DOCSLIB.ORG

Vinyl Chloride Production Senior Design Presentation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Vinyl Chloride Production Senior Design Presentation Vinyl Chloride Production Senior Design Presentation Group 10 Jeremy Dry Israel Osisanya Bryce Lawson Deepa Patel Phuong Le Anecia Shelton Project Purpose To design an environmentally safe vinyl chloride production plant. Questions: What is Vinyl Chloride? How its being produced? How much does it cost to be environmentally friendly? Vinyl Chloride 99% of VCM is used to manufacture polyvinyl chloride (PVC). PVC consumption is second to low density polyethylene. VCM production results in a number of unwanted by-products. VCM Plant Emissions in the United States 0.0008 0.0007 0.0006 0.0005 0.0004 0.0003 lb/lb VCM product 0.0002 0.0001 0 123456789 1 Formosa-LA 4 Georgia Gulf-LA 7 Borden-LA 2 Oxyvinyls-D-TX 5 Westlake Monomers-KY 8 Dow-LA 3 Oxyvinyls-L-TX 6 Formosa-TX 9 Dow-TX Manufacturing Methods Vinyl Chloride from Acetylene Vinyl Chloride from Ethane Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene (Direct Route) Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene (EDC) Balanced Process for Vinyl Chloride Production Direct chlorination CH2CH2 + Cl2 → ClCH2CH2Cl (EDC) Oxychlorination CH2CH2 + 2 HCl + ½ O2 → EDC+ H2O EDC pyrolysis 2 EDC → 2 CH2CHCl (VCM) + 2 HCl Overall reaction 2 CH2CH2 + Cl2 + ½ O2 → 2 CH2CHCl + H2O •No generation of HCl •95% of the world’s VCM is produced utilizing the balanced process Balanced Process for Vinyl Chloride Production HCl recycle Air or O2 Light ends Oxy- chlorination VCM Ethylene EDC EDC purification purification pyrolysis VCM EDC recycle Direct Cl chlorination 2 Heavy ends Direct Chlorination and Oxychlorination P&ID CAUSTIC SCRUBBERS OXYDC REACTOR REACTOR Vinyl Chloride Plant Reactor Design •Theoretical reactor design equations •Literature kinetic data used to calculated rate constants •Numerical Integration used to calculated specified parameters Reactor Design dF πd 2 k = w t dz k 4 Fk = molar flow rate z = tube length dt = tube diameter wk = νiri ri = kf[Ck]-kr[Ck] Oxychlorination Chemistry Reaction Stoichiometry Set DCE R-1 C H + 2CuCl → C H Cl + 2CuCl formation 2 4 2 2 4 2 TCE R-2 C H + 3CuCl → C H Cl + 3CuCl +0.5H formation 2 4 2 2 4 3 2 C H R-3 2 4 C H + 3O → 2CO + 2H O combustion 2 4 2 2 2 CuCl R-4 2CuCl + 0.5O → CuO-CuCl → CuO + CuCl oxidation 2 2 2 CuCl R-5 2 CuO + 2HCl → CuCl + H O regeneration 2 2 •Plus nine other main by product formation reactions •Excel Reactor Model of Oxychlorination Oxychlorination Reactor Results Oxy Reactor Effluent Flow Rates (lb-mol/hr) EDC 1341 Chloral 0.25 Water 1341 CCl4 1.25 TEC 1.26 Methyl Chloride 0.12 CO2 140 Chloroform 0.11 Ethylene 5.5 Chloroethane 0.11 Oxygen 2.76 Chloroprene 0.10 HCl 0.015 Vinyl Acetylene 0.09 Acetylene 0.13 Dichloromethane 0.10 Oxychlorination Reactor Parameters Reactor Temperature (oC) 305 Reactor Pressure (psig) 58 Reactor Volume (ft3) 461 Tube Diameter (in) 2 Tube Length (ft) 1320 Residence Time (hr) 0.05 DC Reactor Modeling Results DC Reactor Kinetic Results DC Reactor Parameters Reactor Temperature (oC) 120 Literature Modeling Reactor Pressure (psig) 15 Results Values Reactor Volume (ft3) 90 Conversion 99.93% 99.94% of ethylene Tube Diameter (in) 2 Selectivity Tube Length (ft) 115 99.8% 99.4% to EDC Residence Time (hr) 0.018 EDC Purification P&ID WATERLIGHTSHEAVIES WASH COLUMN COLUMN EDC Pyrolysis P&ID CRACKING FURNACE FURNACE FEED FLASH EFFLUENT QUENCH SECTION EDC Pyrolysis Reactor Modeling Results •Conversion of EDC per pass is maintained at 50-55% •Increasing cracking severity beyond this level results in insignificant increase in conversion and a decrease in selectivity to VCM. •Conversion can be increased by the addition of CCl4 •Modeling results produced conversion equal to 60% •Major by products of EDC pyrolysis: Acetylene, benzene, 1-3 butadiene, vinyl acetylene, chloroprene. VCM Purification P&ID HClVCM COLUMN COLUMN FEED FLASH Pro II Simulation PFD S5 S4 OP1 F1 S34 1 M1 S36 1 S41 2 3 2 1 3 1 4 4 S59 S62 2 5 5 6 3 4 2 S60 6 7 5 8 S52 6 7 3 S1 7 9 8 S25 4 S29 10 9 S53 10 S33 8 11 11 5 S11 S6 12 12 SC1 S54 S55 9 13 13 6 S39 14 S12 14 S51 15 10 16 7 15 S49 E4 F7 17 S28 16 18 8 11 R1 S45 S56 17 S43 F6 19 20 9 18 12 E3 21 S27 S30 19 22 10 20 23 13 24 11 F3 21 25 M5 S3 22 26 S31 14 S48 27 12 M6 23 28 15 24 29 13 S42 M8 30 25 F5 31 S58 14 16 26 32 S26 S38 33 15 27 34 28 E2 35 T1 17 F4 16 29 S63 36 S50 37 S22 S35 38 17 39 T2 30 S64 40 18 S24 41 S40 19 M7 S2 E1 T3 42 S44 F2 T4 20 SC2 S23 SP3 S61 S57 Liquid Liquid Heat Integration Pinch Design Method Optimization method that reduces energy cost Utilizes process to process heat transfer Optimal pinch temperature→ 316oF Heat Integration Grand Composite Curve 1000 900 QHmin 800 700 600 500 Temperature (F) 400 Pocket of Heat Recovery 300 200 100 QCmin 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Duty (MMBtu/hr) Heat Integration Results Hot Utility 401→ 308 MM Btu/hr Cold Utility 251→ 158 MM Btu/hr Energy Reduction Results in a savings of $2.4 Million/year! Waste Stream Treatment Location of Waste Streams EDC Purification/Pyrolysis Oxychlorination Reaction Section Direct Chloriantion Caustic Scrubber Contents of Waste Liquid Waste Vapor Waste Ethylene Ethylene EDC EDC Carbon Tetrachloride C2HCl3 CHCl VCM 3 Dichloromethane C2HCl3 C2H2 VCM C2HCl3O Vinyl Acetylene Chloroethane Types of Waste Treatment Condenser Catalytic Incinerator Absorber/Scrubber Thermal Incinerator Flare Waste Treatment Selected Multiple Treatment Process Selected Consists of thermal incineration, absorption column, and caustic scrubbing unit Treatment PFD CO2, NOx Water NaOH Cl , H O, HCl Vapor 2 2 g n n CO , NO o 2 x c i i Waste i t t b p s b r u u o a r Incinerator s CO2, NOx c C b S A Liquid Cl2 Waste Water + HCl Water + NaCl + NaOCl Products of Waste Treatment Water and HCl (solution) Water, NaCl, and Sodium Hypochlorite (solution) Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxides Incineration Unit Design Auxiliary Fuel Flowrate Needed (Qf) Qf = Qw (X/Y) where, X = 1.1Cpo(Tc –Tr) – Cpi(Ti –Tr) – hw Y = hf –1.1Cpo(Tc-Tr) Qf = 331 lb/hr Absorption Column Design Amount of Solvent (Water) L = G*(Yi –Yo)/(Xo –Xi) L = 154,000 lbs/hr Column Diameter (Dt) 4VM v DT = fU f π (1− Ad / A)ρv Dt = 5.7 ft Absorption Column Design Cont’d Number of Theoretical Stages (NOG) ln{[(A −1) / A][(Y − KX ) /(Y − KX )]+ (1/ A)} N = i i O i OG (A −1) / A NOG = 20 Overall Height of a Transfer Unit (HOG) HOG = G/KyaS HOG = .75 Absorption Column Design Cont’d Packing Height Hpack = NOG*(HOG) Hpack = 15 ft Caustic Scrubbing Design Design L = 45,000 lbs/hr DT = 4.5 ft NOG = 12 HOG = .83 Hpack = 10 ft Waste Water Treatment Waste Water Streams DC Caustic Scrubber Water Wash Drum (L/hr) (L/hr) Water 280 41,000 NaCl 48 0 HCl - 200 Chloral - 26 EDC - 680 CCl4 - 180 TCE - 170 Limits and Treatment Options EPA Limit (mg/L) Treatment Options HCl 5 –GAC Chloral 1 –Incinerator w/Afterburner –GAC EDC .005 -GAC –Boiling CCl4 .005 -GAC –Fluidized Bed Incineration TCE .005 -Incineration -GAC Granular Activated Carbon EPA Recommended Control Technology Ability to remove > 99% of contaminants Simple design and operation No hazardous waste byproducts Ability to operate at low temperatures and pressures GAC Operation Makeup Carbon In Effluent Water Flow Carbon Column Carbon Movement Influent Column Specifications Carbon Mass 21000 lb Adsorber Volume 170 ft3 Adsorber Area 36 ft2 Velocity 7 ft/min Contact Time 27 min Equilibrium Saturation 19 days Carbon Regeneration Carbon In Gas Out Rabble Arm 200-300oF 300-450oF o 400-1000 F Rabble Teeth 1000-1600oF 1600-1800oF 1600-1800oF Carbon Out HAZOP Studies- Safety Concern Purpose: Reduce risk at workplace Identify risks, prevent and reduce impact Subdivide into small sections Deviations, Causes, Consequences, Safe Guard and Actions PFTR Reactor Plant Location Location Factors Raw Materials Wages Distance Utilities Abundance Land Cost Total Tax Corporate Income Tax Taft, LA Sales Tax Property Tax Corpus Christi, TX Factor Rating Maximization Factor Weight % LA TX Raw Material Distance 30 3 miles 17 miles Abundance 25 4 2 Total Tax 20 32% 40% Wages 12 0.95 1.03 Utilities 8 $2.7/MMBtu $2.5/MMBtu Land Cost 5 $1270/acre $640/acre Factor Rating Maximization Weight % x Value % = Factor Rating Taft, LA 0.64 Corpus Christi, TX 0.96 Plant Capacity Forecasting Economic Analysis Economic Analysis Economic Analysis 10.5 billion lb/yr 4.09 billion lb/yr 6.44 billion lb/yr Risk & Probability Analysis Decision Forecasting Prices of Chlorine vs. Year 220 Find Mean Value & Std. Dev Apply to Monte Carlo Simulation 200 180 y = 2.112x - 4017.7 R2 = 0.9548 160 Prices ofPrices Chlorine ($/ton) 140 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year Forecasting Year Ethylene Chlorine Oxygen VCM ($/ton) ($/ton) ($/ft3) ($/ton) 2004 492.5 212.2 0.001445 499.2 2005 499.4 214.1 0.001436 506.2 2006 506.2 216.1 0.001427 513.2 2007 513.1 218.0 0.001418 520.2 2008 519.9 219.9 0.001409 527.2 2009 526.7 221.8 0.001400 529.2 2010 533.6 223.8 0.001391 535.2 2011 540.4 225.7 0.001382 543.21 Std.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparative Durability and Abrasion Resistance of Natural and Synthetic
    Comparative Durability and Abrasion Resistance of Natural and Synthetic Latex Gloves Ryan Michel2 and Katrina Cornish1,2 Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, 2Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691 Abstract Medical gloves assist with the prevention of the spread of germs and are required to be worn when working with blood, body tissues, mucous membrane, and broken skin. They should provide good protection between hands and bio hazardous fluids to prevent contamination and promote safety of all healthcare workers and patients. Hence, it is critical for medical gloves to meet a standard performance criterion. Under ASTM D 3577 and D 3578, medical gloves have requirements they must meet in order to be sold and distributed as new gloves. However, there are no industry standards for gloves to meet while in use. The goal of this project was to develop a standard test for glove durability after their initial use. For the tests, gloves were worn by a mechanized prosthetic hand that was put under different conditions which are normally experienced by professionals in the medical field. This design was developed and later confirmed by Dr. Katrina Cornish: Design: Effects of media outside the glove Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 70% ethanol, air Gloves Tested: Chloroprene, Latex 2, Nitrile, Polyvinyl Chloride and Latex 1 To evaluate glove durability during use, the gloves were immersed in different media before being subjected to contact with an abrasive surface. From this design, ranking of commercially available gloves are developed based on the time until failure of the gloves in these tests.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Resistance List
    Chemical Resistance List Resistance Substance Permeation Time/Level to Degradation Fluoro- natural chloro- nitrile/ nitrile carbon butyl latex prene chloroprene rubber NR CR CR NBR FKM IIR NR NR CR CR NBR NBR NBR NBR NBR FKM IIR IIR NBR NBR 395 450, 451 720, 722 717 727 730, 732 740, 741 743 754 764 890 897 898 chemical physical 403 706 723, 725 733, 836 742, 757 state 708 726 736 - 739 759 - 0 - 0 0 + 1-methoxy-2-propanol paste 4 2 2 3 4 4 B 1 3 4 6 6 - 0 - 0 0 + 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate liquid 3 1 1 3 3 A B 2 3 6 6 - 0 0 - 0 + 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone liquid 5 2 3 3 3 2 A B 1 3 3 6 6 - 0 + + + - 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane liquid 1 0 5 4 6 6 1 1 2 1 6 1 2 - - - - - - 1.2-epoxy ethane (ethylene oxide) liquid B A A A A 0 0 0 B 1 2 - - - - - - 1.2-epoxy propane (propylene oxide) liquid B A A A 1 A 0 0 0 B 1 2 + + + + + + 1.2-propanediol liquid 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 - + - + + 0 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate liquid 2 1 1 5 6 1 1 2 6 2 3 - 0 0 0 + + 2-mercaptoethanol liquid 3 2 4 4 4 4 1 1 3 6 6 6 - - - 0 0 - 2-methoxy-2-methyl propane liquid 1 B B 2 4 A 1 4 1 3 2 2 - - - - - 0 3-hexanone liquid 1 B 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 - - - - - 0 4-heptanone liquid 1 A 1 1 1 A 0 0 0 B 3 3 - - - - - + acetaldehyde liquid 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 0 A 0 6 6 0 0 0 - - + acetic acid anhydride liquid 6 3 3 3 3 2 A B 1 B 2 6 6 + + + + + + acetic acid, 10 % liquid 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 0 + + + + + acetic acid, 50 % liquid 5 4 6 6 6 2 4 6 6 6 6 - - - - 0 + acetic acid, conc.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Author Version (PDF)
    RSC Advances This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. This Accepted Manuscript will be replaced by the edited, formatted and paginated article as soon as this is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/advances Page 1 of 10Journal Name RSC Advances Dynamic Article Links ► Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/c0xx00000x www.rsc.org/xxxxxx ARTICLE TYPE Reverse Iodine Transfer Polymerization (RITP) of Chloroprene Jia Hui, Yan Shi,* Tao Li, Jie Wu and Zhifeng Fu Received (in XXX, XXX) Xth XXXXXXXXX 20XX, Accepted Xth XXXXXXXXX 20XX DOI: 10.1039/b000000x 5 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +86-010-64423811; Tel: +86-010-64416783 10 Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) of chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, CP) using reverse iodine transfer polymerization (RITP) has been demonstrated for the first time.
    [Show full text]
  • Vinyl Chloride Production
    Vinyl Chloride Production Capstone Design Project Spring 2003 Chemical Engineering -University of Oklahoma Jeremy Dry Bryce Lawson Phuong Le Israel Osisanya Deepa Patel Anecia Shelton Vinyl Chloride Production Plant Table of Contents Section 1: Introduction............................................................................................5 Section 2: Available Processes ................................................................................5 2.1 Vinyl Chloride from Acetylene ...............................................................5 2.2 Vinyl Chloride from Ethane.....................................................................6 2.3 Vinyl Chloride from Ethylene .................................................................6 Section 3: Process Design ........................................................................................7 3.1 Thermodynamics......................................................................................7 3.2 Balanced Process Overview ....................................................................7 3.3 Balance Process Outline ..........................................................................7 3.4 Direct Chlorination Reactor Design.........................................................8 3.5 Direct Chlorination Process Simulation...................................................9 3.6 Direct Chlorination Control and Instrumentation....................................10 3.7 Oxychlorination Reactor Design..............................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • 3,4-Dichlorobut-1-Ene Cas N°: 760-23-6
    OECD SIDS 3,4-DICHLOROBUT-1-ENE FOREWORD INTRODUCTION 3,4-DICHLOROBUT-1-ENE CAS N°: 760-23-6 UNEP PUBLICATIONS OECD SIDS 3,4-DICHLOROBUT-1-ENE SIDS INITIAL ASSESSMENT PROFILE CAS No. 760-23-6 Chemical Name 3,4-Dichlorobut-1-ene Structural Formula CH2=CH-CHCl-CH2Cl RECOMMENDATIONS The chemical is a candidate for further work. SUMMARY CONCLUSIONS OF THE SIAR Human Health Oral LD50 and inhalation LC50 of 3,4-dichlorobut-1-ene (3,4-DCB) are about 940 mg/kg and 2100 ppm, respectively. Inhalation repeated dose study in rats conducted for 14 days, 6 hours/day, 5 days/week at doses of 104 mg/m3 (20 ppm) and 1037 mg/m3 (200 ppm) of 3,4-DCB. Relative liver weight increased and change in liver cell morphology was observed at 1037 mg/m3 dose. This chemical is slightly irritating to skin and eyes. Acute skin irritation in rabbits according to OECD TG 404 causes erythema but does not cause systemic intolerance reaction. Acute eye irritation study by instillation into the conjunctival sac of rabbits according to OECD TG 405 causes corneal opacity and conjunctival redness but does not cause systemic intolerance reaction. In an oral study in rats by OECD combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test [OECD TG 422] at doses of 0, 0.4, 2, 10 and 50 mg/kg/day for at least 44 days, organ weight and histopathological changes were induced. In males, absolute kidney weights were slightly increased with 10 mg/kg and absolute and relative weights of the liver and kidneys were increased with 50 mg/kg.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent Office Patented Sept
    3,838,140 United States Patent Office Patented Sept. 24, 1974 1. 2 is salts, in particular sodium or potassium salts of the fol 3,838,140 lowing types of compounds: long chain fatty acids, colo MOLECULARWEIGHT REGULATON EN phony or colophonyl derivatives, e.g. colophony obtained CELOROPRENE POLYMERS Rudolf Mayer-Mader, Cologne, and Jurgen Boldt, from wood, tall oil colophony, disproportionated colo Opladen, Germany, assignors to Bayer Aktiengesell phony or partly polymerised colophony, higher alcohol schaft, Leverkusen, Germany sulphates and aryl sulphnic acids, e.g. alkylbenzene sul No Drawing. Filed Nov. 9, 1972, Ser. No. 305,134 phonic acids, and the condensation product of formalde Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 13, 1971, hyde with a naphthalene sulphonic acid. P 21 S6 452.3 The concentration of the organic monomer in the emul Int, C. C08d 3/14: CO8f 1/80, 3/32 O sion used as starting material is not of decisive importance. U.S. C. 260- 92.3 4 Claims It is generally 30 to 60%, based on the total weight of the emulsion when preparing the polymer. ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The pH is preferably in the alkaline region. Polymerisa tion may be carried out at temperatures of between 0° C. A process for polymerising a monomer composition of 5 and 80° C. and is preferably carried out between 30° C. chloroprene and 0 to 50% by weight of one or more other and 50° C. copolymerisable monomers in aqueous emulsion on radi Polymerisation is stopped when monomer conversion cal forming catalysts in the presence of a selected dialkoxy has reached a stage at which a polymer which is soluble xanthate disulphide and a mixture of the polymer thus in benzene is obtained.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Toxic Substances Monitoring in Virginia
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1983 Organic toxic substances monitoring in Virginia Robert Emile. Croonenberghs College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Croonenberghs, Robert Emile., "Organic toxic substances monitoring in Virginia" (1983). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539616622. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-vdbf-8m78 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed.
    [Show full text]
  • ELMER KEISER BOLTON June 23, 1886-Jidy 30, 1968
    NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES E LMER KEISER BOLTON 1886—1968 A Biographical Memoir by RO BE R T M. J O Y C E Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1983 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON D.C. ELMER KEISER BOLTON June 23, 1886-Jidy 30, 1968 BY ROBERT M. JOYCE LMER KEISER BOLTON was one of the outstanding leaders E of industrial research. He became an industrial re- search director at a time when research was only beginning to be a significant factor in the chemical industry. There were no models for this new role, and Bolton's concepts of direct- ing industrial research were in large measure those that he formulated himself, reflecting his vision and drive to achieve important commercial goals. The record of industrial products developed by Du Pont research organizations that he directed is impressive; it in- cludes synthetic dyes and intermediates, flotation chemicals, rubber chemicals, neoprene synthetic rubber, nylon synthetic fiber, and Teflon® polytetrafluoroethylene resin. His leader- ship in bringing these developments to fruition was always apparent to management and to those he directed, but be- cause of his characteristic self-effacement his name is not widely associated with these accomplishments. Throughout his career he supported and encouraged his technical person- nel. Most important, he had the knack of picking the right time and direction to take in moving a research lead into development. Many of his decisions proved crucial to the ultimate success of these ventures.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Showa Denko Chloroprene?
    Polychloroprene Rubber 2 What is Showa Denko Chloroprene? Well balanced elastomer CR Elasticity Oxidation resistance Heat resistance Oil resistance Showa Denko Chloroprene CR CR CR CR (CR) is a type of synthetic NR NR NR NR rubber used as an elastomer SBR SBR SBR SBR NBR NBR NBR NBR in the automotive (belts and EPDM EPDM EPDM EPDM hoses), construction (waterproofing and sealing), Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent wire and cable, adhesives, and countless other industries. Showa Denko Chloroprene has been Low temperature resistance Compression set Gas transmission resistance Weather resistance produced for over 50 years and continues to expand CR CR CR CR NR NR NR NR its application fields. The properties of Showa SBR SBR SBR SBR Denko Chloroprene is highlighted by the a wide range NBR NBR NBR NBR EPDM EPDM EPDM EPDM of resistances to sun, ozone, and weathering, many Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent oils and chemicals, low and high temperatures, flame, and toughness against abrasion and general Ozone resistance Abrasion resistance Insulation resistance Flame resistance wear. The versatile properties have long been the CR CR CR CR key to Showa Denko Chloroprene’ s utility as a NR NR NR NR SBR SBR SBR SBR multi-purpose rubber. The product is available in NBR NBR NBR NBR over 40 grades, produced as either a dry chip or EPDM EPDM EPDM EPDM aqueous dispersion (Latex). Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent Poor Excellent *These figures are only for reference purposes and therefore do not
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicological Review (PDF)
    EPA/635/R-09/010F www.epa.gov/iris TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF CHLOROPRENE (CAS No. 126-99-8) In Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) September 2010 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC DISCLAIMER This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................. ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................................ xi FOREWORD.........................................................................................................................................xiii AUTHORS, CONTRIBUTORS, AND REVIEWERS ......................................................................... xiv 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1 2. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION .............................................................................. 3 3. TOXICOKINETICS............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Announcement of Acquisition of Chloroprene Rubber Business from Dupont, U.S
    December 11, 2014 To Whom It May Concern DENKI KAGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA MITSUI & CO., LTD. Announcement of Acquisition of Chloroprene Rubber Business from DuPont, U.S. DENKI KAGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA (Headquarter: Chuo-ku, Tokyo; Shinsuke Yoshitaka, President & CEO, hereinafter “DENKA”) and MITSUI & CO., LTD. (Headquarter: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo; Masami Iijima, President & CEO, hereinafter “Mitsui”) are pleased to announce that DENKA and Mitsui decided to establish Denka Performance Elastomer, a joint venture company with the capital ratio of 70% by DENKA and 30% by Mitsui (“DPE”), in the U.S., and to enter into an agreement with DuPont, an international diversified chemicals manufacturer, for an acquisition (the “Acquisition”) of DuPont’s business relating to the manufacture and sale of chloroprene rubber (“CR”) business (the “Subject Business”) and that DENKA and Mitsui entered into such agreement with DuPont on December 9, 2014. We aim to complete the Acquisition during the 1st half of 2015, subject to official approvals of competent authorities. * What is CR CR is a synthetic rubber which is easy to process and has a strong balance of excellent properties such as weather resistance, ozone resistance, oil resistance, abrasion resistance, flame retardance, heat resistance, etc. CR is used for a wide range of application such as transmission belts and automotive parts, foam rubber, adhesives, etc. There are two methods to manufacture CR, acetylene method and butadiene method, of which main raw materials differ. 1. Purpose of Acquisition In 1962, DENKA commenced the manufacture and sale of CR at the Omi plant (Itoigawa-city, Niigata) by using its own technology (acetylene method), and currently is one of the largest CR manufacturer supplying in approximately 80 countries worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • Universiv Micrdrilms International 300 N
    INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image of the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
    [Show full text]