The Unusual X-Ray Morphology of NGC 4636

Home , NGC 4636

cavities, off-center outbursts and shocks revealed cavities, off-center outbursts and shocks reveale

W. Forman

The unusual X-ray morphology of The unusual X-ray morphology of (SAO) (SAO) S S m m

, L.

i by deep Chandra observations i by deep Chandra observations t t (SAO) (SAO) h h

s s David David o o n n , C. , C. i i A A a a

In collaboration with:

In collaboration with: n n NGC 4636: l NGC 4636: l (SAO) (SAO)

e e Jones Jones A A s s s s s s t t a a r r , E. , E.

o n n (SAO) (SAO) p p d d h h Churazov Churazov r r y y o s o s i , P. i , P.

c c B B a a l l a a

Nulsen Nulsen Nulsen Nulsen O O l l d d ( ( b b MPA-Garching MPA-Garching i i s s e e r r (SAO) (SAO) v v a a t t o o r r , R. , R. y y

Kraft Kraft ) ) d 2005) distance of of the elliptical galaxies: luminous • x 10 • 2002, O Newton Chandra X-ray wavelengths by • ( 2005) distance of of the elliptical galaxies: luminous • x 10 • 2002, O Newton Chandra X-ray wavelengths by • ( Tonry Tonry Tonry Tonry Located in the outskirts One of the most X-ray Already studied Located in the outskirts One of the most X-ray Already studied 41 41 ergs s ergs s Virgo Cluster Virgo Cluster et al. 2001) et al. 2001) (e.g. Jones et al. (e.g. Jones et al. ’ ’ & & Sullivan et al. Sullivan et al. ‘ ‘ normal normal 15 XMM- 15 XMM-

-1 -1

E E

Mpc Mpc

i i

g g

h h

t t in the

’ in the ’

L L

Y Y , at a , at a

X X

e e

~ 2

a a

r r

s s

o o

f f

S S

c c

i i

e e

Radio contours Optical Radio contours Optical

n n

NGC 4636

c c

e e

w w

i i

t t

h h

C C

h h

a a

n n

d d

r r

a a

- -

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A

L L

O O

c c

X-ray

t t

2 2

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

0 0

Optical

0 0

7 7 Soft X-rays Soft X-rays

Radio Radio • • • • Removal of high background ks ACIS-I ( Removal of high background ks ACIS-I ( • • • • • • • • • • ) data reprocessed ) ) data reprocessed )

ACIS CTI correction, etc. Time-dependent ACIS gain correction Newest ACIS gain maps ACIS-S: ACIS-I: ACIS CTI correction, etc. Time-dependent ACIS gain correction Newest ACIS gain maps ACIS-S: ACIS-I:

E Chandra data preparation

2 observations: 150 ks 2 Chandra data preparation 2 observations: 150 ks 2

i i

g g

h h

t t

Y T Y T

e e

clean clean

a a

clean clean

r r

s s

o o

f f

= S S

= =

c c

i i

e e 149 ks 149 ks

37 ks

n 37 ks n

e CIAO 3.4 applying: with with CIAO 3.4 applying: with

w w

i i

t t

h h

C C

h h

a a

n n

d d

r r

a a ﬂ ﬂ

) and ACIS-S (

- -

aring period: aring period:

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A

L L

O O

c c

t t

2 2

1 observation: 52 1 observation: 52

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

0 0

7 7 kpc ‘ show a • substructures are detected as well. evidence of a • kpc ‘ show a • substructures are detected as well. evidence of a • plateau plateau NGC 4636 NGC 4636 The density and pressure pro The temperature pro The density and pressure pro The temperature pro from the center from from the center from strong central peak strong central peak ’ ’

located located

E E

i i

g g

h h

t t

cooling core cooling core

Y Y

e e

a a 2 at at 2 at

r r

s s

o o

f f

kpc ﬁ

S S

le shows le shows

c c

i i

e e Baldi Baldi

< r < 4.5 < < r < 4.5 < n n Density Density

: ; several ;

; several ; and :

and

c c

e e

w w ﬁ ﬁ

global X-ray properties

t les les

et al. 2007 in prep. a

h h

C C

h h

a a

n n

d d

r r

a a

- -

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

Temperature v Temperature v

i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A

L L

O O

c c

t t

2 2

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

0 0

Pressure Pressure

7 7 keV with a pre-shock temperature • cut • model • keV with a pre-shock temperature • cut • model • Gas starts in hydrostatic equilibrium Model Pre-shock density pro Numerical hydro-dynamical shock Gas starts in hydrostatic equilibrium Model Pre-shock density pro Numerical hydro-dynamical shock

perpendicular to the radius perpendicular perpendicular to the radius perpendicular

E E

i i

g g

h h The SW X-ray

The SW X-ray

t t

Y Y

e comparison with a shock model e comparison with a shock model

a a

r r

s s

o o

f f

S kT S ﬁ ﬁ

c c le uses le uses

i i

e e

= 0.65 = = 0.65 =

n n

c c

e e

w w

i i

t t

h h

Outburst

C C

AGN AGN h h

a a

cavity axis) of a approximate • all directions • AGN; assumed in plane of the sky • cavity axis) of a approximate • all directions • AGN; assumed in plane of the sky •

n n

Perpendicular to axis, expansion has Long thin cavity created by jet then In an outburst,

Perpendicular to axis, expansion has Long thin cavity created by jet then In an outburst, d d

r r

a a long thin cavity ( long thin cavity (

in in

- Bubble Bubble

ﬂ

H H

ation ation u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

cylindrical cylindrical i cylindrical i

l l

‘

l l ‘

e e

bubble

, ,

jet propagates rapidly jet propagates rapidly jet

A Perpendicular Perpendicular

L L

O O

explosive outburst explosive explosive outburst explosive

c c

cut t cut t

symmetry

2 2

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

’

0 0

; assumption ;

7 7

in in from the from the ﬂ ﬂ

along along ates in ates in Jet Jet • • • • • • Physical parameters derived: shock model predictions Temperature pro model matching Shock strength determined by Physical parameters derived: shock model predictions Temperature pro model matching Shock strength determined by • • • • • • ~ 10 Total energy required to produce the shock Age Enthalpy 4pV ~ 10 Total energy required to produce the shock Age Enthalpy 4pV

~ 2.2 x 10 ~ ~ 2.2 x 10 ~ 56 56

ergs ergs

observed SB(r) observed observed SB(r) observed

E E

i i

g g The SW X-ray

The SW X-ray

h h

t t

~ 10 ~ 10

6 Y Y

ﬁ ﬁ

yrs yrs

e e

le le

a a

56 56 r r

results from a shock model

results from a shock model s s agreement in

in agreement in ergs ergs

o o

f f

S S

to projected c to projected c

i i

e e

n n

c c

e e

w w

i i

t t

h h

with

C C

h h

a a

n n

d d

r r

a a

- -

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

‘

i i ‘

l l

bubble l l bubble

e e

, ,

A A

L L

Baldi Baldi

O O

c c

t t

2 2

et al. 2007 in prep. et al. 2007 in prep.

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

’

’ 2 2

: 0 0

0 0

7 7 • and a • • morphology suggests the presence of a • • and a • • morphology suggests the presence of a • Physical parameters are expected to be similar SB (r) and ‘ The symmetry of the Physical parameters are expected to be similar SB (r) and ‘ The symmetry of the Bubble Bubble shock model shock shock model shock ’ ’

not not kT kT Surface Brightness Surface Brightness clearly visible from our X-ray data clearly visible from our X-ray data

(r) (r)

E E

i i

g g consistent consistent

Is there a NE

Is there a NE h h

t t

Y Y

e e

X-ray arms and the radio X-ray

a a

r r

s s

o o

with the with the

f f

S S

c c

i i

e e

n n

Baldi

Baldi c c

e e

SW SW

w w

i i

t t

NE NE

h h

‘ ‘

et al. 2007 in prep.

et al. 2007 in prep. bubble

bubble

C C

h h ‘ ‘

bubble

a a

n n

d d

r r

a ’ ’

- -

’

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

‘

v v

bubble

bubble i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A Temperature Temperature

L L

O O

c c

t t

2 2

3 3

- -

2 2

5 ’

’

2 2

0 0

7 7 • • • • • • • • Hints of the existence a NE bubble: Detect unambiguous signature of a shock in the SW bubble ergs s Central cavity around Complex X-ray structure observed: Hints of the existence a NE bubble: Detect unambiguous signature of a shock in the SW bubble ergs s Central cavity around Complex X-ray structure observed: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • measured around SW cavity SB pro Age ~ 2.2 x 10 Probably plasma Total energy required to produce the shock ~ 10 1.4 < Mach 2.0 shock Cavities created by now extinct jet SW cavity enthalpy (4pV) measured around SW cavity Age ~ 2.2 x 10 SB pro Total energy required to produce the shock ~ 10 1.4 < Mach 2.0 shock Probably plasma Cavities created by now extinct jet SW cavity enthalpy (4pV) -1 -1

) )

E E

ﬁ

i i

g g

le and temperature jump observed consistent with shock

h h

t t

Y Y

e e

a a

r r

s s

6 6

o o

yrs

f f

S ﬁ ﬁ

c c

lled cavities lled cavities

i i

e e

n n

Summary

c c Summary

e e

(now) weak radio source (~ 1.4 x 10 (now)

w w

i i

t t

h h

~ ~

C C

h 10 h 10

a a

n n

d d 5 5

r r 6 6

a ergs ergs

- -

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A

L L

O O

c c

t t

2 2

3 ergs 3 ergs

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

0 0

7 7 38 38

Keep the faith !!!

Keep the faith !!! E E

i i

g Fenway g Fenway

h h

t t

Y Y

e e

a a

r r

s s

o o

Park & Coors Park Park & Coors Park

f f

S S

c c

i i

e e

n n

c c

e e

World Series 2007 World Series 2007

w w

i i

t t

h h

C C

h h

a a

Field, Oct 24-Nov 1 2007

n n

d d

r r

a a

- -

H H

u u

n n

t t

s s

v v

i i

l l

e e

, ,

A A

L L

O O

c c

t t

2 2

3 3

- -

2 2

5 5

2 2

0 0

7 7