 291103, 291104, 511101, 511104, Emperor Seamounts, petrology, 550516 Falkland Plateau, basement, 360894, 360904 540698, 540700 igneous rocks, magnetic properties, 450401 FAMOUS area, paleomagnetic field intensity, basalt, nonvesicular, 220425 inversion, 830341, 830345 370461 lithology, 810784 magnetic oxides, petrology, 511427 Fe-Ti oxide, 550639, 550641, 550644, primary mineralogy, 600718 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, basalt, 280870 550649, 550651 spinel, 800940 mineral, opaque, 450409 FeO, 450577 MORB, comparisons, 920468 Mossbauer spectroscopy study, 950642, 950645 FeO/TiO2 ratio, decrease, 450579 Mossbauer spectroscopy study, 950642 opaque mineralogy, 450409, 450410, 450412 ferrobasalt, 820404 Nazca Plate, 450575 titanomagnetite, 450409 East Pacific Rise, 540837 ocean basin, mineralogy, 42A0516 oxidation effects, 620987 flow, 730687 opaque mineralogy, 260533, 450409, 450410, thermomagnetic curve, Curie temperature, gabbro, 300410 450412 630749 mineralogy, 300410 titanomaghemite, 450409 titanomagnetite, 260533, 291103, 291104, Galapagos Fracture Zone, 540870 oxidation, 340485, 540873, 690719, 690723, 300402, 300404, 300410, 340227, 340263, Galapagos Spreading center, basalt, 700438 690724, 830334, 830335, 830339, 830345, 340271, 340272, 340273, 340278, 340349, geochemistry, mineral chemistry, 160633 830355, 920481 370450, 370857, 411107, 450575, 450576, glass, volcanic iron, 540875 828 Titanomagnetite

oxidation effects, 620987 TOC. See carbon, organic Tokyo, 060010, 060633, 560404 oxidation, low-temperature, 450579 Tocantins River, 140856 Emperor Seamounts, 200700 oxidized phases, 450576 Toco Formation, 110570 Tolbachik River, 550852 Pacific Ocean, basalt, 340485 todorokite toluene Pacific Ocean SE, basalt, 340246 alteration, mineralogy, 460310 hydrocarbon, 220673, 241165 Paleomagnetism, 160642, 42A0881, 42A0882, alteration, low-temperature, 340415 low molecular weight, 711035, 711040 42A0883 mineral, secondary, 460310 hydrocarbon, CrC7, 42B0673, 500623 pebbles, petrography alteration, nonoxidative, 340415 volatile organic compounds, 571350, petrogenesis, modeling, 920443, 920444 Atlantic continental margin, mineralogy, 571351, 571353, 571355 petrography, 340349, 540698, 540700, 110784 hydrocarbon, Cj-Cg 670578, 920468, 920469 basalt, mineral, secondary, 340413 Baja California, 640763 alteration, 340353, 340358 clay minerals, hydrothermal mounds, 700225 generation, 640777 crystallization, 340349 Emperor Seamounts, mineralogy, 550468, Guaymas Basin, 640765 petrography of opaque phases, 340349, 340358 550472 Patton Escarpment, 630779 petrology, 160633, 340227, 450469, 450470, Galapagos Fracture Zone, East Pacific Rise, hydrocarbon, light, 38S0649 540794, 580845, 580847, 580848, 590670, 540405 kerogen, 220673, 241165 590673 Galapagos Islands, hydrothermal mounds, Mazagan Escarpment, 790745, 790752 East Pacific Rise, 540637 700201 Mazagan Plateau, 790740, 790752 igneous rocks, 340349, 340358 Galapagos Spreading center, 540377 organic geochemistry, Guaymas Basin, 640943 ilmenite, 540801 sediment classification, 540323 sediments, Blake Ridge, 760383 mineralogy, 540800 geochemistry, 540372 shipboard contamination, acetone, 711043 OCP Ridge, 540637 hydrothermal deposits tetrapyrrole, geochemistry, 630787, 630805, Siqueiros Fracture Zone, 540638 Galapagos Spreading center, 700236, 700250 640810 sulfide, 540802 manganese hydroxide, 700253 Vigo Seamount, hydrocarbon, C2-C?, 47B0561 phase chemistry, 460154 lithology, Cretaceous-Eocene, 110225 toluene/benzene ratio, hydrocarbon, Cj-C7, petrology, 340246 metalliferous sediment, mineralogy, 340787 42B0673 pyroxene, 590694, 590696, 590697, 590698, mineral, secondary, 460310 toluene/heptane ratio, hydrocarbon, low 590699, 590703, 590705 diagenesis, nonoxidative, 340415 molecular weight, 711035 Reykjanes Ridge, magnetic observations, mineralization, secondary, mineralogy, Toms Canyon, 950155 490807 540810 tonalite saturation remanent magnetization, 630746 mineralogic facies comparison, manganese gabbro Shikoku Basin, basalt, 580895 oxide, 810708 mineralogy, 600590 sill, chemistry, 300402, 300404 mineralogy, 850782 petrography, 600590 Siqueiros Fracture Zone, basalt, hydrothermal environment, 540346 petrography, 600581 porphyritic, 540611 Pacific Ocean N, 540346 polymict breccia, clast, 600649 spreading center, ore minerals, 540789 Mounds, nontronite, 540384 Tonga, 600488, 600721, 901153 Sr isotope, 590720 Mounds Hydrothermal Field, chemistry, 540408 basalt, island arc, 670581 trace elements, 590724 Pacific Ocean SE, mineralogy, 920394 Chatham Rise, seismic stratigraphy, 901326 stoichiometric, 690723, 830335, 830339 Rockall Plateau, concretion, fossil glass, volcanic subspherulitic intergrowths, 291103 polymetallic, 810703, 810705, 810706 island arc, 600492, 600493, 600494 thermomagnetic curve, Curie temperature, Tofino Bank, 131420 Mariana Trough, 600494 630749 Tohoku Arc volcanic, 600488 thermomagnetic properties, 830341, 830352 ash Indian Ocean S, geologic history, 260937 tholeiite uplifting, 870685 island arc, 070079, 150217, 220463, 260937, crystallization, 600705 volcanism, acidic, 870684 300629, 590656, 590657, 600488, 600492, magmatism, 540715 volcanism, andesitic, 870684 600722 mineralogy, 340269 volcanism, explosive, 870681 active island arc, 561008 tholeiite, depleted, geochemistry, 810784 evolution model, slab, 870714 Kermadec Islands, 060686, 210488, 210898, Ti/Fe ratio, 690715, 690719, 690725 glass, volcanic 590794 volcanic rocks, ages, 550661 chemical composition, 870713 lavas, 670570 volcanics, Pacific Ocean C, 291103, 291104 petrology, 870711 Lord Howe Rise, pale green laminae, 901156, Voring Plateau, mineral composition, 38SOO31 Japan Trench, geology, 870704, 870707 901157 titanomagnetite, chromium, basalt, mineral metal deposit, origin, 870714 Pacific Ocean SW chemistry, 550621, 550622, 550629, Mizuho Orogeny, 870714 Eastern Marginal Basin Province, 210898, 550630, 550633 morphology, 870713 210904 titanomagnetite, stoichiometric oil, 870714 island arcs, 300702 basalt, 830335, 830339 orogenic history, 870714 regional evolution, 210900 basement, magnetic properties, 370499 sea level, eustatic, 870714 rare earth elements, tuff, 590656 magnetic oxides, petrology, 511423, 511427 subduction, 870714 ridges, 210061 titanomagnetite, Ti-poor tectonics, 870716 Kermadec Islands, 210897, 210900 magnetic oxides, petrology, 511426, 511427 volcanism, 870714, 870715, 870716 South Fiji Basin, history, 300629 thermomagnetic curve, Curie temperature, volcanism, explosive, Neogene, 870703, tephra, source, 901153 630749 870716, 870718 tholeiite, island arc, 670570 titanosalite, basalt, petrology, 580852 Tohoku Island, 560457, 870270, 870555 volcanic components, island arc, 210488 Tjornes, glaciation, Pliocene-Pleistocene, arc, 560449, 560457, 560565 volcanics, fore arc, 600721 120962 coast, 560449 Tonga Ridge, 151001, 210005, 210017, 210057, Tjornes Fracture Zone, 380748, 380752 continental slope, 560054 210488, 210646, 300005, 300007, 300028 Tobago, 151105, 780030, 780031, 780385 offshore, 560451 Kermadec Ridge, 210897, 210900, 600602 volcanic sequence, 780025 Tokai Basin, 870046, 870054 Lau Ridge, 210061, 300625, 300630, 300702 Tobago Basin, 780025, 780079, 780302, 780313, detrital modal analysis, turbidites, 870624 lithology, 210021 780320, 780567, 780569, 780603 mud, 870913 geologic events, 210038, 210061 accretion, 780036 Nankai Trough, turbidite, 870913 Pacific Ocean SW deformation, 780031 source, 870924 Cenozoic, 300667 forearc basins, 780036 Tokelau Islands, 071172, 071265, 330744 island arcs, 300702 origin, 780031 Tokomuro Formation, 870426 Kermadec Ridge, 210897 sedimentation, 780006 Tokoro belt, 560474 regional evolution, 210900 Trace elements 829

Pacific Ocean W, volcanic rocks, 210488 mineral, terrigenous, 42B0654 volcano, 870272 South Fiji Basin sediments, 42B0378 Tower Island. See Isla de los Estados geology, 300619, 300625, 300627 California, Gulf of, gulf mouth, 650363 Townsville Trough history, 300630 caprock lithology, 210345 volcanic components, 210488 Palynology, 010438 Pacific Ocean SW, Western Marginal Basin Tonga Trench, 210033, 210038, 210041, 210481, petrology, 010438 Province, 210903 210644, 210888, 210897, 291157, 300003, Caribbean Sea, sediments, 150937 Toyama Bay, fan, submarine, deposits, 310489 300005, 300631, 300698, 300703, 350266, Cenozoic sediments Toyama Seachannel 390903, 901157, 910186, 910207, 910216, lithology, mineralogy, geochemistry, lithology, 310411 910271, 910437, 910475, 920520 450326, 450330 physical properties, 310553 Eastern Marginal Basin Province, 210904 mineral composition, 42B0418, 42B0423 fan, submarine, 310553 geothermal measurements, 210455 continental margin sediments, petrology, Toyama Trough island arcs, 300698, 300703 280736 fan, submarine Kermadec Trench, 920520 detrital to biogenic sediment trends, bedding, graded, 310490 lithology, 210041 mineral, heavy, 291074 clay, 310490 geologic events, 210038 Falkland Plateau, basement, 360893, 360895, deposition, 310489 Mariana Islands, island arc, 060682 360905, 360906, 360907, 360910 foreset bedding, 310494 Pacific Plate, 210897, 210904 Falkland Plateau E, sedimentation, 360877, lamination, parallel, 310490 South Fiji Basin, history, 300631 360880 planktonic fossils, 310494 Tongue of the Ocean, 110009, 110817 flysch, 500752 Pleistocene to Recent, 310495 Bahama Islands, geology, 110886, 110887, Ganges Fan, sand, 220711 sand, 310490 110888 gneiss, mineral composition, 360895, 360905 silt, 310490 Blake Basin, Providence Channel NW, 440181 Indian Ocean E, abyssal plain sediment, turbidites, 310490, 310494 Mexico, Gulf of, sediment compared, 770402 271007 volcaniclastics, 310490 Toolonga calcilutite, 220808 Indian Ocean NW, grain size, 250417, lithology, fan, submarine, 310361, 310362, topaz 250422, 250423 310406 Atlantic Ocean NC, Mesozoic sequences, Indian Ocean W, regional aspects, 250754, Neogene diatoms, 310783 411006 250755, 250757 Pleistocene, Pliocene foraminifers, 310696 Falkland Plateau, basement, 360895 lithology, 040081, 040098, 100126, 150279, trace elements, 180935, 180936, 180937, lithology 220196, 220326, 250072, 250265, 280219, 180938, 180940, 180942, 220469, 270481, clay, zeolitic, 140185 280370, 290275, 390033, 400043, 400048, 270482, 270489, 270553, 270555, 270556, sand, arkosic, 140185 400049, 400198, 400205, 440032, 480179, 300414, 340218, 340220, 340221, 340239, mineral, heavy, Arabian Sea, 230498 500129 340240, 340242, 340277, 340289, 340293, ore, deposit, 540802 clay, red, 120683 370567, 370581, 411103, 42A0509, Tore-Madeira Rise. See Madeira Ridge clay, zeolitic, 140185 42A0517, 42A0519, 440557, 440559, Toro, 330750 mineral, heavy, 100092 440562, 450541, 450542, 450545, 460241, Torres Arch, 400006 oozes, 120683 460242, 460244, 490598, 490602, 490618, Torres syncline, Brazil, 750539 sand, 100121 490622, 490897, 511087, 540738, 550585, Torres Vedras, 131079 sand, arkosic, 140185 590653, 590673, 650564, 650570, 650593, Tors Cove, 120038, 120055 sphene, 400047 650594, 660731, 670563, 690747, 690749, Tortonian Sea, 42A0938, 42A1084 turbidites, 120261, 120683 690754, 800943, 801055, 810787, 810788, Tortonian/Messinian boundary, 42A0936 Mediterranean Sea, lithostratigraphy, 131033 820466, 830130, 850785, 850786, 850789, Tortuga Island, 150169, 150554, 640632, mineral, chemical composition, sediments, 850790, 920439, 920440, 920471, 920493 640645, 640711 mineral distribution, 38S0032 abundances, 370582 California, Gulf of, Guaymas Basin, 650618, mineral composition, gneiss, 360895, 360906 abyssal plain, inorganic geochemistry, 650619 mineral, heavy 801074 geochemistry, Guaymas Basin, 640711 Arabian Sea, 230498 Aden, Gulf of, diabase, 240871 Tortuga Island, Chile, 640633, 650619 Argo Plain, 270524 Al, distribution correspondence, 850789 Tortugas Formation, Baja California, 630584 Cuvier Plain, 270524, 270525 A12O3, 650569 Tosa Basin, 870005 Indian Ocean S, 270523, 270524, 270525, Al, 42A0504 accretionary prism, thrust types, 870947 270526 Alboran Basin, basement, 130762 Nankai Trough, geologic setting, 870910 Timor Trough, 270524 Alboran Plain, Alboran Basin W, 130762 Tosa Terrace, 870037, 870054 mineralogy, basement, 291118 alkali element, differences, 660732 accretionary prism Mississippi Fan, sediment, 960432 alteration, 370569, 511087, 511088, 511092, faulting, 870953 oil 670564, 670566, 690748, 690753 thrust types, 870947 Palynology, 010438 alkali metal, 670567 velocity distribution, 870950 petrology, 010438 basalt, 370563 Tosco-Abreojos Fault Zone, 630955, 641089, ooze, calcareous, ooze, nannofossil, 271008 calcium depletion, 670567 641285 palynological residue, crystals, effect, 660732 Baja California S crystalline debris, size, 640739 element, alkaline, 670566 movement, 630954 petrology, sand, 960499 high temperature seawater interaction, tectonics, 630957 Rockall Plateau, Paleogene sediments, 810653 670567 California, offshore, Ross Sea, basement, 280866, 280867 hydrothermal fields, 670567 63090074Tosco-Abreojos Fault Zone sediment composition magma, 670564 petroleum generating potential, Magdalena sand, 960479 manganese, 670567 Fan, 630958 silt, 960479 mid ocean ridges, temperatures, 670567 tourmaline sedimentology, Mexico, Gulf of, 100709 mineral, 950491 Atlantic Ocean silicate, 010543 mineralogy, 370800, 370802 geochemistry, 47B0432 South Fiji Basin, history, 300629 sulfide, 670567 mineralogy, 47B0432 terrigenous minerals, mineralogy, 250436, tholeiite, 670564, 670567 Atlantic Ocean NC, Mesozoic sequences, 250437 zinc, 670567 411006 turbidites, bedding, graded, 250444 alteration, low-temperature, mineralogy, basement Wharton Basin, sand, 220711 370800, 370802 gneiss, 360895 Tournon, France, 131252 alteration minerals, chemistry, 920491, mineralogy, 291118 Towada 920495, 920496, 920497 Black Sea ash, tephra, 870707 aluminosilicate, 850785, 850786, 850790 830 Trace elements

amphibolite, stabilization, 220449 evolutionary history, 340289 spinel, 510988 andesite, 180937, 180938, 600657 geochemistry, 340218, 340220, 340221, stabilization, 220449, 220450 andesite, alkalic, 180937, 180938 370705, 370740, 370800, 370802, 42A0510, tholeiite, 510996 stabilization, 220449, 220450 42A0511, 42A0512, 42A0517, 42A0519, TiO2, 510997 Angola Basin 460089, 490609, 490623, 540768, 550599, variations, 580873 geologic evolution, 750523 550601, 550602, 550603, 550604, 550605, water content, 450542 petrochemistry, 751101 590754, 590758, 590759, 590760, 590761, weathering, 340291 anhydrite, 42A0506 590769, 590773, 590774, 590781, 690747, yttrium, 370567 aphyric petrography, 650569 690749, 690751, 690754, 690765, 690768, zeolite, 510988 As, 42A0504 690796, 720451, 740739, 810795, 820449 basalt, alkali, 550585, 920440 ash, Valencia Trough, 130772 glass, 180936, 600604, 600607, 820511 Emperor Seamounts, 550585 Atlantic continental margin granitophile, 370563 stabilization, 220449, 220450 carbonate, 440557 Hayes Fracture Zone, 820497, 820499 basalt, alkali andesine, 180943, 180945 interstitial water chemistry, 050516, Hess Rise, 621039 basalt, altered 140763 HREE, 510998 alkali contents, 580892 Atlantic Ocean, 450493 Indian Ocean W, 240781, 240871 alteration, 580875 basalt, 370563, 450493 iron, 510997 Azores, 580892 basalt, altered, 370795 K2O, 510988, 510996 basalt, alkali tholeiitic, 580873, igneous rock, 370573 Kapingamarangi Rise, 610689 580874, 580875, 580876, 580877, 580878, MORB, 920440 LIL element, 510996, 510999 580881 serpentine, 370563 magma, 510998, 830207 basalt, aluminum, 580875, 580892 Atlantic Ocean N, alteration, 511087 magmatic affinities, 810790, 810792, Bonin Islands, 580873 Atlantic Ocean NC, 820035 810793 Bransfield Strait, 580874 basalt, 820035, 820449, 820501 magmatism, 510999 calc-alkaline lavas, 580874 Atlantic Ocean NE major oxides, 510996 Ce, 580875 basalt, 810795 mantle, 820511, 820514 cesium, 580875 carbonate, 801055 Melanesian Basin, 610689, 610705, 610706, chondrite, 580874 Atlantic Ocean SE, Cretaceous, 740776 610707 chromium, 580875 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 361004 Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratio, 510998, 510999 classification, 540685 Atlantic Ocean W, basalt, 511087 MgO, 510997 cobalt, 580875 attapulgite, 42A0506 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 370581, 370707, continental margins, proximity, 580874 augite, 370569 820422, 820423, 820424, 820425, 820426, crust, continental, 580892 B, 42A0493, 850785, 850789, 920491 820427, 820429, 820431, 820501, 820502, crust, oceanic, 580873 Ba, 370581, 650594, 810788, 850785 820504, 820505, 820506 crystal fractionation, 580892 discrete mineral phase, 850789 midocean ridge, 820396, 820397, 820412, Daito Basin, 580875, 580881, 580882, Barbados Ridge 820415, 820416, 820418, 820449, 820451, 580883, 580892 basalt, 780395, 780403 820452, 820454, 820457 Daito Ridge, 580875 crust, oceanic, 780399 mineral chemistry, 550608 europium, 580875 basal metalliferous sediments, formation mineralogy, 540768 extensional areas, formation, 580873 hypothesis, 850790 minor element, 490659, 490685 Fe, total, 580875 basalt, 270553, 270555, 270556, 270558, Na2O, 510998 FeO, 580875, 580892 300414, 340289, 340293, 370581, 370582, nickel, 510997, 510999 gallium, 580875 450493, 450545, 460181, 460241, 460244, normative ratio, 510997 geochemistry, 540671, 580806, 580807, 460293, 510987, 510988, 510994, 510996, ocean floor, 510987 580808, 580810, 580811, 580819, 580822, 510999, 650570, 660732, 810755, 810771, ocean ridge, 370582 580828 810896, 820472, 820497 olivine, 510988, 510996, 510999 hafnium, 580875 Aden, Gulf of, 240781, 240871 oxidation, 510988 Hakone Volcano, 580875 alteration, 810788 Pacific Ocean, 340289 Honshu, 580875 An, 510997 Pb isotope, 820499 hot spot, 580873 Atlantic Ocean, 650575 peridotite, 510998 hydrothermal alteration, 580875 Atlantic Ocean NC, 820035, 820501 petrochemistry, 270553, 270554, 270555, hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 580873, Barbados Ridge, 780395, 780403 270556 580874, 580875, 580892 basalt, altered, 510987, 510988 petrogenesis, 370707 hypersthene, 580875 basement, 270553, 270555, 270558, 510987 petrology, 180935, 180937, 180938, iron, 580874 breccia, 510987 180940, 180942, 180943, 180945, 220459, island arcs, affinities, 580892 calcite, 510988 260472, 260483, 340190, 340239, 340277, island arcs, proximity, 580874, 580892 California, Gulf of, 650591 42A0512, 460089, 460181, 460186, 580856, Iwo Jima, 580873 CaO, 510988, 510997 580862, 590673 Iwo Jima Ridge, 580875 chemical composition, 411108, 411109 phenocryst, 510988 Izu, 580875 chemical variation, 510994 Philippine Sea, 580873 Japan, 580874, 580883, 580884, 580885, chemistry, 300412, 300414, 340190, pillow, 411107, 411108, 460293, 510987 580887, 580888, 580889, 580892 340240, 340242, 340277, 450447, 460181, plagioclase, 370737, 370741, 510988, K, 580874, 580875, 580892 460186, 510989, 510991, 510993, 540674, 510997, 510999 labradorite, 580875 540682, 690775, 820035, 820037, 820038, potassium, 510999 Lau Basin, 580873 920472, 920476, 920478 potassium-argon age, 42A0533 magma, 580892 chondritic value, 660732 pyrite, 510988 mantle, 580892 chromium, 510997 pyroclastics, 260563 Mariana Basin, 580873 clinopyroxene, 510988 pyroxene, 510998 Mariana Trough, 580873 composition, 340239 quartz, 510997 melt, 580892 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830153, 830155, rare earth elements, 510998, 510999 Mg/Fe ratio, 580874 830161, 830201, 830205, 830212 rare earth elements, light, 510996, MgO, 580875, 580892 Cretaceous, 511087, 511088, 511092 510999, 810789 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 580892 crystallization, liquid, 660732 sediments, 510987 MORB, 580873, 580892 dolerite, 510999 silicate, 450452 neodymium, 580873 eruption, 340289 sill, 270553, 270555, 270556, 270558 nickel, 580875 europium, 510998 smectite, 510988 niobium, 580875, 580892 Trace elements 831 basalt (Cont.) magma, 650632 lead, 860555 Oki Archipelago, 580875, 580892 CaO, 370569 manganese, 170511, 170512, 170513 Oshima, 580875 carbon isotope, 480727 nickel, 170511, 170512, 170513, 860555 Pb isotope, 580873 carbon, organic, geochemistry, 750828, Pacific Ocean N, 170511 petrogenesis, 580889, 580890, 580891, 750829, 750830, 750831, 750833, 750834 palagonite, 170512 580892 carbonate, 42A0506, 440557, 440559, 440562, strontium, 860555 Philippine Sea N, 580873, 580892 460241, 460247, 801055, 860517 titanium, 170511, 170512, 170513 radiogenic isotope, 580874 Atlantic Ocean NE, 801055 V, 170511, 170512, 170513, 270482, 270494 Rb, 580875 crust, continental, 801070 volcanic material, 170512 REE, 580874, 580892 crust, oceanic, 801070 zirconium, 860555 Reykjanes Ridge, 580892 diagenesis, 801070 clay, green scandium, 580875 geochemistry, 720399, 860513 distribution, 700218 Scotia Sea E, 580873 Goban Spur, 801055 Galapagos Hydrothermal Mounds, 700218 Shikoku Basin, 580874, 580875, 580881, hydrothermal activity, 801070 geochemistry, 700220 580882, 580883, 580892 isotopes, 480727, 480729, 480731 clay mineralogy, 960733 Sr isotope, 580873 magnesium, 801070 clay minerals, 450543 strontium, 580875 Mid-Atlantic Ridge E, 460241 chemical analysis, 960695 tantalum, 580875, 580892 redox state factor, 801071 claystone, basalt, 550707 tectonic conditions, 580874, 580892 ridge distance, 801071 clinopyroxene, 370582, 650566, 650570 terbium, 580875 sedimentation rate, 801070 chromium, 450548 Th/La ratio, 580892 Sr, 801070 Co, 450548 Th/V ratio, 580873 Ce, 370581, 650593, 650594, 850785, 850789 europium, 450548 tholeiite, 580873, 580874, 580892 Cenozoic-Mesozoic differences, 270482 iron, 450548 thorium, 580875, 580892 cesium, 511087, 650594, 660732, 810788 rare earth elements, 450548 TiO2, 580875, 580892 chemical analyses, 600604 samarium, 450548 titanium, 580874 chemical composition scandium, 450548 uranium, 580875 calc-alkaline suites, 600461 Co, 370581, 370582, 450545, 511087, 660731, yttrium, 580875 Mariana Trench, 600461 850785, 850789 zeolite, 370795 metal, 571263 magnetite, 370568 zinc, 580875 REE, 600461 mineral, ferromagnesian, 370568 zirconium, 580875 volcaniclastic products, origin, nature, varying origin, 370568 basalt, aphyric, Cretaceous, 511087, 600461 Cocos Plate 511088, 511092 chemical type, 650566 basalt, 660731 basalt, holocrystalline, 370569 chemistry, 220449, 260472, 260483, 360896, geochemistry, 660683 basalt, midocean ridge, 820041 511021, 600583, 600585, 650419 lavas, 660732 basalt, oceanic alteration, 950491 tholeiite, 660732 Melanesian Basin, 610662 B, 920491 compatible elements, 650566 petrochemistry, 610642 basalt, 260472, 260483, 270553, 270555, cooling unit, 460293 basalt, plagioclase, geochemistry, 370737, 270556, 270558, 411108 chemistry, 511033 370741 cooling unit, 511033 copper, 370581, 370582, 650564, 850785, basalt, plagioclase phyric, 650569 glass, 950570 850789 basaltic phase equilibria, 650570 gneiss, 360897 Costa Rica Rift basement, 180936, 180937, 180938, 180942, Li, 920491 basalt, 690747, 690775, 810788 340277 microsyenite, 360902 waters, 690486 Alboran Basin W, 130762 pegmatite, 360902 Costa Rica Rift Zone, stockwork-like zone, basalt, 260472, 260483, 340277, 390514, stabilization, 220449, 220450 830271 42A0510, 42A0511, 42A0512, 42A0517, chemistry, bulk, 630705 Cr, 660732 42A0519, 490607, 490609, 490618, 490622, chert Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, 860513, 860517 490633, 511087 geochemistry, 620728 carbonate, 720402 geochemistry, 590743, 590747, 590750, oxygen isotope, 620750 clay minerals, 720403 600654, 600655, 690749, 690751, 690754, petrology, 620728 Cr, 720403 690777, 690779, 920479 chondrite-normalized patterns, 370582, Fe, 720403 least-altered rocks, 920472 460243 Gubbio, 720402 petrochemistry, 270553, 270554, 270555, chrome spinel, 810788 magnesium, 720402 270556, 270558 chromium, 42A0493, 370581, 370582, 450545, manganese, 720403 petrography, 600654, 600655 460243, 650564, 810788, 850785, 850789 mineralogy, 620851 petrology, 370695 classification, 690758 nickel, 720403 Bauer Basin, sediment, 850794 alteration, 370567 potassium, 720403 Bermuda Rise crystallization, fractional, 370567 Sr, 720402 geochemistry, 511138, 511139, 511140, large ion lithophile elements (LIL), crust, 511087 511141, 511142, 511143 690751, 690755 crust, oceanic, 820497 86Sr/87Sr ratio, 511137 major element/trace element ratio, 370567 Barbados Ridge, 780399 Bermuda Rise Formation, 760775 melting, partial, 370567 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830185 bimodally distributed elements, 850785 clay, 42A0493 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 650623 Blake Basin, 760772, 760774 chemistry, 860555 crystallization, ferromagnesium mineral, Blake Ridge Formation, 760775 chert, 170512 660732 boninite, 600741 chert, zeolitic, 170513 crystallization, cotectic, 650570 Ti/Zr ratio, 600741 chromium, 170511, 170512, 170513 crystallization, fractional, 370581, boron, 920493 clinoptilolite, 170512, 170513 370582, 460247, 650566, 650570, 660732 calcium, negative correlation, 850786 Co, 860555 derived liquids, 810788 California, Gulf of, 640597 copper, 860555 cyclic eruptive pattern, 650570 accretion, 650575 cristobalite, 170511, 170513 Danian, 860518 basalt, 650559, 650632 current, submarine, 170513 deep sea sediment, geochemistry, 870643 Guaymas Basin, 650619 dissolution, 170512 deposition, models, 750840, 960739 gulf mouth, 650404, 650406, 650407, eolian contribution, 170513 deuterium, 450543 650410, 650416 feldspar, 170513 diabase 832 Trace elements

diabase (Cont.) ankarenite, 550585 bulk rock geochemistry, 930693 Aden, Gulf of, 240871 basalt, alkali, 550585 California Continental Borderland, 630693 anorthosite, 240785 crystallization, fractional, 550586 CaO, 630694 augite, 240784, 240785 fractionation, 550585, 550587 carbonate, 720829 Ba, 240781, 240784 hawaiite, 550585 Ce, 370573 chromium, 240784, 240785 magmatism, 550585 celestobarite, 060840 Co, 240784 mantle, 550585, 550586, 550587 cesium, 060840 copper, 240784 melting, partial, 550586 chemical analyses, 620851 gallium, 240785 mineralogy, 550468, 550470 chromium, 060840, 220459, 370573, 630694, Indian Ocean W, 240871 Nintoku Seamount, 550585 650624 iron, 240785 oceanite, 550585 claystone, red variegated, 440508 iron oxide, 240781 Ojin Seamount, 550585 clinopyroxene, 650624, 650628 lead, 240781 petrologic classification, 550587 Co, 220459, 370573 nickel, 240784 petrology, 550536 common parent magma derivation, 630694 olivine, 240781, 240785 physiochemical properties, 550585, 550586 copper, 220459, 630694 scandium, 240785 Suiko Seamount, 550585 crystallization, fractional, 370575 sill, 240784 tantalum, 550586 differentiation, 370575 stabilization, 220449 tholeiite, 550585 East Pacific Rise, 650624, 930693 titanium, 240781 titanium, 550587 europium, 370573, 370575 V, 240785 titanomagnetite, 550587 Falkland Plateau, 710391 ytterbium, 240785 transition elements, 550587 fractionation, 650624, 650628 yttrium, 240785 V, 550587 gabbro, 370573, 370574, 370575 zirconium, 240784 Eocene-Oligocene deposits, origin gadolinium, 370573 diagenesis, 860517 framework, 850791 Galapagos Spreading center, 930693 Cretaceous talus, 770397 eruption, tectonic conditions, 340289 gallium, 220459 dispersed elements, 370581 eucrite, geochemistry, 370741 genetic implications, 370573 distribution patterns, 370582 europium, 511087, 650594 glass, 930693 dolerite, 450545 anomaly, 370581, 370582, 460243 hafnium, 370573 East Mariana Basin, geochemistry, 890418 negative anomaly, 920440 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 650628 East Pacific Rise, 540638 exchange, 370569 igneous rocks, 370735, 370741 accretion, 650575 Falkland Plateau, 710391 Indian Ocean E, 270481 alteration, 650594 FAMOUS area, basalt, 460247 iron, 060840 Ba, 650594 Fe, 660731 iron enrichment, 930693 Ba/Zr ratio, 650594 ferrobasalt, 920440 Juan de Fuca Ridge, 930693 basalt, 650570, 650594, 650601, 650603, ferromanganese kaolinite, 060840 650606, 650608, 650609, 650610, 650611, comparable mineralogies, 850790 lanthanum, 370573 650612, 650613, 650614 diagenetic history, 850790 layered oceanic complex, 370575 Ce/Yb ratio, 650596 group distribution, 850785 Li, 220459 chemical type, 650594 flow, chemical composition, 411108 limestone, red, 440505 clinopyroxene, 650603 flow unit, 340220 liquid descent line, 630694 composition, 540839 chemistry, 511033 lithium, 060840 cooling unit, 650594 geochemistry, 490607 lutetium, 370573 crystallization, fractional, 650601, fluorine, 460243 magma, 370573, 370575, 370661, 370672, 650602 fractionation, 650570, 690754, 690759, 370674, 870699 fractionation relationship, 650596 690760 magma chamber, 650628 Galapagos Spreading center, 650602 chemistry, 460181, 460186 major element, 630694 glass, 650594 closed system, 690759 major oxides, 540359 Guaymas Basin, 650596 magma, 690760 manganese, 060840 hiatus, 650594 open-system, 690760 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 650628 hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 650594, fractionation series, 650570 mineral, ferromagnesian, 650624 650603 gabbro, geochemistry, 370741 molybdenum, 060840, 220459 incompatible element ratios, 650603 Galapagos Fracture Zone, East Pacific Rise, montmorillonite, 060840 K, 650594 540400 natrium, 060840 labradorite, 650596 Galapagos Hydrothermal Mounds, sediments, neodymium, 370573 large ion lithophile elements (LIL), 850791 nickel, 220459, 630694, 650624 650597 Galapagos Spreading center ocean floor, 370573 magmatism, 810790 basalt, 540738, 540756, 700411, 700412, olivine, 370575, 650624, 650628 mantle, 810790 700415 oxide, element variations, 930694 melting, partial, 650601 ferrobasalt, 920440 peridotite, 370573, 370575 MORB, 650601 gallium, 42A0504 petrogenesis, 370575 Nazca Plate, 650594 geochemical component grouping phillipsite, 060840 niobium, 650594 concentration differences, 801077 plutonic rock, 370575 olivine, 650594 enrichment, 801077 potassium, 060840 plagioclase, 650596 precipitation, 801077 primitive liquid composition, 650624, rare earth elements, light, 650594 transport, 801077 650625 Rb, 650594 geochemical history, sedimentation, 710423 rare earth elements, 220459, 370573, Reykjanes Ridge, 650603 geochemistry 370575 smectite, 650594 accumulates, 370575 Rockall Plateau, 810795 Sr/Zr ratio, 650596 andesite, high-Mg, 600624 rubidium, 060840 strontium, 650596 Atlantic Ocean, 930693 samarium, 370573 submarine flows, 650594 B, 220459 scandium, 220459, 370573 tantalum, 650594 Ba, 220459 smectite, 930693 tholeiite, olivine, 650594 basalt, 370573, 370574, 370575, 380719, spinel, 650624, 650628 thorium, 650594 930693 strontium, 220459, 630694 zirconium, 650598 basalt peridotite, 370573 terbium, 370573 Emperor Seamounts boninite, 600624 tholeiite, 930693 Trace elements 833 geochemistry (Cont.) geochemistry, 270481 low Zr types, 370569 thorium, 370573 Indian Ocean W LREE, enrichment, 920440 three-phase saturation, low pressures, basalt, 240781, 240871 mafic phases, 650569, 650570 930693 diabase, 240871 magma, 370661, 370672, 370674 titanium, 060840, 650628 inorganic geochemistry, 620685, 801073, California, Gulf of, 650575 tuff, 260563 960738 emplacement, 650575 ultramafic rocks, 370573, 370575 Angola Basin, 750929 evolution, 340289 uranium, 220459 chromium, 430682 mixing, 540063, 650569, 650570 V, 220459, 260563, 370695, 540372, Co, 430682 phenocryst redistribution, 650570 540757, 540766, 540768, 660683, 720430, copper, 430682 rare earth elements, 370582 810795, 810800, 810803, 810804, 810805, depletion, 801079 magma, aphyric, 650570 920439 Hess Rise, 620692 magma, arc, 780399 vanadium, 060840, 630694 nickel, 430682 magmatic fractionation, 460181, 460186 volcanism, 840617 zinc, 430682 magmatism, 511088, 511091, 511092 ytterbium, 370573 insoluble residue relationship, 440557 basalt, 380751, 380752 yttrium, 220459, 930694 iron, 720402 early stages ocean opening, 810790 zinc, 060840, 630694 magnesium, 720399 magnesium, 42A0504, 720402 zirconium, 060840, 220459, 630694 manganese, 720399 magnetite geothermometry nickel, 720402 calcium, 450548 metamorphic reactions, 450544 potassium, 720399 chromium, 450548 olivine-magnetite, 450544 sodium, 720399 Co, 450548 peridotite, 450545 strontium, 720399 europium, 450549 plagioclase, 450544 interelement associations, 850790 fractionation, 650569 seawater interactions, 450544 interstitial water, 050501 hafnium, 450549 glass iron, 42A0504, 440562, 450545, 720402 nickel, 450548 basalt, 650482 Ce, 850786 rare earth elements, 450549 composition, 540710, 540711 chromium, 850786 tantalum, 450549 heterogeneity, 630736 Co, 850786 thorium, 450549 glass, volcanic, Mariana Trough W, 600490 copper, 850786 zinc, 450548 Goban Spur, 801055 lanthanum, 850786 major oxides, 270482 basalt, 800943, 800944 nickel, 850786 manganese, 440557, 440561, 440562, 660731, seaward edge, 801197 vanadium, 850786 670563, 720402 tholeiite, oceanic, 800939 yttrium, 850786 Ce, 850786 gold, 450545 zinc, 850786 chromium, 850786 gypsum, 42A0506 isotope geochemistry copper, 850786 hafnium, 370581, 450545, 460243, 511087, Atlantic Ocean N, 720415 distribution, 850789 650594 13C, 720415 iron, 440557, 850786 halite, 42A0506 carbonate, 720415 lanthanum, 850786 Hatteras Formation, 760774 diagenesis, 720415 nickel, 850786 hawaiite, Emperor Seamounts, 550585 18O, 720415 origins, 440557 Hess Rise Rio Grande Rise, 720399, 720415 vanadium, 850786 post-Jurassic sedimentation, 620819 Sr/Na ratio, 720415 yttrium, 850786 pyrite-marcasite, 620855, 620859 stratigraphic correlation, 720415 zinc, 850786 rocks, 620863, 620864 Tethys, 720415 zonation, 440557 Hess Rise N isotopic anomalies, 370569 mantle, source, 690761, 810790 post-Jurassic, 620805 Japan Trench mantle, primordial, composition, 920440 sedimentary sequences, 620761, 620764, geochemistry, 870647, 870649 mantle, upper 620765 sediments, 271223, 271224, 271225, convection, 920440 HFS elements, 650594 271226, 271227, 271228, 271230, 571251 crystallization, fractional, 460247, high-partition-coefficient element, 660732 K, 650594 460248, 460249, 460250, 460251 higher pressure fractionation regimes, distribution correspondence, 850789 Mariana Trough 650570 La/Sm ratio, 370581, 370582, 460243 basalt, 600602 HREE, abundance, 920439 La/Ta ratio, 810789 fore arc, 600657 hyaloclastite, glass, 650482 La/Yb ratio, 920439 marlstone, dolomitic, 42A0506 hydrogen, 450543 labradorite, 650594 mass balance models, 650570 hydrothermal activity, ridge crest, 850790 lanthanum, 450545, 460243, 511087, 660732, massive pillowed lavas, pattern, 650570 hydrothermal alteration 810788, 850785, 850789 Mazagan Escarpment, metagranite, 790552 effect, 650594 large ion lithophile elements (LIL), 650594 Mediterranean Sea, 42A0493 sediments, 650420 laterite, 550461 distribution, 130783, 130784, 130785, HYG element, normalized concentration, lava, isotope geochemistry, 810779 130786, 42A0493 660732 least-altered rocks, chemistry, 630736 Meiji Guyot, K/Ar age, 550678 hygromagmaphile element, transition series, limestone Melanesian Basin 660732 Eocene, 850791 ash, 610637 hygromagmaphile elements, high partition Hess Rise, 621047 geological evaluation, 610849 coefficient, 670567, 670568 noncarbonate fraction, 850786 Mellish Seamount, post-Jurassic hygromagmatophile (HYG) elements, 540727, strontium, 850785 sedimentation, 620833 650593, 650594, 690751, 690758, 690760 liquid-line trends, divergence, 650570 melting, history, 370569 depletion, 810788 lithium, 850789, 920494 melting, partial, 370581, 460247, 650569 igneous rocks alteration, 920494 metagranite, Mazagan Escarpment, 790552 chemical composition, 590719, 590724 Li, 920494 metalliferous sediment, Eocene-Oligocene, chemistry, 630733 smectite, 920494 850799 geochemistry, 370573, 370577, 370653, vein, 920494 metamorphic rocks, Alboran Basin W, 130762 370661, 370662, 370672 lithologic end members, lack of, 850790 methanogenesis, sediments, 640759 incompatible element abundances, 650566 lithology, basalt, 120166, 120407 MgO, 370569 incompatible elements enrichment, 920440 lithostratigraphy, 690748 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 450541, 460241 Indian Ocean E, 270481 LOI, 810788 accretion, 650575 834 Trace elements

Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Cont.) peridotite, plagioclase, 370581 spreading center, 590666 basalt, 370581, 370582, 370705, 450493, petrogenesis, 650570 terrigenous material domination, 590664 450494, 450495, 450496, 450497, 450499, modeling, 920440, 920444, 920445, 920446 tholeiite, 590664 450500 petrography, 690748, 690758 thorium, 590666 chemistry, 450682, 450684, 450687 geochemistry, 370656, 370661, 370672 volcanic material, 590662 isotopes, 450545 petrology, 180936, 180937, 180938, 180940, volcaniclastic material, 590664 magmatism, 810790 180942, 180943, 180945, 540744, 540747 volcanism, 590666 mantle, 810790 basement, 42A0512 West Mariana Basin, 590663, 590664, 590666 Middle America Trench, tholeiite, 660732 igneous rocks, 130762, 130772, 130775 ytterbium, 590663 mineralization, 220469 mobility, 810797 zeolite, 590662, 590663, 590665 mineralogical reactions, 370569 Philippine Sea, 590653 zinc, 590666 mineralogy, 540766, 540768, 650419 basalt, 580873 zirconium, 590666 enrichment, 850795 geochemistry, 870645, 870646 rare earth elements, light, 370581, 370582 minerals Philippine Sea N, basalt, 580873 rare gas, 660732 magnetite, 450543 phosphorus, 650594, 850789 Rb, 370569, 511087, 650564, 650594, 660732, olivine, 450543 correlation, 850786 810788 orthopyroxene, 450543 picrite, geochemistry, 370740, 370741 alteration, 920495 peridotite, 450543 pillow lava, 650569 celadonite, 920495 plagioclase, 450543 chemical composition, 411108 K, 920495 pyroxene, 450543 chemistry, 511033 REE, 650594, 920439, 920472 serpentine, 450543 plagioclase, 370569, 370582, 650566, 650575 REE, heavy, 370581, 370582 minor element, 42A0493, 42A0504 accumulation rate, 650570 Rio Grande Rise Mississippi Fan, 960733 anorthite, 450545 basalt, 720451 Mn, Co, 850786 chromium, 450547 basement, volcanic, 720955 MORB, 690758, 690760, 920439, 920440 Co, 450547 carbonate, 720399 Nankai Trough europium, 450547 geochemistry, 720399 geochemistry, 870644, 870645 fractionation, 920440 Rockall Plateau, basalt, 810795, 810804 Japan Trench, 870651 hafnium, 450547 salt, stabilization, 220449 Nazca Plate, basalt, 340239 iron, 450545 Sb, 370581, 450545, 511087, 660731 Nb/La ratio, 660732 magnetite, 450547 scandium, 370581, 450545, 460243, 511087, neodymium, 650594 rare earth elements, 450545 660731, 670564, 850785, 850789 Ni/Cr ratio, 650569 scandium, 450547 sea floor weathering, 340291 nickel, 42A0493, 370581, 370582, 450545, thorium, 450547 sediment 511087, 650564, 660731, 660732, 810788, zinc, 450547 chemical composition, 700272 850785, 850789 Plantagenet Formation, 760775 geochemistry, 270481 Nintoku Seamount, basalt, 550599 polymetallic crusts, diagenesis, 800827 Wharton Basin, 220469 niobium, 370569, 511087, 650564, 650594, polymict breccia, clast, 600649 sediment chemistry, 350451 660731, 810788 positive correlations, 810788, 850790 sediment composition, inorganic anomaly, 810790 potassium, 370569 geochemistry, 960480 noncarbonate fraction enrichment, 850786 primary liquid, 660732 serpentine, 450543 18O, hydrogen isotope, 450541 pyroclastics, geochemistry, 260563 Atlantic Ocean, 370563 ocean basin rare earth elements, 340223, 370581, granitophile, 370563 geochemistry, 42A0510, 42A0511, 42A0512, 450545, 590653, 590661, 590667, 690755, serpentinite, 370563 42A0517, 42A0519 690760 serpentinization, 450545 petrology, 42A0512 ash, 590664, 590666 Shikoku Basin, geochemistry, 870645, 870646 OCP Ridge, 540638 authigenic minerals, 590664 silica, negative correlation, 850790 Ojin Seamount, basalt, 550599 Ba, 590666 sill, 180940 olivine, 370582, 450547, 650566, 650570, cerium, 590663, 590664 chemical composition, 411108 810788 chlorite, 590665 petrochemistry, 270553, 270554, 270555, chromium, 450548 clay minerals, 590663, 590664 270556, 270558 Co, 450548 Co, 590666 single-stage, closed-system fractionation iron, 450548 copper, 590666 models, 650570 nickel, 450548 dacite, 590664 Siqueiros Fracture Zone, 540638 rare earth elements, 450548 derivation, 590666 tholeiite, 660732 scandium, 450548 distribution, 370581, 590653, 590661, Sm/Yb ratio, 460243 zinc, 450548 590665, 590666, 660732 smectite, 42A0506 ooze, calcareous, 270482, 270489 europium, 590663 sodium, 720402 open-system mixing, 650575 glass, volcanic, 590662, 590663, 590666 distribution, 850789 oxidation index, 920471 hafnium, 590666 solid-liquid partitioning behavior, 650566 oxygen isotope, 370569, 450542, 480727 halmyrolysis, 590665 source composition, 920440 P-bearing phase, 850789 hydrothermal products, 590666 86Sr/87Sr ratio, 370569 Pacific Ocean, 620773 iron, 590664, 590666, 590667 Sr isotope, 590724 basalt, 340289 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 590662, 590663 Sr/Zr ratio, 650569 Pacific Ocean N, clay, 170511 lanthanide, 590661, 590663, 590664, stabilization, 220449 Pacific Ocean NE, metal-rich basal 590665, 590666 stratigraphic distribution, correspondence, sediments, 630670, 630675 lutetium, 590663 850785 Pacific Ocean NW manganese, 590664 stratigraphic plots, 850789 carbonate, 860513 Mariana Ridge W, 590664 strontium, 370569, 370581, 370582, 440557, clay, 860555 metalliferous deposits, formation, 590666 440562, 460243, 511087, 650564, 720402, geochemical history, 620797 molybdenum, 590666 850785, 850789 Pacific Ocean SE, paleoceanography, 920597 multiple origins, 590667 anomalous behavior, 920495 partitioning, 850796 North America, 590661, 590664 calcite, 920495 Pb/Zr ratio, geochemical significance, Pacific Ocean SE, 590666 crystallization, fractional, 370568 710403 Pb, 590666 gallium, 920495 pelagic sediment, 220469 phosphorus, 590666 high-temperature seawater interaction, peridotite, stabilization, 220449, 220452 seawater influence, 590664 920495 Transform fault 835 strontium (Cont.) Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740739, 740743, 740746 limestone, Cretaceous, 620885 isotope exchange, seawater, 370568 Wharton Basin, 220469 lithology, 330308 K/Sr, 370568 sediment, 220469 oxide, Hess Rise, 620949, 620953, 620956, K2O, 370568 whole rock chemistry, 370725 621040 melting, partial, 370568 Y/Tb ratio, 810789 Peter I Island, geology, 350349, 350354, negative anomaly, 920440 ytterbium, 370581 350356 Rb, 920495 yttrium, 511087, 650564, 650594, 850785, plagioclase, Hess Rise, 620949, 620955, variations, 440559 850789, 920495 621040 yttrium, 920495 zinc, 42A0504, 450545, 460243, 650564, pyroxene, 190621 zirconium, 370568 850785, 850789 Saint Helena, geochemistry, 620956 strontium isotope, 370569 zirconium, 370569, 511087, 650564, 650594 St. Helena, geochemistry, 620956 subparallel patterns, 920440 trace elements, incompatible sapropel, Cretaceous, 620896 Suiko Seamount basalt seamounts, ridges, volcanic origin, 330782 basalt, 550599 Costa Rica Rift Zone, 830165 sediments, Kings Trough, 941251, 941254, geochemistry, 550559, 550560, 550561, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 820428, 820429, 941258 550562, 550563, 550564, 550565, 550566, 820430, 820431, 820442 smectite, Hess Rise, 620951, 620956 550567, 550568 midocean ridge, 820397, 820399, 820403, trace elements, Hess Rise, 621040 rare earth elements, 550563, 550564 820404, 820406, 820408, 820409, 820410, Tristan da Cunha, geochemistry, 620951, sulfide, fractionation, 650566 820411, 820412, 820414, 820415, 820416, 620956 superheating, 650570 820417, 820450, 820452, 820453, 820456, tuff, Walvis Ridge, 390526, 390530, 390533 Ta, 660732 820457 Volcanic rocks, petrography, 200691 Tamayo Fracture Zone, basalt, 650594, trachyandesite caps, 200687 650596, 650597, 650598, 650601, 650602, Algeria, continental shelf, 42B1183 Geisha Guyots, 200682 650603 basalt, petrology, 580856 volcanics, petrology, 330758, 330767 tantalum, 370581, 511087, 650594, 810788 basalt, altered Walvis Ridge, 390526, 390530, 390533 anomaly, 810790 major element, 580885 trachyte, altered terbium, 511087 trace elements, 580885 chert Tethys, geochemistry comparison, 720399 Peter I Island, geology, 350347, 350351, geochemistry, 620712 Th, 660732 350352, 350353, 350354, 350356 oxygen isotope, 620749 Th/Ta ratio, 810790 Red Sea, geology, 230816 Hess Rise, pyrite-marcasite, 620855 tholeiite, 180936, 180940, 180942, 370582, trachybasalt trachyte, quartz 460243, 511104, 600657, 630695, 660732, Arabian Sea, history, 231122 Geisha Guyots, 200682 810787, 920439 crystallization, 411104 pumice, source, 850821 Barbados Ridge, 780403 glass, volcanic, Miocene, 411062 trade winds British Tertiary Igneous Province, 810788 groundmass, 411104 deposition, eolian, Oligocene, 920331 chemistry, 260472, 260483 Hess Rise, post-Jurassic sedimentation, eolian record, Southern Hemisphere, 920338 East Pacific Rise, 660732 620827 eolian sedimentation, influence, 860596 Emperor Seamounts, 550585 lithology, 230297 Pacific Ocean NW, eolian sedimentation, genesis, 660732, 920447, 920449 Mellish Seamount, post-Jurassic 860596 geochemistry, 42A0510, 42A0511, 42A0512, sedimentation, 620837 Pacific Ocean SE, 920409 550559, 590682, 590685, 590692 trachyte, 190615, 330767 circulation, post-atmospheric, 920331 oceanic, 780403 Aptian and Albian, Paleomagnetism, 620983 eolian input, 920415 passive margin, 810788 Ascension Island, rare earth elements, eolian sedimentation, 920331, 920332 petrology, 42A0512, 590682, 590685, 590692 620957 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, 660020, 660033, stabilization, 220449, 220450 ash flow, Walvis Ridge, 390526, 390530, 660434, 660683, 660729, 660794, 660827, tholeiite, liquid, density increase, 650570 390533 670749 thorium, 370581, 450545, 511087, 650594, basalt, petrology, 580856 basement, dioritic, Pliocene-Quaternary, 810788 basalt, altered 660729 Thulean Volcanic Province, basalt, 810793 major element, 580885 Mexico, magmatic episodes, 660728 titanium, 42A0504, 370569, 650594, 660731, trace elements, 580885 Middle America Trench 670563, 850785, 850789 basement, geochemistry, 620863 andesite, 660687 trace alkali elements, 810788 chert, oxygen isotope, 620754 tephra, 660687 trachyte, Hess Rise, 621040 clay minerals, Hess Rise, 620951, 620956 volcanic axis, 641284 transition elements, 920494 feldspar, Hess Rise, 620947, 620955, 621040 Transantarctic Mountains, 280211, 280234, transition metals, 490897 Fernando de Noronha, geochemistry, 620956 280335, 280341, 280772, 280773, 280890, uranium, 650594, 660731 geochemistry, magma, 870699 280895, 280906, 280936, 360858, 360926 distribution, 370553 geologic setting, 620984 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 360998 V, 511087 Gough Island climate, 280936 Valencia Trough, 130772 geochemistry, 620956 geology, 280887, 280906 volcanics, 130772 rare earth elements, 620957 lithology, 280343, 280926, 280927 vanadium, 42A0493, 460243, 850785, 850789 Hess Rise, 620693, 620947, 620953, 620958, nearshore environment, 280933 variation, 650570 621035, 621036, 621040 oceanography, 280937 variation cause, 370569 basement, 620863 pebble characteristics, 280773 variations, 370581, 370582 brecciation, 620971 Ross Sea SC volcanic rocks geochemistry, 620949, 620956 basalt, 280771 ages, 550663 mineral composition, 620967, 620971, Beacon Group, 280771 Valencia Trough, 130772 621040 diabase, 280771 volcanics, 180936, 180937, 180938, 180940, petrology, 620947, 620955 granite, 280771 180942, 180943, 180945, 670563 pyrite-marcasite, 620855, 620857, 620858, Ross Sea W, diabase, 280772 distribution, 670557, 670563, 670564, 620859, 620861 Transcaspian, 200107, 480447 670567, 670570 rare earth elements, 620950, 620956, transform fault, 490428, 700317 eruption, 340289 621041 African Plate, theory, 490391 evolutionary history, 340289 seismic reflection, 621051 anoxia, global, evidence against, 801002 Pacific Ocean C, 170430 stable-isotope ratios, 620971 Atlantic Ocean N Valencia Trough, 130772 trace elements, 621040 paleogeography, 121171, 121174 weathering, 340291 Hualalai Volcano, geochemistry, 620956 Paleozoic, 801108 836 Transgression

Atlantic Ocean NE, stable isotope, 480475 transgression, 130489, 360880, 360887, 810650 42B1208, 42B1210, 42B1212, 42B1214, Atlantic Ocean W, 220464 Africa 42B1218 Bahama Islands, geology, 110883 climate, 411043 Messinian environments basalt volcanism, 411043 missing Pliocene sediments, 42A1032 fracture zone, 540719 Africa E, coast, 250682, 250683 salinity crisis, 42A1026 Middle America Trench, 660703 Albian sediment Middle America Trench, Costa Rica, 840555 midocean ridge, 820418 geochemistry, 480873 Miocene-Pliocene isotope stratigraphy, origin, 660708 mineralogy, 480873 901403 basalt, altered Algeria, continental shelf, 42B1181 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500808, 500809, geochemistry, 540689 anoxia, global, evidence against, 801003 500811, 500812, 500814, 500815, 500816 petrology, 540689 Atlantic Ocean, margin, 481102, 481104, Neogene formations, paleogeography, 42A0921 basalt, high-alumina, 481147 481107 organic geochemistry fault, 481147 Atlantic Ocean C, basin, 511507 Guaymas Basin, 640943 paleodepths, 481147 Atlantic Ocean N Holocene, 640950 Coral Sea E, geology, 300653, 300657, oxygen, 801009, 801010 oxygen isotope 13 300659, 300660, 300661 paleogeography, 121177 C, 720415 FAMOUS area, fracture zones, 490391 Atlantic Ocean NE regression, 720412 Fifteen-Twenty Fracture Zone, 780027 evolution, 411223, 411225, 411230, 411240 Pacific Ocean EC, geologic history, 090919, gabbro stable isotope, 480483 090921 mineralogy, 600589, 600591 Atlantic Ocean NW Pacific Ocean SW, paleoceanography, 901503, petrography, 600589, 600591 sea floor spreading, 430872 901511 gas, interstitial, geochemistry, 640783 sedimentary evolution, 430811 Paratethys, paleogeography, 42A0985, geological, geophysical setting, rifting, Atlantic Ocean S, Mesozoic, 751041 42A0987, 42A0989 42A0889 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310848, Greenland, Spain, 121174 360996, 360998, 360999 310850 Indian Ocean S, geologic history, 260919, Atlantic Ocean W, 500811 postrift sediments, Turonian, 801176 260932 biostratigraphy, Messinian salinity crisis, Quaternary isotopic record, 680462, 680464 Indian Ocean W, tropical, 240646 42A1140 Red Sea, geology, 230814 interstitial water, geochemistry Biscay, Bay of N, continental margin, 481042 Rio Grande Rise, subsidence, 720964, Guaymas Basin, 640687 Biscay, Bay of, Albian sediments, 480874 720969, 720971 hydrothermal alteration, 640692 Black Sea, evolution, 42B1148 Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640883 13C, 42B0620 250689, 250691, 250692, 250694, 250695, Labrador Sea S, basement, 121157 carbon isotope 250697, 250698, 250699 Lesser Antilles, 780027 13C, 720415 Rockall Plateau, Paleogene sediments, 810659 Line Islands, tectonics, 330737 continental shelf, 901401 Rockall Rise, 810650 lipid, organic geochemistry, 640883 Neogene, 901402 volcanism, 810918 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500807, 500809, Pliocene, 901403 Santos Plateau, origin, 390940, 390943 500810 regression, 720412 sapropel, Cretaceous, 620897 organic geochemistry, Guaymas Basin, carbonate sea level, 621100 640819, 640942 18O, 42B0620 seismic profiles, Jurassic, 360971 Pacific Ocean E, basalt floor, 660708 sedimentation, 47B0733 seismic section, tectonics, 870746 Pacific Ocean EC, geologic history, 090921 Chatham Rise, seismic stratigraphy, 901327 seismic stratigraphy Pacific Ocean SW, island arcs, 300696, continental shelf, onshore geology, 400968, erosion, 901334 300700, 300702 400971, 400974, 400975 Teritary, 901339 palynological residue, 640729 Cretaceous sediments tectonic, clay, 430811 Paratethys, paleogeography, 42A0985 Domo Formation, 250736 Tertiary, 801180 petrology, chromium, 540801 geologic history, 250736 volcanic rocks, submergence, 200699, 200700 protokerogen, hydrothermal effects, 640905 deposition, 480164 see also sea level Red Sea, geology, 230818 bottom water, 250501 transition metals, 490897 regional summary, 220815 carbonate, 790889 alteration, low-temperature, 511105 Indian Ocean E, 220826 Essaouira Basin, 500785 Atlantic continental margin, interstitial regional tectonics, Rio Grande Rise, 720962 history, 500752 water chemistry, 040427 Rio Grande Rise, regional setting, 390955 Falkland Plateau basalt, alteration, 511105 Rockall Plateau W, stratigraphy, 481061, Antarctica, 711011 basement, basalt, 511105 481062 geochemical relationships, 711011 chemical and mineral composition, 350471 Rockall Rise SW, structure, 481065, 481075, Falkland Plateau E, sedimentation, 330880, Japan Trench, sediments, 271220 481078, 481079 360880, 360881, 360884, 360887 Mellish Seamount, post-Jurassic sea floor spreading, history, 250663 geologic structure, Neogene, 870810 sedimentation, 620835 seismic stratigraphy, boundary, 901336 geological, geophysical setting, 42A0895 metalliferous sediment, Eocene-Oligocene, Southeast Pacific Basin, evolution, glauconite, Eocene, 810650 850798 geologic, 350739 Goban Spur, evolution, 801207, 801213 Pacific Ocean C, geochemistry, 850781 stratigraphy Gondwana, dispersal, 260947 tholeiite, alteration, 511105 basement, 481065 Greenland, 810650 trace elements, 490897 crust, oceanic, 481075 Jurassic, 360880 Transkei, Rio Grande Rise N, regional Paleocene interval, 481075 Jurassic sedimentation, facies evolution, setting, 250693 rifting, 481078 790444 transport, 210041, 230486, 230488, 230489, spreading, 481078 Jurassic-Cretaceous, carbonate, 790879, 340618, 411101, 830298 transform boundary development, 481079 790885 alkali metal, 670567 structural evolution limestone, Jurassic, 790474 analysis, grain-shape, 950583 morphology, 481061 lithology, 130494 andesite, alkalic, modes, 360873 tectonic history, 481062 Jurassic, 360226 Angola Basin Tasman Basin S, borderland, 291135 lithostratigraphy, Messinian salinity geologic evolution, 750524 tholeiite crisis, 42A1140 turbidity current, 751034 geochemistry, 590681 major reflectors, Reflector E, 870746 Antarctica, glaciation, 291039, 291041, petrology, 590681 Mediterranean Sea E, 42B1202, 42B1220 291042 Vema Fracture Zone, 780027 history, 42B1196, 42B1199, 42B1206, Arabian Sea Transport 837

Arabian Sea (Cont.) sources, 241058 grain size history, 231122 stratigraphy, 720383, 720388 direction, 870621 sediment history, 230518 coarse fraction variation, current, 901210 downslope, 920343 Arabian Sea N, sediment history, 230504, Colon Ridge, interstitial water, 680467, turbidites, 870621 230505 680474 Guatemala ash, 38SO1O5 continental margin sedimentation, turbidity offshore sediment, 840621 deposition, 38SO1O5 current, 280754 slope sediment, 840626 distribution, 660692 continental shelf, onshore geology, 400970 Guatemala SW, continental slope sediments, Middle America Trench, 660687, 660688 contourites, Hatton Drift, 810699 670587 tephra, 870707 Costa Rica, continental margin, 840923 hemipelagic sediment, subaerial, 580674 Atlantic Ocean cross-lamination, 230488 hydrocarbon, potential, 660545 geochemistry, 47B0437 crust, oceanic, heat flow into ocean, 830289 hydrocarbon, aliphatic mineralogy, 47B0437 current turbidity, 230487 dust, eolian, 720835 Atlantic Ocean C currents, 380168 land-derived materials, 720835 hiatuses, 391106 Miocene, 901234 hydrocarbon, C15-C26, alteration, 800974 Sierra Leone Rise, 391123 Daito Ridge, sandstone, 580609, 580611 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic Walvis Seamount, 391128 Davie Ridge, volcanism, 250539 petrology, 580759, 630831, 630832, Atlantic Ocean N deposition, 230488, 230490, 47A0034 630833, 640851 clay, 481096, 481097 continental rise, 47A0503 hydrocarbon generation potential, organic paleogeography, 121178 current, 230488, 230490 matter, 660545, 660546 Atlantic Ocean NE, evolution, 411230 facies evolution, 300438 hydrothermal activity, Neogene, 920616 Atlantic Ocean NW models, 750838, 750840 hydrothermal deposits, origin, 540418 microfacies, 440492 depositional history, bottom sediment, Indian Ocean E regional aspects, 110958, 110960, 110967 960661 abyssal plain sediment, 271020 Atlantic Ocean S detrital petrology, 280746 direct sediment, 270387 hiatuses, 391106 bottom current, 280746 eolian, dust, 270397 Paleogene, 720985 ice rafting, 280746 lithology, 271002 Quaternary sediments, 720833 turbidity current, 280746 Indian Ocean W Sierra Leone Rise, 391123 detrital to biogenic sediment trends, regional aspects, 250754 Walvis Seamount, 391128 current, 291075 sedimentation rate, 240716 Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, diagenesis, slope sediments, 840582 terrigenous components, 240693 360996, 361005, 361006, 361008, 361009 distance, 870924 terrigenous sediment, 241056 Australia W, suspended sediment, 270383 dolomite, isotope geochemistry, 42A0556 Indus Fan, sand, 230485 autochthonous sediment, Neogene, 47A0666 downslope, 920255 interstitial water, 590627 Aves Ridge, mechanism, 040666 Cape Bojador, 47A0801 sediment relationship, 870872 Bahama Islands, geology, 110889 New Jersey, 950751, 950753, 950757, 950758 intraslope basin, types, 960564 basalt East Pacific Rise intraslope basins, Pigmy Basin, 960591 detritus, 340619 hydrothermal precipitate, 920384 Japan, fore-arc area, 560554 glass, 360873 sediments, 920371 Japan Trench basin, desiccation, 42A1007 East Pacific Rise C, biostratigraphy, 920255 minerals, 870638 bedding, graded eolian, 050586, 050608, 061132, 061135, silt, 561009 deposition rate, 230486 061137, 061138, 250031, 411050, 411054, kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640887, lamination, 230486 411091, 411101, 42A0036, 47A0695 640903 suspension, 230486 Australia W, 270397, 270398 Labrador Sea S bedding structure, 230489 Cenozoic, 860581 basement, 121157 Biscay, Bay of, margin, 801137 eolian dust, Indian Ocean E, 270397 terrigenous sediment, 121164 Black Sea eolian sedimentation, 680410, 860601 laminae evolution, 42B1148 accumulation rate, 860601 deposition, 230488 organic geochemistry, 42B0763 equilibrium grains, 860601 eolian material, 230488 organic matter, 42B0683 quartz, 860601 origin, 230488 Blake Plateau, diatoms, 510851 fan, submarine, 230489 land derivation, 230489 bottom current, 230488 feldspathic sediment, deposition, 200361 Line Islands, turbulent movement, 330837 Brazil Basin flow, 230490 lipid Argentine Basin, 721001 fluvial, 411101 acyclic components, 610615 turbidity current, 040659 fluxoturbidites, 130392 geochemistry, 610628 burrow mottling, silt, 291052 foraminiferal, 230489 organic geochemistry, 640887, 640903 California, continental margin, 630758 fossils, minerals, rare and unusual, lithologies, major California, Gulf of, 650474 340618, 340619, 340623 chalk, 901480 mouth sediments, 650439 Geisha Guyots, 200684 ooze, 901481 sedimentation rate, 650474 geochemical component grouping, trace ooze, calcareous, 901480 carbon, deep-sea sediments, 580745 elements, 801077 lithologies, minor carbon, organic, 230489 geochemistry, 720438 sand, skeletal, 901482 downslope, 870878 Guaymas Basin, 640708, 640711 tephra, vitric, 901483 hydrocarbon, aliphatic, 740732 volcanism, 840616 Lord Howe Rise C, Neogene evolution, 901449 preservation, 711054 glacial, 360091, 360146 lower fan, lower fan lobe, 960469 carbonate, carbon, organic, 711054 glacial sedimentation maceral, effect, 870881 Central America, western continental slope, mud, 280761 Madagascar Plateau, volcanic sediment, 840934, 840935 Ohio, 280765 250524 chert water, 280757 magnetic anisotropy, 480909 geochemistry, 620721, 620730 wind, 280757 magnetic susceptibility, 480909, 480910, petrology, 620721, 620730 glass, volcanic 480911, 480912, 480913, 480916, 480917 turbidity current, 300437 modes, 360873, 360874 Manihiki Plateau, deposition, 330888 clay sedimentary modes, 590605 Mariana Trough, 600483 stratigraphy, 870640 Goban Spur, 800420 Mediterranean Ridge, mineralogy, 130743 suspension, 291052 downslope, 800420 Mediterranean Sea clay minerals upper slope, 800757 Hellenic Trough, 130668 838 Transport

Mediterranean Sea (Cont.) Tertiary-Albian, 711021 920604 Ionian Basin, 130668 vitrinite, 870882 sedimentary facies, sedimentation model, Mediterranean Sea E, history, 42B1214 organic sediments, origin, 660545 870624 Messinian environments Pacific Ocean, sediments, 920379 sedimentary structure, study material, Lago Mare, 42A1020 Pacific Ocean N, plate movement, 190899 960532 Mediterranean Sea, 42A1031 Pacific Ocean NE sedimentation, 230489 Mexico S, continental margin, 660447 lithology, 050586, 050608 seismic reflections, distribution, 660553 Middle America Trench, 840757 regional aspects, 050635 sepiolite, 411091, 411101 Costa Rica, 840554, 840555 Pacific Ocean NW eolian, 411091, 411101 Guatemala, 670770, 670771, 690771 eolian, 860581, 860601 fluvial, 411101 Quaternary sediments, 670643 quartz, 860581, 860585 redeposition, 411101 sedimentology, 670770, 670771 Pacific Ocean SE shale, organic geochemistry, 42B0752 slope, 840757 continental source, 920409 shale, black, Cretaceous, 751019 transect, 670611 eolian input, 920415 Shikoku Basin mineralogy land-derived components, 920409 basalt, 580899 effects, 650391 organic matter, 920409 clay minerals, 580673, 580674 Rockall Rise, 801033 Pb isotope, 920399 silt, sorting, 561009 Miocene rare earth elements, 920388 smectite, origin, 580674 Antarctica, 720986 sediment composition, 920409 Somali Basin, sand, 250727 Messinian salinity crisis, 720987 Pacific Ocean SW South Fiji Basin, geology, 300621, 300624 Mississippi Fan modern sediment distribution, 901439 Southeast Pacific Basin, sediment Coriolis force, 960435 paleoceanography, 901495, 901500, 901512 distribution, 350200 Eastern Gulf Province, 960435 Western Marginal Basin Province, 210903 sterane, deposition, 960792 Mississippi Canyon, 960435 Pacific Ocean W, noncalcareous sediment, stratigraphy sand, 960425, 960533 070989 Mariana Trough, 600469 Mn, hydrothermal, accumulation, 920586 palygorskite seismostratigraphy, 801123 modes, 360873 eolian, 411091, 411101 suspended flow, 230489, 230490 mud, 870913 fluvial, 411101 suspension, 230486 Nankai Trough, 870913 redeposition, 411101 tephra mud, terrigenous sepiolite, 411091 Cenozoic, 901170 deposition, 250457 palynological residue, crystals, source, 901153, 901169 organic geochemistry, 42B0752 crystalline debris, size, 640739 terrigenous sediment, 280939 Nankai Trough palynomorphs, 42A0436 tetrapyrrole, geochemistry, 630815 Japan Trench, 870651 Panama Basin, sediments, 690389, 690393 trace elements, transition elements, 920494 turbidite, 870913 particle, origin, 901227, 901230 traction, 130159 nannofossils, 230489 pebble characteristics, circumpolar, 280773 transport, downslope, East Pacific Rise, Natal Basin, sand, 250727 permeability, downslope, 870843 920273 Nazca Plate, South America, 340795, 340797 petroleum generating potential, organic triterpane, deposition, 960792 Neogene formations, paleogeography, matter, 571327 tuff, modes, 360873 42A0920, 42A0921 petrology, 38SO1O5 turbidite nepheloid layer, 061132, 070989, 220046, gravels, 960494 generation, 670540, 670541, 670542 340122 igneous rocks, 38SO1O5 mineral composition, 670540, 670541, New Jersey, 950751, 950753, 950757, 950758 sand, 960494 670542 continental slope, 950751, 950753, Philippine Sea, lithology, 061132 turbidite, mud, Pliocene, Quaternary, 640518 950757, 950758 physical properties, clay, 061132 turbidites, 220046 New Jersey Transect, 950807 phytolith, 901462 deposition, 250451 New Zealand, tectonics, 901234 planktonic, 230489 turbidity current, 230486, 230488, 230489, Nile Fan, mineralogy, 130743 Pleistocene age, 230489 270135 nitrogen, deep-sea sediments, 580745 pollen, spores, 960644 Vema Fracture Zone, Pleistocene sediment, ooze, nannofossil, 230488 Cretaceous-Tertiary, 960644 040662 ore, deposit, 540802 Porcupine Plain, Albian-Cenomanian, 800978 vermiculite, origin, 580673 organic chemistry, 870888 previous work, periodic input, 711053 volcaniclastics, Eocene, 720957 turbidite, 870887 pumice, source, 850821, 850822 volcanism, 340793 organic facies origin, turbidity current, pyrolysis-GC results, discussion, 950668 clay, 870638 660545 quartz island arc, 340618 organic geochemistry, 640939, 640950, 720824 accumulation rate, 860585 Voring Plateau, minerals, 38S0041 distance correlation, 571298 eolian, 860581 Walvis Ridge downslope, 571298 Quaternary isotopic record, sea level, alkane, 751091 Japan, 571299 680463 alkanoic acid, 751093 land-derived organic matter, 640950 Quaternary nannofossils, reworking, climatic, oceanographic evolution, 740679 oxidizing water, 571297 reworked coccoliths, 800768 sediments, 751081, 751083 sediments, 750459, 750466 regional problems water, 280220 turbidity current, 630948 acoustic stratigraphy, 061303 West Mariana Basin, glass, volcanic, 590605 organic matter carbonate, 061302 wind, 310280 bimacerite, 870882 Rio Grande Rise, mineralogy, 720996 youngest fan lobe, seismic characteristics, Black Sea, 42B0683 Rockall Plateau, Tertiary deposits, 810669 960443 coal, 870882 saltation, 230486 transport, advective debris flow, 870882 San Bias Oceanic Formation, eolian, 090940 clay mineralogy, Orca Basin, 960711 kerogen, 870881 sand, 230488 interstitial water, dissolved constituent, maceral, 870881 Miocene, 47A0692 870865 matured kerogen-containing landmass, sandstone, source, 840932 Pigmy Basin, interstitial water, 960711 870882 sapropel, Mediterranean Sea E, 42A0436 transport, convective Nankai Trough, 870882 sediment Colon Ridge, interstitial water, 680473 pollen, 870882 downslope, 950255 flux, 680474 sources, 870882 Oligocene-Quaternary, 840944 transport, diffusive swamplike environment, 870882 sediment reworking, downslope, 920601, Black Sea, interstitial water, 42B0643 Tristan da Cunha 839

carbonate, secondary, vein, 580908 marl, 42A0909, 42A0912 interstitial water, 250370 clay mineralogy, Orca Basin, 960711 Neogene formations, paleogeography, mineralogy, 170517, 250846, 250848 interstitial water, 650446 42A0909, 42A0912, 42A0913, 42A0919 regional aspects, 250758 dissolved constituent, 870865 Trasimeno Lake, Messinian environments, Lago interstitial water, 090845 Pigmy Basin, interstitial water, 960711 Mare, 42A1023 lithology, 210109, 210201, 210336, 210337, transport, downslope Tremblor Formation, 180701 210375, 230387, 250266, 250294, 260299, Atlantic Ocean S, Paleogene, 720983 tremolite 260331, 290022, 290048, 290230, 310052, benthic foraminifers, changes, amphiboles, chemical studies, 150963 310443, 330112, 350068, 360095, 360149 Holocene-Pleistocene, 960633 Ganges Fan, sand, 220711 Paleocene red sediments, 120166 East Pacific Rise pyroxene, chemical studies, 150963 Mariana Trench, petrography, 600720 biostratigraphic zonation problems, 920273 Roc kail Plateau, Paleogene sediments, 810653 Mid-Pacific Mountains W, Aptian sediments, grain size, 920274 Wharton Basin, sand, 220711 620908 higher energy environment, 920274 tremolite-actinolite mineralogy, 210725, 210726, 210727, 330541, oxygen minimum zone, 920274 Costa Rica Rift Zone, basalt, 830235 330542, 330543 postdepositional reworking, 920273 polymict breccia, clast, 600649 Cretaceous and Cenozoic sediments, 480716 volcanic activity, 920274 Rockall Plateau, Paleogene sediments, 810655 mineral, secondary, 600718 Pyrenean implications, outer shelf Trento Plateau, 760879 Mozambique Ridge, volcanic sediment, 250529 material, 960633 anoxia, global, evidence against, 801002 Natal Basin, volcanic sediment, 250526 transport, eolian deposition, 790885 Ninetyeast Ridge, dolomite, 220482 ash Jurassic-Cretaceous, carbonate, 790885 Pacific Ocean, mineralogy, 310886, 310895 redeposition, 561029 Tres Marias Escarpment, 630387, 641282 Pacific Ocean C, mineralogy, 330541, sedimentation, 561029 Tres Marias, Mexico, 630377, 630421, 630455, 330542, 330543 Atlantic Ocean NE, sediments, 941093, 941097 630488, 630539, 630626, 630632, 630922, Pacific Ocean EC, stratigraphy, 090934 Cape Bojador, hydrocarbon, extractable, 630957, 640032, 640574, 640577, 641108, Pacific Ocean NW, mineralogy, 320548, 320549 47A0519 641109, 641114, 641279, 641284, 641285, Pacific Ocean W carbon, organic, 740736 641286, 641292 mineralogy, 200324 Cenozoic sediments, lithology, mineralogy, crust, isochrons, 630921 volcanic rocks, 210490 geochemistry, 450330 fracture zone, 641283 porcellanite, 320430 Costa Rica Rift, chalk, 690404 mainland, 641112 Rio Grande Rise, minor sediment components, Cretaceous to Cenozoic, 910469 Rivera Plate, 630519 721015 diagenesis, burial, pelite, 230426 Trevelyan Escarpment, 480035, 480065, 480289, sediment-interstitial water interaction, dust, 270027 480292, 800005, 801162, 801210 silica, 571273 Indian Ocean E, 270397 Biscay, Bay of N, continental margin, sedimentation, Line Islands, 090934 Indian Ocean W, terrigenous sediment, 241056 481028, 481038, 481041 silica Japan Trench Biscay, Bay of, margin, 801137 diagenesis, 410893, 410894 ash, 561029 continental margin, structural evolution, mineralogy, 140732 minerals, 870638 481045, 481047, 481053, 481059 silt, terrigenous, 291148 Mariana Trough, 600483 Goban Spur on-land equivalents, 291062 mud, terrigenous, source areas, 250457 continental margin, 801162 Tasman Sea, mineralogy, 300606 organic matter, 720837 evolution, 801210 volcanic components, composition of organic petrology, organic matter, source, Meriadzek, 480291, 800423, 800426, 800427 volcanic material, 210490 47A0519 Biscay, Bay of, 481015, 481016, 481017, Trinidad, 020422, 040215, 040592, 040593, Pacific Ocean NW, quartz, 860581 481018, 481019, 481020, 481021, 481022, 091063, 100388, 110222, 110545, 110570, Pacific Ocean SE 481023 120424, 120769, 140491, 150770, 151084, effectiveness, 920409 seismic refraction study, 481018 151100, 151101, 151103, 151105, 180583, trade winds, 920331 Trevelyan Plateau, continental margin, 180584, 210277, 210541, 210558, 220124, Pacific Ocean SW, 910469 structural evolution, 481047 240969, 260774, 270589, 270667, 330362, Pacific Plate, 210904 Triangular Nunatales, 810918 330391, 390657, 400681, 400729, 400784, Panama Basin, sediments, 690389 Triangulos reefs, 100025 410661, 720757, 730459, 780385, 800614, Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310848 tridymite 931358, 950360 Porcupine Plain, Albian-Cenomanian, 800978 Antarctica, mineralogy, 350749, 350750, Cretaceous foraminifers, North America, quartz, Cenozoic, 860581 350752 440671 sediments Argentine Basin, mineralogy, 361019, diagenesis, 020422 Atlantic Ocean N, 941093 361020, 361022, 361026, 361027 Lizard Springs Formation, 360498, 760550 Atlantic Ocean NE, 941097 Atlantic Ocean N, clay, 481094, 481095 Miocene, 590557 transport, lateral biogenic sediment, diagenesis, 300454, mud, diapirism, 780034 Atlantic Ocean S, Paleogene, 720983 300455, 300459 south, 140391 basalt, glass, 600606 burrow mottling, silt, 291054, 291055 Trinidad Canyon, 050536 Challenger Plateau, Quaternary, 901420 chert, 320430 Trinity Peninsula Series, 350378 organic facies origin, Middle America geochemistry, 620713 Trinkitat, 230681 Trench, 660545 Pacific Ocean W, 070994 Trionto River, 100645 organic sediments, origin, 660545 petrology, 620713 Tripoli, 131207, 131216 Pacific Ocean SE, Pb isotope, 920399 clay Messinian environments transport, water silicification, 291054 Messinian fossils, 42A1016 East Pacific Rise, carbonate-free material, skeleton condition, 291055 salinity crisis, 42A1005 920373 clay minerals, mineralogy, 140732 Tripoli Formation, 131063, 131409, 730722, hydrothermal precipitate, manganese, 920376 clay, terrigenous, 291148 730723 hydrothermal sediment, composition, 920608 on-land equivalents, 291062 evaporites, Miocene, 131236 iron, differentiation, 920376 deposition Tripolitania, 131247 Pacific Ocean, sediments, 920381 chalk, nannofossil, 250497 Tristan da Cunha, 170443, 170445, 350355, Panama Basin, sediments, 690389 ooze, nannofossil, 250497 390525, 390530, 390533, 400388, 580856, Transverse Ranges, 641281, 641293 geochemistry, Cretaceous and Cenozoic 620951, 620953, 620956, 720008, 720010, Transylvania, 42A0987 sediments, 480716 720012, 720189, 720457, 720459, 720461, Paratethys, paleogeography, 42A0987, 42A0989 Indian Ocean E, abyssal plain sediment, 720476, 720960, 730009, 730599, 740014, Trapeza Formation 271007, 271008 740726, 740739, 740744, 740756, 740761, lithology, 42A0238 Indian Ocean W 740779, 740781, 740882, 740884, 750483, 840 Triterpane

750517, 751101, 751103 weathered fossil source, 960792 geochemistry, 430645 Angola Basin, petrochemistry, 751102 triterpane, pentacyclic organic geochemistry, 42B0753 Atlantic Ocean S Black Sea, organic geochemistry, 42B0757, shale, black, Cretaceous, 751021, 751024, Rio Grande Rise, 391127 42B0763 751026 Walvis Seamount, 391127 Cariaco Trench, organic geochemistry, 200929 Walvis Ridge, sediments, 751073 hot spot, 720008, 720974 organic geochemistry, 200905 triterpenoid acids igneous rocks, geochemistry, 620958 preliminary organic analyses, 100627 Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 500653 Peter I Island, geology, 350355 triterpane, saturated cyclic, aromatic components, 660564 petrology hydrocarbon, extractable, organic Hess Rise, Albian sediment, 620940 basalt, 740755 petrology, 630823, 630827, 640846, 640850 organic geochemistry, Cabo San Lucas, 640879 regional geochemical comparison, 740759 organic geochemistry, hydrocarbon, preliminary organic analyses, 100630 regional tectonics nonaromatic, 271293, 271296 Sigsbee Escarpment, organic analyses, 100630 Eocene activity, 720962 triterpane, tetracyclic triterpenoid, aromatic hot spot, 720960 Black Sea, organic geochemistry, 42B0757 Hess Rise, Albian sediment, 620940 swell push forces, 720961 preliminary organic analyses, structures, hydrocarbon, extractable, organic Rio Grande Rise 111016 petrology, 640842 basement, volcanic, 720955 triterpanoic acids lipid, hydrocarbon, aromatic, 571372 subsidence, 720974 Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 480969, 500660 triterpenoid, autochthonous trachyte, geochemistry, 620951, 620956 hydrocarbon, triterpanoid acids, 241160 Hess Rise, Albian sediment, 620940 Walvis Ridge, basalt, 740749, 740753, triterpene organic geochemistry, Cabo San Lucas, 640879 740755, 740759 Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 480969 triterpenol triterpane, 960789 Black Sea, organic geochemistry, 42B0758, alcohol, cyclic components, 660562 Angola Basin, organic geochemistry, 750990 42B0763 lipid, paleoenvironmental assessment, 660567 Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 480969 Guaymas Basin, C28, 790791 triterpenone biomarker distribution, 960789 Hess Rise, 790791 ketone, cyclic components, 660561 common source, 960789 Albian sediment, 620941 lipid, paleoenvironmental assessment, 660567 diagenesis, 960792 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic tritium distribution, 960789 petrology, 630822, 630827, 640842, Costa Rica Rift hopane, 960789 640846, 640851 alkali, 690487 hydrocarbon, geochemistry, 960792 kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640888 basalt, 690477, 690479 hydrocarbon, aliphatic, cyclic components, lipid waters, 690485 660558 diagenesis, 640917 formation water, origin, 690492 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic hydrocarbon, aliphatic, 571372, 640914 troctolite petrology, 630822 hydrocarbon, cyclic, 630766 petrography, 600581 hydrocarbon, immature, diagenetic history, organic geochemistry, 640888 gabbro, olivine, 600582 960792 paleoenvironment, 640916, 660567 plutonic rock, 370684 hydrocarbon, nonaromatic, composition, Mazagan Escarpment, 790791, 790792, 790794, petrochemistry, 370684 950655 790802, 790813, 790816, 790820, 790822 Tromelin, 250667 hydrocarbon, polycyclic, application, 960789 organic geochemistry, 271295 sea floor spreading, history, 250667 hydrocarbon, triterpanoid acids, 241160, preliminary organic analyses, 160576 Troms, 810919 241163 triterpenoic acids, Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, Tromsoryggen Formation, 38S0106 immature fossil source indication, 960789 480969, 500660 trondhjemite, 460283 in situ distribution, 960792 triterpenoid Bermuda Rise, crystallization, 511046 kerogen Atlantic Ocean N, lipid, 500658 glass, droplets, 460283, 460286 cyclic molecules, 711008 diagenesis, aromatization, 660568 La Desirade Island, 780084, 780089, 780093 organic geochemistry, 640887, 640897, Hess Rise, Albian sediment, 620940 Troodos Massif, 130231, 42A0219, 42A0220, 640899 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic 42A0945, 42B1186, 42B1216, 760876 limestone, Cretaceous, 620884 petrology, 640838, 640846 boninite, mineralogy, 600691 lipid, 610613 kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640887, California, Gulf of diagenesis, 630771 640888, 640890 basalt, 650530, 650664 hydrocarbon, aliphatic, 640914 laminated/nonlaminated sediments, organic Guaymas Basin, 650616 organic geochemistry, 640887, 640897, geochemistry, 640922 crystal morphology, boninite, 600683 640899 limestone, Albian, 620929, 620934 evaporites, 42B1186 paleoenvironmental assessment, 660567 lipid Florence Rise, 42A0920 mudstone, Eocene, 480936, 480938 geochemistry, 610628 hydrothermal deposits, origin, 540416 organic geochemistry hydrocarbon, aromatic, 571373 lava, pillow, 650616 molecular markers, 630844 molecular markers, 860672 major element, argillaceous sediments, specific organic geochemical changes, organic geochemistry, 640887, 640888, 580721 960692 640890 Mediterranean Sea E, history, 42B1216 organic matter, source, 380805 paleoenvironment, 660567 Neogene formations, paleogeography, Pigmy Basin, biological markers, 960785 Mesozoic sediments, organic geochemistry, 42A0903, 42A0904, 42A0908, 42A0911, "preformed" distribution, 960792 500639 42A0914, 42A0920, 42A0921 preliminary organic analyses, 160581, mud, terrigenous, organic geochemistry, Pacific Ocean E, ferrobasalt, 540845 170562, 170563, 170568 42B0753 Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0945, 42A0947 Rockall Plateau, sediments, 810813, 810819 organic geochemistry Troodos ophiolite shale, 960792 Baja California, 640942 basement, calcite, 920502 shale, black, Cretaceous, 410868, 480936, Cabo San Lucas, 640879 K/Ar age, celadonite, 920511 86 87 480938 Guaymas Basin, 640942, 640944 Sr/ Sr ratio, celadonite, 920502 sterane, 960789, 960792 gulf mouth, 640879 Trubi Formation, 130692, 131006, 131027, distribution, 960789 molecular markers, 630840, 630844 131206, 131219, 131235, 131236, 131238, transport, deposition, 960792 Pacific Ocean NW, lipid, 860672 131344, 42A0779 unresolved envelope feature, 960792 Patton Escarpment, Monterey shale, 630945 evaporites, Miocene, 131236, 131238 unsaturated biological precursor compounds, preliminary organic analyses, compounds, marl, 130412, 130424, 131061 960789 160585, 170568, 170576, 170577 Messinian environments, salinity crisis, Vigo Seamount, Cretaceous sediments, 47B0569 San Miguel Island, Monterey shale, 630945 42A1030 Walvis Ridge, sediments, 751077 shale Trucial Coast. See United Arab Emirates l\iff 841

Truk Islands, 200074, 42A0648 200071, 200074 bedding styles, 630633 Trulli Inlier, Neogene formations, clay minerals, 38S0017, 38S0021, 38S0026, California S, 630631 paleogeography, 42A0904 38S0029 chemistry, 630651, 630652 Tsauchab River, 750766 Cretaceous and Cenozoic, 480711 clay minerals, 630646, 630647, 630649, Tsiribihina River, 250185 Pacific Ocean NW, 200338 630650 Tsoumerka Mountains, 131117 claystone, basalt, 550710 deposition, 630636 Tsubetsu Group, 190824 clinopyroxene, Walvis Ridge, 390526, 390527 diagenesis, 630652, 630653, 630654, 630655 Tsushima Current, Pleistocene, Pliocene crystallization, Walvis Ridge, 390527 eruption, 630636 foraminifers, 310695, 310699 Emperor Seamounts, mineralogy, 550466 petrography, 630639, 630640, 630641, Tuak Anticlinorium, 42B0475 exotic pebbles, breccia, 561090 630642, 630643, 630644, 630645 Tuamotu Archipelago, 090022, 090817, 330005, Faroe Islands, 810919 potassium feldspar, 630650 330011, 330302, 330318, 330563, 330731, feldspathic sediment, abyssal, 200359 reworking, 630636 330735, 330915, 330922, 38S0498, 621104, geochemistry scoria, 630636 920026 Hatton Ridge, 810739 sedimentary structure, 630633 atolls, 330683 Rockall Plateau, 810735 stratigraphy, 630632 Hiva Oa, 160662 trace elements, 260563 trace fossils, 630636 Line Islands, 550005 glass, volcanic, 360873, 360875 turbidity current, 630636 seamount chain, 330301 Goban Spur, evolution, 801209 zeolite, 630650, 630651 tectonics, 330731, 330735 Guatemala, offshore sediment, 840620 Neogene formations, paleogeography, 42A0912 see also Pacific hyaloclastic, 38S0114, 38S0117 Ninetyeast Ridge, 220824 Line Islands C Indian Ocean W, regional aspects, 250758 organic geochemistry lithology, 330318 interstitial water, 590628 kerogen, 630849 Pacific Ocean EC, geologic history, 090917 isotopic study, 590631 lipid, 630839 ridges, 080018 carbonate, 590634 porcellanite, 630837 seamounts, 920217 carbonate, disseminated, 590637 oxides, Walvis Ridge, 390527 synthesis, regional, 330915 hydrothermal alteration, 590635, 590637 Pacific Ocean NW, geochemical history, turbidites, 090040 interstitial water, 590637 620799 Tuamotu Ridge, 080018, 170052, 330302, Japan Trench Pacific Ocean W, 210486 330391, 330467, 330682, 340163, 340170, ash, 561028 equatorial, 071161 610450, 610451, 621073 breccia, 561091 Pacific Plate, volcanic components, 210483 physical properties, 330695 K/Ar age, 360871, 360873 petrology, Walvis Seamount, 390525 Tubuai Islands, 920026 Atlantic Ocean S, 390547 phenocryst, Walvis Ridge, 390527 Tucker Cove Formation, 290021, 290057 Brazil Basin, 390545 Philippine Sea lithology, 290048 Walvis Seamount, 390525 lithology, 061248 tuff, 130768, 210523, 260553, 330753, 360871, lapilli, 210523, 810633, 810634, 810635, sedimentary structure, 310487 360873, 38S0114, 810634, 810640, 810649 810639 physical properties, sound velocity, 061248 Africa celadonite, 810638 potassium-argon age, Walvis Ridge, 390530, climate, 411034 lithology, 210523 390534 volcanism, 411034 Lord Howe Rise, 210523, 210535 pyroclastic, Lesser Antilles, 780099 Africa E, coast, 250681 mineral composition, 210524 pyroxene, Walvis Ridge, 390526 Africa SE, volcanism, 250532 lapilli tuff, vitric, 260553 rare earth elements Algeria, continental shelf, 42B1183 geochemistry, 260560 age, 590667 alteration petrography, 260554, 260557, 260559 distribution, 590667 products, 810735, 810739 lava, isotope geochemistry, 810778 petrochemistry, 590667 remnant arc debris, 590737, 590739 lithology, 060044, 060297, 060298, 060559, trace elements, 590653, 590654, 590655, altered rocks, 590735 070029, 070031, 070612, 210060, 220122, 590656, 590657, 590658, 590659, 590660, basalt, 590735 220216, 260160, 300072, 310194, 310197, 590661, 590663, 590664, 590667 ash, Valencia Trough, 130768 310443, 38S0017, 38SOO21, 38S0026, Red Sea, geology, 230816 ash flow, 210525, 210530 38SOO29, 390377, 390381, 42B0137, refractive index, 360871, 360873 Atlantic Ocean 480176, 480179 rhyolite, 210523, 210525, 210530 Cenozoic sediments, 140862 chert, 170153 Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, 250694 Cretaceous sediment, 140862 clast, 310194 Rockall Plateau, volcanogenic sediments, Atlantic Ocean C, Walvis Seamount, 391127, glass, 310194 480780 391128 grading, 310194 Rockall Rise, volcanism, 810917 Atlantic Ocean N lapilli, 220122, 310194 Rockall Rise SW, structure, 481063, 481078, carbonate, 801063 limestone, 170153 481083 Paleozoic, 801109 minor sediment types, 47A0028 Sea of Japan, sedimentary structure, 310487 Atlantic Ocean NW, lithology, 110905 phenocrysts, 310194 seamount, Walvis Ridge, 390525, 390530, Atlantic Ocean S plagioclase, 310194 390534 history, 740723 pyroxene, 310194 sediment, lithology, 38S0119 Walvis Seamount, 391127, 391128 vug, 310194 sediments, Kings Trough, 941251, 941258, authigenic minerals, mudstone, 600462 zeolite, 310194 941259 Baja California, Neogene, 630631 Lord Howe Rise, rhyolite, 210523, 210524 siderite, hydrothermal alteration, 020419 basalt, 340220, 810747 Madagascar Plateau, volcanic sediment, source, 360873, 360874 geochemistry, 590779, 590788, 590794 250524 South Fiji Basin, geology, 300625 glass, 360873 margin, 810892, 810896 Southern California Borderland, volcanic pyroclastic rock, 810750 Mariana Trough, acoustic properties, 600803 rocks, 630951 pyroxene, 590693, 590694, 590699 microlite, Walvis Ridge, 390527 stratigraphy basement, petrology, 220423 Middle America Trench, 660687 Eocene, 481063 biogenic sediment, diagenesis, 300446 mineralogy Paleocene-pre-Oligocene interval, 481078 Black Sea, sediments, 42B0375 chemistry, 480780 sea floor spreading, 481083 breccia, 561091 palagonite, 38SO119 tholeiite breccia, volcanic, Neogene, 630640, 630641, Mozambique Ridge, volcanic sediment, 250529 geochemistry, 590682, 590687 630642 Neogene major element, 590707 California S, Neogene, 630631 ash fall, 630639 petrology, 590682, 590687 Caroline Abyssal Plain, chalk, 200069, Baja California, 630631 TiO2, 810640 842 Tuff

Tohoku Arc, geology, 870714 Pacific Ocean SW, Mesozoic regional geologic setting transport, modes, 360873 evolution, 210902 Astoria Fan, 180980 Valencia Trough, 130768 volcanic sediment, chemistry, 480779 continental slope, 180980 volcanic sediment tuff, trachytic gravity anomaly, 180987, 180989 Oligocene-Eocene, 600455 Atlantic Ocean S, 390493 magnetic anomaly, 180983, 180996 petrography, 480773 Walvis Seamount, 391127 recent activity, 180983 Pleistocene, 600455 basalt, physical properties, 390493 Scott Island Fracture Zone, 180987 volcanics, 210523, 210525, 210530 tuff, vitric, 561091 sea floor spreading, 180987 Valencia Trough, 130768 alteration, products, 810735 structure, 180980 volcanism basalt Cascadia Basin, 180980 ash, 561028 geochemistry, 590757, 590781 continental shelf, 180982 Eocene-Oligocene, 901185 petrology, 590670, 590672 continental slope, 180981 Madagascar, 250532 breccia, volcanic, Neogene, 630650, 630651, Tula Fracture Zone, 350025, 350197, 350220, volcanism, pyroclastic, Paleogene, 810634, 630652 350224, 350268, 350273, 350276, 350285, 810640 conglomerate, clast, gravel, 300431 350727, 350730, 350737 Walvis Ridge, 390525, 390530 exotic pebbles, 561090 Pacific continental margin, geomorphology, chemistry, 390526 geochemistry, Rockall Plateau, 810735 350285 mineralogy, 390526, 390527, 390528 Japan Trench, 561091 Southeast Pacific Basin petrography, 390526, 390530 Kyushu-Palau Ridge, 590519 evolution, geologic, 350727, 350730, potassium-argon age, 390530, 390534 lithology, 210037, 300071, 480175, 480178 350737, 350738 trachyte, 390526, 390530, 390533 chert nodule, 300241 sediment distribution, 350197, 350198, West Mariana Basin, metallogenesis, 590649, Kapingamarangi Rise, 300243 350199, 350200, 350205, 350220, 350224 590650 limestone, radiolarian, 300241 Tulanshan Formation, Paleogene-Neogene, 310848 tuff, altered petrography, 260161 Tumrok Ridge, 550851, 550852, 550853 breccia, volcanic, 630645 San Bias Oceanic Formation, 090617 tungsten, geochemistry, Cenozoic sediments, clay, palygorskite sepiolite, 020417 volcanogenic sediment, 170267 42B0591 feldspar, 020417 Madagascar Plateau, volcanic sediment, Tunguska, 730758 glass, fresh, 020417 250524 Tunisia, 110611, 130691, 130739, 131246, mineralogy, Mariana Trench, 600443 Mariana Islands, 600615 131248, 150505, 210654, 400746, 42A0596, rare earth elements, tuff, 590659 Mariana Trough, gabbro, 600579 42A0969, 730774, 760870, 760871, 760873 sedimentology, volcanic sediments, 020415 mineralogy, Mariana Trough, 600440 Algeria, continental shelf, 42B1181 tuff, palagonitic, alteration, 020418 organic geochemistry, 590648 continental margin, 131422 zeolite, 020417 kerogen, 630851 El Kef, Tunisia, 740472 tuff, andesitic oxides, major, 810754 Sicily, Italy, 760874 isotopic study, 590631 Pacific Ocean NE, cruise synthesis, 151101 strait, 131055 interstitial water, 590636 Pacific Ocean SW, Mesozoic regional Turayf, Red Sea, geology, 230816 organic geochemistry, Miocene, 630837 evolution, 210900 turbidite petrology, igneous rocks, 130768 Pacific Ocean W, volcanic rocks, 210481, basement, dioritic, oldest-known, 660729 Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310850 210483 Mexico, magmatic episodes, 660728 Valencia Trough, 130768 petrology, igneous rocks, 130768 turbidite cycle, 42A0231, 410965, 410973 plagioclase, 130768 Philippine Sea Nankai Trough, turbidites, 870916 tuff, aquagene Mariana Islands, 600432 turbidites, 010523, 010570, 040023, 040098, breccia, Line Islands, 330753 Philippine Sea W, 600429 040325, 040659, 040660, 040662, 050109, seamount chain, volcanism, 220779 West Mariana Basin, 600429 050170, 050423, 060643, 071009, 071172, seamounts, 330779, 330780, 330783 West Mariana Ridge, 600430 090040, 100009, 100011, 100049, 100075, tuff, ash-flow plant organic matter, 380820 100091, 100122, 100301, 100699, 100706, Atlantic Ocean S, Walvis Seamount, 391127 carbon, organic, 380815 100711, 110014, 110015, 110317, 110805, Lord Howe Rise, rhyolite, 210525, 210535 pyroclastics, petrography, 260554, 260555, 110806, 110810, 110811, 110812, 110814, tuff, basalt 260557, 260559 110817, 110818, 110819, 110912, 110913, mineralogy, 38SO118 rare earth elements, 590653 110939, 120047, 120260, 120261, 120778, Mozambique Ridge, volcanic sediment, 250529 tuff, 590653, 590654, 590655 120907, 120909, 130064, 130065, 130122, volcanism South Fiji Basin, volcanic components, 130231, 130266, 130369, 130666, 130667, Madagascar Plateau, 250539 210483 130668, 130673, 130675, 130686, 130692, Mozambique Ridge, 250540 Southern California Borderland, volcanic 130717, 131027, 131028, 131029, 131031, tuff, carbonate rocks, 630951 131033, 131034, 131036, 131038, 131424, clay minerals, mineralogy, 140729 southwest regional unconformities, 210902 140261, 140859, 150412, 170052, 170059, isotopic study, 590631 tuff, Neogene, 630650, 630651, 630652 170152, 170414, 180034, 180102, 180241, sapropel, Cretaceous, 620895 Valencia Trough 180409, 180870, 180908, 190629, 190889, silica, mineralogy, 140729 biotite, 130768 190891, 200066, 200067, 200074, 200338, tuff, green, 560473, 560482 olivine, 130768 210505, 220046, 220199, 220330, 220492, 39 40 Ar/ Ar age, boulders, 571282 plagioclase, 130768 220718, 240291, 250265, 250441, 250443, Philippines, genesis, 310875 volcanic components, 210481, 210483 250445, 250446, 250447, 250458, 270293, Tohoku Arc, geology, 870714 volcanism, Neogene, 47A0707 300143, 300424, 300427, 300428, 300429, tuff, palagonitic West Mariana Basin, 590525 300430, 300433, 310133, 310287, 310320, ash, alteration, 020418 tuff, zeolitic 310354, 310490, 310494, 310511, 310615, 310618, 310619, 310621, 320325, 330034, Atlantic Ocean N, Mediterranean Sea, 110810 Caroline Abyssal Plain, chalk, 200071 350164, 360262, 380027, 38S0119, 38SO195, clay, palygorskite sepiolite, East Mariana Basin, sedimentary history, 38S0202, 38SO2O5, 38S0207, 38S0214, redistribution, 020417 890654 38S0216, 38S0224, 38S0225, 38S0235, dolomite, alteration, 020419 tuffite 38S0241, 38S0242, 38S0251, 38S0259, tuff, pumiceous Japan Trench, sediments, 271225, 571251, 38S0261, 38S0262, 38S0264, 38S0266, breccia, volcanic, Neogene, 630649, 630650, 571253 38S0267, 38S0268, 38S0285, 38S0041, 630651, 630652 mineralogy, 38S0115, 38S0116 38S0067, 38S0116, 38S0942, 390105, lithology, rhyolitic, 210202 sediment history, 38S0119 400071, 400072, 400197, 400234, 400460, organic geochemistry Red Sea, sediment history, 230861 400536, 400537, 400989, 400995, 401030, diabase, 630837 Tufts Plain, 180979, 180996 410497, 410984, 411002, 411004, 411121, kerogen, 630848 bathymetry, 180987 Turbidites 843

411124, 411131, 42B0130, 42A0181, Atlantic Ocean S, mineralogy, 040325, 040326 distal, 650465 42A0208, 42A0239, 42A0241, 42A0261, Atlantic Ocean SW, basin, evolution, 361008 gulf mouth, 650363 42B0427, 42B0428, 42B0433, 42B0435, Atlantic Ocean W sediment distribution, 650471 42B0445, 42B0449, 42A0597, 430208, Brazil Basin, 040660 sedimentation rate, 650471 430331, 430336, 430395, 430396, 430397, Demerara Plain, 040662 Tamayo Fracture Zone, 650464 430398, 430399, 430400, 430407, 430438, mineralogy, 040325, 040326 Campeche Bank, sediments, 100009 430464, 430472, 430473, 440033, 440162, Vema Fracture Zone, 040662 Cantabria Knoll, Paleocene, 121189 440171, 440201, 440815, 440974, 440978, Aves Ridge, 040666 Cape Basin, 400537 47B0383, 47B0385, 47B0388, 47B0416, Bahama Islands, geology, 110877, 110887 sedimentary structure, 400536 47B0452, 47A0603, 47A0609, 47A0610, Barbados Ridge, 780603, 780618, 780619 Cape Hatteras, sedimentation, 930891 47A0612, 47A0613, 47B0665, 47BO666, barite, authigenic, 410915 carbon, stable isotopes, 42A0486 47A0707, 47B0035, 47B0038, 47B0046, basal contact, 300428, 300429 carbon, organic, 430396, 890367, 890375 47B0052, 47B0053, 47B0373, 480068, bedding, graded, 250447, 300429 clay, 870878 480877, 480878, 480892, 490102, 490104, deposition, 250449 diagenesis, 670610 490115, 490123, 490163, 490167, 490168, fauna, 250443 flow, 870878 490342, 490425, 500127, 500128, 500129, garnet, 250444 carbonate 500134, 500138, 500143, 500172, 500715, glass, volcanic, 250444 diagenesis, 170414, 210505 500716, 500717, 500725, 500733, 500734, glauconite, 250444 fossil preservation, 170414 500745, 500746, 670522, 670540, 740649, hornblende, 250444 shallow-water, 500733 750785, 750790, 750794, 751214, 890371 plagioclase, 250444 Caribbean Sea, sediments, 150933, 150937 accretionary prism Pliocene, 250443 Caroline Abyssal Plain, chalk, 200066, trench-fill, 870950 potassium feldspar, 250444 200067, 200074 velocity distribution, 870948 pyrite, 250444 Catoche Knoll, organic analyses, 100301 accumulation rate, sea level, 960598 quartz, 250444 Ceara Rise, 140382 acoustic basement, 751201 sand, skeletal, 250443 Cenozoic sedimentation, Pacific Ocean N, Africa, continental margin NW, 410965, tourmaline, 250444 190889, 190891 410967, 410973, 410984 volcanic detritus, 250443 Cenozoic sediments Africa E, coast, 250680 benthic foraminifers, 090040 lithology, mineralogy, geochemistry, Africa NW Bermuda Rise, 431014 450331 continental margin, 411123, 411124, 411131 biogenic, 750789 mineral composition, 42B0417, 42B0422 sand, 410497 calcilutite, 750790 Central America, western continental slope, Alaska, Gulf of, turbidite, silt, 180847, biogenic structures, 300427 840935 180848, 180857, 180858, 180859 biostratigraphic record disturbance chalk, nannofossil, 890367 alteration, diagenetic, organic matter, factors, reworked, displaced faunas, channel deposits, 090041 571305 800686 Chatham Rise, Pliocene-Pleistocene, 901328 amphiboles, chemical studies, 150963, 150967 biostratigraphy, Pliocene-Quaternary chemical composition, 310615, 310618, 310619 Angola Basin, 400537, 750785, 751214 history, 42A1140 metal, 571265 biostratigraphy, 750449, 750450 bioturbation history, environmental chert, 090041, 890367, 890369 Cretaceous, 751017 relationships, Chatham Rise, 901197 calcareous sediments, 320434 geologic evolution, 750515, 750522 Biscay Plain Cretaceous, 430438 sedimentary structure, 400536 abyssal plain, 121189 Pliocene, 090041 anisotropy, pelitic deposits, 960816 Miocene-Pliocene-Pleistocene, 121189 silica, 090041 apron, 310144 Black Sea chlorophyll, diagenesis, 571406 Arabian Sea evolution, 42B1141, 42B1148 chlorophyll derivatives, geochemistry, geology, 231119 mineral, terrigenous, 42B0657 610619 sediment history, 230512, 230513, 230516, sediment, 42B0493, 42B0495 chondrites, interval, 870924 230518 sediments, 42B0389 clastic sediment, Cretaceous, 401030 Arabian Sea N, sediment history, 230506 Blake Basin, 760685, 760687, 760688, clay, 250445, 430395, 430402, 500733, ash, Middle America Trench, 660687 760691, 760731, 760737, 760741, 760742, 500734, 500738, 670541, 890367 Atlantic continental margin 760743, 760747, 760776, 760899 clay minerals, 300433 interstitial water chemistry, 170515 sediments, 760672, 760682 diatoms, 010522 mineralogy, 050441, 050442, 050443, Blake Ridge Formation, 760765 glass, 300433 121130, 121136, 121137 Blake Spur, 760901 greensand, 291053 Atlantic Ocean bottom current, 090041 stratigraphy, 870640 grain size, 040295 erosion, 490864, 490866 clay mineralogy, 650369 margin, 481103 sedimentation, 490864, 490866 montmorillonite-illite, glauconitic, Atlantic Ocean C, basin, 511505 Bouma sequence, 250445, 250447, 300427. 650369 Atlantic Ocean N 300428, 500734 petrology control factor, 750862 grain size, 020307 Bouma sequences, Angola Basin, 751214 post-Albian, 750865 Mediterranean Sea, 110806, 110810, Brazil Basin, 040660, 040668, 390456 stratigraphic evolution, 750863, 750864 110812, 110814, 110818 sedimentation comparison, 721005 clay minerals, 500715, 500720 oxygen, 801010 source, 040660 Pacific Ocean NW, 200338 sedimentation, 120907, 120909 burrow mottling, 430395, 430396 stratigraphy, 680391 sediments, 760672, 760675 silt, 291053 clay, terrigenous, 291060 Atlantic Ocean NC, Mesozoic sequences, calcarenite, 500734, 750786 burrow mottling, 291149 411004, 411007 lamination, 750786 deposition, 291060 Atlantic Ocean NE, evolution, 411218, calcareous nannofossils, biostratigraphy, claystone, 300424, 430396, 890367, 890368, 411228, 411230, 411232, 411234, 411237, 920266 890369, 890375 411239, 411243 calciturbidites, 500745, 500746 clinoptilolite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430464 Atlantic Ocean NW carbonate, 500738 Columbia River, 490315 acoustic stratigraphy, 430832 types, 500734, 550734 composition, 42A0389 lithology, 110912, 110913, 110939 California conglomerate, channel deposits, 580647 regional aspects, 110957, 110970, 110971, continental margin, 630758 consolidation 110972 offshore, 630960 permeability, 870845 sedimentary evolution, 430815 California, Gulf of, 650453, 650460, shear strength, 960798 sedimentation, 440974, 440978 650462, 650474 contact, sharp, 090041 844 Turbidites

continental assemblages, 040326 green, 750790, 750791 glaciation, 280739 continental margin Toyama Trough, 310490, 310494 sedimentation rate, 280746 paleoenvironment, 630947 turbidity current, 300430 igneous rocks, Melanesian Basin, 610673 sedimentation, 280728, 280754 ferromanganese sediment, lithologies, 190629 Indian Ocean, 250441 structural evolution, 481058 flocculation, 430398 Indian Ocean C, noncarbonate sediment, continental margin sediments, clay, 280736 flow, 47B0389 220492 Coral Sea E, geology, 300650, 300661 flysch, 250443, 250444, 250445, 250447, Indian Ocean E, grain size, 270519 Cretaceous, cyclic sedimentation, 770369 500751 Indian Ocean NW, grain size, 250423 Cretaceous-Jurassic, 751229 foraminifers, benthic, 890368 Indian Ocean W cross-lamination Galicia Bank, tectonics, 47B0666 interstitial water, 250371 parallel laminae interbed, 300430 Ganges Fan, 220825 lithology, 250740 sand, 300428 gas, pelagite, 870884 regional aspects, 250754, 250755 crystal morphology, 600681 gas, interstitial Somali Basin, 241049 Cyprus, evaporites, 42B1186, 42B1188, geochemistry, 640782, 640783 tropical, 240646 42B1191 stable isotopes, 640815 Indus Fan, 230506 Daito Ridge, deposition, 580647 general synthesis, accumulation rate, 280930 inorganic geochemistry, sediments, rocks, deep-sea trench, sedimentary facies, 670609 generation Angola Basin, 750924 Demerara Plain N, Pliocene, 040662 transport, 670540, 670541, 670542 interstitial water, 350408 deposition, 300429, 300438, 300440, 310406, trench slope, 670540 interstitial water, geochemistry, Guaymas 320299, 500734 turbidity current, 670541, 670542 Basin, 640687, 640689 chalk, nannofossil, 250493 geochemistry intraslope basin, sediments, 960819 conglomerate, 580647 carbon, organic, 390488 intraslope basin organic matter, 960753 current, 080730, 280729, 280730 Cenozoic sediments, 42B0545, 42B0551, isotopes, stable oxygen, carbonate, 42A0486 deposition rate, 300429 42B0561, 42B0598 Italy, Sicily, 47B0405 dissolution, 300429 Guaymas Basin, 640708 Japan Trench facies evolution, 300439 mud, 640713 geology, 870704, 870707 Goban Spur, 800870, 800871, 800876 geologic history magnetic fabric, 870611 laminate, parallel, 300430 biogenic detritus, Neogene to Paleogene, sedimentation, 870611 laminite, 250454 250460 sediments, 271214, 271220, 271221, Lesser Antilles, 780307, 780313, 780321 deposition, 250459 271225, 271228, 271230, 870897 marginal basin, 300439 sand, 250460 silt, 561005 models, 750838 geologic setting, 840921 Jurassic deposits, 500733 ooze, nannofossil, 250493 arc-derived, 840923 Jurassic sedimentation Portugal, 47B0373, 47B0383, 47B0384, geology, 660581 claystone, 760845 47B0385, 47B0388, 47B0389 geosynclinal sequences marl, 760845 rapid influx, 300429 flysch, 250461 kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640887, reworked sediments, 300429 models, 250461 640895 sand, 250451, 250453, 250454, 250458 orogenic episode, 250460 Komandorskiye Basin, 190575 turbidity current, 300429 rifting, 250460 deposition, 190575 detrital modal analysis sediment source, 250461 laminate, parallel, 300429 sand, 870621, 870622, 870623, 870624 Gilbert Ridge, 071172 lamination, 890367, 890368 turbidites, 870623 Goban Spur, evolution, 801212 laminite, 250444 detrital sediment, origin, 670511 graded sequences, 300433 Lansdowne Bank, seismic facies, 901339 dewatering pipe, 300429 grading, 090041, 430401 limestone, 320545 diagenesis, 250449, 310621 grain size, 010325, 010326, 010333 Caribbean Sea C, 150775 bedding, graded, 250449 current-sorted distribution, 870620 Jurassic, 790465 compaction, 250449 Kokumoto Formation, 870620 shallow-water, 500733 flysch, 250458 Nankai Trough, 870620, 870621 limestone, siliceous, 890367 lithification, 250449 origin, 010326 Line Islands, tectonics, 330731, 330735 organic matter, 870877 Pico Formation, 870620 lipid pyrite, 250449 replacement, 870621 geochemistry, 610627, 610628 recrystallization, 250449 ripple lamination, 870621 organic geochemistry, 640887, 640895 sediments, 750861 sorting, 870620 lithologies, minor, chalk, 901482, 901483 siliceous sediments, 500725 transport, 870621 lithology, 040023, 040081, 040097, 040098, dissolution, carbonate, 400989, 400995 gravity flow, Exuma Sound, 960544 070620, 070729, 100051, 100092, 100096, East Mariana Basin, 890365 graywacke, 670541 100117, 100118, 100121, 100125, 100127, sedimentary history, 890657, 890666, diagenesis, 670541 100171, 100297, 100311, 120683, 120695, 890667, 890668 sand, 670541 120763, 130069, 130121, 140261, 150279, East Pacific Rise, sediments, 650376, Guatemala 150307, 150368, 150408, 170060, 170062, 650377, 650425 continental margin, 840924, 840925 170063, 170064, 170266, 180172, 180236, Eocene, 090040, 300424 midslope continental margin, 840929 180289, 180295, 180378, 180408, 180411, sand, 010523 Pacific margin sediments, 670595 210372, 220276, 240286, 240291, 250031, silt, 010523 trench, 670522, 670525 250072, 250095, 250484, 270134, 270135, equatorial sediment bulge, 850977 upper slope, 840925, 840928, 840929 280157, 280159, 280183, 290048, 290202, Hatteras Plain, 510028 310136, 310142, 310280, 310320, 310355, seamount, 850977 310362, 320298, 320315, 320316, 320318, evaporites heavy metals, Cenozoic sediments, 450350 Hess Rise, post-Jurassic sedimentation, 330034, 330045, 330061, 380172, 380178, Messinian, 42A0597 620826, 620827 380391, 380453, 380525, 380528, 380539, Miocene, 131236, 131239 Hudson Fan, 950607 380656, 390039, 390040, 390110, 390162, Exuma Sound, 760742 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic 410239, 410251, 410427, 410428, 410435, fan, transition, 960467 petrology, 630831, 640837, 640849, 640851 42B0034, 42B0036, 42B0125, 42B0133, fan, submarine, 300430, 750792, 750793 hydrocarbon generation potential 42A0180, 42A0230, 42A0231, 42AO233, conglomerate, 300430 organic facies, 640865, 640869 42A0234, 42A0238, 42A0260, 42B0294, Cretaceous to Recent, 750772, 750777, organic matter, 670595, 670598 42A0308, 42A0328, 430037, 430038, 750780 hydrothermal activity, Guaymas Basin, 641161 430056, 430166, 430201, 430204, 430206, deposition rate, 300430 ice rafting 430213, 430215, 430234, 430334, 440030, Turbidites 845 lithology (Cont.) recrystallization, 120763 clay, 670541 440205, 450138, 490102, 490104, 490123, river mouth environments, 870617 Cocos Plate, 670538, 670539, 670540 490163, 490342, 500126, 500127, 500128, sand, 120683, 130122, 130266 Guatemala, 670537 500129, 500143, 870613, 870617, 870811, sand, carbonate, 120683 Japan, 670537 890365 sand, terrigenous, 180034 Pacific Plate, 670537 abyssal plain sediments, 120683 sand, turbidite, 130065 transport, 670541, 670542 apron, 310144 sandstone, 120047, 130065, 400071, 400072 trench deposits, 670537 Aquitaine Basin, 120764 sandstone, terrigenous, 130369 mineral, terrigenous, 670538 Aquitaine, Gulf of, 120683 sedimentation, 350164 mineralogy, 38S0117, 650391, 650395, 730663 augite, 120683 sedimentology, 100009, 100049 magnetite, 730663 basin, 150412 shale, 120047, 400071, 400072 sapropelite, 130714, 130716, 130717 bedding, convolute, 120763 shelf deposits, 120764 sediment history, 38SO119 biotite, 120683 Shimanto Belt, 870615 Miocene, 090041 Brittany, 120683 silt, 120683 Miocene to Pleistocene, 300433 burrows, 120764 slickensides, 120764 Mississippi Fan, 960508, 960712 calcarenite, 120763 sponge spicules, 120683 accumulation rate, 960596 calcareous sediment, 120763 staurolite, 120683 ancient, 960434 Campanian, 110014, 110015 stratification, 430331 ancient basin deposit, 960435 carbonate, 120765 Tertiary, 120683 debris flow, 960435 Cenozoic, 500174 tourmaline, 120683 deposition, 960811 Cenozoic deposits, 47B0046, 47B0047, transport, 220046 organic matter, 960752, 960758 47B0048 unconsolidated oozes, 170052 sandier components, 960434 chert, 170152 uplifting, 120778 seismic characteristics, 960443 clay, 120261, 120683, 120764, 120765 volcanic sediment, 170059 systems, 960425 clay minerals, 120765 volcanism, 120766 models, 750793 compaction, 120765 wedge, 100011, 310328, 310330, 310331 Bouma sequence, 750793 Coniacian, 320325 zircon, 120683 Moroccan Basin, 500174, 790889 continental shelves, 120683 lithology, Tertiary, Eocene, 380763 margin, 500814, 500815, 500816, 500818 Coral Sea Basin, 300143 lithostratigraphy Morocco deposition, 100075, 180241, 310287, Horizon A, 430832 acoustic anisotropy, 751229 310406, 320299, 320301, 400197, 400234, Pliocene-Quaternary history, 42A1140 acoustic impedance, 751229 430336, 440033, 480068, 870615, 870617 Lofoten Islands, 38S0067 coast, 751229, 790243 distal, 220199, 310133, 310280, 310354, low velocity layer, wedge, trench, 870733 porosity, 751229 310355, 310362, 360262, 380027, 390105, lower fan, 960469, 960763 reflection coefficients, 751229 430038, 440171, 500128 organic matter, 960748 sound velocity, 751229 distal channel, 870617 magnetic fabric wet-bulk density, 751229 emplacement, 870617 Japan Trench, 870611 mud, 180858, 180870, 500734, 750787, 750788 Eocene, 120764 paleocurrent analysis, 870619 mud, diatomaceous, 42B0486 erosion, 120683 magnetic fabric analysis, Japan Trench, mud, nannofossil, 500734 feldspar, 120683 870611 mudstone, petrology, 180909 foraminifers, 120683, 120763 magnetic remanence Nankai Trough, 870733, 870761, 870762, glass, volcanic, 120764 mineralogy, 730663 870780, 870791, 870795, 870915 glauconite, 120683 natural remanent magnetization, 730664 accretion, 870611 grading, 120763 magnetostratigraphy accumulation rate, 870927 grading, double, 120683 Chatham Rise, 901291 Antarctica, 870916 hematite, 120765 Cretaceous sediments, 400460 ash, 870916 hemipelagite, 870617 manganese nodule, 090040 bedding dips, 870916 hornblende, 120683 Mariana Ridge, 590356 burial, rapid, 870913 interbedding, 120683 maxima, 310411 carbonate nodule, 870916 Kokumoto Formation, 870615 Mediterranean Sea, 42A0389 clast, pumice, 870916 kyanite, 120683 Alboran Sea, 130666 clay minerals, 870635, 870636, 870913 lamination, 120763 evaporites, 131212 deformation, 870916 limestone, 120763, 170059, 170152 Hellenic Trough, 130668 detrital modal analysis, 870611 limonite, 120765 Ionian Basin, 130668 fault, thrust, 870916 load cast, 120763 Levantine Basin, 130668, 130669 faunal diversity, 870913 marl, 120763, 120764 lithostratigraphy, 131027, 131028, fracture, 870916 maxima, 310411 131029, 131031, 131032, 131033, 131034, gas, 870913, 870915 Mesozoic deposits, 47B0053 131036, 131038, 131039 graded beds, 870913 metamorphism, 120683, 120764 Mediterranean Basin, 130667 grain orientation, 870913 Miocene, 100121, 100122, 440201 Messinian, 130673, 130675, 130686, 130692 mud, terrigenous black, 130369 heat flow, 870611 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010625, mudstone, 120260 heavy minerals, 870913 010626, 010628, 010629, 010633, 010637, nannofossils, 120764 methane/ethane ratio, 870916 010640, 100737, 100738, 100742, 100745, ooze, 130266 physical properties, 870916 100747 provenance, 870611 ooze, nannofossil, 130122 Mexico S, continental, 660442 Quaternary, oldest sediment, 870916 origin, 050170, 250265 Mid-Labrador Sea Ridge, 121181 regional stratigraphy, 870915, 870917 paleoenvironment, 490036, 490115, 490167, glaciation, 121186 sand, 870913 490168, 500174 Mid-Pacific Mountains W, Aptian sediments, sediment, 870827 Pleistocene, 110317, 120683 620905 sediment origin, 870916 Pliocene, 120260, 120261 Middle America Trench, 670537 sedimentary structure, 870916 Pliocene-Quaternary, 430056 grain size, 670537 shallow trench, 870611 preturbidite sediment, 310136, 310144 Guatemala, 670766 Shikoku Basin, 870611 pulsed, 220330 mineralogy, 670537 silt, 870913 Pyrenees, 120683 sedimentary facies, 670603 subduction, 870611 pyrite, 120764 sedimentology, 670766 surface water, 870913 quartz, 120683, 120764 mineral composition tilting, 870916 846 Turbidites

Nankai Trough (Cont.) Pacific Ocean NW, stratigraphy, 200733 deformation, 38S0269, 38SO271 transport, 870913 Pacific Ocean SW, island arcs, 300693, dish structure, 38S0271 trench sedimentation, 870611 300696 faulting, 38S0270 volcanic arc development, 871611 Pacific Ocean W grading, 38S0269, 38S0270, 38S0271 wedge, trench, 870733 bedding, graded, 071009 ice rafting, 38S0269, 38S0270 nannofossils, 090041 bottom current, 071009, 071010 interflows, 38S0270 Nares Plain, 510028 equatorial, 071172 Jan Mayen Ridge, 38S0270 Natal Trough, sedimentation, 870611 lamination, 071009 Knipovich Ridge, 38S0270 natural remanent magnetization, 730664 slumping, 071009, 071010 load cast, 38S0270 Neogene formations, paleogeography, tectonic activity, 071010 Lofoten Basin, 38S0270 42A0908, 42A0910, 42A0913, 42A0914, paleobathymetry, 42A0389 mud, 38S0269, 38S0270 42A0917, 42A0919, 42A0921 paleoceanography, Reflector Green, 850966 mudstone, 38S0268, 38S0269, 38S0270, Neogene sedimentation Paleocene to Pliocene, 090040 38S0271 lithology, 47A0610 paleoenvironment, 47B0416 ooze, biogenic, 38S0269 sediment evolution and sources, 47A0613 Hauterivian to Cenomanian, 47B0405 overflows, 38S0270 New Jersey Transect, stratigraphy, 950772 paleomagnetic results, 870780 preconsolidated deformation structures, Norwegian Basin, 38S0067 palygorskite, paragenesis, 250458 38S0269 Norwegian Sea, 38S0216, 38S0224, 38SO235 palynological residue, 640751, 640752 pyrite nodule, 38S0270 basalt, 38S0241, 38S0242 deposition, 640754 sand, volcanic, 38S0269 clast, 38S0224 Guaymas Basin, 640731, 640739 sandstone, 38S0268, 38S0269, 38S0270, geologic setting, 38S0195, 38S0205, gulf mouth, 640737, 640739, 640748 38S0271 38S0207, 38S0214 petroleum, source bed, 240793 sediment history, 38S0285 Greenland Sea, 38S0259, 38S0261, 38S0262, petrology, 740649, 740659 sedimentary structure, 38SO261, 38S0262, 38SO263, 38S0264, 38S0265, 38S0266, feldspar, 300424 38S0263, 38S0264 38S0267, 38S0268, 38S0269, 38S0270, glass, 300424 sedimentary structure, secondary, 38S0271, 38S0272, 38S0273, 38S0275, hornblende, 300424 38S0266, 38S0267, 38S0268 38S0276, 38S0278, 38S0279, 38S0281, magnetite, 300424 silt, 38S0270 38S0282, 38S0284, 38S0285, 38S0286 micarb, 300424 siltstone, 38S0268, 38S0269, 38S0270 regional conclusions, 38S0251 pyrite, 300424 terrigenous origin, 38S0269 structure, 38S0225 zeolite, 300424 Voring Plateau, 38S0270 Voring Plateau, 38S0202 Philippine Basin, genesis, 310859, 310863, reflection coefficients, Morocco, 751229 Oligocene-Pleistocene sediments 310868 reflection horizon, Horizon A, 040671 crust, 920293 Philippine Basin W, structure, 310615, reflector, correlation with lithology, East Pacific Rise W, 920293 310618, 310619 220397 ooze, carbonate, 890367 Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310842, regional problems ooze, nannofossil, 890367 310851, 310852 acoustic stratigraphy, 061303 glass, volcanic, 300433 Philippines, genesis, 310874 chert, 061304 zeolite, 300433 phillipsite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430464 seamount chain, 170916 organic geochemistry physical properties, 430757, 650675, 870811 regional setting, 870798 Baja California, 640940, 640941 distal, 870829 regional summary deposition, 640939 Pliocene-Quaternary sediments, 640541 Ganges Fan, 220818, 220825 Goban Spur, 800949 sonic velocity, 870835 Wharton Basin, 220818, 220822 Guaymas Basin, 640942, 640943 Pigmy Basin reworking, 890365 Porcupine Plain, 800956 carbonate, 960671 rhythmite, 300424 terrigenous influence, 800963 lithology, 960567 Rio Grande Rise, 720512, 720514, 720515, transport, 870887 seismic/lithologic facies, comparison, 720516 organic matter, 670598 960570 sediment, 720426 geochemistry, 640855 Wisconsin age basin evolution, 960572, subsidence, 720966, 720968, 720974 Guatemala, 670598 960573 Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, 250694 slump, 960763 planktonic foraminifers, 090040 sampling strategy, frequency, 960813 trench-fill facies, 670595 Pleistocene sequence, origin, 010522 sand, 090040, 250447, 300428, 300429, 430395 origin, 300430 Pliocene, 090041 ash, feldspar-rich, 300433 anoxic environment, 890375 Pliocene-Miocene sediment, 870670 clay, 250444 carbonate, 890374, 890376 ponded, 290202, 490036 cohesiveness, 250443 deposition, 890373 porcellanite feldspar, 250444 East Mariana Basin, 890373 chert, 320434 garnet, 250444 eruption, 890373, 890376 Eocene, 430438 genetic classification, 41S0951 Ita Mai Tai Guyot, 890373 Porcupine Plain, unconformities, 801173 granite, 250444 ooids, 890373 porosity, Morocco, 751229 hematite, 250444 reworking, 890376 preliminary organic analyses, 100636 hornblende, 250444 sedimentation rate, 890373, 890374 preturbidite sediment, 310136, 310144 magnetite, 250444 origins, 650690 protothrust zone, 870929 microcline, 250444 Pacific Ocean, guyots, 620775 Provo interval correlation, 300429 mineral, heavy, 300433 Pacific Ocean C, 071009, 850916 pyrite, burrow fill, 300433 orthoclase, 250444 Pacific Ocean N pyritization, 890368, 890375, 890376 orthopyroxene, 250444 Aleutian Plain, 190897 pyroxene, chemical studies, 150963, 150967 Pacific Ocean NW, 310511 Bering Sea, 190909 radiolarians, 890367, 890368, 890369, 890375 petrology, 280746 Bowers Ridge, 190905 red beds plagioclase, 250444 chalk, 190908 ash, 38S0271 quartz, 250444 Meiji Guyot, 190900 Bouma sequence, 38S0269, 38S0270, 38S0271 zircon, 250444 plate movement, 190897, 190898, 190899 breccia, rip-up, 38S0270 sand, basaltic, origin, 490425 sedimentation, 190897, 190906, 190908 clast, rip-up, 38S0269, 38S0271 sand, carbonate, 500734 Pacific Ocean NE, 060643 clay, 38S0269 sand, glauconitic, greensand, 291152 grain size, 050421 claystone, 38S0269 sand, quartzose, 500734 lithology, 050605 conglomerate, 38S0268, 38S0270 sandstone, 300424, 320540, 320542 regional aspects, 050626, 050635 cross-lamination, 38S0270 sandstone, volcanic, 750785 Turbidites, diatom 847

sapropel, petrography, 130714, 130716, seismic velocity, wedge, trench, 870727 Eocene, 720957 130717 sequence, graded, 890369, 890377 mineral, heavy, 430407 sapropelite, 130713 sequences, 47B0405 volcanism Scan III survey, Hawaiian Ridge, 060643 shale, black clay, 870636 Seabeam bathymetric surveys, diagenetic Biscay, Bay of, 480892 mineral evolution, 600450 horizons, 850837 Cretaceous, 751027 Neogene, 47A0707 seaward-dipping, 870924 deposition, 750825 volcano, 090040 sediment shale-sandstone-limestone cycle, 500733 Voring Plateau, bulk mineral distribution interpretation, 960484 Shikoku Basin, 870761 (X-ray), 38SOO41 lithology, 38S0117, 38S0119 intensity, 870758 Walvis Ridge, 751089 physical properties, 010576, 010577, Shiono-Misaki Canyon, 870941 Angola Basin, 750973 010580 shrinkage anisotropy, 960815 sediments, 751069, 751077 sediment accumulation siliceous sediment, 500725 transect, 740649, 740654, 740658 deposition, 960599 siliciclastic detritus, 500734 wedge, 310320 frequency, 960599 silicification, 430401, 890367 wedge, trench, Nankai Trough, 870733 sea level, 960599 sill, carbonate, 500734 wet-bulk density, Morocco, 751229 sediment basin, geology, 47A0764 silt, 180870, 250445, 300424, 300433, zeolite, 390427, 390431 sediment supply volume, 300428 430395, 430402, 750787, 750788 see also calciturbidites sedimentary cycles, 740649, 740659 feldspar-rich, 300433 turbidites, bioclastic sedimentary facies, 670609 Miocene, 561005 Atlantic Ocean sedimentation model, 870624, 870626 silt, quartzose, continental margin, 020419 Cenozoic sediments, 140859 sedimentary structure silt, terrigenous, 291060 Cretaceous sediment, 140859 antidune cross-stratification, 300425 burrow mottling, 291149 Atlantic Ocean S, Malvinas Outer Basin, bedding, graded, 250448, 250449, 300426 deposition, 291060 391110 bedding, massive, 250448, 300426 siltstone, 300424, 300428, 300429, 890369 Bahama Islands, geology, 110877, 110887, Bouma sequence, 250448 small basins, 750795 110890 clast, rip-up, 250449 sonic velocity, 320962 lithology, 390105 clay, 960530 sound velocity, Morocco, 751229 Campanian-Santonian, 110015 convolute lamination, 250448 source, 42A0389 Neogene formations, paleogeography, 42A0915 cross-bedding, 250448 source areas turbidites, calcareous cross-lamination, 250449, 300424 basement, crystalline, 250454 clinoptilolite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472, dewatering pipe, 300427 channel deposits, 250454 430473 flame structure, 300427 faunal environments, 250454 lithology, 270135, 270293, 430201, 430204, flysch, 250448 gneiss, 250454 430208 laminae, 250449 igneous rocks, 250454 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010628 laminae, parallel, 300425 volcanic provenance, 250454 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500812 lamination, parallel, 250448 South Fiji Basin, history, 300629 phillipsite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472, Mississippi Fan, 960433 Southeast Pacific Basin 430473 mud, 960530 evolution, geologic, 350735 turbidites, carbonate ripple bedforms, 300425 sediment distribution, 350206, 350218, Atlantic Ocean N, Mediterranean Sea, sand, 250448, 960524 350220, 350222, 350226 110805, 110811, 110820 sandstone, calcareous, 250448 spacing, 210381 Brazil Basin, zeolite, 721005, 721006 sequence model, 960530 Spain, 47B0405 calcareous nannofossils, biostratigraphy, silt, 960524 stratigraphy and evolution, composite, 920265 slump fold, 250448, 300425 801184 clay mineralogy sole marks, 250448 strontium, noncarbonate fractions, 42B0610 diagenetic history, 750865 sedimentation, 920355 subduction rate stratigraphic evolution, 750864 accretionary prism, 870627 geologic constraint, 870795 diagenesis, sediments, 750860 acoustic stratigraphy, 47B0666 Shikoku Basin, 870791 Goban Spur, evolution, 801207 Cretaceous, 930891 trench, 870790 Indian Ocean E, grain size, 270518 emplacement, 870627 trench wedge geometry, 870791 lithology, 010570, 130231, 500138 Fuji River, 870627 suspension, 670542 Mellish Seamount, post-Jurassic Izu, 870627 systems, Mississippi Fan, 960425 sedimentation, 620840 Japan Trench, 870611 Tasman Basin S, borderland, 291136 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010634 magnetic fabric, 870627 tectonic, Eocene siliceous sedimentation, New Jersey Transect, 950807 noncarbonate fractions, 42B0610 430815 organic geochemistry, black-colored seismic coherence, 870611 tectonic history, Cascadia Basin, 180961 sediments, depositional model, 800966 tectonics, 47B0666 terrigenous sediment, 500733 Rio Grande Rise, subsidence, 720974 trench sedimentation, 870627 Tertiary sediment, physical properties, 010579, sedimentology Miocene, 801180 010581 abyssal plain, 100700, 100701 Paleocene, 801177 stratigraphy and evolution, Porcupine abyssal plain terrigenous sediment, 100699 Tithonian-Hauterivian, 500734 Plain, 801183 East Mariana Basin, 890365 transport, laminae, 230488 turbidite, graywacke, 670541 Mexico, Gulf of, 100706 trench-fill facies, Middle America Trench, turbidites, 500734 physical properties, 100712 670595 volcaniclastics, Eocene, 720957 sediments, 751191 Tuamotu Archipelago, 090040 turbidites, chalk Blake Basin, 760731, 760737, 760741, turbidites, 500734 deposition, Portugal, 47B0388 760742, 760743, 760747, 760899 upper slope Philippine Sea, Mariana Islands, 600435 seismic profiles, 220351 displaced faunas, 800732 turbidites, diatom Argo Plain, 220351 sand, quartz, 800732 gas, interstitial, geochemistry, 640783 Cocos Basin, 220365 Vema Fracture Zone, 040662 hydrocarbon, extractable, organic seismic reflection, correlation, 210463 Venezuelan Basin, 040665 petrology, 640837 seismic stratigraphy, 890384, 901330 burial, 040666 kerogen, organic geochemistry, 640883 erosion, 901334 Vigo Seamount, sedimentation, 47B0047 lipid, organic geochemistry, 640883 Hikurangi Trench S, 901333 volcanic deposit, 901181 organic geochemistry, Quaternary, 640819 Miocene reflectors, 440529 volcaniclastic protokerogen, hydrothermal effects, 640905 848 Turbidites, eolian-sand

turbidites, eolian-sand Angola Basin, geologic evolution, 750514 890656 distribution, 41S0954 Galicia Bank, tectonics, 47B0665 extension, 901483 glaciation, 41S0952 lithology, 100091, 290048 grading, coarse-tail, 890369 Neogene, 41S0952 Mesozoic deposits, 47B0053 inorganic geochemistry, sediments, rocks, paleoclimate, 41S0953, 41S0954 Neogene sedimentation, sediment evolution 750951 sea level, Sahara, 41S0953, 41S0955 and sources, 47A0612 Lalitha Pinnacle, 901483 turbidites, lime Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, 38S0266 lithology, 320298 Atlantic Ocean N, Mediterranean Sea, red beds, sedimentary structure, secondary, lithostratigraphy, 901473 110814, 110817 38S0266 load cast, 890370 Jurassic sedimentation, 760852 sedimentation, acoustic stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, Challenger Plateau, micrite, 760853 47B0665 901289, 901296 microsparite, bioclastic, 760853, 760854 turbidites, siliceous Miocene-Oligocene, 600455 pelmicrite, bioclastic, 760852 chert, Cretaceous, 430443 mudstone, volcanic, 901483 turbidites, mud, 130268, 180858 clinoptilolite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472 New Zealand Angola Basin interstitial water, 430671 Cenozoic changes, 901230 biostratigraphy, 750449 lithology, 430206, 430331 tectonics, 901231 geologic evolution, 750518 phillipsite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472 ooids, 890369 California, Gulf of, 650468 porcellanite, Eocene, 430443 palagonitization, 901483 Pliocene, Quaternary, 640511 turbidites, silt, 180847 particle, origin, 901226 deposition, Portugal, 47B0383, 47B0385 Africa, continental margin NW, 410967 sandstone, 890370 geochemistry Alaska, Gulf of, 180847 scouring, 890370 California, Gulf of, 640698 sedimentology, 180847, 180848, 180851, South Island, New Zealand, 901483 Guaymas Basin, 640699, 640712 180853, 180855, 180857, 180858, 180859, Southeast Indian Ridge, 901483 Guaymas Basin, 640512 180861 Tasman Sea, 901483 interstitial water, organic geochemistry, continental margin sedimentation, 280731 volcanism, off-axis, 901483 California, Gulf of, 640934 progradation, 280754 Walvis Ridge, transect, 740649 intraslope basin, sediments, 960819 continental margin sediments, 280736 turbidites, volcaniclastic, 430407, 430409, Japan Trench, stratigraphy, 870923, 870924 deposition, Portugal, 47B0383 430816 lithology, 130268 lithology, deposition, 180409 apatite, 430407 Mesozoic deposits, 47B0052, 47BOO53 Philippine Sea, Paleogene-Neogene, 310851 Atlantic Ocean NW middle fan, organic matter, 960752 reflection horizon, Horizon A, 040671 acoustic stratigraphy, 430829 Mississippi Fan, fine-scale morphology, sedimentary structure, grading, 960530 sedimentary evolution, 430816 960435 sedimentology, 180847 Bermuda, 430408 Nankai Trough, 870644 Alaska, Gulf of, 180847 clinoptilolite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472 major element, 870644 turbidites, siltstone clinopyroxene, 430407 Neogene sedimentation Angola Basin, geologic evolution, 750518 Coral Sea E, geology, 300660 intercalated, 47A0603 lithology, 42A0230 deposition, 300438 lithology, 47A0609 Mesozoic deposits, 47B0053 facies evolution, 300438 sediment evolution and sources, 47A0612 turbidites, terrigenous epidote, 430407 palynological residue Atlantic Ocean garnet, 430407 gulf mouth, 640731, 640736 Cenozoic sediments, 140859 gravity separation, 430407 pyrite, 640739 Cretaceous sediment, 140859 heavy mineralogy, 430407 pelagic mud distinguished, 180858 Atlantic Ocean NC, Mesozoic sequences, hornblende, 430407 Philippine Sea, Mariana Trough, 600431 411002 isotopic analysis results, Challenger physical properties, Pliocene-Quaternary Atlantic Ocean NE, evolution, 411216, Plateau, 901350 sediments, 640541 411223, 411239 lithology, 430201, 430204 Pigmy Basin, lithology, 960566 Cenozoic sediments, mineral composition, lithostratigraphy, Horizon A, 430829 Pliocene, Quaternary 42B0413 mica, 430407 bed thickness, 640523 lithology, 140261, 500138 mineral, heavy, 430407 morphologic setting, 640512 Mediterranean Sea, lithostratigraphy, 131029 mineralogy physical properties, 640519, 640524 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500811 Mariana Islands, 600458 sedimentology, 640513, 640514, 640515, Nankai Trough, heat flow, 870741 Mariana Trench, 600458 640518 Neogene formations, paleogeography, 42A0915 phillipsite, Atlantic Ocean NW, 430472 slumping, 640524 Norwegian Sea, Greenland Sea, 38S0267 ribbon, 430407 sources, 640522, 640523 organic matter, 500570 source, 430407 structural setting, 640525 palynological residue, 640751 tectonic, Eocene siliceous sedimentation, turbidites, 640524 Guaymas Basin, 640731, 640749 430816 shale, black, Biscay, Bay of, 480877, 480879 red beds, sedimentary structure, secondary, turbidity current, 430408 turbidites, mudstone, 500715 38S0267 turbidity current, 010576, 040659, 040660, Angola Basin, geologic evolution, 750518 Tasman Basin S, borderland, 291136 040662, 050423, 050574, 050605, 110014, lithology, Mesozoic deposits, 47B0053 turbidites, 500734 110918, 110937, 110944, 110947, 120260, Neogene sedimentation, sediment evolution Wisconsin age, 960812 120265, 120369, 120372, 120766, 120907, and sources, 47A0612 turbidites, volcanic, 890369, 890370 120930, 130064, 130066, 130102, 130125, organic geochemistry, 640819 alteration, low-temperature, 901483 130264, 130268, 130743, 140865, 170059, turbidites, quartzose Bouma sequence, 890370 180861, 190889, 210376, 220723, 270135, Brazil Basin, 040660 Challenger Plateau, 901483 310510, 350031, 350131, 350132, 38SO25O, diagenesis, sediments, 750858 clast, 890369, 890371 38S0251, 38S0285, 380391, 380656, lithology, 100297, 100301, 440171 carbonate, 890369 390110, 400069, 401028, 410240, 410498, petroleum generating potential, Magdalena clay, 890370 410974, 410998, 411002, 411044, 411045, Fan, 630958 continental rift system formation, 901483 411090, 411097, 42B0427, 42B0428, turbidites, sand Coral Sea E, geology, 300659, 300660 42B0449, 430336, 430395, 430408, 430413, gas, interstitial, geochemistry, 640783 currents, Eocene-Oligocene, 901231 430816, 440483, 440485, 440489, 440493, turbidite, mineral composition, 670541 debris flows, 901483 440974, 440978, 47A0036, 47B0047, turbidites, sandstone, 500715 diagenesis, 901483 47B0048, 47B0053, 47BO383, 47B0404, accumulation rate, California Borderland S, aspects, 901486 47B0405, 47A0608, 47A0034, 47A0035, 630950 East Mariana Basin, sedimentary history, 490036, 490113, 490319, 500173 Turbidity current 849 accumulation rate, deposition, 960599 ooze, nannofossil, 250493 silt, 300138, 300140 acoustic facies, sedimentology, 960471 Portugal, 47B0383 suspension load, 660683 Africa detrital petrology, transport, 280746 transport, 270135 climate, 411044, 411045 diagenesis, slope sediments, 840582 volcanic sediment, 170059 volcanism, 411044, 411045 fan, submarine, deposits, 310489 magnetic fabric, paleocurrent analysis, Alaska, Gulf of, turbidite, silt, 180861 feldspathic sediment, geologic setting, 870619 Angola Basin 200359 Mariana Basin, history, 890378 Cretaceous, 751010 Feni Ridge, 941239 Mexico, Gulf of, regional aspects, 010634, transport, 751034 Ganges Fan, history, 220406, 220410 100743 anoxia, global, evidence against, 801002, Gardar Ridge, 941239 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 450042 801003 general synthesis Middle America Trench, Costa Rica, 840551, Arabian Sea, history, 231122 accumulation rate, 280930 840554 ash, 870709 biostratigraphy, 280922, 280925 Mississippi Fan, 960443, 960716 geochemistry, 660690, 660691 lithology, 280922, 280925 acoustic facies, 960459 Middle America Trench, 660688 glacial sedimentation, 280760 carbonate, 960541 Atlantic Ocean N grain size, turbidites, 870620 deposition, 960435 Mediterranean Sea, 110817 gravity flow lithology, 960433 sedimentation, 120906, 120907, 120909, deposition, 960543 organic matter, 960748 120930 evolution, 960543 sediment, 960457, 960519 Atlantic Ocean NC, Mesozoic sequences, hydrocarbon, extractable, organic seismic characteristics, 960441 411002 petrology, 580755 Moroccan Basin, margin, 500813 Atlantic Ocean NE, evolution, 411216, hydrocarbon generation potential mud, bottom water, 870913 411233, 411239 coastal origin, 660545 mud, terrigenous, deposition, 250458 Atlantic Ocean NW organic facies, 640869 mudstone, black, sand, radiolarian, 430413 lithology, 110918, 110937, 110947 Iberian margin W, evolution, 47B0761, mudstone, green, sand, radiolarian, 430413 microfacies, 440483, 440485, 440493 47B0766 Nankai Trough regional aspects, 110957, 110966, 110971 Iceland Basin, deposits, 121188 regional stratigraphy, 870917 sedimentary evolution, 430816 Indian Ocean NE turbidite, 870913 sedimentation, 440974, 440978 Cretaceous, 220723 Natal Basin, sand, 250727 Atlantic Ocean S, Mesozoic, 751040 sediment history, 220723 Neogene formations, paleogeography, Atlantic Ocean SE, paleoenvironmental Indian Ocean W, regional aspects, 250754, 42A0910, 42A0920 evolution, 740672 250758 Neogene sedimentation, lithology, 47A0608 Atlantic Ocean W Indus Fan, sedimentation, 230490 New Jersey Transect, 950805, 950809 Brazil Basin, 040659, 040660 intraslope basin, types, 960564 Norwegian Sea Vema Fracture Zone, 040662 Labrador Sea S, terrigenous sediment, 121164 Greenland Sea, 38S0285 Bahama Islands, geology, 110887 Lansdowne Bank, seismic facies, 901339 regional conclusions, 38S0251 Baja California S, deposition, 630957 lithology, 060588, 100060, 100071, 100072, ooze, nannofossil, deposition, 300432 Biscay, Bay of N, continental margin, 481039 100089, 100091, 100092, 100093, 100096, organic facies origin Brazil Basin, transport, 040659 100169, 100189, 100297, 100298, 100301, Guaymas Basin, 660545 breccia, volcanic, Neogene, 630636 110318, 120264, 120267, 130053, 130113, Mississippi Fan, 660545 California, Gulf of, 650471, 650475 130124, 130125, 130149, 130158, 130231, transport, 660545 deposition, 650474 130243, 130270, 130370, 130390, 140025, organic geochemistry, 630948, 640950 mouth sediments, 650439 140141, 180175, 180295, 180382, 180413, Guaymas Basin, 640943 Salado-Vinorama, 641071 180456, 210373, 210374, 220330, 250032, transport, 630948 carbon, geochemistry, 610624 250093, 250095, 250184, 250185, 250267, organic matter carbonate, origin, 010554 270020, 270285, 280130, 280185, 280217, migration, 630943 Cenozoic sedimentation 280220, 280340, 300073, 300075, 310280, origin, 670598 Bering Sea, 190889 310320, 310411, 320319, 330318, 350073, trench sediments, 660541 Pacific Ocean N, 190889 350086, 350161, 350171, 360022, 380391, organic sediments, origin, 660545 chalk, nannofossil 380656, 390032, 390033, 390109, 390118, Pacific Ocean NE calcarenite, 010521 400205, 400234, 410240, 42A0036, grain size, 050423 calcisiltite, 010521 42B0124, 42A0238, 430046, 430101, lithology, 050574, 050605 chert 430102, 430210, 430213, 440162, 490026, regional aspects, 050635 siltstone-carbonate cycle, 300437 490102, 500144 Pacific Ocean SW, island arcs, 300693 transport, 300437 breccia, 120260, 120265 paleoenvironment, Hauterivian to clastic sediment, Cretaceous, 401028 Campanian, 110014 Cenomanian, 47B0404, 47B0405 clay, origin, 020418 Cenozoic deposits, 47B0047, 47B0048 palygorskite, 411090, 411097 clay mineralogy, 650371, 750862 clay, 120766, 300138, 300140 pelagic sedimentation, 010576 Cretaceous water depths, 400069 montmorillonite-illite-chlorite Porcupine Plain, Albian-Cenomanian, 800978 deposition, 430336, 47A0034, 47A0035 assemblage, 650369 red beds, sediment history, 38S0285 energy, 870615 clay, terrigenous, deposition, 291060 regional problems, carbonate, 061302 geologic events, 210376 conglomerate, deposition, 580647 Rio Grande Rise, subsidence, 720971 limestone, 170059 continental margin sedimentation, Rio Grande Rise N, regional setting, marl, 130066 initiation, 280754 250693, 250698 continental margin sediments, 280738 Mesozoic deposits, 47B0053 San Jose Canyon, erosion, 840930 Coral Sea E, geology, 300653 ooze, 130264 sand Cretaceous sediments, microfacies and ooze, foraminiferal, 130486 origin, 010564, 020418 micro fabrics, 410498 ooze, marl, 130064 Pacific Ocean NW, 310510 currents, 480758 ooze, nannofossil, 130102 sand, glauconitic, sandstone, 291152 Daito Ridge, sandstone, 580609 paleoenvironment, 490036, 490113, 490319, sand, turbidite, 010576 deposition 500173 sandstone, source, 840932 chalk, nannofossil, 250493 sand, 130102, 130264 sediment current, 280729 sandstone, 120372, 130066 interpretation, 960484 Equatorial Plateau, 300440 sandstone, volcanic, 120369 physical properties, 010579 models, 750837, 750838, 750839, 750841, sedimentation, 350031, 350032, 350131, sediment accumulation, flow 960738 350132 characteristics, 960599 850 Turbidity current

sediment dispersal, 390403, 390404 410991, 42A0219, 42B0359, 42B0453, Makarov Seamount, 200505 sediment source 42B0462, 42B0518, 42A0870, 42A0903, marl, dolomitic, 130667 channel levees, 960485 42A0944, 42A0953, 42A0974, 42A0975, marl ooze, 130667 deposition, 960485 42A0985, 42B1157, 42B1174, 660661, 760875 Messinian environments sediment waves, 941238 Atlantic Ocean N, Mediterranean Sea, 110802 Lago Mare, 42A1025 sedimentary environments, Atlantic Ocean N, Balkan Peninsula, block, 760874 Mediterranean Sea, 42A1031 440979 coast, 42B0469 Messinian fossils, 42A1017 sedimentary evolution, Eocene sediments, hinterland, 42B0389 salinity crisis, 42A1026 430816 margin, 42B1079 mineralogy, 130667 sedimentary facies, sedimentation model, Messinian environments, Lago Mare, 42A1031 oxygen isotope, foraminifers, 130798 870627 Neogene formations, paleogeography, paleomagnetic stratigraphy, Ionian Basin, sedimentary processes, 840558 42A0903, 42A0906, 42A0915, 42A0918, 131385 sedimentary structure 42A0921 Paleomagnetism, 130599 clay, 960530 Paratethys, paleogeography, 42A0985 Pliocene, 130667 deposition, 960530 plate, 42A0903, 42A0906, 42A0988 quartz, 130667 mud, 960530 rivers, 42B0499 Quaternary, 130667, 131263 mud, silt-laminated, 960525 slopes, 42B1158 Mediterranean Sea, 131263 silt, 960524 south, 130971 tectonics, 131011 seismic profiles, 200547 southern coast, 130982 Tethys, 42A0947 sepiolite, 411090, 411097 Tethys, Mediterranean Sea, 42A0944 Mediterranean Sea, 42A0947, 42A0948 shrinkage anisotropy, influence, 960815 Turkmenistan W, magnetic polarity reversal, Tyrrhenian Plain, 130010, 42A0004, 42A0531, silica, opaline, transformation, 480758 720589 42A0862 silt, terrigenous, deposition, 291060 Tuscany, 131227, 131406, 42A1074, 760642, basalt, 42A0509 siltstone, 320542 760873 biostratigraphy, 42A1139 Somali Basin, sand, 250727 gabbro, 131063 Tyrrhenian Rise, 130403, 131341, 131380 sonic velocity, anisotropy, 960816 Messinian environments, Lago Mare, 42A1026 carbonate South Fiji Basin Tutuila, American Samoa, volcanic origin, carbon isotope, stable, 130796 geology, 300621, 300624 330779 diagenesis, 130796 history, 300629 Tuxtla, uplifting, 100071 oxygen isotope, stable, 130796 Southeast Pacific Basin Tyrrhenian Basin, 110806, 130005, 130158, circulation, oceanic, 131404 evolution, geologic, 350730, 350735, 130180, 130268, 130335, 130403, 130405, barriers, 131403 350738, 350739 130412, 130466, 130581, 130587, 130596, changes, 131400 sediment distribution, 350205, 350206, 130599, 130608, 130689, 130789, 130796, isotopic exchange, 131402 350218, 350223, 350226 130798, 130817, 131002, 131034, 131047, sill, 131403 stratification, pulses, 960517 131207, 131263, 131279, 131284, 131288, Tyrrhenian Basin, 131402 stratigraphy, foraminiferal, pond, 450322 131295, 131343, 131353, 131385, 131387, evaporite mineral, stable isotopes, 130788 tectonic, Eocene siliceous sedimentation, 131393, 131402, 131405, 131412, 160718, interstitial water 430816 42A0003, 42A0515, 42B0517 anhydrite, 130807 transport, 230486, 230488, 230489 Alboran Basin W, 130581 calcium sulfate, 130808 tuff, Neogene, 630636 anhydrite, compressional wave velocities, evaporites, 130806 turbidites, 300430, 300433, 430395 130596 gypsum, 130808 bedding, graded, 250449 biostratigraphy halite, 130807 calciturbidites, 300433 heat flow, 42A1140 magnesium, 130806 deposition, 250453, 250454, 300429 Mediterranean Sea, 42A1139 strontium, 130807 fan, submarine, 300430 Bonin Trench, 200505 sulfate, 130806 foraminifers, 300433 carbon isotope, carbonate, 130796 lithology, 130428 generation, 670541, 670542 carbonate Messinian environments mineral composition, 670542 carbon isotope, 130796 Messinian fossils, 42A1017 New Guinea, 300433 oxygen isotope, 130796 salinity crisis, 42A1026 ooze, nannofossil, 300433 circulation, oceanic, 131402 mineralogy scouring, 300433 isotopic evidence, 131400 anhydrite, 130608 sedimentation, 870627 elastics, calcareous biogenic, 130667 calcite, 130608 turbidites, volcaniclastic, 430408 clay, 130667 chlorite, 130667 varve, sedimentation rate, 42B0501 compression, Mediterranean Sea, 131011 clay, 130681 Vema Fracture Zone, 040662 dolomite, 42A0541 dolomite, 130681 volcanic deposit, 901185 isotope geochemistry, 42A0541 feldspar, 130681 volcanic sediment origin, 42A0541 goethite, 130608 lithostratigraphy, 901176 petrology, 42A0541 gypsum, 130608, 130680 source, 330792 evaporites, 130667 hematite, 130608, 130667 Voring Plateau, sedimentary/tectonic Mediterranean Sea, 130700, 130701, illite, 130608 history, 380782 130702, 130706 iron oxide, 130667 turbidity current, high-density extension, 131011 Kaolinite, 130608, 130667 carbonate, gravity-flow deposit, 960546 geophysical surveys, 130581 marl, 130681, 130682 intraslope basin, types, 960564 Gorringe Ridge, 130581 mica, 130608, 130667 Mississippi Fan gypsum, 130667 montmorillonite, 130608, 130667 carbonate, 960541 compressional wave velocities, 130596 ooze, nannofossil, 130682 sediment, 960432 interbedding, 130667 palygorskite, 130608 turbidity current, low-density Ionian Basin, 131288, 131290, 131291, phillipsite, 130667 sedimentary structure 131293, 131294 quartz, 130681 clay, 960530 limestone sedimentation rate, 130608 mud, 960530 compressional wave velocities, 130596 oxygen isotope, 130794, 130798 Turgay, 38SO3O1, 381174 isotope geochemistry, 42A0541 paleomagnetic stratigraphy, 131380 Turin Hills, Messinian environments, salinity origin, 450541 Paleomagnetism, 130599, 130600 crisis, 42A1005 petrology, 42A0541 spinning, 130599 Turkey, 110802, 130231, 130357, 130669, 130691, lithostratigraphy, 42A1139 reflection profile correlations, 130587 130739, 130973, 131203, 131224, 131258, heat flow, 42A1140 sulfate mineral, 130794 Tyushevsk Formation 851

sulfate mineral (Cont.) interstitial water, 130794 Tyrrhenian Sea, 110802, 130057, 130412, 130587, 130609, 130667, 130680, 130689, 130719, 130806, 131021, 131027, 131034, 131407, 42A0151, 42A0395 biostratigraphy, Mediterranean Sea, 42A1139 central, 42A0515 deep currents, 130591 evaporites, Miocene, 130591 heat flow, 42A0863 interval velocities, 130587 lithologic break, 130590 Mediterranean Sea lithostratigraphy, 131027, 131034, 131035 Messinian, 130680, 130681, 130682, 130690 mineralogy, 130680 Pliocene interval, 130591 Proto-Tyrrhenian, intrasutural basin, 42A0977 Quaternary, 130591 Reflector M, 130590 seamounts, 42A0515 temperature, heat flow, 42A0857, 42A0863 Tyushevsk Formation, 190822