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Home , Assiniboine, Battle of the Big Hole, Crow War, Fort Assinniboine, Gros Ventre, Horn Mountains

Guide to Documents Relating to American Indians in Identified and Collected by the Natives of Montana Archival Project (NOMAP) From Repositories in the National Archives and Records Administration, Smithsonian Institution & Library of Congress 2008-10

Helen Cryer (Saddle Lake , ’08) Miranda McCarvel (’08-10) Carole Meyers (Oneida/Seneca/Blackfeet) (’10) Wilena Old Person (Blackfeet/Yakama, ’08-09) Glen Still Smoking Jr. (Blackfeet, ’08) Eli Suzukovich III (Cree, ’08)

Richmond Clow (’10)

David Beck, faculty advisor to project Steve McCann, Digital Projects Librarian

Contents

Introduction ……………………………………………………………..... 2

National Archives and Records Administration, Washington D.C. …...... 3 Record Group 75 Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) .... 3 Record Group 94, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office ……… 5 Record Group 217 Records of the Accounting Officers of the. Department of Treasury …………………………………...... 7 Record Group 393, Records of the U.S. Army Continental Commands, 1821-1920 ……………………………………... 7

National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland 8

Smithsonian Institution, National Anthropological Archives …………..... 9 NAA Manuscripts …………………………………………………. 9 NAA Audiotapes, Drawings, Films, Photographs and Prints ……... 20

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of the American Indian Archives …………………………………………………….. 23

Library of Congress ……………………………………………………….. 26 Appendix 1: Key Word Index ...…………………………………………… 27 Appendix 2: Record Group 75 Entry 91 Letters Received Index …………. 41

1 Introduction

This is a guide to primary source documents relating to Indians in Montana that are located in Washington D.C. These documents have been identified and in some cases digitized by teams of University of Montana students sponsored by the American Indian Programs of the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution and the UM Mansfield Library.

The students named the project NOMAP, Natives of Montana Archival Project. They believe that the name reflects the purpose of their project, and that the acronym signifies their starting point: they had no maps to guide them in this daunting process. Nonetheless, they received sound advice from Jason Younker, an anthropologist at Rochester Institute of Technology and Coquille Tribal member who had learned important lessons in conducting the SWORP, the Southwest Oregon Research Project that identified and captured through photocopies and photographs archival documents relating to the tribes of the Oregon Coast. SWORP served as the model for NOMAP, except that NOMAP is being conducted in the digital age (and with a better acronym).

This guide distinguishes between those records held at the Mansfield Library, those digitized and available or soon-to-be available online, and those still located solely in the archival repositories in Washington DC.

The NOMAP team created a key word index to help guide the researcher. This is more important for hand-written documents, on which it is more difficult for the computer to decode the writing during a search. A description and copy of the list is attached at the end of this document.

This is intended to be an organic document, continuously growing.

We offer heartfelt thanks to Dr. JoAllyn Archambault for envisioning and providing significant sponsorship for this project.

2 National Archives and Records Administration Washington DC

NARA holdings include a broad variety of records relating to American Indians. For the most part, these are records either generated in or received by various agency offices in Washington DC. Local records such as Indian Agency records are at regional archival repositories. NARA records include both microfilm and textual records. These are listed separately in each category. Microfilm collections owned by UM are so indicated.

Record Group 75 Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)

Documents of the Bureau of Indian Affairs relations with Agencies, Tribes and Superintendencies can be roughly divided into three eras with different organizing and retaining philosophies: 1824-1880; 1881-1907; 1907-1975. Descriptions and listings of these records can be found in a variety of publications including Preliminary Inventory 163, Edward Hill, Guide to American Indian Records in the National Archives, [microfilm Giude] *1824-1880 records are organized by superintendencies and agencies and have been microfilmed. The Mansfield Library owns the Montana related microfilms *1881-1907 records are arranged chronologically by date of their arrival in DC, and not by agency or superintendency. They can only be found and accessed using a microfilm index and register to letters. Documents must be called up individually. This is the most problematic time period in this collection because the microfilm is available only in DC and it is so time-consuming. This time and labor intensive inconvenience to researchers has caused a gap in this time period in many written tribal histories. *1907-1975. Central Classified Files collected under several de-accessions (primarily groups 1907-1939, 1940-1957, 1958-1975). The documents are organized by agency or area field office and then using a decimal system to categorize specific papers and documents.

Microfilm Records in RG 75

M234 Letters Received, 1824-1880

T494 Treaty

Select Central Classified documents

Textual Records in RG 75

Central Classified Files contain some two million pieces of paper relating to Montana. Central Classified Files 1907-1939. 1,645 boxes relating to Montana tribes Central Classified Files 1940-1957. 663 boxes Central Classified Files 1958-1975. 305 boxes plus Rocky Boys

3 Central Classified Files 1907-1939

**Blackfeet Agency. 308 boxes. The following decimal numbers are digitized in full: 054, 057, 060-068, 115, 150-151, 154-155, 307-308, 313-14, 320s, 341, 360, 931

Crow Agency. 298 boxes

Flathead Agency. 449 boxes

Fort Belknap Agency. 101 boxes.

Fort Peck Agency. 331 boxes.

** Agency. 2 boxes. Digitized in full.

Rocky Boy Agency. 43 boxes.

Tongue River Agency. 112 boxes.

Central Classified Files 1940-1957

Billings Area Office. 18 boxes.

Billings District Office. 8 boxes.

Blackfeet Agency. 179 boxes.

Crow. 92 boxes.

Crow and Northern . 13 boxes.

Flathead. 106 boxes.

Fort Belknap. 23 boxes.

Fort Belknap Consolidated. 31 boxes.

Fort Peck. 142 boxes.

Northern Cheyenne. 15 boxes.

Rocky Boys. 11 boxes.

Tongue River. 25 boxes.

4 Central Classified Files 1958-1975

Billings. 1 box

Billings AFO. 31 boxes.

Blackfeet. 51 boxes.

Crow. 44 boxes.

Flathead. 48 boxes.

Flathead Irrigation Project. 5 boxes.

Fort Belknap. 6 boxes.

Fort Belknap Consolidated. 22 boxes.

Fort Peck. 53 boxes.

Northern Cheyenne. 44 boxes.

Rocky Boys. Being processed.

Letters Received, 1881-1907, Entry 91

These include many thousands of individual letters. An index of those letters pertaining to Montana is being prepared; a copy is attached to this document.

Other BIA Files

Entry 178, Office Files of Commissioner John Collier, 1933-1945. Box 7, Folder F, Fort Peck 1936, Part I, II, III. Some sensitive information here regarding individuals in report on reservation. Includes unsigned paper “Fort Peck: A Study in Abnormal Psychology and Economics” and also a report by Commissioner Collier’s Field Representative Mr. F.W. LaRouche in 3 parts, December 1936.

Entry 792, Records of the Division of Extension and Industry, Records Relating to Social and Economic Survey, 1933-34. Box 1 Blackfeet; Box 2 Crow, Flathead, Fort Belknap, Fort Peck; Box 4, Tongue River. Also some miscellaneous papers in Box 1 General Survey File folder.

Entry 989. Records of the Employee Section. Correspondence Concerning Field Personnel, 1930-36, 1939. Box 3, 1930-1936 Rocky Boy; Box 6-7 (1939) Blackfeet; Box

5 9 (1939) Crow; Box 10 (1939) Flathead, Fort Belknap; Box 11 (1939), Fort Belknap, Fort Peck; Box 16 (1939), Rocky Boys; Box 18 (1939), Tongue River.

Entry 1014Y, Office of Management Services Division of Management Research, Organization Charts and Related Records, 1936-68. Box 1 includes 2 folders with Organization Charts for Billings Office and 1 folder, “Withdrawing Bureau Services from Flathead Reservation, Montana 1952,” a 53 page document by M.D. Arnold.

**Irregularly Shaped Papers. Special File 137. Proceedings of the Blackfeet Commission. Proceedings and documents relating to negotiations at Fort Belknap and Blackfeet for U.S. acquisition of lands. Digitized in full

**Special Case 52. Crow Agreement, 1882. Crow Cessions to Relinquish Part of Reservation in Montana. Includes correspondence regarding agreement; Mountain and River Crow Council Reports, 23 March 1880. 12 June 1880, petitions by white residents to open reservation to white settlement and original treaty document with x marks for signatures. Digitized in full

Special Case 145. St. Paul, + R.R. Through Blackfeet, Ft. Berthold, Ft. Peck, + White Earth Reservations (later Great Northern Railroad). Documents relating to authority to build railroad and permissions from Indian reservations obtained after the authorizing act of 15 February 1887.

Record Group 94, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office

Entry 92. Enlistment Papers, Indian Scouts, 1866-1914. Two types of files: enlistment papers only, and jackets with “consolidated ‘personal papers.’” Organized by initial letter of surname, and then numerically below that.

Entry 93. Index to Enlistment Papers, Indian Scouts, 1866-1914. Indexes: Northern file. Names listed alphabetically.

Entry 624. File “F”, 1861-89. “Lists of casualties in various engagements, operations reports of medical directors, correspondence with Confederate authorities concerning the wounded, and sketches showing the location of some corps hospitals. Part of the file is arranged numerically and part is unarranged.” Papers re wounded US military personnel

File 424. . M.T., 23 January 1870. Papers re. injured US soldiers. Blackfeet. File 426. , M.T., 7 April 1869. Conry’s Mountain. File 436. Camp on the Yellowstone River, [Pryor’s Fork] MT 14 August 1872. Engagement with and Cheyenne. File 448. Tongue River, 4 August 1873. Engagement with Sioux. Northern Pacific Railroad Escort. File 449. Yellowstone River, 11 August 1873. Northern Pacific Railroad Escort.

6 File 460.5 Near Camp Lewis, M.T., July 7, 1875. File 461. Powder River, Montana Territory, 17 March 1876. Big Horn Expedition. ’s Village attacked. Includes 7 page letter from medical officer to his superior re wounded and killed and treatments. File 462. Battle of the Rosebud (Rosebud Creek [MT], 17 June 1876. Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition. Correspondence includes drawing of horse litter. File 463. Medical Report of Bighorn & Yellowstone Expedition [4 August – 24 October] 1876. 23 pp. File 464. Little Big Horn. Is in Box 14 of Oversized RG 94 entry 13-A MLR 270055, ARC # 300362, 9W3/8/9/2 as of 15 June 2004 [transcribed 15 June 2009] File 465. Powder River, 29 July 1876. File 470. Cantonment of Tongue River, M.T., 17 June 1877. File 472. Cedar Creek, Montana, 21 October 1876. Miles and engagement. File 473 Spring Creek, Montana, 15 October 1876. Engagement with Sioux. File 474. North Fork Powder River, 25 November 1876. Crook-McKenzie November-December expedition. Includes newspaper clippings. File 476. Wolf Mountains, Montana, 8 January 1877. Miles and the Sioux. Includes correspondence and clippings with list. File 477. Little Muddy Creek, Montana, 7 May 1877. Miles File 480. Bear’s Paw Mountains, 30 September 1877. Miles and . Correspondence includes 21 pp. report. File 481. Ruby Creek, Montana, 9 August 1877. , Gibbon and Nez Perce. Includes some correspondence. File 482. Camas Meadow, Montana, 20 August 1877. Howard’s Nez Perce Expedition. Includes some correspondence. File 483. Cañon Creek, Montana, 13 September 1877. Sturgis and Nez Perce. Includes some correspondence. File 488. Bennett’s Creek, Montana, 4 September 1878. Miles and Crow vs. Bannacks File 492. Fort Robinson Nebraska, 9-22 January 1879. Dull Knife and Cheyenne Escape. Includes numerous clippings. File 493. Mizpah Creek, Montana, 5 April 1879. File 496. Beaver Creek, Montana, 17 July 1879. Milk River, Miles v. Sioux. File 506 Pumpkin Creek, Montana. Sgt. Glover v. Sitting Bull. Small clipping included. File 511. 18 miles west of Rosebud River, Montana Territory, 8 March 1880. Indian Scout deaths at hands of “hostile Indians.” File 519. O’Fallon’s Creek, Montana, 1 April 1880. File 537. Near , Montana, 8 November 1882. Piegan v. F , 2nd Cavalry and Scouts. Indian Scout “Crooked Face” killed. File 547. Little Big Horn, or Crow Agency, Montana, 5 November 1887.

7 Record Group 217 Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury

No. 146. Indexes to Indian Contracts, April 1895-June 1922. Contracts for furnishing supplies. Organized by chronological periods and under that, alphabetical by contractor name.

No. 147. Register of Indian Contracts, May 18, 1894 – Oct. 31, 1899.

Record Group 393, Records of the U.S. Army Continental Commands, 1821-1920

8 National Archives and Records Administration College Park Maryland

Maps

9 Smithsonian Institution National Anthropological Archives

The NAA collection includes manuscripts as well as audiotapes, drawings, films, photographs and prints, etc. These are reflected in the two categories listed below. Some collections, such as The Esther Goldfrank Schiff Papers and the Papers of John Canfield Ewers thus appear in both categories below.

NAA Manuscripts

American Indian Vocabularies and Grammatical Notes 1893. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. Cheyenne. 1 item. MS 61.

Army Medical museum records concerning skeletal material transferred to the Smithsonian Institution 1868-1897. Army Medical Museum records. Microfilm req. Z.T. Daniel was listed as a co-creator - Daniel was an army physician at Cheyenne River, Blackfoot, & Pine Ridge Res. 4.33 linear feet.

Assiniboin Vocabulary ca 1860's. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. 7 pp. MS 1334.

Biographical sketch of "Big Snake, Oh-muck-see sin-a-kwan or Loud Voice, also called Black Snake Man, Piegan Indian Chief.” Created by John G. Carter. April 4, 1936. 15 pp. typescript. MS 4448.

Blackfoot Language: Piegan Dialect December 1891. Created by Albert S. Gastschet. 1 vol., 23 pp. Kennally Kipp & Joseph Kipp Informants. MS 1996.

Blackfoot vocabulary. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. 7 pp. NAA MS 9.

Blackfoot words from Uhlenbeck with probable Algonquian etymologies. Created by Truman Michelson. Blackfoot. 1 item. NAA MS 3349.

Cheyenne vocabulary in letters from Rodolphe Petter 1894, 1895, 1896. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. MS 4047.

Comparative Vocabulary of Gros Ventres or Minitarai (Atsina) and Sik-sik-ka'a or Blackfoot March 1861. 6 pp. Created by J. G. Cooper. MS 14-A.

English-Algonquian vocabulary on cards, complied from information in reply to letters of inquiry. Created by J.N.B. Hewitt. Includes Blackfoot, Chippewa, Crow. MS 3928.

English, Flathead, Blackfoot, and Nez Perce comparative vocabulary August-October 1860. Created by Gustavus Sohon. 184 pp. MS 4306-a.

Esther Schiff Goldfrank Papers, 1920-1980.

10 Box 1: Correspondence. Relevant folders: Ruth Benedict; Blackfeet; re deposit of papers in NAA; George Devereux; Margaret Mead; 1929; 1940 14 pages; 1941; 1943; 1944; 1945; 1946; 1947; 1949. Key words: Blood, Blackfoot, Goldfrank, Oscar Lewis; George Spindler; Ruth Benedict; George Devereux, Carling Malouf. “Restrictions on the use of the material specify that living informants are not to be mentioned in publications; no material is to be used to defame any individual; and, transparencies of the Isleta Paintings and copies of Joe B. Lente's letters cannot be reproduced (copies should be obtained from the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia).”

Box 2: Correspondence, 1951-1977. Key Words: Hugh Dempsey, Charlie Davis, Joe Bullshields, Crow Spreading Wings, Walter Singer, Cross Child, Heavy Head, Eagle Ribs, Owns Different Horses, Iron, Hohn Cotton, Percy Creighton, Frank Red Crow, Shot-Both-Sides, Bob Tail Chief (all Blood), Hack Blackhorse (North Blackfeet), Tobacco Planting Ceremony. Esther Goldfrank informants at Blood = the Cecil Tallows, the Creightons, Beebes, Sorrel Horses, Dog Child, James Garner, Bea Medicine. 63 relevant pages.

Box 3: Manuscripts. “The Favorite Child: A Comparison of the Institution among the Blood and Teton Dakota.” (89 pp but some are duplicates); “Life of a Blackfoot Indian (Blood) [Joe Beebe]” (ca. 150 pp.); “Notes on an Undirected Life” drafts, folder 3 of 4 (chapter on Blood ca. 46 pp.). Key words: Robert Sorrel Horse, Marjorie Sorrel Horse (granddaughter of Wolf Long Face and Sorrel Horse), Wolf Chief, Ambushed Woman, Shot on Both Sides, Chief Cropped Eared Wolf, Aloysius Cropped Eared Wolf, Bruised Head Frank Red Crow, Chief Moon, Pipe Woman, Ruth Chief Moon, White Feathers, Charlie Panther Bone, Edward , Panther Woman, Looking-Over-the-Hill, Walking-Zigzag, Bull Young Man, Yellow Howler, Bird Rattler, Buffalo Stool, Ugly Bird, Charlie Good-rider, Heavy Head, Three Guns, Owns Different Horses, Joe Beebe, Joe Bull Shield, Calf-Tail (all Blood), Mountain Chief, Big Brave, Owl Child, , beet picking, Short Hair (South Piegan), MacLeod (town), Carlisle Indian School, Quipelle Indian School in Regina, Carrying Tail Feathers (North Piegan), Dunbow School, Lone Fighters Band (North Peigan), Chief Johnny Bastin (North Piegan?), Stand-Off (town), Two Medicine (place), Browning, Spokane, Middle Spokane , Blood Reservation,

Box 4: Manuscripts. “Sorrel Horse’s Life Story from data collected … summer 1939” 2 folders (59 pp. + ca. 90 pp.), “[articles by Goldfrank]” folder (25 pp. mss by Marjor. ie Lismer on Blood adoptions ). Key words: Weasel Fox, Charcoal, Duck Man, Knife, Eagle Bear, Bear Back Bone, Round Nose, Holy Beetle, White Owl Woman, Different Steel, Jack Eagle Bear, Otter Woman, Nearby Blanket Woman, First Charger, Mrs. Ridesatdoor (all Blood?)

Box 6: Manuscripts. 7 folders, 1939 Field Notes, Blackfoot and Blood, poor condition. Roughly 810 pages. Some of the field notes were typed up in various forms, and are probably in folder 4 and 7 but field notes should be photographed

11 in full and separately. These might be the notes that Glenbow Museum microfilmed.

Box 7: Manuscripts. Blackfeet and Blood. *“Original Field Notes re Joe Beebe, Summer 1939,” handwritten; *“Original Field Notes: History;” *Miscellaneous (2 folders); *Pregnancy; *Kinship; *Summer 1939 (3 folders). Ca. 1155 pages.

Box 8: Manuscripts. Blood folder includes small 1948 event program with color painting (print) of Shot On Both Sides, Blood Chief, painting by Gerald Tail Feathers. She sent these notes to George Spindler for his work, and he later returned them. Ca. 1145 pages.

Box 10: All 12 folders categorized Blackfoot and Blood. Harry Bieles notes in tattered 6 x 9 spiral notebook. Marjorie Lismer’s notes are also here. Many of these field studies were done under Ruth Lee Benedict’s leadership. Key words include Manly Hearted Woman. Ca. 680 pages.

Box 11: Marjorie Lismer’s 3 x 5 Notecards . Blood and Blackfoot. Ca. 1100.

Ethnography of the American tribes of North and Central America. 1877. Bound book 8.5 “ x 13” with handwritten notes ca. 400 pages. Ca. 18 relevant pages: Salish 11 pp. (a little on Montana); Algonkin section includes 3 pp on Cree, 1 page on Cheyenne, a small section on Chippewa, 3 p. on Blackfeet.MS 26.

Field notes concerning Piegan Blackfoot ethnography, including ceremonials and societies, with some linguistic notes June-July, 1910. Created by Truman Michelson. 150 pp. MS 2827.

Garrick Mallery Collection on Sign Language & Pictography. Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Crow. Late 1800s. 12 boxes. MS 2372.

Grammatical Material. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. Cheyenne, . 150 cards. MS 3027.

Hugh Lenox Scott Papers accumulated while serving on Board of Indian Commissioners February 25, 1919 - July 25, 1933. Includes 6 boxes relating to Blackfoot, Chippewa, Cree, Cheyenne, Flathead, Crow, Assiniboin, . MS 4525.

Hymn composed by Prando in Piegan Blackfoot, with interlinear translation. Created by Petrus Paulus Prandus. MS 58.

Letters received 1880-1891. Albert Gatschet, creator. Relevant folder: Lanning. C. M. Lanning wrote a Blackfoot vocabulary in 1882. This letter discusses names for the tribe and also for Chief “Big Crow Foot.” Key words: Siksika, Pikuni, Kainah Big Crow Foot (Blackfeet Chief), Crow Indians, Blackfeet. 2 pp. MS 4047.

12 Letters to C. Hart Merriam 1878-1932. Created by George Bird Grinnell. Re Cheyenne and Blackfeet. 200 pages. MS 7090.

Letters to M. W. Stirling June 14, 1934 and June 26, 1934. Created by Richard Sanderville. Blackfeet. 2 pp. MS 4078.

Linguistic material turned over to the BAE 1896. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. 16 pp. MS 684.

Manuscript and Pamphlet File. Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Department of Anthropology Division of Ethnology. 495 inch file includes Blackfoot, Nez Perce, Shoshoni.

Memorandum on the proper use of the word Blackfoot' or Blackfeet' as applied to the Siksika, Kainah and Pikuni, or Blackfoot, Blood and Piegan tribes 1930s. Created by John G. Carter. Typescript document. MS 4447.

Nomina verbalia with their verb bases…nomina acti; actionis, agentis, actoris, and nomina instrumenti 1895. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. Blackfoot, , Cree. 24 pp. MS 3437.

Notebook February and March 1891. Created by Daniel Little Chief, Cheyenne. 33 pp. Available digitally online from NAA. MS 2016-b.

Notes on names, and linguistic notes on Siouan, Athapascan, Caddoan, Iroquoian, and Muskhogean tribes ca. 1900., Francis T. Haggadom, collector. 256 pp. including Blackfoot, Chippewa, , Cree. MS 1522.

Notes on sign language and miscellaneous ethnographic notes on 1934. Created by General Hugh Lenox Scott. Includes Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Chippewa, Flathead, Gros Ventre, Arikara, Hidatsa, Cree, Crow, Atsina, Nez Perce, Assiniboin, Kootenai, Piegan. 4 boxes, 2,736 pp. MS 2932.

Notes on the etymology of local names, ancient and modern. Created by Albert S. Gatschet. 12 pp. MS 1246.

The Papers of John Canfield Ewers

Series 1, Box 3. Manuscripts. Correspondence related to Blackfeet, Salish, Pend d’Oreilles, Crow. Relevant folders: Bernardis, Tim; Bigart, Robert; [Blackfeet Indian Agency], Blackfeet Tribal Archives; Blackfeet Tribe; Blackfoot Community College

Series 1, Box 7. Manuscripts. Dempsey, Hugh – 14 folders. Restrictions apply.

13 Series 1, Box 8. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Dusenberry, Verne; Farr, William E.

Series 1, Box 9. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Glacier National Park, Glacier Reporter.

Series 1, Box 12. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Hill, Louis Jr.; Horse Capture, George.

Series 1, Box 15. Manuscripts. Relevant Folder: Little Big Horn College.

Series 1, Box 16. Manuscripts. Fort Peck and Crow. Relevant Folders: Malone, Michael (Montana State U.); Malouf, Carling; Medicine, Bea; Medicine Crow, Joe; Miller, David (Fort Peck Community College); Montana – Magazine of Western History.

Series 1, Box 17. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Montana Historical Society; Montana – University of; ; Museum of the Great Plans, 1974, 1976-77; Museum of the Plains Indian, 1954

Series 1, Box 19. Manuscripts. Relevant Folder: Museum of the Rockies.

Series 1, Box 22. Manuscripts. Blackfeet, Crow, Northern Cheyenne. Relevant Folders: Pepion, Loretta; Piegan Storyteller; Plainfeather, Mardell; Powell, Father Peter

Series 1, Box 24. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Rosier, Paul; Schaeffer, Claude.

Series 1, Box 25. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Schenk, Theresa; Scriver, Bob; Smith, Donald B.; Sohon, Julian; Spindler, George.

Series 1, Box 27. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Toole, K. Ross; Wagner, Curly Bear (Blackfeet Reservation); Warner, Cree Manuscript.

Series 1, Box 28. Manuscripts. Relevant Folders: Wheeler, Mre. Lawrence.

Series 1, Box 29. Manuscripts. Relevant Folder: Yellowstone National Park.

Series II, Box 1. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Assiniboin (6 folders).

Series II, Box 2. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Assiniboin Crafts Study; The Blackfeet – Additional Chapters; The Blackfeet – Weinhold Reiss’ Indians; [The Blackfeet and Gros Ventre Tribes of Indians … An Ethnological Report].

Series II, Box 3. Manuscripts. Entire box Blackfeet and Blackfoot.

14 Series II, Box 4. Manuscripts. Entire box Blackfoot.

Series II, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: 4 Blackfoot folders; 2 Blood Indians folders; Blood Mo’Toki Notes.

Series II, Box 7. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Buffalo Child Long Lance; [“The Cardiff Giant”?]

Series II, Box 8. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Catholic Ladder vs. Blackfeet Pictorial Religious Symbols; Cecile Black Boy.

Series II, Box 9. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Chippewa-Cree Claim. See also Oversize #1.

Series II, Box 10. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Chippewa-Cree Claim cont.

Series II, Box 11. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Chippewa Cree Claim cont.; Contemporary White-Indian Problems – Blackfeet Reservation.

Series II, Box 12. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Crow (9 folders); Custer Battle Scenes; Custer Cyclorama.

Series II, Box 14. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Denig Manuscript; Dengi Research; Denig – Cree Medicince; [Denig – Hewitt]; Denver Art Museum – Walters, Wissler, Wissler-Walters.

Series II, Box 16. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Denver Specimen Notes; De Smet Project.

Series II, Box 17. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Doty (2 folders); Drawing Books; Early Indian Photos.

Series II, Box 18. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Early Indian Photos Project; [Early Museum Project – Middleton, Archdeacon’s Blood Collection].

Series II, Box 21. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Fidler Manuscript (Hudson Bay Archives); Fortn Benton Project Review; Ft. Shaw Photos; Fort Union; Fortifications – Plains Indians.

Series II, Box 22. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Fortifications – Plains Indians; Green Grass Bull.

Series II, Box 23. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: “Hands and Spirit” Blackfeet Arts (2 folders); [Hill, James J.]; Horse Book; Horse Study – Correspondence.

15 Series II, Box 24. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: The Horse – Research and Correspondence; [Horses – Spotted Tail Agency].

Series II, Box 25. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: First 8 labeled “Indian;” not checked for relevance.

Series II, Box 27. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Maps; Masterpieces; [McClintock]; [Metis]; Miscellaneous Indian Research.

Series II, Box 30. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Northern Research Program.

Series II, Box 31. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Northern Great Plains Resource Program; [Northern Plains Village Cultures]; Okeepa – Kipp; Old Maps – Of Plains.

Series II, Box 32. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Painted and Painting folders not checked for relevance.

Series II, Box 33. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Unchecked

Series II, Box 34. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Parfleche; Physically Handicapped Artists; Pictorial Art; The Piegan Storyteller; Pipes for the President; Plains Handbook Article; Plains Indian Art.

Series II, Box 35-36. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Unchecked

Series II, Box 37. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Plains Indian Sculpture; Plenty Coups; Prairie Turnip; Red River Half Breed Work; Research on Plains Studies History; Rock Art; Rock [Art].

Series II, Box 38. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: [Rocky Mountain Fur Trade]; []; Rotten Belly, Chief of the Crows; [Saddles]; [Salish Dialects – Map]; Sanderville, Richard; Scriver, Bob.

Series II, Box 39. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: [Stone Buffalo and Buffalo Calling; Symbols of Chiefly Authority.

Series II, Box 40. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Taylor, James E. - Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument.

Series II, Box 41. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Linings – Painted; Tipi Project – Montana State University; – Painted – Blackfeet; Tipis – Painted – other than Blackfeet; Trade and Annuity Goods; Trade Goods – Fr Trade Correspondence; Trade Goods – HBC.

16 Series II, Box 42. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Trade Goods; Two Leggings.

Series II, Box 43. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: War Histories; [Waterton/ Glacier International Peace Park.

Series II, Box 45. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: [Writings by Others – Coleman, Cheyenne Beadwork Paper].

Series II, Box 46. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: [Writings by Others, Harrod, Howard L.].

Series II, Box 47. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: [Writings by Others – Liberty, Margot; McFee, Malcolm; Regan, Ann].

Series III, Box 1. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: No. 3 – Flathead; No. 6 – Woman Warriors.

Series III, Box 3. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: No. 17 – Weasel Tail on War.

Series III, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: No. 59 – Relief Carving Among the Blackfeet; No. 60 – Wades in the Water, A Piegan Beau Brummel.

Series III, Box 6. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: No. 63 – The Blackfeet Straight- up Bonnet; No. 64 – Pictorial History of the Blackfeet; B8 – Gustavus Sohon.

Series III, Box 7. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: B8 – Gustavus Sohon.

Series IV, Box 1. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Browning; Blackfoot Research Detail; Denver Blood Detail; Records of Blood and Some Piegan Materials in Collection of Denver Art Museum.

Series IV, Box 2. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Field Notes (Blood Encampment); Assiniboin Field Trip; Blackfoot Archive Notes; Fort Belknap – Field Notes; Field Notes – Assiniboin – Fort Peck.

Series IV, Box 3. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Montana Honorary; Montana Consultation.

Series IV, Box 4. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Calgary, ; Montana – Browning.

Series IV, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Helena; Montana Notes.

Series IV, Box 6. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Beginnings of Museum of Plains Indian; Western Trip; Fort Union Seminar.

17 Series IV, Box 8. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Lynne Spriggs.

Series V, Box 7. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Russell, Charles M.

Series V, Box 8. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Sohon; Sohon Drawings; Sohon Paper.

Series VI, Box 1 - Artists. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Bear Medicine, John; Black Weasel, Wilbur; Boy, Calvin; Boy, Levi Enemy; Clarke, John; Cuts the Rope, Clarence; Daychild, William.

Series VI, Box 2. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Fisher, Joe; Gervais, Tom; Harwood, Raymond Jr.; Hilton, Jeneese; Kitson, Myrna ‘Cookie’; Knows Gun, Ellis; Kuka, King; LaPier, Jenny; Little Plume, John III; Little Thunder, Merlin; Livermore, Cynthia; Lone Wolf; Long Soldier and Gail Running Wolf Sr.

Series VI, Box 3. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Moran, Rose Azure; Norman, Darrel L.; No Runner, John B; Paisley, Larry G.; Parsons, Neil; Pepion, Daniel and Levi; Pepion, Victor; Racine, Albert; Red Star, Kevin; Ross, Jack; Roullier, Frederick E.; Runsthrough, Douglas; Schultz, Mart Merriam; Shelby, Aubert; Shields, George Jr.; Squint Eye; Stewart, Kathryn and Susan; Tailfeathers, Gerald.

Series VI, Box 4. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Upham, Edward; White Calico, Gloria; White Swan; Wilkerson, Patti Jo; Wolf Feather; Youngman, Alfred.

Series VI, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Cheyenne Ledger Book.

Series VII, Box 1. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Blackfoot – Modern; [Blackfoot Pipes Pipe-Making]; John Clarke; Custer Battlefield National Monument.

Series VII, Box 3. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Montana Historical Society; [Photographs – Glenbow Etc].

Series VII, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Powell, Father Peter.

Series IX, Box 4. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Exhibit Halls – Hall 9 – Plains Indian Exhibit.

Series IX, Box 5. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Hall 9 Plains Data.

Series IX, Box 11. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Handbook of North American Indians; Historic Basis of Northern Plains Cultures.

Series IX, Box 14. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Northern Cheyenne – Visit; Plains Indian Collecting; [Plains Indian Ethnological Collections]

18

Series IX, Box 15. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Scriver Collection – Repatriation?

Series XII, Box 1. Manuscripts. Relevant folders: Essays in Plains Indian History - [Preface Draft].

Series XIII, Box 17. Scrapbooks – Blackfeet Jack; Review.

Series XIV, Box 1-2. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Blackfoot Ethnohistory.

Series XIV, Box 2-3. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Tribal Locations, Blackfoot and Other.

Series XIV, Box 4-5. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Blackfoot Political Organization.

Series XIV, Box 5-7. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Horse in Blackfoot Culture.

Series XIV, Box 8-9. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Crow Indian Ethnohistory.

Series XIV, Box 10-11. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Individual Biographies.

Series XIV, Box 12-13. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Firearms.

Series XIV, Box 14-15. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Warfare.

Series XIV, Box 15-16. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Warfare

Series XIV, Box 16-17. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Uses Natural Resources.

Series XIV, Box 17-18. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Social Life.

Series XIV, Box 18. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Varied Short Projects.

Series XIV, Box 19. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Rocky Boy’s Renegades Ride Again; Prairie Turnip.

Series XIV, Box 20-21. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Plains Painting Colors.

Series XIV, Box 21-22. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). 20th Century Painting.

Series XIV, Box 22-23. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Painted Tipis.

Series XIV, Box 24-25. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Painted Life Forms.

19 Series XIV, Box 25-29. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Plains Carving.

Series XIV, Box 29-30. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Moccasins and Women’s Clothing.

Series XIV, Box 30-32. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Men’s Clothing.

Series XIV, Box 32-33. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Crafts history.

Series XIV, Box 33. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Fur Trade.

Series XIV, Box 34. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). White Man’s Medicine.

Series XIV, Box 35-40. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). White Artists among Plains Indians.

Series XIV, Box 42. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Photographers and Sculptors

Series XIV, Box 44. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Miscellaneous Class Notes.

Series XIV, Box 52. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Smithsonian Plains Collection.

Series XIV, Box 54. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Hill Collection Data.

Series XIV, Box 58. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Ewers Bibliography.

Series XV, Box 1. Card Files (3 x 5 and 5 x 7). Blackfoot Drawings; Blackfoot Sketches.

Partial abridged copy of "A report to the hon. Issac I. Stevens, Governor of Washington Territory, on the Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri ca. 1854. Includes Assiniboin. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. 150 pp. MS 2600-b-2.

Piegan Blackfoot Linguistic Notes 1910. Created by Truman Michelson. 25 slips. NAA MS 2813-a.

Piegan Blackfoot Stories in English June-July, 1910. Created by Truman Michelson. 51 pp. MS 2826. Available digitally at http://saokioheritage.com language page.

Piegan Blackfoot Texts, apparently myths, most with free translations, June-July 1910. Created by Truman Michelson. “Narratives are from dictaphone recordings by various informants, most transcribed as redictated by D.C. Duvall.” Ca 165 pp. MS 2823. Available digitally at http://saokioheritage.com language page.

Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Series 1, Correspondence, Letters Received 1909-1940.

20

Box 197: Truman Michelson correspondence 1910-1911, 1912 , 1913, 1917- 1920, 1921-1923. Letters regarding Chippewa, Cree, Atsina, Cheyenne, and Sutaiu languages. Key words: Atsina, Blackfeet, Blackfoot, Blood, Gros Ventres, Chippewa, Cree, Truman Michelson, Crow Agency Sutaiu, Glacier National Park.

Box 198: Truman Michelson correspondence 1930-1932. Letters re Blackfeet language Letters regarding the Blackfeet language. Key words: Blackfoot, Sarcee, Gleichen, Northern Cheyenne.

The religion of the Blackfeet Indians, June 30, 1934. Created by Richard Sanderville. 4 pp. Typescript. NAA MS 4080

A report to the hon. Issac I. Stevens, Governor of Washington Territory, on the Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri ca. 1854. Includes Assiniboin. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. 488 pp. MS 2600-a.

Sister Marie Inez Hilger Papers 1931-1971. Chippewa, Crow, Arapaho. 18 feet.

Vocabulary and phrases of Piegan Blackfoot, with explanatory notes by L. L. Meeker. Created by Charles Marceau. 7 pp. MS 1826.

Vocabulary of Sik-sik-kaa or Blackfoot March, 1861. Created by J.G. Cooper. 7 pp. MS 14-b.

NAA Audiotapes, Drawings , Films, Photographs and Prints

Anonymous drawing of an Assiniboine running a buffalo, 1854. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. Available digitally online. 7 drawings. MS 2600-B-1, OPPS NEG 42514.

Anonymous Assiniboine drawings of Assiniboine implements, ca 1853. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. Available digitally online. 1 drawing. MS 2600-B-1.

Anonymous Assiniboine drawing of scalp dance, 1853. Created by Edwin Thompson Denig. Available digitally online. 1 drawing. MS 2600-B-1, OPPS NEG 42154 E.

Antelope Drawings, possibly Blackfoot n.d. 16 drawings. Available digitally online from NAA. MS 7499.

Blackfeet Burial Scene n.d. 1 photo by William E. Cacheux. NAA INV 016080400

Bureau of American Ethnology Reference Albums 1858-1905. 926 photographic prints include Blackfoot – Piegan. NAA Photo lot 60.

21 Cheyenne Indian Sundance c. 1937. Silent color film, 250 feet, 11 minutes. HSFA 87.12.1

Copy prints from the National Museum of 1893-1926. 61 prints including Blackfoot and Cree from the collections of the National Museum of Canada. Photo Lot 81N.

Esther Schiff Goldfrank Papers, 1920-1980.

Box 14: Photographs. Blood and Blackfoot. 61 black and white photos. Some pueblo pictures interspersed. Photos of individuals including Shot on Both Sides, photos from 1939 Sun Dance, 1939 Horn Society photos, photos maybe from 1910 Sun Dance.

Eugene S. Dutcher Photographs 1892-1898. Blackfoot. 200 prints. NAA Photo Lot 92-9.

Flying Out drawings of Cheyenne battles and silver horn drawing of Kiowa medicine lodge ceremony ca 1904. Created by James Mooney. 8 drawings. MS 233, 124-130.

Gambler's song. Created by Glacier Park Indians. 1 cassette recording. part of Woodbury Album of sound recordings of Indian music. NAA MS 7231.

George V. Allen Photographic Collection 1860s-1930s. 1500 items including Blackfoot, Chippewa, Flathead, Gros Ventre, Cheyenne, Crow, Nez Perce, Cree, Assiniboin, Kalispel. Photo lot 90-1.

Indian Observance of 100th Anniversary of the Battle of the Little Big Horn 1976. 21 photos created by Cliff Mealy. Cheyenne. NAA Photo Lot 77-72.

Indians with members of the law firm of Serven and Potter 1930; 1934. Blackfoot, Nez Perce. 2 prints. NAA Photo Lot 89-50.

Life zones of Glacier National Park, Montana n.d. Map. Includes Blackfeet and Flathead. NAA INV 33.

Nelson, Appleton, Miles Photograph Collection, 1864-1912. Assiniboin. 9 negatives, 300 prints. 6 negatives and 49 black and white prints have been digitized at NAA.

The Papers of John Canfield Ewers

Series XIII, Box 1. Microfilm Blackfoot Indian Notes; Photographs – Assiniboine Field Photos; Photographs – Blackfoot.

Series XIII, Box 2. Photographs - Blackfoot Reservation; Blackfoot Sun Dance.

Series XIII, Box 3. Photographs – Flathead Field Photos.

22

Series XIII, Box 7. Slides. 18 – Women’s Dresses Blackfoot; 20 - Moccasin Making … Assiniboine, Gros Ventre, Blackfeet

Series XIII, Box 8. Slides – Blackfeet Sun Dance, Blackfeet Pictorial History.

Series XIII, Box 9. Slides – Assiniboin; [Blackfoot]; Blackfoot and Blood; Blackfoot Indians; Blackfoot Crafts

Series XIII, Box 10. Slides – Blackfoot History Pics; Blackfoot Museum; Cheyenne Painted Tipis.

Series XIII, Box 12 Slides – [Plenty Coups and Crow Reservation]

Series XIII, Box 13. Slides – Oversize Slides, Blackfoot.

Series XIII, Box 15. Audiotapes – Ewers-Wedel Symposium, Doug Parks, Joe Medicine Crow.

Portrait (front) of Nuo Knit Sta (Three Calves), from the Blackfoot Reservation, Montana in Native Dress Including Beaded Buckskin Leggings with Ermine Tassels, and Holding gun 1898. Created by Frank Albert Rinehart. 1 print. NAA INV 2902501.

Rodman Wanamaker Expedition Footage, ca. 1913. Created by Rodman Wanamaker. Blackfeet. 1 reel black and white. HSFA 2006.3.2

Sister Marie Inez Hilger Sound Recordings, 1952-1973. Blackfoot. 35 sound recordings.

Tilton Collection before 1912. Created by Willis G. Tilton. Includes Blackfoot, Assiniboin, Cheyenne, Atsina, Flathead, Crow, . 675 negatives. NAA Photo Lot 89-8.

William Meggers Footage of American Indians, 1927, 1929, 1931, 94.16.1 1931. Blackfeet. 1 videocassette. VHS/Betacam/16 mm b&w. HSFA 94.15.1.

23 Smithsonian Institution National Museum of the American Indian Archives

Records of the National Congress of American Indians. Numerous files have mixed records that include Montana Indian tribes, individuals and issues. The list here is of files devoted specifically to Montana. There are two guides to NCAI papers at NMAIA. One is a short Guide and the other is a long guide.

SHORT GUIDE: Series 2: Executive Council & Committee Meetings (1989-1991). 2:4 includes Billings area correspondence, 1983.

Series 3: Correspondence. 1:6 Relevant File: Billings area 1980.

Series 4: Tribal Records. Box 1:13 relevant files: Blackfeet drought assistance (1985); Blackfeet (n.d.); Cheyenne-Northern Cheyenne Tribe (MT) (1986); Crow (n.d.); Crow: Crow v. State of (1983); Crow (1988); Crow “Acctg Systems: Efforts to Improve Crow Tribe’s Acctg System,” GAO (1989).

Series 4: Tribal Records. Native American Publications List. Box 13:13, Relevant folder: Wotanin Wowapi

Series 5: NCAI Committees & Special Issues – Education. Box 18:50. Relevant folder: Rocky Boy health issues, 1990.

Series 5: NCAI Committees & Special Issues - Natural Resources . Box 30:50. Flathead [MT] Water Issues, 1990.

Series 5: NCAI Committees & Special Issues – Indian and Native Veterans. Box 49.50. Relevant Folder: American Indian Veteran Business Development Seminars, Billings MT, 3/27-28/87.

Series 9: Court Cases. Box 1:18. Relevant file: Montana v. United States, No. 79- 1128, 1981.

LONG GUIDE Series 4: Tribal Files. Individual Tribes, Bands & Reservations (Boxes 95-106 below); Intertribal Organizations (Box 138 below).

Box 95 includes: Fort Peck [Assiniboine and Sioux - Montana] 1948- 1958; Fort Peck [Assiniboine and Sioux - Montana] 1959-1961; Assiniboine and Sioux (Montana) 1959-1973; Assiniboine and Sioux (Montana) 1977; Fort Peck: Tribal Election 1953-1956; Blackfeet (Montana) 1950-1955; Blackfeet (Montana) 1956-1961

Box 96 includes: Blackfeet (Montana) 1968; Blackfeet (Montana) 1970-

24 1973; [Blackfeet - Constitution, 1974]

Box 99 includes: Northern Cheyenne (Montana) 1947-1955; Northern Cheyenne (Montana) 1956-1961; Northern Cheyenne (Montana) 1959- 1977; Northern Cheyenne (Montana) 1980; Northern Cheyenne (Montana) [1980-1982]; Northern Cheyenne Livestock Assn. [1982]

Box 101 includes: Chippewa-Cree [Rocky Boy's Reservation - Montana] 1955-1963; Chippewa-Cree (Montana) 1963-1970; Rocky Boy's Agency [1975]

Box 104 includes: Crow (Montana) 1947-1951; Crow (Montana) 1955- 1956

Box 105 includes: Crow (Montana) 1957-1958; Crow (Montana) 1959; Crow (Montana) 1960-1968; Crow (Montana) [1972-1975]; Crow (Montana) 1974-1988; Crow (Montana) Yellowtail Dam 1956-1958; Flatheads - Confederated Salish and Kootenai 1950-1959; Flatheads - Confederated Salish and Kootenai 1960-1961; Flatheads - Confederated Salish and Kootenai 1962-1977; Flatheads - Confederated Salish and Kootenai [1969-1970]; Flatheads - Confederated Salish and Kootenai - Termination 1953-1954.

Box 106 includes: Gros Ventre and Assiniboine (Montana) 1947-1959; Gros Ventre and Assiniboine (Montana) 1960-1969; Hill 57 (Montana) 1957-1959

Box 138 includes: Montana Inter-Tribal Council 1956-1961; Montana Inter-Tribal Policy Board [1967]; Montana Inter-Tribal Policy Board [1973]; Montana Inter-Tribal Policy Board [Resolutions] [1972-1975].

Series 6: NCAI Committees and Special Issues

Box 212 includes: Crow - Water Rights 1975; [ and Big Horn River Controversy]

Box 213 includes: Flathead Irrigation Project

Box 215 includes. Water – Montana; Water: Montana Cases (filed 4/5/79); Northern Cheyenne v. Adsit [RE: Montana - Water, 1981]

Box 220 includes: [Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation, Montana - Water Resources Evaluation, 1974]

Box 236 includes: Energy Meeting - Billings, Montana (Ramada Inn) 10/13-14, 1975 I; Energy Meeting - Billings, Montana (Ramada Inn)

25 10/13-14, 1975 II; [Transcript - Energy Meeting - Billings, Montana October 13 & 14, 1975, part I & II]

Series 6 RESERVATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM PROPOSALS - TRIBAL FILES.

1:49 includes: Blackfeet Reservation, Montana, 1971; Flathead Reservation, Montana, 1971; Fort Belknap Reservation Montana, 1971; Fort Peck Reservation, Montana, 1971; Northern Cheyenne Reservation, Montana, 1971; Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana, 1971

3:49 includes: Creek and Lower Brule Sioux Tribe, , 1967- 69; Flathead Reservation, Montana, 1970; Fort Belknap Reservation, Montana (Gros-Ventre, Assiniboine), 1969; Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Reservation, Montana, 1959-71.

14:49 NCAI Industrial Developmental Files include: "Overall Econ Devel Plan for Bear Paw Devel Dist of Northern Montana" [Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation and Fort Belknap Indian Reservation], ca. 1968

Series 7 UET (United Effort Trust)

Box 2 includes: Contacts in Montana Indian People, UET Voter Participation & So On; UET Montana Organization Contact Sheet

Box 9 includes: UET Blackfeet Tribal Council; UET Northern Cheyenne Tribe; UET Flathead Tribal Council

26 Library of Congress

American Folklife Center. Contains recordings of songs and speech of various tribal members on cylinders, lps, cds and various kinds of tapes.

27 Appendix 1: Key Word Index

The NOMAP team has identified a broad list of key words that relate to the history of tribes in Montana and to the documents located and digitized for this project. We developed this list of key words to aid researchers. The computer system used to digitize and display the documents has powerful OCD software that permits near-complete searching of the typed or printed word, but cannot decode hand-written documents. Each page of hand-written paper and each hand-written document has been associated with the key terms related to it in the “metadata” that supports the image. In essence, this means that the hand-written documents also are now searchable by key word.

Keyword 1863 Treaty Asbury, F. A. Bald Eagle 66th Congress/3rd Session Ash Creek Baldwin, Dale M. Aberdeen Area Office Ashbury, C. H. Baldwin, Mark D. Aberle, David F. Ashley, William H. Bandenburg, Henry Adams, Charles Ashley‐Henry Post Baptist, John Adams, John Assiniboine Baptists Adovasio, James M. Assiniboine, Al Bark Creek Afraid of His Track Assiniboine, Joe Barker, Anna E. Afraid of the Bear Assiniboine's Ghost Barker, George After Buffalo Atlas, Maximilian Bastin, Johnny Aggers, Charles Atsina Crazy Dance Batchelder, B. P. Ahenakew, Edward Atsina Scalp Dance Bates Albright, Peggy Audubon, John James Battle of Lame Deer Alderson, W. W. Augur, C. C. Battle of Rosebud Alexander Augustus, George Battle of the Big Hole Allen, George V. Babb Battle of the Little Big Horn Allen, Paul Babby, Wyman D. Bavman, William Jr. Allen, Reuben Bad Bear Beal's Gallery Almond, Mr. Bad Hat Beaman, E. D. Almost a Dog Bad Head Bear (Medicine Pipe) Dance Alvord Bad Iron Bear Back Bone Ambushed Woman Bad Lands Bear Butte Bad Santee Bear Chief Anakitapikwan Bad Tempered Bear Bear Chief Andrews, R. L. Badger Bear Comes Anthony, E. Badroads, Tom Bear Coming Out Archambult, Sam Baery, D. F. Bear Creek Massacre Archdale, Jim Baily Bear Eagle Archiquette Baird, R. M. Bear Foot Arlee, MT Baker, Anson A. Bear Ghost Armstrong, Edward C. Baker, B. P. Bear Hawk Arrowtop, Phillip Baker, I. G. & Co. Bear Man Arthur, Chester A. Baker, Major Eugene Bear Medicine

28 Bear Necklace Big Medicine Blackbird, Charles Bear Paw Big Medicine, Annie Blackbird, George Bear Paw Mountains Big Medicine, Grace Blackcrow, Mark Bear Paw Mountains Big Medicine, Juanita Blackfeet Bear Skin Cap Big Medicine, Mary Blackfeet Agency Bear Stands High Big Moon, Jack Blackfoot Bear, Dan Big Robber Blackfoot Agency Archaeology Bear, Frank Big Snake Blackhorse, Jack Beard, William H. Big Star Blair, Montana Beautiful Hair Big Top, Frank Blessing, S. T. Beaver Bigby, William Blood Reservation, CAN Beaver Tribe Bighorn, Spike Bloody Mouth Beck, James P. Billings Area Office Bloomfield, Leonard Beebe, Joe Bird Blosser, J. A. Beebes Bird Rattler Blue Bird Beet Picking Bird, Blue Rock Bell, Tom Birdtail, George Board of Indian Commissioners Bell, William Birdtail, Jim Boas, Franz Benedict, Ruth Bishop Bob Tail Bear Beneke, Robert Bison Bob Tail Chief Benjamin, William L. Bitterroot Indians Bob‐tail Bear Bennett & Brown Bodmer, Carl Bennett, H. H. Black Bear Bonine, E. A. Bennett, Robert L. Black Bones Bonnichsen, Robson, et. Al. Benteen Black Boy, Cecile Boodell, Abner C., Jr. Benton, Monroe Black Boy, Reuben Boos, George E. & Co. Berdache Black Catfish Boulton, Laura Bernstein, Bruce Black Chicken Box Elder, Montana Berry, Bill Black Cloud Boy Biddle, Nicholas Black Crow Boy Bierstadt, C. Black Dog Boy Chief Big Arm Black Duck Bozeman, John Big Back Black Eagle Bracelet Big Bear Black Elk Bradley, James H. Big Beaver, Joe Black Eye Bradley, Stephen Big Brave Black Fox Brave Wolf Big Cow Horn Black Hawk Break Pine Big Crow Foot Brigs Down the Sun Big Foot Black Hills View Co. Bring Himself Big Horn Black Horn Brinton, Nicholas Big Horn Mountains Black Horse Brockham, William Big Horn River Black Reed, Mrs. Brockie, Clarence Big Lake Black Shield Brockie, Victor Big Leggings Black Tomahawk Brockton Big Man Blackbird, Al

29 Brocky Bushy Head Charlo Broken Arm Bushy Head, Dick Chase, D. B. Brooks Busnell Chasing Hawk Brown ,W. Henry Butcher, Ino H. U. Chasing the Bear Brown Horn Cacheux, William E. Chelsea, Montana Brown, Jim Calf Out of Sight Cheyenne Brown, Paul R. Calf Rises in Sight Cheyenne River Agency Browning, Calf Robe, Ben Chicken Head Browning, MT Calf Shirt Brubaker & Whitesides Calfee, H. B. Chief Moon, Ruth Bruised Head Calf‐tail Childs, B. F. Bryant, Edwin Calhoun, John c. Chippewa Cree Buck, William Chittenden, Hirum Martin Buckles, Campbell Choate, J. N. Buckman, John Campbell, A. B. Chopwood, Henry Buffalo Campbell, F. C. Choteau, P. Jr. Buffalo Child Long Lance Campbell, Robert Choteau, MT Buffalo Stool Canada Chowan, Bruce Bull Bear Canyon Creek Circle Bull Bear, Jack Cappannari, Stephen C. Light Bull Calf Capture, Peter Clark, Ben Bull Cap Carbutt, John Clark, Capt. Philio Bull Chief, Herbert Carlisle Indian School Clark, Capt. W. P. Bull Child, George Carlisle, R. C. Clark, Ella Elizabeth Bull Child, Louis Carriker Clark, George Bull Don't Fall Down Carroll, MT Clark, M. B. Bull Eagle Carrying Tail Feathers Clark, William Bull Mountain Carrywater, Moses Clearwater River Bull Shield, Joe Carter, John G. Clemmer‐Smith, Richard O. Bull Shoe Carter, Joseph T. Climo's Bull Young Man Cascade Close Bullchild, Percy Caswell & Davy Cloud Chief Bulls Back Fat Catches Him Cloud Heart Bulls Back Fat Catlin, George Cloudy Eyes Bulls Head Cattle on Crow Reservation Clown Bulls Head Cauno, Raymond Cobb Bumgarner, William Cedar Creek Cochran, Bruce D. Bundle, Wallace Central Pacific Railroad Cochran, George Bureau of American Ethnology Chabonneau Coe, Charles F. Burnt Soldier Chamberlain, Alexander F. Coeur d'Alene Burpee, Lawrence J. Chamberlain, E. G. Collier, John Burshia, Newell Chambers, James H. Colstrip Burtch, Seth Champagne, Louis Colton, G. W. & C. B. & Co. Burton, Capt. R. F. Charcoal Colville Busby, MT Charging Crow Comes up Red

30 Conklin, Elizabeth Crow Belly Devereux, George Conn, Richard Crow Creek Agency Dickson, Charles Constant, Jerry Crow Man Dickson, James G. Continent Stereo Co. Crow Sign Language Diehl, E. J. Contway, George Crow Spreading Wings Different Steel Cook, A. L. Crow Tobacco Planting Ceremony Dinsmore, A. F. Cookings, Matthew Dance Dix Cooper, J.G. Dixon Agency Cooper, John Montgomery Crum, Beverly Dodge, Richard I. Copelin Crum, Steven Dog Child Cosand & Moser Culbertson, Alexander Dog Listens Costa, Arnold Culbertson, MT Dog on the Plains Cote, J. O Culbertson, T. A. Dog that Goes Back Cotton, John Cullen, William J. Dog Walking Court, Vaillan Cumming, Alfred Dog's Voice Cowen, Dale C. Cummings Don't Stay in Camp Coyote Runs Cunnigham & co. Dorchester, Daniel Cozzens, judge Curley Doremus, J. P. Crasco, William Curley, Dora Dorsey, George A. Crawford, James D. Curly Head Dorsey, George W. Crazy Boy Currier, Frank I. Dove Crazy Bull Curtis Act Downing, Glenn R. Crazy Dogs Society Curtis, Edward S. Dragonfly, John Crazy Head Cushing, W. H. Driver, Harold E. Crazy, Joe Custer Co., MT Dubois, F. L. Cream Antelope Custer, General George Armstrong Duck Man Cree Cut Bank, MT Duhem Bros. Cree Alphabet Cuts the Robe Dull Knife Cree Dictionary Cuts the Robe, Frank Dumont Cree Lexicon Dumont, Gabriel Cree Sign Language Dangberg, Grace M. Duncan, Clinton Cree Syllabary Daniel, Z. T. Dung on the Floor Cree Town Danielson, William DuPonceau, Peter S. Creighton, Percy Davis, Charles Dusenberry, Verne Creightons Davis, Leslie Dutcher, Eugene S. Croft Davis, S. Duvall, David C. Croft, Kenneth Davis, W. B. Dwarf, Henry Crooked Arm Deaf Eagle Bear Cropped Ear Wolf, Aloysius Deloria, Ella Cara Eagle Bear, Jack Cropped Eared wolf Dempsey, Hugh Eagle Child Cross Child Denig, Edwin Thompson Eagle Child Cross, W. R. Densmore, Frances Eagle Claw Crow Deschamps Eagle from the Light Crow Act of 1920 Deshogen Eagle Ribs Crow Agency DeSmet, Father Pierre‐Jean East Glacier

31 Eaton (Okla) Flanders, D. P. Fort Keogh Eaton, E. L. Flathead Agency Fort Kipp District Ebell, Adrain Flathead Agency (Dixon) PopulationFort report LaJonquire Egan, Howard R. Flathead House Fort Laramie Egg Flathead Irrigation Project Fort Lewis Eisermann, Charles Fort Logan Elk Chief Flathead Water Usage Fort Maginis Elk Hollering in the Water Bear ChiefFlea, Joe Fort McKenzie Elk Tongue Fleming, Paula Fort McLeod Elmendorf, William W. Fletcher, Alice Fort Missoula Elmo Florida Club Fort Owen Ereaux, Al Flying Fort Peck Agency Evans, James Flying Shield Fort Piegan Everest, J. D. Flying, Rex Fort Raymond Ewers, John Canfield Fog in the Morning Fort Reno Facing, Hiram Folsom, Paris H. Fort Robinson Facon, Montana Fool Dance Warriors Fort Sarpy Fairchild, George Fools Dance Fort Shardon Falls Down, Ray Foot Fort Shaw Farnham, Thomas Foot Fort Shaw Indian School Fast Bear Fork Fort Slide Out Fast Buffalo Horse Forked Stick Fort Standoff Fast Horse Forsyth, N. A. Fort Union Fast Wing Fort Abraham Lincoln Fort Vermillion Feather Earrings Fort Whoopup Feather, Raymond Fort Belknap Fort, ? . E. Felix Chief of Nez Perce Fort Belknap Agency Fouch, John N. Fenton, William Fort Belknap Irrigation Four Blankets Fields, Reuben Fort Belknap Land Allotment Four Bulls Fierce Woman Fort Benton Four Horns Fights the Bear Fort Benton Four Iron Legs Filesteel, Tom Fort Browning Four Spiders Fire Sky Thunder Fort Buford Fourstar, Fire Where He Stays Fort C. F. Smith Fox Firebear Fort Campbell Fox, George Firebear, Edison Fort Cass Franklin, Benjamin First Charger Fort Clark Frantz, Donald G. First Shot, Lance Fort Cotton Frazer, MT First Smoke, Edward Fort Custer Freemont, Colonel First to Fly Fort Fremont, John Charles Firstshot, Simon Fort Ellis Frenchtown Fish Fort George Frog, Leonard Fisher, C. G. Fort Hall Agency Gall, Fisher, Frank Fort Hawley Gallagher, P. Fitzpatrick, James G. Fort Henry Gallagher, R. E.

32 Gallatin, Albert Grass Hard Looking Man Gallaway, A. H. Grave, John Hardin Gap Gravel, Michael Harmon, Daniel William Gardipee Graves, C. H. Harrington, J. P. Gardner, Alexander Gray Chief Harris Gardner, R. S. Gray Eyes Harwood, Daniel T. Garner, James Gray, O. C. Has the Eagle, Joe Garreau the Elder Gray, Oscar Has the Pipe Garreau, Pierre Graybull, Toni Hasand & Carden Garvin, Paul L. Great Falls, Montana Hawk Feather Chapter Garyowen, Montana Great Northern Railroad Hawk Tracks Gatschet, Albert S. Great Sioux War Hawkins, B. A. Geisdorf, F. ? Green Grass Hayden Expedition Geus de Chevaux Green Grass Bull Hayden, Dr. Ferdinand. V. Ghost Gregg, Josiah Hayfield Ghost Dance Greiser, Sally Thompson Haynes, F. J. Gilson, S. L. Grey Hawk Hays, Luke C. Giorda Grey Head Hazeltine, M. M. Girl Who Stays Home Grey Whirlwind He Has the Crow Glacier National Park Griffith, George W. He that Looks at the Calf Glacier Park Indians Grinnell, George Bird He Who Shoots Bears with Arrows Gladue Griswold, L. S. He Who Stole Woman Gleichen Groome, Hon. J. B. Healy, John Glendive Cantonment Gros Ventre Heart Butte, MT Glown Gros Ventre Boy Heavy Head Godkin Gross, William Heavy Runner Going to War Growing Four Times Hefling, G. J. Goldfrank, Esther Schiff Gun, Capt. Heft, Henry Goldsmith Bros. Gurnesey, B. H. Helgeson, Nellie Gone Haeberlin Heller, Louis Gone, Frank Fred Haggadorn, Francis T. Hemepin, Father Louis Gone, Fred Hague Party Henderson, J. B. Good Bird Voice Haines, Francis Hendry, Anthony Good Dog Hale, G. W. Henry, Alexander Good Elk Hale, Horatio E. Henry, Alexander the Younger Good Horn Hall, E. R. Henry, Andrew Good Road Girl Hallock, C. Heston, Wat Good That Hally, Dave Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton) Good Track Hamilton, S. H. Hiester, H. T. Good Wind Hammond, F. E. High Back Bone Goodhorse, William Hammond, Newton Hilger, Sister Marie Inez Good‐rider, Charlie Hand, Miles B. Hill 57, Montana Gopher Hangs in Walking Hilles Gophers Hannaford, J. M. Hinaksikwan Grant, Carl Hindmost Bull

33 Hines, Rev. John Iron Breast, Charles Kehoe, Thomas Hinuksekakpuikwan Iron Bull Kelley, Maj. J. M. His Good Horse Iron Bull Kellog His Good Pipe Iron Hoop Kelsey, Henry Hitz, R. B. Iron Horn Bull Kennedy, Michael Stephen Hoevel, E. Adamson Iron Leggings Kerner, Doctor Hoffman, W. A. Iron Mind Kerr Dam Hollow, Norman Iron Nail Ketcham, William H. Hollowbreast Iron Necklace Keyser, James D. Holterman, Jack Iron Ring Keystone Holy Beetle Iron Shell Kicking Woman, George Holy Family Iron Shirt Kidd, Kenneth Hook, W. E. Iron Voice Kilburn, B. W. Horn Iron Whip Kill Two Horn Ironman Kills Lightning Horse Boy Ishkshinetapikwan Kimball, James P. Horse Capture, George Isrape (?) Snow King, Sam Horse, Paul Itokishtchishtamikwan Kinkade Horseman, Ben Ixkawaipktashinkwan Kiowa Horton, S. M. Ixpuxshemikshkwan Kipp, James Hot Springs, MT Jablow, Joseph Kipp, Joseph Houseworth, Thomas Jackson, Donald Kirkaldie, Bob Hoyg, Stan Jackson, James O. Kirkland Huan, Alfred A. Jackson, W. H. Kiser, F. H. Hudson Bay Fur Company Janicewicz Kitch, James B. Huebschmann, Francis Jarvis, J. F. Kitsiponista Huffman, L. A. Jesuit Relations (1634) Knife Hultkrantz, Ake Jocko Valley, MT Knife River Hungry Wolf, Adolf Johnson, Ben Knight & Patton Hungry Wolf, Beverly Johnson, Thomas H. Knight, J. Lee Hunter, John G. Johnson, W. S. Kontaine Chief Hyde, James H. Jones, J. W. Kootenay Fort I.G. Baker & Co. Jones, Rosale May Kroeber Ice Jorgenson, Joseph G. Kroeber, Alfred L. Superintendency Josselin De Jong, Jan Petrus BenjaminKuhnhenn, de Dan Idaho Territory Judd & McLeish Kullyspell House Illingworth, W. H. Judith River Kutenai Immke, H. W. Juneau LaForge, Francis Inauguration, Carter Kaikokikinakskwan Lage Painted Lodge Indian Iron Kamsthedwan Lambert, Elizabeth Ingalls, G. W. Kaschube, G. Lame Bull Ingersol View Co. Kataimmikawan Lame Chicken Institute for the Development of IndianKeely, Law John D. Lame Deer, Montana International Photographic AssociationKehoe, Alice Lamebull, Andrew Iron Lance

34 Lancombe, G. W. Little Chief Looking Land Settlement Funds Little Chief, Daniel Looking Glass Landon, S. C. Little Dog Looking Over the Hill Lanning, C. M. Little Dog Looks as the Ground LaPierre Little Dog Looks Back, Barney Larocque Little Dog Looks Back, Ben Larocques Little Eagle Lougie, Joe Larouche Little Flower Love LaRouche, F. W. Little Gray Head Low Bear Larpentour, Charles Little Light, Richard Low Horn LaSalle Little Plume Lower Pend d'Orielle Last Star Little Lowie, G. T. Lawrence & Houseworth Little Shell Chippewa Lowie, Louella Cole Leden, Christian Little White Cow Lowie, Robert H. Left Hand Lyman, Stanley D. Left Handed Bear Little Wolf MacKenze, W. Legal, Emile J. Le Little Yellow Liver MacKenzie, Alexander Leggins, John Little Young Man Mackey, Reverend Elkanah Lemon, Bob Little, H. N. MacLean, John Rev. Leonard & Martin Livingston, Farrand Macleod Leonard, Zenas Lizard Shows Mad Plume, Albert Leonhardy, Frank Llewellyn, Karl Magpie, Jack Lewis, Marian Lodge Grass Makes Cold Weather Lewis, Merriweather Lodge Pole Male Bear Lewis, Oscar Lodge, Henry Mallery, Garrick Lewistown, MT Logan, Congressman John A. Malouf, Carling Libby, Orin Grant Lohmiller, Major C. B. Man that Bets His Medicine Lieurance, Thurlow Lone Bear Man that Waves his Hatchet Liggett, Walter Lone Dog Man Who Cannot Overtake the Buffalo Lightning Lone Fight, Edward Man Who Rises in the Morning Lightning Bear Long Bull Man Who Sits in the Middle Lightning Bull Long Ears, Ben Mandelbaum, David Liljeblad, Sven Long Expedition Mann, Henrietta Lime Long Fox Manville, C. B. Lincoln, Albert Long Hair Many Coups Lincoln, W. L. Long Head Many Guns, Tom Linderman, Frank Bird Long Horse Marble, R. Lindquist, G. E. E. Long Otter Marceau, Charles Line, A. A. Long Tree Lion Shows, Oliver Long, Maj. Stephen Harriman Marias River Little Badger Long, Sidney Mark, Alex Little Bear Longfox, Dave Marshall, J. T. Little Bear Chief Longhair Marshall, W. I. Little Bear, Edward Longknife, Abe Martin, Alexander Little Bull Longknife, John Martin, Dan

35 Martin, Denver Miaxpitchikwan Mountain Crow Martin's Art Gallery Michelson, Truman Mountain Tail Massaum Middle Sitter Mouse, The Massey, William C. Middle Spokane Indian ReservationMoving Medicine Matador Land & Cattle Co. Middleton, J., M. D. Moxtchinekshkwan Matoose Miles, General Mullan, John Matson, G. Albin Miles, Nelson, Appleton, 1939‐1925Munn, C. E. Matteson, Summer W. Military Records Munroe, Charles D. Maximillian, Alexander Philipe PrinceMilitary Zu Wied Records Muskrat Maynard, R. Milk River Musselshell River McAnany, Lt. W. D. Milk River Agency Muteineks McClintock, Walter Milk River Canal Muybridge, E. P. W. J. McConell, Anson Milk River, Montana N/A McCullough, H. D. Miller, A. Napasis McDowell, Malcolm Miller, Alfred J. Napi McFadden, Ralph Miller, Wick R. Naskapi McFee, Malcom Mioxkinakwan National Bison Range McInnex Mission Mountains National Museum of Canada collector McIntyre, A. C. Missoula, MT National Photograph Co. McKenzie, Alex Missouri Fur Co. McLeish, Judd Nearby Blanket Woman McNickle, D'Arcy Mitchell, O. S. Nebraska Territory Mead Mitchell, Sara Neil, Rev. E. D. Meager, Gov. Mitchell, Thomas J. Nettl, Bruno Mealy, Cliff Moccasin Newcomb, C. H. Measles & Whooping Cough Moccasin, August Newman Meddaugh, J. E. Moller, P. H. Nez Perce Medicine Bear Monroe Nez Perce, Joe Medicine Bow Cree Montagnais Nice Talker Medicine Calf Montana Superintendency Nicholas Medicine Cow Standing Montana Territory Nicholson, Jack Medicine Horse, Thomas Monteith, James H. Nicholson, W. L. (topographic) Medicine Horse, W. Montgomery Ward Co. Nieman Medicine Lodge Moody, C. J. Night Gun, George Medicine Robe Moon Nims, F. A. Medicine Voice Mooney, James Nine Pipes Meggers, William F., 1888‐1966 Moorehouse, G. W. Nitakoskitasipaxsikwan Mellen, George D. Moose Factory Niteitchkeikshkwan Mengarini Mormon Nitoyekwan Mennonites Morrow, S. J. No Bear Mepham, M. S. Morton, R. H. No Eyes Merril, O. D. Mossman, E. D. No Hand Merritt, Mrs. Wesley Mountain Nooksack Métis Mountain Chief Northern Arapaho

36 Northern Cheyenne Pahres & Croft Potts Northern Cheyenne Agency Paint Face Blue Potts, Jerry Northwest Co. Painted Lodge Potts, John Northwest Fur Co. Paliandine, L. B. Powder River Nosey Palmer, A. A. Powderface, Philip Not Afraid Palmer, Joel Powell, John Wesley Noveau, Art Panamint Powell, Peter O'Bryan, Tom Panther Bone, Charlie Powers, D. R. Ogden, Peter Skene Panther Woman Powers, Richard O'Hare, Daniel Parflesh Rib Prando, Petrus Paulus Ohlerking, Charles Parker Prando, Revered Peter Paul Ohlerking, Frank Parker Canyon Pretty Shield Old Agency Parker, Burton G. Pretty Woman Old Bear Parker, Eli Prophet Old Brockie Parkman, Francis Pruginier, John Old Bull Pawlowski, Helen Pryor, Montana First to Fly Pease, Lieutenant W. A. Pryor, Nathaniel Old Chief, John Pembina Put on the Foot Old Coyote Pend d'Orielle Quipelle Indian School Old Coyote, Barney Pennington, David Radin, Paul Old Elk, George Perma, MT Rain in the Face Old Gauche Perry, Albert Rainy Chief Old Kootenay Perry, Tom Raised, Leo F. Old Lodge Petter, Rudolphe Raitt, T. G. Old North Trail Peyote Ramsour & Dennel Old Person Phinney, Archie Randell, A. Frank Old Son Pierron, George Rav, William H. Old Turtle Pilling, James C. Ravalli Old White Calf Pipe Woman Real Bird, Mark On the Ground Plain Feather, Mrs. Red One Triggers Plenty Bears Red All Over One Who Feels Plenty Coups Red Boy Only Chief Plenty to Eat Ordway Plow Red Crow Osgood, W. Plumage, Paul Red Crow, Frank O'Sullivan, T. Wheeler Pollock, Charles Red Dog Oswego, Montana Polson, Montana Red Dog Otter Woman Poor Red Dog Owen, Major John Poor Elk Red Dye Owl Child Poor Goose Red Eagle Owl Head Poor Shoulder Blade Red Eagle Owns Different Horses Poplar, Montana Red Eagle Pablo, George Porcupine Sack Red Elk Pablo, MT Porter, Maj. Nathan S. Red Elk Pack the Eagle Post, Father John Red Head

37 Red Hoof Running Rabbit Sham Battle Red Lance Rushing Eagle Shambo, Edward Red Lodge Russell, A. J. Shape'tapikwan Red River Colony Russell, Norma Jean Sharp Eyes Red Stone Rutten Sharp, L. D. Red Thunder Ruxton, George F. Sharp, Theodore Reddoor Ryder, Burton A. She That Did Not Kill Reed & McKenny Sacred Arrows Shepard, Henry & Co. Reed, A. S. Sacred Hat Sherburne, Frank Reed, Henry Sacred White Buffalo Sheridan, General Philip H. Reed, Ronald Sage, Rufus B. Sherman, General William T. Reeves, Bryan "Barney" O. K. Saleesh House Sherman, William T. Reichard, Gladys Salish Shield, George Reichard, N. Salzmann Shikakpyuekwan Reid Sanborn, John B. Shikatsipomankwan Reilly, J. J. & Co. Sand Crane, John Shimkin, Demitri B. Reser, A. H. Sanderville, Richards Shipler, J. W. Returning Hunter Sangray Short Hair Rhodes, G. Sapir, Edward Shortman Rhodes, Willard Savage & Ottinger Shortman, John Richards, J. R. Say, Thomas Shorty, Mike Richardson, Madge D. Scabby Bull Shoshone Rides at the Door Scabby Robes Shot‐Both‐Sides Ridesatdoor, Mrs. Scared Out Shows His Day Riel, Louis Scattering Elk Siebert, , Frank Albert Schaeffer, Claude Sikuetsimmekwan River Crow Schefferville Simmons, Andrew J. Robe, Capt. Charles B. Scherer, Frank R. Singer, Walter Roby, Dr. William W. Schoolcraft, Henry Rowe Singing Bird Rock, George Schrader, H. F. Sioux Rockroads, James Schultz, James Willard Sits Down Spotted Rocky Mountain Fur Co. Scobey, Cra Sitting Bull Rodocker & Blanchard Scott, General Hugh Lenox Sitting Calf Roeser, C. Jr. Scout Sitting on an Eagle Tale Ronan, MT Scrapping White Sitting Squaw Ronan, Peter Seaver, C. J. R. Skin the Heart Root Sebastian, Charles Skinner Rose, Edward Sedwick, S. J. Skinner, Arthur Rothrock, G. H. See Goes Skins the Wolf Round Nose Seen from Afar Skunk Roundhead, Baptist Sees with his Ears Sloat Rudy, W. Senate Report No. 805 Small Running Assiniboine Seven Bears Small Running Bear Shadow Small Boy, Harvey Running Crane Shaggy Bear Chief Smallpox

38 Smallpox Sprole, Montana Sublette, Andrew Smith, O. C. St. Germaine Sully, General Alfred Smithsonian St. Ignatius Sun Dance Snell, Dick St. Ignatius, Montana Sun Dance Snell, Emma St. Labre, Montana Sun River Snell, George St. Marks Swadesh, Morris Snider, Samuel E. St. Mary, Montana Swan Snigger St. Mary's River Sweet Grass Hills Snively, David S. St. Paul, Montana Sweet Grass Hills Archaeology Snow Shoe St. Peter, Montana Sweet Grass River Snow, James St. Peters Agent Sweet Grass, Montana Snow, William P. St. Pierre, Legardeus de Sweet Medicine Soherer, Joanna Cohen St. Xavier, Montana Sweetmedicine, Mrs. Dave Sohon, Gustavus Stand Off Symon, A. H. Son Star Standing Bear Taber, I. W. Sorrel Horse, Marjorie Standing Cow Tail Feathers Coming Over the Hill Sorrel Horse, Robert Standing Elk Takes a Shield Sorrel Horses Standing Elk Takes Himself Soule, John P. Stand‐Off Takes the Bow Spanish, Joe Stands Behind Talks Different Spanish, Misses Nora Stands Him Off Tall Lodge Speaks Thunder Stands in Timber, John Talley, Clinton O. Speakthunder, Louis Stanley, John Mix Tallows, Cecil Speck Stanton, Mrs. John Tappen, Samuel F. Speck, Frank G. Starling, Harvey W. Tate, Henry W. Spier, Leslie Starr School Taylor, Allan Spikayikwan Steel, George Taylor, W. Spinden, Herbert Steele, Dorrance Tebo, Mr. Spindler, George Stevens Expedition Terry, Alfred H. Spirit Boy Stevens, Ben The Boy, Theresa Spokane, WA Stevens, Governor Issac I. They Did Not Rush Sponge Stevens, Issac I. They Meet Spotted Bird Steward, Julian Thick Spotted Bull Stiffarm Thigh Spotted Dog Stiffarm, Al Thirsting/Medicine Lodge Dance Spotted Eagle Stoddard, S. R. Thomas, David H, Spotted Eagle Stone Child Thompson, David Spotted Eagle, Amos Stone Legs Thorne, G. W. Spotted Elk Stone, E. H. Three Bulls Spotted Hat, Mary Theresa Stony Indians Three Bulls Spotted Horse Streptococcal Epidemic Three Calf Spotted Horse, Ben Strike the Breast Three Forks Post Spotted Tail Striker, Bernard Three Guns Spring of Water Strong, Charles Three Sons "Big Nose" Sprole, Cpt. Henry W. Stumps Throat of Bull

39 Thrown Off Union Pacific Railroad Weasel Head Thunder Bird Union View Co. Weasel Tail Thunder Hawk Medical MuseumWeasel, Willard Thunder, Walter O. Universal Photo Art. Co. Webster & Albee Thurlow, J. Upper Missouri Agency Weed Party Tilton, Willis G. Upper Pend d'Orielle Weed, Walter H. Tims, Reverend J. W. Upson, Gad E. Weist, Tom Tobacco Planting Ceremony Upton, B. F. Weitfle, Charles Todd Uses for Shooting Wellington, Bird Toe Vaillancourt Went, Julius M. Tongue River Cantonment Van Gulik, R. H. West, Henry R. Top Sky Van Orsdel, Reverend William W. Weston, David P. Town, F. L. Vaughan, Alfred D. Wets It, Gary Towne, B. L. Vaughn, Alfred J. Wetsit Track Vaux, Hon. George Jr. Wheeler, Frank Track, Mrs. Charley Velten, Harry V. Wheeler, Marshall William F. Trager, George Vess, Senator George While Hear Black Wolf Treat No. 7 Victor Whiskers Trobriand, General Philip de Vielle, James Whiskey Trudeau, Jean Baptiste Voegelin White and Yellow Cow Turcotte, John Voget, Fred W. White Arm Turn Toes Vogt, G. W. T. White Bear Turning Ring Vuntakutchin White Bear Turnip Walker, C. L. White Bear, Russell Turns Crooked Walker, John White Bird Turtle Mountain Reservation Walking Chief White Buffalo Twin Walking Crow White Buffalo on Side Hill Twining, Captain W. J. Walking Eagle White Buffalo, Mrs. Two Walking in Water White Bull Two Belly Walking Medicine White Bull, Joe Two Bones Walking Off White Bull, Joe Two Guns White Calf Walking Thunder White Calf Two Hawks Walking Track White Calf, James Two Kill, Paul Walking Zigzag White Cow Two Leggings Walks Nice, Adolf White Crane Two Medicine Walks, Mary White Elk Two Medicine Walkslow, Joe White Feathers Two Moons Wallace, Paul A. W. White Grass Two Moons, John Walters, Jim White Hand Two Smells Wanamaker, Rodman White Hawk Ugly Bird War Club White Horse Uhlenbeck, Christian Cornelius Warrior, Rufus White Horse, Andrew Ulm Pishkun, MT Washington Territory White Owl Woman Underneath the Bull Watkins, C. E. White Quiver Underwood, T. Weasel Fox

40 White Rabbit Wolf Yellow Eyes White Rabbit Wolf Chief Yellow Horse White Shield Wolf Chief Yellow Howler White Sitting Cow Wolf Mountains Yellow Kidney White Swan Wolf Name Yellow Liver White Swan, Mrs. Julie Wolf Necklace Yellow Owl White Thunder Wolf Plume Yellow Robe White Weasel Wolf Point, Montana Yellowmedicine River, Minn. Whiteman Runs Him Wolf Robe Yellowstone National Park Whiteman, Dennis T. Wolfart, H. Christoph Yellowstone River Whitesides Wolverton, M. D. Yellowtail Whitford, Thomas Woman Moccasin YMCA Whitney & Zimmerman Woman of the Pine Young & Chase Whitney, J. E. & Gallery Woman's Hip Young Crow Wilcox, A. D. Wood, John Young Man Wild Horse Island, MT Woodburn, J. R. Young White Calf Wildschout, William Wooden Legs Young, John Wilkes Expedition Woodenlegs, John Young, Russell Williamson, Hilda World's Fair 1904 Youpe Williamson, J. D. Worth, Illing Zimmerman, Charles A. Williamson, Mrs. May Wounded Foot Williscraft, W. H. Wraps his Tail Wilson, Gilbert Wright, George LaRocque, Francois Wilson, Jack Wright, Inott Larpenteur, Charles Wind Chief Wrinkled Face Culbertson, Ferdinand Wind Horn Wyola, Montana Kurz, Rudolph Friedrich Wind River Shoshone Yanktonai Deer Little Woman Windy Boy Yazi Meldrum, Robert Wing, Peter Yea‐ta‐cay‐haugo Dawson, Andrew Wissler, Clark Yellow Ball Galpin, Charles E. Wittick, Ben Yellow Bay Witty, Thomas A. Yellow Dog

41 Appendix 2: Record Group 75 Entry 91 Letters Received Index

1