aynrand.org/impact Volume 19, Number 5, May 2013

Yaron Brook Speaks Objectivist Summer Conference Is Almost Here . . . to a Wide Array Register Today!

of Audiences history to psychology, music and current events. In addition, there is plenty of time to his spring ARI executive socialize with others who share some of director T your deepest values. It is common to see traveled all over the world. people enjoying conversations with other He participated in debates, attendees late into the night. Those in lectured on college campuses, attendance vary widely in age, occupation sat on panels and much more, and the number of years they have been discussing topics ranging familiar with ’s ideas. Some have from and economic only recently discovered Rand, while others history to law and taxes. have attended the Objectivist summer Throughout his travels, t’s not too late to register for the annual Objec- conference for more than two decades. Some are Dr. Brook advocated Ayn Rand’s ideas and their tivist summer conference, which takes place this students still deciding which career to pursue while application to current issues to thousands of peo- I year July 5–11 in Chicago at the Westin Michigan others are well established in business, academia ple, ranging from college students and academic Avenue Hotel. and other fields. Many attendees have communi- scholars to policy activists and congressional staff- The conference offers a unique opportunity cated to ARI in past years that they have met their ers. Below is a sampling of Dr. Brook’s speaking to meet other fans of Ayn Rand. No other event closest friends and even, for some, their significant events this spring, arranged by audience type. brings together so many fans, scholars and other others at the conference. (Read on page 3 about Students and Faculty supporters of Rand’s books and ideas. It’s the larg- why one attendee attends the conferences.) est gathering of Objectivists in the world. There is no event like the annual Objectivist • “Capitalism Without Guilt: The Moral Case for During the conference, you have the opportu- summer conference. Attendees have an unrivaled Freedom,” Second Language of Liberty Semi- nity to further your understanding of Ayn Rand’s opportunity to socialize, network and learn. nar, Porto Alegre, Brazil, April 7 ideas by taking the many educational courses To register for the conference, visit objectivist • “ Capitalism vs. The Mixed Economy: Which offered on topics that range from art, science and conferences.com. We hope to see you there! System Is Better?,” debate with Karl Smith, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, March 20 • “Capitalism Without Guilt,” Baruch College, New York City, March 14 The Value of ARI’s Support for an Academic Career • “ Revolution: How Ayn Rand’s Interview with OAC Alumnus Gregory Salmieri Ideas Can End Big Government,” Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, March 13; University of California Davis, Davis, CA, GS: The combination of teaching and doing February 20 one’s own research. I’ve always enjoyed explaining • “ Capitalism in Crisis,” debate with David things to people, so the idea of teaching always Schweickart, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, Objectivist Academic Center appealed to me—even as a child. I also always March 12 wanted to discover or create new things and to hrough their various programs, ARI and the communicate them to peers. I see an academic Scholars T Anthem Foundation for Objectivist Scholar- career as an integration of research and teaching: • “Beyond Politics,” colloquium, Liberty Fund, ship provide financial and intellectual support for a professor works on the frontier of a branch of Petrópolis, Brazil, April 4–7 promising students interested in academic careers. knowledge and uses the perspective gained by • “Issues in of Law,” law workshop at The following interview is the fourth in a series doing so to effectively communicate the relevant Ayn Rand Center, Alexandria, VA, February 27 highlighting students in our programs who have ideas to students at different levels. now begun careers in academia. Impact: You’ve previously described yourself Policy Activists and Leaders The Anthem Foundation is a 501(c)(3) organi- as a “second-generation Objectivist academic.” • “Morality and the Marketplace,” Georgia Policy zation, separate from ARI, which provides funding Could you explain? Institute, Atlanta, GA, March 19 to colleges and universities whose academics are GS: Most Objectivist students study Rand’s • “Individual Rights,” congressional briefings, engaged in serious scholarship based on Objectiv- ideas separately from their academic work—either Washington, D.C., February 28 ism. To learn more, visit anthemfoundation.org. on their own or by taking classes from ARI. But • “Are We Too Big to Fail? What Did We Learn I was fortunate enough to have some Objectivist from the Global Financial Summit?,” panel Impact: What is your current position, professors within academia. As an undergraduate continued on page 4 Dr. Salmieri? at the College of New Jersey, I had courses with Gregory Salmieri: I am a , so I learned as an visiting scholar and lecturer in organic part of my undergraduate philosophy edu- philosophy at Boston Univer- cation, alongside more conventional subjects. sity, where I hold a Fellowship When I went to graduate school at the Uni- in Objectivity and Values versity of Pittsburgh, Jim Lennox was my adviser. sponsored by the Anthem Most of my work with Jim was focused on ancient Foundation for Objectivist philosophy, rather than on Objectivism as such, but Scholarship. having that shared context was very helpful. A few Impact: What attracted years into my graduate program, Allan moved to you most to an academic Pittsburgh on an Anthem Foundation fellowship, Yaron Brook discussing capitalism at Saxo Bank in Copenhagen career? continued on page 2 The Value of ARI’s Support for an Academic Career, continued from page 1 so I had both of them there to study with. Allan organized a number of workshops where Objectiv- ists and other philosophers met to discuss issues of mutual interest. Because of all of this, my study of and thinking about Objectivism was more a part of my academic life than I think it is for most Objec- tivist students. Impact: Speaking of Drs. Gotthelf and Len- Why Leads to and value. nox, we understand you have some essays forth- “Do not confuse altruism with kindness, coming in a book they have edited. Would you tell Statism good will or respect for the rights of others. us about that? These are not primaries, but consequences, GS: I have contributed two essays to the In this section, Impact highlights writings from which, in fact, altruism makes impossible. The collection Concepts and Their Role in Knowledge, Ayn Rand’s corpus for fans who wish to learn irreducible primary of altruism, the basic abso- which should be released this month. The book more about her philosophy, Objectivism. lute, is self-sacrifice—which means: self-im- is the first work about Objectivist epistemology molation, self-abnegation, self-denial, self-de- geared to academic philosophers, and it is the sec- he Holocaust. Gulags. Secret Police. Mass struction—which means: the self as a standard ond volume in the Ayn Rand Society’s Philosophi- Toppression. Mass squalor. Mass starvation. of evil, the selfless as a standard of the good.” cal Studies series. Allan and Jim are the editors of Mass death. In every country in which they’ve (Faith and Force: The Destroyers of the Modern that series, with me as consulting editor. been erected, statist political systems such as World,” Philosophy: Who Needs It) The first part of the book is four essays, one communism, fascism, and are The ethical principle of self-sacrifice each by Allan Gotthelf, [ARI vice responsible for the most horrific destruction in ultimately leads to statism in politics. “The president of Intellectual Leadership], Jim Lennox mankind’s history. So how do such systems ever secret dread of modern intellectuals, liberals and myself. Each essay elaborates on a different come into being? and conservatives alike, the unadmitted terror issue in Rand’s epistemology, in a way that con- All political systems, explained Rand, are at the root of their anxiety, which all of their nects it to the contemporary literature. The second based on one’s views of morality: “The answers current irrationalities are intended to stave off part of the book is a series of exchanges with given by ethics determine how man should and to disguise, is the unstated knowledge that other (mostly non-Objectivist) philosophers on the treat other men, and this determines the fourth Soviet Russia is the full, actual, literal, consis- subjects raised in the essays from the first part. branch of philosophy: politics, which defines tent embodiment of the morality of altruism, Most of the papers in the second part of the book the principles of a proper social system.” (Title that Stalin did not corrupt a noble ideal, that began as comments on papers from the first half, essay, Philosophy: Who Needs It) this is the only way altruism has to be or can delivered at workshops or conferences. The basic principle underlying all variations ever be practiced. If service and self-sacrifice Impact: What did you discuss in your of statism is the idea that “man’s life and work are a moral ideal, and if the ‘selfishness’ of chapters? belong to the state—to the society, to the group, human nature prevents men from leaping into GS: My essay in the first section is called the gang, the race, the nation—and that the state sacrificial furnaces, there is no reason—no “Conceptualization and Justification.” It shows may dispose of him in any way it pleases for the reason that a mystic moralist could name—why how Rand’s theory of concepts gives rise to a dis- sake of whatever it deems to be its own tribal, a dictator should not push them in at the point tinctive view of what entitles us to claim a conclu- collective good.” (“Introducing Objectivism,” of bayonets—for their own good, or the good of sion as knowledge. In the second part of the book, The Objectivist Newsletter, August 1962) humanity, or the good of posterity, or the good I have a shorter piece comparing Rand’s concept The ethical doctrine that defines that of the latest bureaucrat’s latest five-year plan. of “forms of awareness” to similar ideas held principle, Rand said, is altruism: “The political There is no reason that they can name to oppose by John Campbell and Bill Brewer, who I think expression of altruism is collectivism or stat- any atrocity. The value of a man’s life? His right are two of the best philosophers writing about ism.” (“Introducing Objectivism”) to exist? His right to pursue his own happiness? sense-perception today. (My piece is followed by a Altruism, she writes, holds “that man has These are concepts that belong to response by Brewer.) no right to exist for his own sake, that service to and capitalism—to the antithesis of the altruist Impact: What projects are you currently others is the only justification of his existence, morality.” (“Faith and Force: The Destroyers of working on? and that self-sacrifice is his highest moral duty, the Modern World”)

Rand’s theory of concepts gives rise to OAC Offers Seminar on Principles of Objectivism a distinctive view of what entitles us to claim a conclusion as knowledge. RI’s Objectivist Academic over six sessions. A Center offered a new ARI educates serious students of Ayn Rand’s course this spring, taught by philosophy through its Objectivist Academic Cen- GS: One is a book that Allan and I are edit- Onkar Ghate, vice president of ter, the Institute’s premier program of advanced ing, Ayn Rand: A Companion to Her Works and Intellectual Leadership at ARI. instruction in Objectivism. Dr. Ghate’s seminar Thought. That project has taken much longer than Dr. Ghate’s seminar, titled is offered as part of the OAC’s Advanced Edu- we anticipated but is nearing the finish line. Foundations of Objectivism, cation Program, which offers advanced training Then there are volumes three and four of the explores the metaphysical and in Objectivism as well as a focus on developing Ayn Rand Society’s series, which we’re working epistemological foundations of the broad variety of skills needed for a success- on now. Volume three, which Jim and I are co-ed- Objectivism, comparing them ful intellectual career. See the article below for a iting (with Allan as consulting editor) is on Rand to the ideas of other thinkers such as Descartes, report on an AEP seminar held earlier this year. and Aristotle. The book will include a version Hume and Kant. Each student is required to write To learn more about the OAC, visit objectivist of the talk I’m giving at this year’s Objectivist a paper on an assigned topic, and Dr. Ghate pro- academiccenter.org. The application deadline for summer conference [see sidebar next page for a vides feedback in class. The seminar takes place the 2013–14 year is July 29. description], and a comment I wrote on a paper by Christine Swanton in which she discusses Aristot- le’s, Rand’s and Nietzsche’s views on creativeness Monetary Policy Seminar for OAC Students and productivity. I may also comment on one of the epistemology essays. Robert Mayhew and I are n the third week of January, OAC’s Advanced Edu- others attended the event remotely via videoconference. editing volume four, on politics. I cation Program hosted a seminar on monetary Dr. Selgin discussed, among other subjects, the Most of the rest of my work is on ancient policy led by George Selgin, professor of economics main schools of monetary policy, the flaws of central philosophy. I have a paper called “Aristotle on at the University of Georgia. Dr. Selgin is a leading planning in the financial sector and the of a free proponent of free banking, a school of monetary policy banking system. Selfishness” coming out in the journal Ancient which advocates a complete separation of the state “[ARI] has had a tremendous effect on my intel- Philosophy. It discusses why Aristotle insists that, and the monetary and banking system. lectual development,” said John Law, an AEP student contrary to popular opinion, good people are more “The seminar was very illuminating of a field who attended the seminar remotely from the United selfish (or “self-loving”) than bad people. Another about which most of us had known only very little,” Kingdom; “The Institute has a patient, supportive paper on Aristotle’s view of science and knowl- said Adam Edmonsond, an AEP student, “and approach to teaching—no question goes unanswered edge is forthcoming in the journal Metascience, Dr. Selgin was an eloquent and stimulating speaker. and each question is treated with the utmost respect.” and there are some other papers in the works. Anyone who believes that economics and the history After the seminar, students had the opportunity I’m also editing a book of essays on Aristotle’s of monetary policy have to be dry subjects should take to meet with OAC faculty to discuss their career plans. epistemology, which has grown out of a number a class with Dr. Selgin.” The OAC also organized a teaching seminar for two of workshops I’ve organized or co-organized with The two-day seminar brought eight AEP students attendees currently in graduate school during which funds from my Anthem Foundation fellowships. to ARI’s headquarters in Irvine, California. Several OAC faculty offered feedback on their teaching skills. That book will include a piece on Aristotle’s view continued on page 3 2 “Why I’m Attending the Summer Conference” Two New Podcast Episodes Posted he Objectivist summer con- thought it was a perfectly good idea for the govern- T ference offers an unrivaled ment to support them; that business was basically ast month ARI posted opportunity to learn about evil. They had “very firm opinions” on issues but L two new episodes of Ayn Rand’s ideas from Objec- would get angry if you questioned them, and they Eye to Eye: An Ayn Rand tivist intellectuals and to meet constantly parroted what they heard with an air of Institute Podcast, an inter- other fans of Rand’s work. having given it a great deal of thought. view show dealing with In this section, Hailey I attended the Objectivist summer conference public policy issues, includ- O’Brien shares what she enjoys because I wanted to meet other people who hold ing science and environ- about the Objectivist summer conference. Hailey that ideas and ideals are important; who have mentalism, health care, economics, the law, and works in the corporate world and in her spare facts as well as opinions and know the difference foreign policy. Episodes can be heard on ARI’s moments hones her skills as a fiction writer. between the two; who honestly think about things blog Voices for Reason and are also available before repeating what other people say; and who on iTunes. Impact: How long have you are willing to stand up for what they have said. I’m In one episode, Rituparna Basu, a writer been attending Objectivist happy to say that I met many such people at the and research associate at ARI, sits down with summer conferences? conference. Sally Pipes, a leading proponent for greater Hailey O’Brien: This Impact: What are you most looking forward freedom in health care, to discuss her firsthand one will be my second in a to this year? experience of socialized medicine in Canada. row; I attended San Diego last HO’B: Among other things, I’m looking Among the issues Ms. Pipes discusses in the year. My first conference was forward to meeting up with friends I made last episode: back in 2007 in Telluride. year, making new friends, talking with people who Impact: Why do you won’t immediately criticize me when I mention • Why private health care is outlawed in attend? Ayn Rand and being around people who are happy Canada HO’B: I finished my undergraduate degree and know they deserve to be. I suppose, really, I’m • The part of the American health care sys- in music history in 2011. I spent four years in the most looking forward to the people! tem that most closely resembles Canada’s Music Department, surrounded by people who • Where doctors and patients are going, to escape government intrusion in their medical decisions • Why health care in Canada is getting Gregory Salmieri to Discuss Ayn Rand and Aristotle worse

at Summer Conference In another podcast episode, released to regory Salmieri will deliver a general points, Rand and Aristotle have importantly coincide with Earth Day, Amanda Maxham, Gsession lecture at this year’s Objectivist different views of what the human form of life a research associate at ARI, interviews ARI summer conference, to be held July 5–11 in Chi- is. In particular, they differ about how reason fellow Keith Lockitch about Silent Spring, the cago. Dr. Salmieri’s talk, titled “Man’s Life as relates to the faculties, and on the needs that seminal 1962 book by Rachel Carson, which the Standard of Value in the Ethics of Ayn Rand human beings share with other living things. is widely credited with launching the environ- and Aristotle,” will take place July 10 at 11 a.m. This talk explores this difference and mentalist movement. Among the issues Here is a description of the talk: its causes and consequences. Topics to be Dr. Lockitch discusses in the episode: “Man’s life,” wrote Ayn Rand, “is the addressed include: why Aristotle endorsed standard of morality.” It is Aristotle more than slavery and Rand, freedom; why Aristotle • The philosophic roots of environmental- any other philosopher who stressed our need demeaned material production and Rand ism to look to identify and look to a standard in lauded it; and what it means to establish a stan- • The validity of the claims made in Silent selecting our goals. And Aristotle was the first dard of value objectively. Spring about DDT and other pesticides to identify the proper standard as the distinctly • Why DDT, an effective chemical in eradi- human form of life—a life of developing and For more information about the Objecti- cating malaria, remains banned exercising our rational faculties to their fullest. vist summer conference, visit objectivistcon Despite agreeing on these fundamental ferences.com. Be sure to check out these episodes (blog .aynrandcenter.org) and subscribe to Eye to Eye on iTunes.

The Value of ARI’s Support for an intellectual life. Comparing Darryl’s take on that material with my Academic Career, continued from page 2 Part of the way the Institute fosters this other professors’ really helped me to see how to community of intellectuals is through the Objec- apply my Objectivist knowledge and methods to of knowledge and justification, which I delivered at tivist Academic Center and its forerunners, which the work of analytic philosophers. a workshop I organized here in Boston in March. trained many of us. I have taken and benefited As for the Anthem Foundation, I hesitate to Impact: What do you enjoy about teaching from many Institute classes over the years. Two think about where my career would be without it. college students? had a particularly big impact on me, both because The foundation supported my position at UNC- GS: At that age, students are rethinking the of their quality and because they came at just the Chapel Hill and now at Boston University. I know premises and values they have been brought up right point in my own intellectual development. a lot of very bright philosophers who have been with, and choosing the course that their lives will unable to find jobs of any sort and had to leave the take. It’s very rewarding to be able to help them in field altogether. that process, by presenting them with the essence [B]eing a member of an intellectual My positions at these two schools have enabled of different worldviews and by teaching them to me to teach excellent students and to be at centers think more clearly. I also find that the format of community is invaluable to a of philosophical activity, interacting with some college courses allows one to explore a subject developing intellectual, and the of the most prominent people in the field. And in depth, and I enjoy crafting the syllabi and the combined effect of many of ARI’s because my fellowships have included funds for assignments to make the semester as a whole have programs is to foster such a community organizing events, I have been able to put on a the maximum impact. and to give young people access to it. number of workshops on issues in ancient philos- Impact: How have ARI and the Anthem ophy which are helping me to establish myself in Foundation assisted you in developing your the ancient philosophy community. More generally, career? the effect of the Anthem Foundation has been to GS: ARI and Anthem have been constant The first and most important is Dr. Peikoff’s fuel an intensification of scholarly activity around sources of support in so many interacting ways legendary “confusion paper” course [in which Objectivism that I am privileged to be a part of. that it’s very difficult to enumerate them. Perhaps students submitted papers on philosophic points Impact: Do you have any message for our the most important point is that being a member of confusion and received clarification from donors, who have made possible the support we of an intellectual community is invaluable to a Dr. Peikoff], which was an invaluable education are able to provide? developing intellectual, and the combined effect of in how to think. The other is a seminar Darryl GS: Yes. Thank you for everything that you many of ARI’s programs is to foster such a com- Wright taught on contemporary ethics. It cov- have made possible. In addition to all of the mate- munity and to give young people access to it. I had ered many of the pieces that are typically read rial support I’ve gotten from you in different forms ARI scholarships to the Objectivist conferences in in first-year graduate school ethics courses, and over the years, the fact that you recognize the value 1999 and 2001, and that’s where I first met many by a stroke of luck it took place during the very of the work that I am doing and choose to spend of the people who have been major parts of my semester when I was taking such a course at Pitt. your money supporting it means a great deal to me. 3 TM Recent Media Appearances

RI intellectuals regularly speak to the media about how Ayn Rand’s timeless ideas clarify issues of the Aday. Visit ARC-TV.com to keep up with ARI’s media appearances. Here is a selection. • April 26: Onkar Ghate on NPR’s All Things Considered (“Democrats Invoke Boston, West to Defend Government’s Role”) • April 26: Doug Altner on WAFS’s Butler on Business (“The UAW’s Campaign to Unionize Foreign Auto Companies”) • April 11: Thomas Bowden on Liberty Express Radio (“Antitrust”) • April 8: Doug Altner on WAFS’s Butler on Business (“Central Banks”) • April 7: Doug Altner on WMAL’s Financial Myth Busting with Dawn Bennett (“ in America Today”) • April 5: Doug Altner on WAFS’s Butler on Business (“CEO Pay”) • April 5: Doug Altner on WINA’s The Schilling Show (“Disability Claims in America”)

Yaron Brook Speaks to a Wide Array of Audiences, continued from page 1

discussion, Global Financial Summit, Nassau, Alegre, Brazil, April 9 Bahamas, February 9 • “War of Ideas: The Fundamental Role of • “A New Brand of Capitalism,” panel discussion, Government,” debate with David Callahan, Global Financial Summit, Nassau, Bahamas, Leadership of the Rockies, Denver, CO, February 8 February 23 • “ Free Market Revolution: How Ayn Rand’s • “Free Market Revolution,” American Freedom Ideas Can End Big Government,” Nassau Insti- Alliance, Los Angeles, CA, February 12 tute, Nassau, Bahamas, February 8 • “Saving America: The Free Market Revolution,” Central Arizona Tea Party, Prescott, AZ, Public Outreach February 6; Surprise Tea Party, Surprise, AZ, • “The Morality of Government Spending and February 5; Flagstaff Tea Party, Flagstaff, AZ, Taxes,” panel discussion, Liberty Forum, Porto February 4

ARI’s Junior Fellows Program, 2013–2014

themselves in the day-to-day world of research, writing and speaking, while taking part in focused training workshops on applying Ayn Rand’s ideas and on writing and speaking for greatest impact. Members of the Junior Fellows program work as research associates alongside senior ARI intellec- Employment Opportunities tuals at our headquarters in Irvine, California, and take on projects designed to give them hands-on at ARI he is seeking outstanding experience in key skills and enable them to grow Trecent graduates who aspire to intellectual intellectually. ARI is currently recruiting for the following careers influencing public policy debates to apply ARI provides competitive compensation and positions: for the Junior Fellows program. benefits. To read more on what to expect and how • ARI Junior Fellows Program, 2013–2014 ARI’s Junior Fellows Program in Policy to apply, visit our Junior Fellows program web [see article at left for details] Research enables new intellectuals to immerse page (bit.ly/jfp2013). • Book Publicity Strategist • Instructor • Marketing Writer Want to help spread rational ideas? • Research Assistant Share ARI’s writings and videos on , Twitter and other social media sites! • Senior Instructor • Student Outreach Coordinator facebook.com/ARInstitute • Student Relations Coordinator /AynRandCenter • Video/Digital Editor /AynRandInstitute Please visit aynrand.org/employment for /AtlasShrugged more information. /TheFountainhead twitter.com/ARInstitute /AnthemBook /AynRandCenter Impact is published monthly by the Ayn Rand® Institute (ARI) and is /WetheLivingBook complimentary to current donors who contribute $35 or more per year. /100Voices For information on how you can support ARI and to learn about our projects, please visit our website: aynrand.org. Atlantis Legacy®, the /ObjectivistConferences Institute’s planned giving program, and related indicia are registered trademarks. The Ayn Rand Center for Individual Rights (ARC) is the public policy and outreach division of the Ayn Rand Institute. Objectivist Conferences (OCON) and the Ayn Rand Institute eStore youtube.com/AynRandInstitute are owned and operated by the Ayn Rand Institute. The Ayn Rand Institute does not necessarily endorse the content of the lectures and courses offered. All photos of Ayn Rand are used by permission of . Purchases from the ARI eStore and OCON do not qualify as tax-deductible contributions to the Ayn Rand Institute. Editor: Rituparna Basu Editorial Advisers: Yaron Brook, Mark Chapman, Jeri Eagan, of the enclosed envelope or email your request to Julie Ferguson, Debi Ghate, , Duane Knight, Impact by Email [email protected]. Anu Seppala, Lin Zinser Designer: Simon Federman In place of the print edition, ARI donors may opt Printing: David Antonacci Copy Editor: Donna Montrezza to receive Impact by email each month. The email Headquarters: 2121 Alton Parkway, Suite 250 edition saves ARI $30 annually per donor on printing Irvine, CA 92606-4926 Phone: 949-222-6550 Fax: 949-222-6558 and mailing costs. To start receiving Impact by email, © The Ayn Rand Institute 2013. All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced without permission. ARI is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Contributions please see instructions in the lower-right-hand corner to ARI in the United States are tax-exempt to the extent provided by law.

4 ARI Reaches Out to Educators

wo of ARI’s longest-standing ESSAY CONTESTS ON AYN RAND’S NOVELS MORE THAN 680 PRIZES! for ARI’s education mailing list to $100,000 IN AWARD MONEY! Teducation programs are our continue receiving communication Free Books to Teachers program Anthem We the Living from us. Essay Contest Essay Contest Essay Contest and our annual essay contests. For 11th and 12th Graders Established in 2002, the Free For 8th, 9th and 10th Graders For 10th, 11th and 12th Graders Entry Deadline: April 26, 2013 Entry Deadline: March 20, 2013 Entry Deadline: May 6, 2013 Essay must be between 800 and The Ayn rand ® Institute Essay must be between 600 and Essay must be between 700 and 1,600 words in length. One way by which ARI promotes Education Programs 1,200 words in length. Non-profit 1,500 words in length. Books to Teachers program gives free P.O. Box 57044 US Postage Irvine, CA 92619-7044 PAID The Fountainhead—Topics Anthem—Topics Santa Ana, CA We the Living—Topics Permit 1284 Select ONE of the following three topics: the growth of these programs is Select ONE of the following three topics: Select ONE of the following three topics: copies of Anthem, We the Living, The 1. Roark gains employment with Henry Cameron. Cameron, 1. Equality understands that his invention will benefit 1. What does Kira mean when she says that the USSR though a genius, is a commercial failure. Why has society mankind greatly; however, this was not his main “forbids life to those still living”? rejected his work? Why does Roark nevertheless revere by exhibiting at education confer- motivation in conducting his experiments, and it is not Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged to 2. The Communist war hero and much feared secret police him? What qualities do Roark and Cameron share in the primary source of the great joy he experiences. agent Andrei Taganov is completely devoted to the Party’s common? What is the fundamental difference between Discuss. cause. Why then does he lose respect for the Party—and them and Francon and Keating? ences at which teachers and school FREE 2. Compare the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the why does he fall in love with Kira? 2. What is Toohey’s ultimate purpose in trying to control the high school teachers who wish to teach Garden of Eden with the story of Equality 7-2521. For 3. Collectivism preaches the brotherhood of man. How does Banner? ClassRoom sETs oF what “sins” were each condemned? In what ways are We the Living show that it achieves the opposite? Equality 7-2521 and Adam simi lar? How do they differ? 3. How do Keating’s and Roark’s paths to success differ? administrators are in attendance. To Teacher ID Which one in the end is the real success? the novels in their classrooms. The ayn Rand’s novEls! 3. Equality reaches the important realization that “To be free, a man must be free of his brothers.” Explain what this end, ARI recently exhibited at Equality means by this, citing examples from Anthem. Teacher Resources program exposes young people to How to Enter For additional teacher resources, including Atlas Shrugged the Association for Supervision and lesson plans for each novel, visit our website at Essay Contest Ayn Rand’s novels—some of whom To read contest rules and guidelines and to aynrandeducation.org. find out how to submit your students’ essays, ANNUAL Curriculum Development confer- 45,000 teachers participating to date! visit aynrandeducation.org/contests. SEPTEMBER 17TH may go on to be the leaders, edu- To ensure that you receive credit for your DEADLINE More than 2 million novels taught! students’ submissions, provide your students ence in Chicago. with your Teacher ID, located on the front of 28 Years of Ayn Rand Essay Contests! The Atlas Shrugged Essay Contest is open to cators, intellectuals and writers of this flyer. If you do not have a Teacher ID, your high school seniors and all college students! students may look up your school information For more information, visit our website at 28 aynrandeducation.org/contests. on our website. After the conference, ARI ® tomorrow—and helps to establish Copyright © 2012 The Ayn Rand Institute. All rights reserved. ® received orders for more than Ayn Rand is a registered trademark and is used by permission. Rand’s literature as a regular inclusion sixteen hundred Ayn Rand books in the high school English curriculum. Free sets of from teachers who had previously Ayn rand’s novels Another effort to educate young been unaware of ARI’s pro- for your classroom! people about Ayn Rand’s ideas grams. ARI also distributed more freebooks.aynrandeducation.org includes our annual essay contests, • Order review copies or a set for your entire class than three hundred copies of • Supplemental teaching material provided with the novels which are offered exclusively to high • 45,000 teachers participating to date Ayn Rand’s novels at the con- • Additional resources available at aynrandeducation.org school and college students. ARI ference. More than 270 teachers offers four essay contests based on the and administrators signed up Like us on Facebook: facebook.com/aynrandeducation themes in each of Rand’s four novels.

To Be Born Poor Doesn’t Mean You’ll Always Be Poor

he following is a reprint of an article written by ARI executive That ability helped him gain the notice of Thomas A. Scott, a T director Yaron Brook and ARI fellow for Forbes.com. superintendent for the Pennsylvania Railroad. Scott hired the young Dr. Brook and Mr. Watkins write a regular column for the publication— man, still a teenager, to be his secretary and telegrapher at $35 a under the title “The Objectivist.” Visit blogs.forbes.com/objectivist to keep month—a tidy sum at the time and a far cry from $1.20 a week. up with their writing. This article was published on April 12, 2013, and as Carnegie soon became indispensable to Scott. The real turning of this writing has had more than 28,000 views. point came not too long after he was hired. Carnegie was in the office alone one day when news came of a wreck on the Eastern Long after he had established himself as one of America’s leading Division. Rail traffic started backing up; instead of shrugging his businessmen, as well as history’s greatest steelmaker, Andrew shoulders and saying “not my job, not my problem,” Carnegie chose Carnegie reflected that “We all live in the richest and freest country to take action. “Mr. Scott was not to be found,” he would later in the world, where no man is limited except by his own mental write. “Finally, I could not resist the temptation to plunge in, take attitude and his own desires.” the responsibility, give ‘train orders’ and set matters going.” At the time—a decade or so before the First World War— It was no easy decision. Although Carnegie had watched Scott Carnegie’s attitude was nearly universal. In America, anyone deal with similar problems in the past, lives and property were could carve out a better life for himself if he worked hard. Today, at stake. “I knew it was dismissal, disgrace, perhaps criminal Carnegie’s attitude is considered almost quaint. punishment for me if I erred. On the other hand, I could bring in Opportunity? Why, opportunity is a rare thing, and those the wearied freight-train men who had lain out all night. I could set Americans not lucky enough to be born with it should be given it everything in motion. I knew I could.” And he did, forging Scott’s at other people’s expense. Whether it’s an education, a job, a house, signature and issuing orders until rail traffic was back to normal. or a grant, opportunity is seen as something that others have to Thanks to Carnegie’s determination and hard-won abilities, Scott provide you with. If you don’t succeed, it’s not because you failed started opening doors for the young man and teaching him the skills to capitalize on plentiful opportunities. It’s because you just weren’t he would need to succeed in business. Later, he would help Carnegie one of the fortunate few. make his first investment, launching Andrew’s career as a capitalist Carnegie would have bristled. “My men began in exactly the in earnest. By 1860, at the age of 25, Carnegie was making almost same station in life which I occupied a few years ago,” Carnegie $50,000—more than enough to count himself as wealthy. once observed. “They have had the same privileges for personal “Opportunity” means a set of circumstances in which a advancement that I had.” course of successful action is possible. Opportunity is abundant. It’s hard to imagine anyone beginning in a lower station. What’s scarce is the willingness to take advantage of it. To the Carnegie had arrived in America, a twelve-year-old Scottish extent a country is free, a person with no money, no education, immigrant. With barely a penny to his family’s name, and with no connections can rise as far as his ability and ambition will only five years of formal education behind him (“Lack of schooling take him. But developing ability and ambition is a challenging, is no valid excuse for failure; neither is an exhaustive schooling a uncomfortable, even scary process. Relatively few people in any era guarantee of success,” he would later say), young Andrew went to choose to do it, and as a result, few capitalize on life’s unlimited work at a textile mill, twelve hours a day, for $1.20 a week. opportunities. It wasn’t much, but it was enough. The job gave Carnegie the In Carnegie’s words, a “man may be born in poverty, but he opportunity to learn and to demonstrate his dedication to hard does not have to go through life in poverty. He may be illiterate but work. Very quickly he moved on and up: less than a year later he he does not have to remain so. But . . . no amount of opportunity had secured a position at O’Reilly’s Telegraph Company, starting at will benefit the man who neglects or refuses to take possession of more than twice what he had earned at the mill. his own mind power and use it for his own personal advancement.” It was there that Carnegie’s rise began in earnest—not through That was what led Carnegie to success: the constant use of his some “lucky break” but through the habit Carnegie would later mind in pursuit of a better life. Whether he was learning a new refer to as “going the extra mile.” Carnegie, still working incredibly skill, taking decisive action in an emergency, or forging the most long days, began going to work early in order to learn how to innovative and efficient steelmaking company in the world, the send and receive telegraph messages. He worked so hard at it that commitment to following the judgment of his reasoning mind was he could eventually take telegraph messages by ear rather than the only opportunity he needed. by transcribing the Morse code—a feat only two other people in That—the willingness to think—is something no one else can America could perform. give you.

5 How Obamacare Law Fleeces the Young

The following article, written by ARI writer and people to subsidize the expenses of others. Take pose of my buying the insurance policy and the research associate Rituparna Basu, was published fire insurance. Ten thousand people might sign up iPad is the same: my judgment that they will both on Topix.com’s Politix page on April 26. It can be to insure their homes, but only a couple of those improve my life. read online at bit.ly/basuobamacare. homes may end up burning down. The premiums Insurers know we buy insurance for that rea- paid by those whose homes did not burn down go son, which is why, absent government meddling, tarting next year, the toward rebuilding the homes of those whose did. they offer those with lower expected health costs, SAffordable Care Act will “That’s how insurance works,” insists health such as younger individuals, lower premiums. If limit how much health insur- policy analyst Aaron Carroll, who concludes an insurer instead charged these individuals higher ance premiums can vary based that the health law’s age-related rate restriction is premiums in order to subsidize those older, the on age. Health insurers will “really not much different than how insurance is company would risk losing ground to competi- be restricted to charging older supposed to function, by transferring money from tors willing to charge young people less. Without people no more than three the more-healthy to the more-ill.” attracting lower-risk customers, the insurer’s busi- times higher premiums than But by equating traditional insurance with the ness model would fall apart. This is why premi- they charge younger people. health law’s age-related rate restriction, commen- ums on a free market tend to reflect the individual This is bad news for the young. tators like Carroll ignore a key component of risk each policyholder adds to the risk pool. It’s a fact that, in general, the older you are, insurance in a market absent government intru- An insurance policy that reflects your risk the higher your medical costs (six times higher sion: the freedom to buy a policy that is priced profile is not a subsidy; an insurance policy that when you compare 64-year-olds to 18-year-olds). according to your own risk—a policy that subsi- has been engineered by bureaucrats to artifi- If insurers can’t charge older people according dizes no one. cially lower the insurance costs for some people to their risk, they have to make up those costs Think about why you buy insurance in the at the expense of others is. The age-related rate by charging higher premiums to those younger. first place—you don’t do it to subsidize the restriction is but one of the myriad redistribution According to the American Action Forum, once expenses of others. You do it because you think schemes in the new health law, designed to milk the new health law’s various rate restrictions and that a particular policy—with the benefits it pro- younger people in order to lower the premiums of other provisions kick in, 27-year-old non-smoking vides, the premium it calls for and the co-pays and those older. males may see premiums rise, on average, by 189 deductibles it charges—best meets your particular Underneath all its bureaucratic trimmings, percent, while 55-year-old women who smoke may risk-management needs. what the ACA’s age-related rate restriction see their premiums fall, on average, by 18 percent. It’s true that the business model of insurance amounts to is the declaration that a 27-year-old No one, presumably, would be comfortable involves selling policies to people on the statistical who is starting out in life, who wants to save up with the idea of fleecing our children and grand- premise that only a few will file claims, which for a down payment on a home, who has his eye children in order to lighten our bills. But support- will be paid for, in part, by the premiums collected on an engagement ring for his beloved, has no ers of the Affordable Care Act have taken to argu- from those who don’t. But what an insurer does right to pursue his goals until he first pays for the ing that forcing young people to subsidize older with the premiums it collects is no more relevant health care bills of every generation that came people isn’t some new consequence of the health to me, as a consumer, than what Apple does with before him. That’s hardly the way to treat those on law—all insurance, they claim, requires some the $499 it collects for each iPad it sells. The pur- the cusp of their lives.

What Are the Search Results When You Google “Antitrust?”

The following article, written by ARI analyst as Google Maps, Google Travel, or Google Shop- and which penalized? It’s usually impossible to Thomas Bowden, was published in Investor’s ping—in prominent positions, to enhance traffic at know in advance. Business Daily on April 18. It can be read online those sites. The resulting omnipresent threat of antitrust at bit.ly/bowdenantitrust. But why would Google do otherwise? Like prosecution forces companies like Google to do any other business, it’s trying to make money for business with one eye on the bottom line and the ielding to the European its shareholders. Since more than 95 percent of its other on their antitrust foes. YUnion’s threat of massive revenues come from advertising, Google stands to Companies must perpetually adjust to the latest fines, Google will reportedly gain by attracting more users. threats, pronouncements, and decisions emanating change the way it displays Likewise, when advertisers complain about from the worldwide antitrust establishment. search results and, in some their contracts with Google, what they mean is that And to complicate matters, today’s victim may cases, even include links to Google makes it difficult for them to transfer ad be tomorrow’s attacker, if a rival’s success makes it rival search engines. campaigns from Google over to rival platforms, or vulnerable to antitrust pressure. Earlier this year, the to compare the various platforms’ efficiency. According to the Center for Responsive Poli- Internet giant capitulated to the But why would Google act differently? Busi- tics, Google spent more than $18 million on lobby- U.S. Federal Trade Commission after a 19-month nesses don’t succeed by bending over backward ing last year (about 23 times as much as it spent in investigation, promising to change its advertising to make it easier for rivals to take away their 2006), making it the eighth-largest spender among practices. customers. companies in all industries (not counting the costs How do the world’s most powerful govern- It hardly needs explaining why Google’s of dealing with foreign threats). ments get away with treating Google like a villain? practices might generate frustration and resentment It now looks as if the EU’s threatened fines After all, this is a company that has built a repu- in certain quarters—that’s to be expected in the have been “traded” for concessions designed to help tation for improving people’s lives in a thousand hurly-burly of the marketplace. Google’s competitors. ways. But what’s not so obvious is how such resent- But before the shakedown, uh, settlement, Just ask the millions of visitors who type ments can be confused with genuine legal injuries is finalized, Google must demonstrate how its keywords into Google’s legendary search engine, that merit the attention of government prosecutors. changes will work, in a phase known ludicrously as or who use the many other services—email, maps, The explanation is to be found in antitrust laws that “market testing,” during which those same competi- videos, travel arrangements, comparison shopping, actually make it illegal for a company like Goo- tors can lodge still more objections. books, and the like—that Google offers for free. gle to maintain a laser focus on its own corporate Interesting, isn’t it, how these things work Yes, for free. self-interest. out? Antitrust authorities threaten to inflict The answer lies buried in the unavoidable If read literally, the Sherman Act of 1890 (and massive damage on the world’s most successful vagaries of antitrust law—an irrational regime that the European Union’s legal equivalents) prohibit companies. Then the targets of these investiga- grants competitive grumblings the exalted status of virtually every action a profit-seeking business tions, rather than litigate and risk disaster, simply legal injuries, then empowers government enforcers needs to survive. cave in, “voluntarily” agreeing to change their to override market outcomes. For example, any price a company might set business practices. In Google’s case, the grumblings are coming can be legally condemned—as “predatory” if In this way, regulators—who, let’s face it, from rivals and advertisers—and when their com- it’s lower than the competition, “monopolistic” if are just politicians without the charisma—deliver plaints are boiled down to essentials, they’re angry higher, or “collusive” if the same. outcomes that those companies’ resentful rivals and that Google pursues its own profits without regard The laws’ astonishing breadth allows prosecu- customers could never earn on a free market. to the welfare or viability of competitors. tors, regulators, and judges to pose as kindly protec- Farther down this road, we can foresee an When rivals complain of “search bias,” for tors of business, reading the laws “reasonably” so antitrust-hobbled Google that behaves more like example, what they mean is that Google’s search as to blunt their draconian terms. a regulated public utility than an innovative tech results display the company’s own services—such But exactly which practices will be permitted dynamo. Is that the future we want? 6