Radical Pan-Africanism and Africa's Integration
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The Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and Current Developments
The Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and Current Developments Ted Dagne Specialist in African Affairs February 4, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40108 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Democratic Republic of Congo: Background and Current Developments Summary In October 2008, the forces of the National Congress for the Defense of the Congolese People (CNDP), under the command of General Laurent Nkunda, launched a major offensive against the Democratic Republic of Congo Armed Forces (FARDC) in eastern Congo. Within days, the CNDP captured a number of small towns and Congolese forces retreated in large numbers. Eastern Congo has been in a state of chaos for over a decade. The first rebellion to oust the late President Mobutu Sese Seko began in the city of Goma in the mid-1990s. The second rebellion in the late 1990s began also in eastern Congo. The root causes of the current crisis are the presence of over a dozen militia and extremist groups, both foreign and Congolese, in eastern Congo, and the failure to fully implement peace agreements signed by the parties. Over the past 14 years, the former Rwandese armed forces and the Interhamwe militia have been given a safe haven in eastern Congo and have carried out many attacks inside Rwanda and against Congolese civilians. A Ugandan rebel group, the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), is also in Congo, despite an agreement reached between the LRA and the Government of Uganda. In November 2008, United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon appointed former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo as his envoy to help broker a peace agreement to end the crisis in eastern Congo. -
Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality
Illinois State University ISU ReD: Research and eData Theses and Dissertations 3-22-2019 Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality Emmanuella Amoh Illinois State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, and the African History Commons Recommended Citation Amoh, Emmanuella, "Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 1067. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd/1067 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ISU ReD: Research and eData. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ISU ReD: Research and eData. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KWAME NKRUMAH, HIS AFRO-AMERICAN NETWORK AND THE PURSUIT OF AN AFRICAN PERSONALITY EMMANUELLA AMOH 105 Pages This thesis explores the pursuit of a new African personality in post-colonial Ghana by President Nkrumah and his African American network. I argue that Nkrumah’s engagement with African Americans in the pursuit of an African Personality transformed diaspora relations with Africa. It also seeks to explore Black women in this transnational history. Women are not perceived to be as mobile as men in transnationalism thereby underscoring their inputs in the construction of certain historical events. But through examining the lived experiences of Shirley Graham Du Bois and to an extent Maya Angelou and Pauli Murray in Ghana, the African American woman’s role in the building of Nkrumah’s Ghana will be explored in this thesis. -
The Chair of the African Union
Th e Chair of the African Union What prospect for institutionalisation? THE EVOLVING PHENOMENA of the Pan-African organisation to react timeously to OF THE CHAIR continental and international events. Th e Moroccan delegation asserted that when an event occurred on the Th e chair of the Pan-African organisation is one position international scene, member states could fail to react as that can be scrutinised and defi ned with diffi culty. Its they would give priority to their national concerns, or real political and institutional signifi cance can only be would make a diff erent assessment of such continental appraised through a historical analysis because it is an and international events, the reason being that, con- institution that has evolved and acquired its current trary to the United Nations, the OAU did not have any shape and weight through practical engagements. Th e permanent representatives that could be convened at any expansion of the powers of the chairperson is the result time to make a timely decision on a given situation.2 of a process dating back to the era of the Organisation of Th e delegation from Sierra Leone, a former member African Unity (OAU) and continuing under the African of the Monrovia group, considered the hypothesis of Union (AU). the loss of powers of the chairperson3 by alluding to the Indeed, the desirability or otherwise of creating eff ect of the possible political fragility of the continent on a chair position had been debated among members the so-called chair function. since the creation of the Pan-African organisation. -
S/Res/1679 (2006)
United Nations S/RES/1679 (2006) Security Council Distr.: General 16 May 2006 Resolution 1679 (2006) Adopted by the Security Council at its 5439th meeting, on 16 May 2006 The Security Council, Recalling its previous resolutions concerning the situation in the Sudan, in particular resolutions 1665 (2006), 1663 (2006), 1593 (2005), 1591 (2005), 1590 (2005), 1574 (2004), 1564 (2004), 1556 (2004) and the statements of its President concerning the Sudan, in particular S/PRST/2006/5 of 3 February 2006 and S/PRST/2006/21 of 9 May 2006, Recalling also its resolutions 1612 (2005) on children and armed conflict, 1325 (2000) on women, peace and security, and 1674 (2006) on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, and 1502 (2003) on the protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel, Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity, independence, and territorial integrity of the Sudan, which would be unaffected by transition to a United Nations operation, as well as of all States in the region, and to the cause of peace, security and reconciliation throughout the Sudan, Expressing its utmost concern over the dire consequences of the prolonged conflict in Darfur for the civilian population and reiterating in the strongest terms the need for all parties to the conflict in Darfur to put an immediate end to violence and atrocities, Welcoming the success of the African Union-led Inter-Sudanese Peace Talks on the Conflict in Darfur in Abuja, Nigeria, in particular the framework agreed between the parties for a resolution of the conflict in Darfur (the Darfur Peace Agreement), Commending the efforts of President Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria, host of the Inter-Sudanese Peace Talks in Abuja; President Denis Sassou-Nguesso of the Republic of Congo, Chair of the African Union (AU); Dr. -
1 Chairperson, President Olusegun Obasanjo, Your Excellencies
Chairperson, President Olusegun Obasanjo, Your Excellencies, Friends, Ladies and gentlemen: It is of course not by accident that we have convened in Algiers to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the historic UN Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. Much as the Declaration made an important contribution to international law and the ordering of the system of international relations, in favour of the colonised, it was at the same time a product of the heroic struggles of the colonised, a signal of the invincibility of the struggles for independence and national liberation. In terms of the events calendar of Africa’s fighters for liberation, 1960, the year of the adoption of the Declaration, started here in this city on January 24 with the counter-revolutionary insurrection of the colonisers during what in France was called La semaine des barricades ("the barricades week"), which ultimately failed. When General Charles de Gaulle addressed a call to the French armed forces during that week, on January 29, which forces were engaged in a desperate struggle to defeat the Algerian Front for National Liberation, he said: “I say to all of our soldiers: your mission comprises neither equivocation, nor interpretation. You have to liquidate the rebellious force which wants to oust France out of Algeria and impose on this country its dictatorship of misery and sterility...” De Gaulle’s dream of liquidating ‘the rebellious force’ proved to be as illusory as the wishes of the pieds- noirs that they could deny Algeria her independence. However, as the year 1960 began, these events from afar communicated the message to us that the sister people of Algeria would have to make more sacrifices to achieve their victory. -
Interpreting Sanctions in Africa and Southeast Asia
IRE0010.1177/0047117815600934Hellquist<italic>International Relations</italic>International Relations 600934research-article2015 CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Institutional Repository of the Freie Universität Berlin Article International Relations 2015, Vol. 29(3) 319 –333 Interpreting sanctions in © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: Africa and Southeast Asia sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0047117815600934 ire.sagepub.com Elin Hellquist Free University of Berlin and Stockholm University Abstract The Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) were both born to stabilise vulnerable state borders by practising non-interference in domestic affairs. Today, the OAU’s successor, the African Union (AU), uses sanctions against unconstitutional changes of government, while ASEAN continues to rule out any collective punitive action against members. To explain these divergent trajectories, this article first shows how different traditions produced different ways of engaging with sanctions in the early formative cases of South Africa and Vietnam. Thereafter, it examines how these traditions were selectively re-thought when confronted with the dilemmas of international sanctions against Libya and Myanmar. The interpretive approach enables a nuanced account of continuity and change in beliefs about sanctions. The AU’s sanctions doctrine has updated rather than broken with a traditional interpretation of non-interference. For ASEAN, the longstanding tradition of informality – and not strict adherence to non-interference – has continued to rule out regional sanctions. Keywords African Union, ASEAN, comparative regionalism, non-interference, Organization of African Unity, sanctions Regional cooperation in Africa and Southeast Asia began with a similar aim: to protect the sovereignty of vulnerable postcolonial states. -
AMERICAN Committee on AFRICA Steering Eommittee March
AMERICAN COMMiTTEE ON AFRICA Steering eommittee March 26. 1963 MINUTES 1. Brief Reports a. Mason Sears: .It was reported that Mason Sears had responded with a very • cordial note indicating his acceptance of his election as a member of the National Committee. He also said that he would be willing to try to make Board meetings from time to time if this was agreeable. b. Chiume and Chipembere: It was reported that Kanyama Chiume, Minister of Education, Social Development and Information in the Nyasaland Government and Masauko Chipembere, Minister of Local Government and Treasurer-General of the Malawi Congress Party were visiting this country tmder a State Department grant. A small dinner with a few interested members of the Board is planned for March 27th. 2. Makeba Benefit: Benefit tickets for the Makeba concert at Carnegie Hall have not been going very well so far. It was suggested that a number of the Board members who had not yet been reached about contacting their friends to interest them in buying tickets for the benefit, should be called. 3. Africa Freedom Day: The Africa Freedom Day program is now pretty well arranged. The speakers include Holden Roberto, Oliver Tambo, Jarire tundu Kozonguizi, Kanyama Chiume and Eduardo Mondlane. It was agreed by the Board that Hope Stevens should act as Chairman for the evening and make the fund appeal on behalf of the Committee. 4. Ship picketing: George Houser reported that Hope Stevens, Collin Gonze and James Farmer had met with the President of the longshoremen's local in Brooklyn, Anthony Scotto, to discuss a demonstration against South African ships coming into harbor. -
Tanzania-Zambia Railway: Escape Route from Neocolonial Control? Alvin W
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Anthropology Faculty Publications Anthropology 1970 Tanzania-Zambia Railway: Escape Route from Neocolonial Control? Alvin W. Wolfe [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/ant_facpub Part of the Anthropology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Wolfe, Alvin W., "Tanzania-Zambia Railway: Escape Route from Neocolonial Control?" (1970). Anthropology Faculty Publications. 10. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/ant_facpub/10 This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. f.~m NONALIGNED THIRD WORLD ANNUAL 1970 ';;~~: Books International ot DH-T~ %n~ernational St. Louis, Missouri, USA . \ ESCAPE ROUTE ALVINW. WOLFE* THE FIRST REQUISITE for African development is that African countries combine what little wealth and power they have toward the end of getting a greater share of the products of world industry. They may be able to get that greater share by forcing through better terms of trade or better terms in aid, but they will never get any greater share by continuing along present paths, whereby each weak and poor country "negotiates" separately with strong and rich developed countries and supranational emities such as the World Bank and major private companies. If they hope to break thos.e ne,ocolonial bonds, Africans must unite- -
Twenty Years on the African Union's Continental Diplomacy Has Changed
Candice Moore April 30th, 2021 Twenty years on the African Union’s continental diplomacy has changed 0 comments | 6 shares Estimated reading time: 5 minutes On the 20th anniversary of the Constitutive Act of the African Union entering into force, Candice Moore reects on the diplomacy, vision and paradigm changes that brought it into being, and the differences between then and the Union today. Just over 20 years ago, something noteworthy occurred. In a very unusual outcome for continental politics, African statesmen agreed to the creation of a new continent-wide African institution to replace the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), a body that had been known as a ‘Club of Dictators’. Under the strong leadership of three African leaders, each with their own agenda, the continent’s ruling class was ushered to a new understanding of continental security and cooperation, even if only on paper. South Africa’s Thabo Mbeki, Libya’s Muammar Ghadda and Nigeria’s Olusegun Obasanjo, through varying degrees of deft diplomacy and, it must be said, money on Ghadda’s part, fashioned a new African organisation whose premises were starkly different from its predecessor’s. More generally, the rst decade of the 21st century was an inspiring time in continental politics. The new African Union (AU) was agreed to in August 1999. The Constitutive Act that gives shape to the new worldview embraced by the continent entered into force in 2001 – the same year the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) was established. The AU itself was launched in Durban, South Africa, in 2002. -
House .Of Representatives W
,7354 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 28 the Navy, subject to qualification therefor Grant that amid the strain and stress H. R. 7328. An act to promote the national as provided by law. of life's hard and difficult experiences; defense by authorizing the construction of Harold N. Glasser (Reserve officer) to be when we are tempted to yield to defeat aeronautical-research facilities by the Na tional Advisory Committee for Aeronautics lieutenant (junior grade) in the Dental ism and despair, may we have within our Corps in the Navy, subject to qualification necessary to the effective prosecution of therefor as provided by law. hearts the unshakable confidence that aeronautical research; The following-named Reserve officers to be Thy divine providence is ever 'round H. R. 7329. An act to repeal section 1174 second lieutenants in the Marine Corps, sub about us. of the Revised Statutes, as amended, re ject to qualification therefor as provided by May the presence and message of the lating to the cooperation of medical officers law: ruler, whose small nation stood forth with line officers in superintending cooking Glen S. Aspinwall Richard L. Martin bravely as one of the calvaries of de by enlisted men; and H. R. 7452. An act for the relief of Therese Ralph C. Carlisle, Jr. Edwin 0. Schwendt mocracy, stir our hearts with compas Boehner Soisson. Edward J. A. Castagna Thomas S. Simms sion and with a yearning to lift smitten On May 28, 19!)4: Alphonse J. Ca.stellanaCharles Solomon and afflicted humanity out of its miseries H. R. 2696. -
An Afrocentric Case Study Policy Analysis of Florida Statute 1003.42(H) CHIKE AKUA Georgia State University
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Educational Policy Studies Dissertations Department of Educational Policy Studies Fall 1-6-2017 The Life of a Policy: An Afrocentric Case Study Policy Analysis of Florida Statute 1003.42(h) CHIKE AKUA Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss Recommended Citation AKUA, CHIKE, "The Life of a Policy: An Afrocentric Case Study Policy Analysis of Florida Statute 1003.42(h)." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2017. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss/155 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Educational Policy Studies at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Educational Policy Studies Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ACCEPTANCE This dissertation, THE LIFE OF A POLICY: AN AFROCENTRIC CASE STUDY POLICY ANALYSIS OF FLORIDA STATUTE 1003.42(H), by CHIKE AKUA, was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s Dissertation Advisory Committee. It is accepted by the committee members in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Education and Human Development, Georgia State University. The Dissertation Advisory Committee and the student’s Department Chair, as representatives of the faculty, certify that this dissertation has met all standards of excellence and scholarship as determined by the faculty. _________________________________ _________________________________ Joyce E. King, Ph.D. Janice Fournillier, Ph.D. Committee Chair Committee Member _________________________________ _________________________________ Kristen Buras, Ph.D. Akinyele Umoja, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member _________________________________ Date _________________________________ William Curlette, Ph.D. -
Guide to Material at the LBJ Library Pertaining to Africa
LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON L I B R A R Y & M U S E U M www.lbjlibrary.org Revised December 2009 MATERIAL AT THE JOHNSON LIBRARY PERTAINING TO AFRICA [Note: The following related guides are also available: the Middle East; and Foreign Aid, Food for Peace and Third World Economic Development -- Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The United Arab Republic is not included in this guide. Anyone interested in the U.A.R. should consult the guide on the Middle East.] INTRODUCTION This guide lists the principal files at the Johnson Library that contain material on Africa, but it is not exhaustive. While most of the collections listed in the guide have been processed and are available for research, some files may not yet be available. Researchers should consult the Library’s finding aids to locate additional material and to determine whether specific files are available for research. Some of the finding aids are on the Library’s web site, www.lbjlib.utexas.edu, and others can be sent by mail or electronically. Researchers interested in Africa should also consult the Foreign Relations of the United States. This multi-volume series published by the Office of the Historian of the Department of State presents the official documentary historical record of major foreign policy decisions and diplomatic activity of the United States government. The volumes are available online at the Department of State web site which may be accessed at the “Related Links” button, under the “Research” button on the Johnson Library web site, www.lbjlib.utexas.edu. NATIONAL SECURITY FILE This file was the working file of President Johnson's special assistants for national security affairs, McGeorge Bundy and Walt W.