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La Piqûre De Diptère…………………...…..89 ÉCOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE D’ALFORT Année 2010 MANIFESTATIONS DERMATOLOGIQUES ASSOCIÉES AUX DIPTÈRES CHEZ LE CHIEN ET LE CHAT THESE Pour le DOCTORAT VETERINAIRE Présentée et soutenue publiquement devant LA FACULTE DE MEDECINE DE CRETEIL Le……………………….. par Auriane BERTHET-BEAUFILS Née le 21 mai 1984 à Rueil-Malmaison JURY Président : M. Professeur à la Faculté de Médecine de CRETEIL Membres Directeur : Madame Lénaïg HALOS Maître de conférences à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort Assesseur : Monsieur Ludovic FREYBURGER Maître de conférences à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort Invité d’honneur : Monsieur Blaise HUBERT Praticien Hospitalier à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort Juin 2010 LISTE DES MEMBRES DU CORPS ENSEIGNANT Directeur : M. le Professeur MIALOT Jean-Paul Directeurs honoraires : MM. les Professeurs MORAILLON Robert, PARODI André-Laurent, PILET Charles, TOMA Bernard Professeurs honoraires: MM. BRUGERE Henri, BUSSIERAS Jean, CERF Olivier, CLERC Bernard, CRESPEAU François LE BARS Henri, MOUTHON Gilbert, MILHAUD Guy, ROZIER Jacques, DEPARTEMENT DES SCIENCES BIOLOGIQUES ET PHARMACEUTIQUES (DSBP) Chef du département : Mme COMBRISSON Hélène, Professeur - Adjoint : Mme LE PODER Sophie, Maître de conférences - UNITE D’ANATOMIE DES ANIMAUX DOMESTIQUES -UNITE D’HISTOLOGIE, ANATOMIE PATHOLOGIQUE Mme CREVIER-DENOIX Nathalie, Professeur M. FONTAINE Jean-Jacques, Professeur * M. DEGUEURCE Christophe, Professeur Mme BERNEX Florence, Maître de conférences Mme ROBERT Céline, Maître de conférences Mme CORDONNIER-LEFORT Nathalie, Maître de conférences M. CHATEAU Henry, Maître de conférences* M. REYES GOMEZ Edouard, Maître de conférences contractuel - UNITE DE PATHOLOGIE GENERALE MICROBIOLOGIE, - UNITE DE VIROLOGIE IMMUNOLOGIE M. ELOIT Marc, Professeur * Mme QUINTIN-COLONNA Françoise, Professeur* Mme LE PODER Sophie, Maître de conférences M. BOULOUIS Henri-Jean, Professeur M. FREYBURGER Ludovic, Maître de conférences - UNITE DE GENETIQUE MEDICALE ET MOLECULAIRE M. PANTHIER Jean-Jacques, Professeur - UNITE DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET THERAPEUTIQUE Mme ABITBOL Marie, Maître de conférences* Mme COMBRISSON Hélène, Professeur* M. TIRET Laurent, Maître de conférences - UNITE DE BIOCHIMIE Mme STORCK-PILOT Fanny, Maître de conférences M. MICHAUX Jean-Michel, Maître de conférences* M. BELLIER Sylvain, Maître de conférences - UNITE DE PHARMACIE ET TOXICOLOGIE Mme ENRIQUEZ Brigitte, Professeur - DISCIPLINE : ANGLAIS M. TISSIER Renaud, Maître de conférences* Mme CONAN Muriel, Professeur certifié M. PERROT Sébastien, Maître de conférences - DISCIPLINE : EDUCATION PHYSIQUE ET SPORTIVE - DISCIPLINE : ETHOLOGIE M. PHILIPS, Professeur certifié M. DEPUTTE Bertrand, Professeur DEPARTEMENT D’ELEVAGE ET DE PATHOLOGIE DES EQUIDES ET DES CARNIVORES (DEPEC) Chef du département : M. POLACK Bruno, Maître de conférences - Adjoint : M. BLOT Stéphane, Professeur - UNITE DE MEDECINE - UNITE DE PATHOLOGIE CHIRURGICALE M. POUCHELON Jean-Louis, Professeur* M. FAYOLLE Pascal, Professeur * Mme CHETBOUL Valérie, Professeur M. MOISSONNIER Pierre, Professeur M. BLOT Stéphane, Professeur M. MAILHAC Jean-Marie, Maître de conférences M. ROSENBERG Charles, Maître de conférences M. NIEBAUER Gert, Professeur contractuel Mme MAUREY Christelle, Maître de conférences Mme VIATEAU-DUVAL Véronique, Maître de conférences Mme BENCHEKROUN Ghita, Maître de conférences contractuel Mme RAVARY-PLUMIOEN Bérangère, Maître de conférences (rattachée au DPASP) - UNITE DE CLINIQUE EQUINE M. ZILBERSTEIN Luca, Maître de conférences M. DENOIX Jean-Marie, Professeur M. JARDEL Nicolas, Praticien hospitalier M. AUDIGIE Fabrice, Professeur* Mme GIRAUDET Aude, Praticien hospitalier - UNITE D’IMAGERIE MEDICALE Mlle CHRISTMANN Undine, Maître de conférences M. LABRUYERE Julien, Professeur contractuel Mme MESPOULHES-RIVIERE Céline, Maître de conférences Mme STAMBOULI Fouzia, Praticien hospitalier contractuel Mme PRADIER Sophie, Maître de conférences contractuel - DISCIPLINE : OPHTALMOLOGIE M. CARNICER David, Maître de conférences contractuel Mme CHAHORY Sabine, Maître de conférences - UNITE DE REPRODUCTION ANIMALE - UNITE DE PARASITOLOGIE ET MALADIES PARASITAIRES Mme CHASTANT-MAILLARD Sylvie, Professeur M. CHERMETTE René, Professeur * (rattachée au DPASP) M. POLACK Bruno, Maître de conférences M. NUDELMANN Nicolas, Maître de conférences M. GUILLOT Jacques, Professeur M. FONTBONNE Alain, Maître de conférences* Mme MARIGNAC Geneviève, Maître de conférences M. REMY Dominique, Maître de conférences (rattaché au DPASP) M. HUBERT Blaise, Praticien hospitalier M. DESBOIS Christophe, Maître de conférences M. BLAGA Radu Gheorghe, Maître de conférences contractuel Mme CONSTANT Fabienne, Maître de conférences (rattachée au - UNITE DE MEDECINE DE L’ELEVAGE ET DU SPORT DPASP) M. GRANDJEAN Dominique, Professeur * Mme DEGUILLAUME Laure, Maître de conférences contractuel Mme YAGUIYAN-COLLIARD Laurence, Maître de conférences contractuel (rattachée au DPASP) - DISCIPLINE : NUTRITION-ALIMENTATION - DISCIPLINE : URGENCE SOINS INTENSIFS M. PARAGON Bernard, Professeur Mme Françoise ROUX, Maître de conférences DEPARTEMENT DES PRODUCTIONS ANIMALES ET DE LA SANTE PUBLIQUE (DPASP)Chef du département : M. MILLEMANN Yves, Maître de conférences - Adjoint : Mme DUFOUR Barbara, Professeur - UNITE DES MALADIES CONTAGIEUSES - UNITE DE ZOOTECHNIE, ECONOMIE RURALE M. BENET Jean-Jacques, Professeur* M. COURREAU Jean-François, Professeur Mme HADDAD/ HOANG-XUAN Nadia, Professeur M. BOSSE Philippe, Professeur Mme DUFOUR Barbara, Professeur Mme GRIMARD-BALLIF Bénédicte, Professeur Melle PRAUD Anne, Maître de conférences contractuel Mme LEROY Isabelle, Maître de conférences M. ARNE Pascal, Maître de conférences - UNITE D’HYGIENE ET INDUSTRIE DES ALIMENTS M. PONTER Andrew, Professeur* D’ORIGINE ANIMALE M. BOLNOT François, Maître de conférences * - UNITE DE PATHOLOGIE MEDICALE DU BETAIL ET DES M. CARLIER Vincent, Professeur ANIMAUX DE BASSE-COUR Mme COLMIN Catherine, Maître de conférences M. AUGUSTIN Jean-Christophe, Maître de conférences M. MILLEMANN Yves, Maître de conférences * Mme BRUGERE-PICOUX Jeanne, Professeur (rattachée au DSBP) - DISCIPLINE : BIOSTATISTIQUES M. ADJOU Karim, Maître de conférences M. DESQUILBET Loïc, Maître de conférences contractuel M. TESSIER Philippe, Professeur contractuel M. BELBIS Guillaume, Maître de conférences contractuel * Responsable de l’Unité REMERCIEMENTS Au professeur Professeur à la faculté de médecine de Créteil Pour nous avoir fait l’honneur d’accepter la présidence de notre jury de thèse. Hommage respectueux. A Madame Lénaïg Halos, Maître de conférences à l’ENVA, Qui nous a fait l’honneur de diriger cette thèse, Pour l’attention et le temps consacrés à sa correction, Mes sincères remerciements. A Monsieur Ludovic Freyburger Maître de conférences à l’ENVA, Pour avoir accepté avec gentillesse et enthousiasme d’être mon assesseur. Mes sincères remerciements. A monsieur Blaise Hubert, Chargé de consultation à l’ENVA Pour m’avoir proposé ce sujet de thèse, pour son implication et sa contribution iconographique personnelle, Sincères remerciements. A Monsieur Jan Declercq, Professeur à la Faculté Vétérinaire de Liège, Pour m’avoir fourni une iconographie précieuse et originale, Sincères remerciements. A ma famille et mes amis Pour leur soutien. Merci beaucoup. TABLE DES MATIÈRES LISTE DES ABRÉVIATIONS...............................................................................................9 LISTE DES FIGURES..........................................................................................................11 LISTE DES TABLEAUX.....................................................................................................15 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................17 Première partie : LES DIPÈRES D'INTÉRÊT EN DERMATOLOGIE VÉTÉRINAIRE…………………….………….19 I. GÉNÉRALITÉS .......................................................................................................21 A. Définitions..................................................................................................................21 B. Classification .............................................................................................................22 II. CARACTÈRES GÉNÉRAUX DES FAMILLES DONT LES ADULTES SONT PARASITES, HÉMATOPHAGES........................................................................26 A. Famille des culicidés : les moustiques......................................................................26 1. Cycle de développement ..........................................................................26 2. Habitat et nutrition ..................................................................................29 B. Famille des cératopogonidés.....................................................................................32 1. Cycle de développement : ........................................................................32 2. Habitat et nutrition ..................................................................................34 C. Famille des psychodidés : les phlébotomes .............................................................36 1. Cycle de développement ..........................................................................36 2. Habitat et nutrition ..................................................................................37 D. Famille des simulidés : les simulies..........................................................................39 1. Cycle de développement ..........................................................................39
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