Lord of the Nether\Ųorld
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Burn Your Way to Success Studies in the Mesopotamian Ritual And
Burn your way to success Studies in the Mesopotamian Ritual and Incantation Series Šurpu by Francis James Michael Simons A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Classics, Ancient History and Archaeology School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham March 2017 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract The ritual and incantation series Šurpu ‘Burning’ is one of the most important sources for understanding religious and magical practice in the ancient Near East. The purpose of the ritual was to rid a sufferer of a divine curse which had been inflicted due to personal misconduct. The series is composed chiefly of the text of the incantations recited during the ceremony. These are supplemented by brief ritual instructions as well as a ritual tablet which details the ceremony in full. This thesis offers a comprehensive and radical reconstruction of the entire text, demonstrating the existence of a large, and previously unsuspected, lacuna in the published version. In addition, a single tablet, tablet IX, from the ten which comprise the series is fully edited, with partitur transliteration, eclectic and normalised text, translation, and a detailed line by line commentary. -
Death Attitudes and Perceptions of Death and Afterlife in Ancient Near Eastern Literature Leah Whitehead Craig Western Kentucky University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by TopSCHOLAR Western Kentucky University TopSCHOLAR® Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Honors College at WKU Projects Spring 2008 A Journey Into the Land of No Return: Death Attitudes and Perceptions of Death and Afterlife in Ancient Near Eastern Literature Leah Whitehead Craig Western Kentucky University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_hon_theses Part of the Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, History of Religions of Eastern Origins Commons, Other Religion Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Craig, Leah Whitehead, "A Journey Into the Land of No Return: Death Attitudes and Perceptions of Death and Afterlife in Ancient Near Eastern Literature" (2008). Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects. Paper 106. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_hon_theses/106 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College Capstone Experience/ Thesis Projects by an authorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Journey Into the Land of No Return: Death Attitudes and Perceptions of Death and Afterlife in Ancient Near Eastern Literature Leah Whitehead Craig Senior Honors Thesis Submitted to the Honors College of Western Kentucky University Spring, 2008 Approved by: _________________________________ _________________________________ -
Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology
The Ruins of Paradise: Studies in Early Mediterranean Poetics and Cosmology by Matthew M. Newman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Studies) in the University of Michigan 2015 Doctoral Committee: Professor Richard Janko, Chair Professor Sara L. Ahbel-Rappe Professor Gary M. Beckman Associate Professor Benjamin W. Fortson Professor Ruth S. Scodel Bind us in time, O Seasons clear, and awe. O minstrel galleons of Carib fire, Bequeath us to no earthly shore until Is answered in the vortex of our grave The seal’s wide spindrift gaze toward paradise. (from Hart Crane’s Voyages, II) For Mom and Dad ii Acknowledgments I fear that what follows this preface will appear quite like one of the disorderly monsters it investigates. But should you find anything in this work compelling on account of its being lucid, know that I am not responsible. Not long ago, you see, I was brought up on charges of obscurantisme, although the only “terroristic” aspects of it were self- directed—“Vous avez mal compris; vous êtes idiot.”1 But I’ve been rehabilitated, or perhaps, like Aphrodite in Iliad 5 (if you buy my reading), habilitated for the first time, to the joys of clearer prose. My committee is responsible for this, especially my chair Richard Janko and he who first intervened, Benjamin Fortson. I thank them. If something in here should appear refined, again this is likely owing to the good taste of my committee. And if something should appear peculiarly sensitive, empathic even, then it was the humanity of my committee that enabled, or at least amplified, this, too. -
Babylonian Sagittarius
It is now well known that the constellations of the Zodiac originated in the ancient land of Babylonia (modern day Iraq). Yet, despite more than a century and a half of scholarship, very little information on this subject has been made accessible to the non- specialist. We are very grateful to Gavin White for allowing us to reproduce excerpts of his recently published Babylonian Star-lore . Over the forthcoming months these articles will help to address this deficiency by presenting the lore and symbolism of the twelve Babylonian Zodiac constellations. The excerpts reproduced on this site are taken, with the author's permission, from the recently published book ' Babylonian Star-lore ' by Gavin White. THE WINTER SOLSTICE PERIOD The sacred cycle of the stars comes to a close with the appearance of the wintertime constellations. These stars depict the final stages of the stellar calendar when the sun once more descends to its lowest point in the skies drawing ever closer to the longest night. This is the time when the disembodied souls of mankind are spirited away from the environs of the earth and are driven up into the circumpolar regions of heaven to join their ancestors. The constellations in this part of the sky demonstrate that the ‘underworld’ is not actually located below the earth as common sense might dictate but is actually found among the stars. The evidence further indicates that the Milky Way itself was either directly envisioned as the pathway of the dead or that each of its myriad stars was thought to represent an individual soul on its journey to the afterlife. -
Marten Stol WOMEN in the ANCIENT NEAR EAST
Marten Stol WOMEN IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST Marten Stol Women in the Ancient Near East Marten Stol Women in the Ancient Near East Translated by Helen and Mervyn Richardson ISBN 978-1-61451-323-0 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-1-61451-263-9 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-1-5015-0021-3 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs 3.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/3.0/ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. Original edition: Vrouwen van Babylon. Prinsessen, priesteressen, prostituees in de bakermat van de cultuur. Uitgeverij Kok, Utrecht (2012). Translated by Helen and Mervyn Richardson © 2016 Walter de Gruyter Inc., Boston/Berlin Cover Image: Marten Stol Typesetting: Dörlemann Satz GmbH & Co. KG, Lemförde Printing and binding: cpi books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Table of Contents Introduction 1 Map 5 1 Her outward appearance 7 1.1 Phases of life 7 1.2 The girl 10 1.3 The virgin 13 1.4 Women’s clothing 17 1.5 Cosmetics and beauty 47 1.6 The language of women 56 1.7 Women’s names 58 2 Marriage 60 2.1 Preparations 62 2.2 Age for marrying 66 2.3 Regulations 67 2.4 The betrothal 72 2.5 The wedding 93 2.6 -
Women in the Ancient Near East: a Sourcebook
WOMEN IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST Women in the Ancient Near East provides a collection of primary sources that further our understanding of women from Mesopotamian and Near Eastern civiliza- tions, from the earliest historical and literary texts in the third millennium BC to the end of Mesopotamian political autonomy in the sixth century BC. This book is a valuable resource for historians of the Near East and for those studying women in the ancient world. It moves beyond simply identifying women in the Near East to attempting to place them in historical and literary context, follow- ing the latest research. A number of literary genres are represented, including myths and epics, proverbs, medical texts, law collections, letters and treaties, as well as building, dedicatory, and funerary inscriptions. Mark W. Chavalas is Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, where he has taught since 1989. Among his publications are the edited Emar: The History, Religion, and Culture of a Syrian Town in the Late Bronze Age (1996), Mesopotamia and the Bible (2002), and The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation (2006), and he has had research fellowships at Yale, Harvard, Cornell, Cal-Berkeley, and a number of other universities. He has nine seasons of exca- vation at various Bronze Age sites in Syria, including Tell Ashara/Terqa and Tell Mozan/Urkesh. ROUTLEDGE SOURCEBOOKS FOR THE ANCIENT WORLD HISTORIANS OF ANCIENT ROME, THIRD EDITION Ronald Mellor TRIALS FROM CLASSICAL ATHENS, SECOND EDITION Christopher Carey ANCIENT GREECE, THIRD EDITION Matthew Dillon and Lynda Garland READINGS IN LATE ANTIQUITY, SECOND EDITION Michael Maas GREEK AND ROMAN EDUCATION Mark Joyal, J.C. -
Inanna: a Modern Interpretation
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Honors College Spring 2019 Inanna: A Modern Interpretation Erin Butts University of Maine Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Communication Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Butts, Erin, "Inanna: A Modern Interpretation" (2019). Honors College. 485. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors/485 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INANNA: A MODERN INTERPRETATION By Erin Butts A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Degree with Honors (Communications, Theatre) The Honors College The University of Maine May 2019 Advisory Committee: Elizabeth Neiman, Associate Professor of English and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, Co-Advisor Mary Jean Sedlock, Lecturer in Theatre, Production Manager, and Technical Director, Co-Advisor Daniel Bilodeau, Chair of Theatre and Dance Julie Lisnet, Instructor of Theatre Jennie Woodard, Preceptor in the Honors College © 2019 Erin H. Butts All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Sumer has a culture lost to history. Currently, the University of Maine offers no courses about ancient Mesopotamia, one of the first civilizations. Over the years, historians have been translating the cuneiform tablets containing their religion and history. There has been one adaptation of those translations, by Diane Wolkstein in 1983 to bring the stories to a wider audience through a collection of stories around the goddess Inanna. -
What Is Hades, Hell and Heaven? Many People Are Confused About
What is hades, hell and heaven? Many people are confused about the difference between "hades" and "hell." Some Bible translations make no distinction in the two words. What about "heaven?" What do you know about the place where the righteous will dwell? Let's take a serious look in the Bible to see if we can find the distinctions and answers to these places of reality. I. IS THERE A DISTINCTION MADE BETWEEN "HADES" AND "HELL"? A. Even though some Bible translations make no distinctions, the original writers of the Greek New Testament made distinctions between them using two different Greek words. B. The two words: "Hades" and "Geenna" or "Gehenna". II. WHAT ARE THE TWO WORDS FOR HADES AND HELL? A. Hades. (26) "Therefore My heart was glad and My tongue exulted; moreover My flesh also will live in hope; (27) because You will not abandon My soul to Hades, nor allow Your Holy One to undergo decay.” Acts 2:26-27 1. Peter is preaching to the Jews on the day of Pentecost, and quotes from the Psalms to show David was speaking about Jesus. 2. At the death of Jesus, what happened to His soul (v.27)? 3. What happened to His body (v.27)? "He looked ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that He was neither abandoned to Hades, nor did His flesh suffer decay." Acts 2:31 4. His soul was not abandoned to Hades and His flesh (body) did not remain long enough to decay. 5. Hades is a temporary holding place of the unrighteous souls. -
<I>Descent Into Hell</I>
Volume 20 Number 2 Article 2 Spring 3-15-1994 The Mythical Method of Descent Into Hell Evans Lansing Smith Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore Part of the Children's and Young Adult Literature Commons Recommended Citation Smith, Evans Lansing (1994) "The Mythical Method of Descent Into Hell," Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature: Vol. 20 : No. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://dc.swosu.edu/mythlore/vol20/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Mythopoeic Society at SWOSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature by an authorized editor of SWOSU Digital Commons. An ADA compliant document is available upon request. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To join the Mythopoeic Society go to: http://www.mythsoc.org/join.htm Mythcon 51: A VIRTUAL “HALFLING” MYTHCON July 31 - August 1, 2021 (Saturday and Sunday) http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-51.htm Mythcon 52: The Mythic, the Fantastic, and the Alien Albuquerque, New Mexico; July 29 - August 1, 2022 http://www.mythsoc.org/mythcon/mythcon-52.htm Abstract Considers Williams’s Descent Into Hell as an excellent “example of the use of the mythical method [as defined by T.S. Eliot] as a metaphor of poesis, by which the fundamental forms of the imagination are catalyzed.” Geometrical symbolism and the underworld journey link it to many modernist works. -
Desire, Discord, and Death : Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Myth / by Neal Walls
DESIRE, DISCORD AND DEATH APPROACHES TO ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN MYTH ASOR Books Volume 8 Victor Matthews, editor Billie Jean Collins ASOR Director of Publications DESIRE, DISCORD AND DEATH APPROACHES TO ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN MYTH by Neal Walls American Schools of Oriental Research • Boston, MA DESIRE, DISCORD AND DEATH APPROACHES TO ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN MYTH Copyright © 2001 American Schools of Oriental Research Cover art: Cylinder seal from Susa inscribed with the name of worshiper of Nergal. Photo courtesy of the Louvre Museum. Cover design by Monica McLeod. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Walls, Neal H., 1962- Desire, discord, and death : approaches to ancient Near Eastern myth / by Neal Walls. p. cm. -- (ASOR books ; v. 8) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0-89757-056-1 -- ISBN 0-89757-055-3 (pbk.) 1. Mythology--Middle East. 2. Middle East--Literatures--History and crticism. 3. Death in literature. 4. Desire in literature. I. Title. II. Series. BL1060 .W34 2001 291.1'3'09394--dc21 2001003236 Contents ABBREVIATIONS vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS viii INTRODUCTION Hidden Riches in Secret Places 1 METHODS AND APPROACHES 3 CHAPTER ONE The Allure of Gilgamesh: The Construction of Desire in the Gilgamesh Epic INTRODUCTION 9 The Construction of Desire: Queering Gilgamesh 11 THE EROTIC GILGAMESH 17 The Prostitute and the Primal Man: Inciting Desire 18 The Gaze of Ishtar: Denying Desire 34 Heroic Love: Requiting Desire 50 The Death of Desire 68 CONCLUSION 76 CHAPTER TWO On the Couch with Horus and Seth: A Freudian -
What Hell Is, the Lake of Fire
WHAT HELL IS, THE LAKE OF FIRE Nowhere in Scripture is hell described as a torture chamber where people are forced against their will to undergo agonizing pain. Mahew 13:49,50 Hell is described as a place of torment. Torment is self-inflicted by one’s own will. Torment is the anguish that results from being evil as a result of selfish choices and being quaranned from all that is lovely and good. Gnashing of teeth is not about repentance. Weeping and gnashing of teeth is living out self indignaon toward good and God. Hell does not contain people sorry for their injusces, but people angry for not being able to have their way and angry at being separated from the common grace of God which gave them freedom to choose their own path. Those who are cast into hell would not be happy in heaven because they were never born again of the Spirit so have never lost the aptude for sin and evil. Their happiness is in sin and yet sin has them bound in isolaon. Satan is not tormenng the lost souls. Satan is being tormented. The torment of hell is solely self-induced. And not every lost soul is tormented to the same degree. Self-induced torment is inflicted to the degree that anger has enveloped their being. Doing good to your enemy is somemes described as heaping coals of fire upon their head. Hell is depicted as a place of eternal fire. The fire is real, but not necessarily physical. People in hell will have imperishable physical bodies, so normal fire will not affect them. -
Heaven and Hell These Guides Integrate Bible Study, Prayer, and Worship to Help Us Treat the Transcendent Realities of Heaven and Hell Carefully and Seriously
Study Guides for Heaven and Hell These guides integrate Bible study, prayer, and worship to help us treat the transcendent realities of heaven and hell carefully and seriously. The guides can be used in a series or individually. Christian Reflection You may reproduce them for personal or group use. A Series in Faith and Ethics Living Under Vacant Skies 2 As our culture loses the thought of heaven “over us,” how does that shape the way we live? A world left without a vision of the transcendent is a world of struggles without victory and of sacrifice without purpose. To understand this is also to understand in a new way the task of the church. The Virtue of Hope 4 If we are to pursue our moral life seriously, we need a transcendent hope that is not based on human capacity for self-improvement. We have grounds in our faith for such a hope, both at the individual level and at the level of society. Heaven is Our Home 6 Is our true home in heaven, and we are merely sojourners on earth? Or are we genuinely citizens of the earth? Where is our true home? The biblical message is that heaven is our true home, but heaven begins here on earth as the Holy Spirit transforms us into a community that manifests love. Unquenchable Fire 8 We have many questions about hell. We can begin to answer these questions by studying the biblical passages about Sheol, Hades, and Gehenna. The Gates of Hell Shall Not Preva il 10 The universe and our lives ultimately are bounded by God’s unfathomable love and righteousness.