Savoirs Locaux Et Gestion Des Écosystèmes Sahéliens
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Le Zonage Agro-Écologique Du NIGER
REPUBLIQUE DU NIGER Comité Interministériel de Pilotage de la Stratégie de Développement Rural Secrétariat Exécutif Le Zonage Agro-écologique du NIGER Cette note a été préparée par le Réseau National des Chambres d’Agriculture (RECA) à partir des travaux de diagnostic et d’analyse des systèmes de production rédigés dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre de la SDR (septembre 2004). Ces travaux ont été réalisés par une équipe interdisciplinaire composée par quatre consultants nationaux, Abdou Adamou (sociologue anthropologue), Barkiré Abdoulaye (vétérinaire), Diop Amadou (agronome) et Younoussa Seybou (environnementaliste), coordonnés par les consultants internationaux fournis par la Fondation pour la Météorologie Appliquée : Giancarlo Pini et Vieri Tarchiani. 1. Définition des grandes zones climatiques Sur la base de la pluviométrie moyenne, on peut définir différents types d’environnement et de végétation. On peut différencier trois zones de végétation : la zone saharienne à moins de 200 mm, sahélienne entre 200 et 600 mm et enfin soudanienne à plus de 600 mm. Entre ces trois zones on peut encore identifier deux zones de transition : entre 200 et 300 mm la zone saharo-sahélienne et entre 400 et 600 mm la zone sahélo-soudanienne. La classification des zones climatiques est donc la suivante. Zone Description Pourcentage climatique du territoire La zone est définie par une pluviométrie moyenne annuelle inférieure à 200 millimètres. Le Sahara est caractérisé par un climat aride ou semi-aride avec des températures moyennes élevées et des températures extrêmes très contrastées, une humidité relative très basse et des précipitations rares et extrêmement irrégulières. La végétation est représentée par des steppes des climats arides, notamment 74% la steppe herbeuse à Acacia sp. -
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY 1 2 Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY August 2018 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations p.8 Chapter 3: THE REPUBLIC OF MALI p.39-48 Acknowledgements p.9 Introduction Foreword p.10 a. Pastoralism and transhumance UNOWAS Mandate p.11 Pastoral Transhumance Methodology and Unit of Analysis of the b. Challenges facing pastoralists Study p.11 A weak state with institutional constraints Executive Summary p.12 Reduced access to pasture and water Introductionp.19 c. Security challenges and the causes and Pastoralism and Transhumance p.21 drivers of conflict Rebellion, terrorism, and the Malian state Chapter 1: BURKINA FASO p.23-30 Communal violence and farmer-herder Introduction conflicts a. Pastoralism, transhumance and d. Conflict prevention and resolution migration Recommendations b. Challenges facing pastoralists Loss of pasture land and blockage of Chapter 4: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF transhumance routes MAURITANIA p.49-57 Political (under-)representation and Introduction passivity a. Pastoralism and transhumance in Climate change and adaptation Mauritania Veterinary services b. Challenges facing pastoralists Education Water scarcity c. Security challenges and the causes and Shortages of pasture and animal feed in the drivers of conflict dry season Farmer-herder relations Challenges relating to cross-border Cattle rustling transhumance: The spread of terrorism to Burkina Faso Mauritania-Mali d. Conflict prevention and resolution Pastoralists and forest guards in Mali Recommendations Mauritania-Senegal c. Security challenges and the causes and Chapter 2: THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA p.31- drivers of conflict 38 The terrorist threat Introduction Armed robbery a. -
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NIGER: Carte Administrative NIGER - Carte Administrative
NIGER - Carte Administrative NIGER: Carte administrative Awbari (Ubari) Madrusah Légende DJANET Tajarhi /" Capital Illizi Murzuq L I B Y E !. Chef lieu de région ! Chef lieu de département Frontières Route Principale Adrar Route secondaire A L G É R I E Fleuve Niger Tamanghasset Lit du lac Tchad Régions Agadez Timbuktu Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti Diffa BARDAI-ZOUGRA(MIL) Dosso Maradi Niamey ZOUAR TESSALIT Tahoua Assamaka Tillabery Zinder IN GUEZZAM Kidal IFEROUANE DIRKOU ARLIT ! BILMA ! Timbuktu KIDAL GOUGARAM FACHI DANNAT TIMIA M A L I 0 100 200 300 kms TABELOT TCHIROZERINE N I G E R ! Map Doc Name: AGADEZ OCHA_SitMap_Niger !. GLIDE Number: 16032013 TASSARA INGALL Creation Date: 31 Août 2013 Projection/Datum: GCS/WGS 84 Gao Web Resources: www.unocha..org/niger GAO Nominal Scale at A3 paper size: 1: 5 000 000 TILLIA TCHINTABARADEN MENAKA ! Map data source(s): Timbuktu TAMAYA RENACOM, ARC, OCHA Niger ADARBISNAT ABALAK Disclaimers: KAOU ! TENIHIYA The designations employed and the presentation of material AKOUBOUNOU N'GOURTI I T C H A D on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion BERMO INATES TAKANAMATAFFALABARMOU TASKER whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations BANIBANGOU AZEY GADABEDJI TANOUT concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area ABALA MAIDAGI TAHOUA Mopti ! or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its YATAKALA SANAM TEBARAM !. Kanem WANZERBE AYOROU BAMBAYE KEITA MANGAIZE KALFO!U AZAGORGOULA TAMBAO DOLBEL BAGAROUA TABOTAKI TARKA BANKILARE DESSA DAKORO TAGRISS OLLELEWA -
Niger Country Brief: Property Rights and Land Markets
NIGER COUNTRY BRIEF: PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND MARKETS Yazon Gnoumou Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison with Peter C. Bloch Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison Under Subcontract to Development Alternatives, Inc. Financed by U.S. Agency for International Development, BASIS IQC LAG-I-00-98-0026-0 March 2003 Niger i Brief Contents Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of the country brief 1 1.2 Contents of the document 1 2. PROFILE OF NIGER AND ITS AGRICULTURE SECTOR AND AGRARIAN STRUCTURE 2 2.1 General background of the country 2 2.2 General background of the economy and agriculture 2 2.3 Land tenure background 3 2.4 Land conflicts and resolution mechanisms 3 3. EVIDENCE OF LAND MARKETS IN NIGER 5 4. INTERVENTIONS ON PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND MARKETS 7 4.1 The colonial regime 7 4.2 The Hamani Diori regime 7 4.3 The Kountché regime 8 4.4 The Rural Code 9 4.5 Problems facing the Rural Code 10 4.6 The Land Commissions 10 5. ASSESSMENT OF INTERVENTIONS ON PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND MARKET DEVELOPMENT 11 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 13 BIBLIOGRAPHY 15 APPENDIX I. SELECTED INDICATORS 25 Niger ii Brief NIGER COUNTRY BRIEF: PROPERTY RIGHTS AND LAND MARKETS Yazon Gnoumou with Peter C. Bloch 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE COUNTRY BRIEF The purpose of the country brief is to determine to which extent USAID’s programs to improve land markets and property rights have contributed to secure tenure and lower transactions costs in developing countries and countries in transition, thereby helping to achieve economic growth and sustainable development. -
Arrêt N° 01/10/CCT/ME Du 23 Novembre 2010
REPUBLIQUE DU NIGER Fraternité – Travail – Progrès CONSEIL CONSTITUTIONNEL DE TRANSITION Arrêt n° 01/10/CCT/ME du 23 novembre 2010 Le Conseil Constitutionnel de Transition statuant en matière électorale en son audience publique du vingt trois novembre deux mil dix tenue au Palais dudit Conseil, a rendu l’arrêt dont la teneur suit : LE CONSEIL Vu la proclamation du 18 février 2010 ; Vu l’ordonnance 2010-01 du 22 février 2010 modifiée portant organisation des pouvoirs publics pendant la période de transition ; Vu l’ordonnance n° 2010-031 du 27 mai 2010 portant code électoral et ses textes modificatifs subséquents ; Vu l’ordonnance n° 2010-038 du 12 juin 2010 portant composition, attributions, fonctionnement et procédure à suivre devant le Conseil Constitutionnel de Transition ; Vu le décret n° 2010-668/PCSRD du 1er octobre 2010 portant convocation du corps électoral pour le référendum sur la Constitution de la VIIème République ; Vu la requête en date du 8 novembre 2010 du Président de la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante (CENI) et les pièces jointes ; Vu l’ordonnance n° 003/PCCT du 8 novembre 2010 de Madame le Président du Conseil Constitutionnel portant désignation d’un Conseiller-Rapporteur ; Ensemble les pièces jointes ; Après audition du Conseiller – rapporteur et en avoir délibéré conformément à la loi ; EN LA FORME Considérant que par lettre n° 190/P/CENI en date du 8 novembre 2010, le Président de la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante (CENI) a saisi le Conseil Constitutionnel de Transition aux fins de valider -
First Cytotaxonomic Inventory of Rodents from Niger
Mammalia, 66(4) : 495-523 – 2002. A cytotaxonomic survey of Rodents from Niger : implications for systematics, biodiversity and biogeography by G. Dobigny 1,2*, A. Nomao 1,3 and J.C. Gautun 1,4 1 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Laboratoire de Zoologie, B.P. 11416, Niamey, Niger 2 present adress : Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire de Zoologie Mammifères et Oiseaux, 55, rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France, e-mail : [email protected], 3 present adress : Centre Régional Agrhymet, B.P. 12625, Niamey, Niger, e-mail : [email protected] 4 present adress : I.R.D. / E.R.M.E.S, 5, rue du carbone, 45072 Orléans cédex, France, e-mail : [email protected] * corresponding author Running title: Rodents from Niger 1 Summary We here present an inventory of rodents from Niger, mainly based on cytotaxonomic data because of the presence of many groups providing sibling species. A total of 39 species are listed, one of which is a new chromosomal form (Taterillus sp.). Moreover, three other cytotypes already described but still not specifically attributed were found (Mastomys sp., Acomys sp. and Tatera sp). New karyotypic data are presented for Gerbillus nancillus, Graphiurus cf. parvus, Massouteria mzabi, and Xerus erythropus. Once again, the efficiency of cytotaxonomy for small mammals inventories is enhanced. Specific distribution maps of poorly known species are thus completed. No clear gradients could be observed between what is currently defined as the West and the East African faunas. The distributions are mainly structured in a latitudinal manner. The Aïr massif appears as a continuous prolongation of the Sahelian area, rather than as a Sahelian refuge in the Sahara. -
Sociocultural Environment, Familial Socio-Affective Relationships And
ition & F tr oo u d N f S o c Euloge et al., J Nutr Food Sci 2017, 7:6 l i e a n n r c DOI: 10.4172/2155-9600.1000646 e u s o J Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences ISSN: 2155-9600 Research Article Open Access Sociocultural Environment, Familial Socio-Affective Relationships and Children’s Nutritional Conditions in the Department of Mayahi, Niger Euloge GZ1*, Zoumana C1 and Firmin KK2 1Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Péléforo University of Korhogo, France 2Institute of Anthropological Sciences for Development, Felix Houphouet Boigny, University of Cocody, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire Abstract The 2016 SMART Inquiry shows that the Department of Mayahi in Niger, presents one of the highest malnutrition rate in the country. The present study aims at analyzing the relationships between the sociocultural environment, the parents/children socio-affective links mainly the mother/child interactions and the settling of infantile malnutrition observed to the child from that Department. The explored data stem from the Link NCA (Nutrition Causal Analysis) Inquiry from 2016 to 2017 in Mayahi. The results suggest three major facts: a weakening of the parents/child socio- affective relationship caused by closed pregnancies, early pregnancies, a brutal affective weaning, the child’s social conditioning to dependence and by the parents’ lack of accountability; an inadequate interaction between the mother and the child; and finally an ill-fitted food supply practices. Keywords: Malnutrition; Environment; Family; Niger The present study aims at analyzing the possibly existing relationship between the socio-cultural environment, the parents/children socio-affective Introduction relationship mainly the mother/child interactions and the persistence of the nutritional condition observed to the children from Niger. -
Niger Profile Dakoro Katsinawa Agropastoral Final 2008
OXFAM – SCUK – ACF Dakoro Livelihood Profiles Katsinawa Agropastoralists 20081 The Context The central subjects of this profile are a Fulani group whose ancestors migrated into Niger around one century ago from an area in what is now Katsina State in Northern Nigeria. Hence they call themselves Katsinawa. Villagers said their forebears left Nigeria because of population pressure on the land, for cultivation as well as grazing. Some said that their ancestors were pure pastoralists; others said that their ancestors had always practiced both herding and cultivation with equal importance. When they set up their current villages, up to 80 years ago, the area was still uninhabited by any other settlers and was populated by many wild animals. Although the Katsinawa are in the majority, there are some households in the villages from other groups, especially Farfarou Fulani and a few Touareg. In this northern sahelian area there is a gradation amongst agropastoralists from those who practice cultivation regularly alongside herding and depend on their harvest for perhaps 50% of their livelihood, to those who practice cultivation opportunistically depending on the quality of the rains and their exact circumstances. In order to achieve a clear contrast with pure pastoralists, the Katsinawa were chosen for this study as representing the numerous agropastoralists who are strongly and permanently dependent on cultivation. This profile complements another, describing the Bororo Pastoralists further North in Dakoro who were studied at the same time as the Katsinawa Agropastoralists, and which is referred to in the text, along with profiles of two Hausa groups studied in Tessaoua last year2. -
A Policy Brief on Findings from Niger and Burkina Faso
CLIMATE CHANGE AND CONFLICT IN THE SAHEL: A POLICY BRIEF ON FINDINGS FROM NIGER AND BURKINA FASO JANUARY 2014 This report is made possible by the support of the American people through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the sole responsibility of Tetra Tech ARD and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. In alphabetical order, this report was prepared by Julie Snorek, United Nations University, Institute for Environment and Human Security and Foundation for Environmental Security and Sustainability (FESS); Jeffrey Stark, FESS; and Katsuaki Terasawa, FESS, through a subcontract to Tetra Tech ARD. This publication was produced for the United States Agency for International Development by Tetra Tech ARD, through a Task Order under the Prosperity, Livelihoods, and Conserving Ecosystems (PLACE) Indefinite Quantity Contract Core Task Order (USAID Contract No. AID-EPP-I-00-06-00008, Order Number AID-OAA-TO-11-00064). Tetra Tech ARD Contacts: Patricia Caffrey Chief of Party African and Latin American Resilience to Climate Change (ARCC) Burlington, Vermont Tel.: 802.658.3890 [email protected] Anna Farmer Project Manager Burlington, Vermont Tel.: 802-658-3890 [email protected] CLIMATE CHANGE AND CONFLICT IN THE SAHEL: A POLICY BRIEF ON FINDINGS FROM NIGER AND BURKINA FASO AFRICAN AND LATIN AMERICAN RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE (ARCC) JANUARY 2014 Climate Change and Conflict in the Sahel: A Policy Brief on Findings from Niger and Burkina Faso i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................... III ABOUT THIS SERIES ...................................................................................................... V 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 2.0 NIGER ........................................................................................................................ -
Assessment of Chronic Food Insecurity in Niger
Assessment of Chronic Food Insecurity in Niger Analysis Coordination March 2019 Assessment of Chronic Food Insecurity in Niger 2019 About FEWS NET Created in response to the 1984 famines in East and West Africa, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) provides early warning and integrated, forward-looking analysis of the many factors that contribute to food insecurity. FEWS NET aims to inform decision makers and contribute to their emergency response planning; support partners in conducting early warning analysis and forecasting; and provide technical assistance to partner-led initiatives. To learn more about the FEWS NET project, please visit www.fews.net. Acknowledgements This publication was prepared under the United States Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Indefinite Quantity Contract, AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Recommended Citation FEWS NET. 2019. Assessment of Chronic Food Insecurity in Niger. Washington, DC: FEWS NET. Famine Early Warning Systems Network ii Assessment of Chronic Food Insecurity in Niger 2019 Table of Contents Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background ............................................................................................................................................................................. -
Niger Staple Food and Livestock Market Fundamentals September 2017
NIGER STAPLE FOOD AND LIVESTOCK MARKET FUNDAMENTALS SEPTEMBER 2017 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), contract number AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. FEWS NET NIGER Staple Food and Livestock Market Fundamentals 2017 About FEWS NET Created in response to the 1984 famines in East and West Africa, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) provides early warning and integrated, forward-looking analysis of the many factors that contribute to food insecurity. FEWS NET aims to inform decision makers and contribute to their emergency response planning; support partners in conducting early warning analysis and forecasting; and provide technical assistance to partner-led initiatives. To learn more about the FEWS NET project, please visit www.fews.net. Disclaimer This publication was prepared under the United States Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Indefinite Quantity Contract, AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. Acknowledgements FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges the network of partners in Niger who contributed their time, analysis, and data to make this report possible. Cover photos @ FEWS NET and Flickr Creative Commons. Famine Early Warning Systems Network ii FEWS NET NIGER Staple Food and Livestock Market Fundamentals 2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................................................