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BOOTH 1736 WINTER 2012 A Magazine for Specifiers and Engineers VOLUME 10 | NUMBER 1 ON THE COVER: Designed by a team of architectural students for the New Jersey coast, this precast concrete solar home is not only energy efficient and technologically advanced, but will stand up to severe weather. 4 I PRECASTER’S NOTEBOOK: Photo by Ron Hyink. ANATOMY OF A DOGHOUSE MANHOLE Precast Solutions (ISSN 1934-4066 print, ISSN BY GARY K. MUNKELT, P.E. 1934-4074 online) is published quarterly by NPCA, the association of the manufactured concrete products industry. 6 I TAKING MOTHER Material in this publication may not be reproduced without written permission from NATURE’S WORST NPCA. Requests for permission should be Precast concrete evacuation building designs directed to the editor. stand up to tsunamis and tornados. DEBORAH R. HUSO © Copyright 2012 by NPCA. Publisher: Ty Gable Executive Editor: Bob Whitmore XTREME RECAST 10 I E P : Managing Editor: Ron Hyink FREEZING OUT THE COMPETITION Editor: Sue McCraven Five proud precasters reflect on their favorite cold-weather projects. Associate Editor: Kirk Stelsel BY SUE McCRAVEN Graphic Designer: Deborah Templeton Advertising: Brenda C. Ibitz Vice President of Development & Member Services (317) 571-9500 • (317) 571-9941 (fax) 16 I NOT YOUR TYPICAL [email protected] BEACH HOUSE NPCA A safe haven from the storm, this precast concrete solar home Precast Solutions exemplifies energy savings and modern architecture. 1320 City Center Dr., Suite 200 BY RON HYINK Carmel, IN 46032 (800) 366-7731 (317) 571-9500 (International) Fax: (317) 571-0041 22 I PRECAST BUILDINGS: E-mail: [email protected] INSTALL FAST AND BUILT TO LAST This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered; however, BY KIRK STELSEL National Precast Concrete Association and Precast Solutions act as mediators without approving, disapproving or guaranteeing the validity or accuracy of any data, claim or opinion appearing herein. Information is provided and disseminated with the understanding that National Precast Concrete Association and Precast Solutions are not engaged in rendering engineering, legal, or any other professional services. If engineering, legal, or other professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be obtained. National Precast Concrete Association and 24 I PRECAST CONCRETE SAFE ROOMS: Precast Solutions do not assume and hereby disclaim liability to any person for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions in the material contained herein, regardless of whether such errors SHELTER FROM THE STORM result from negligence, accident, or any other cause whatsoever. Built to meet strict FEMA specifications, precast offers protection and peace of mind. BY EVAN GURLEY 30 I THERMAL MASS Precast concrete can take the heat. BY CLAUDE GOGUEN, P.E. WINTER 2012 | PRECAST SOLUTIONS 3 PRECASTER’S NOTEBOOK: ANATOMY OF A DOGHOUSE MANHOLE BY GARY K. MUNKELT, P.E. Precast Concrete Doghouse Manhole New Pipe Hole for Slot to New Hole for Straddle Pipe New Pipe Existing Pipe Existing Pipe Slot to Straddle Existing Pipe Fig. 1 Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 New Pipe Existing Pipe 2 in. Cast-in-place FLOW (CIP) concrete Concrete Blocks to d Support Structure d = 0 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 4 PRECAST SOLUTIONS | WINTER 2012 Gasket Stem Fig. 1 PRECASTER’S NOTEBOOK: he doghouse manhole is commonly used to connect a lateral pipeline to an existing pipe in the ground. This type New Pipe Tof manhole is widely used in gravity sewers where round structures are common. It is also used in rectangular structures where new equipment (i.e., blow off valves or air release valves) ANATOMY OF d = 6 in. requiring access for maintenance is required by utility companies. HOW DOES A DOGHOUSE MANHOLE WORK? A OGHOUSE Fig. 2 & 3 D I. The precast concrete structure is made without a bottom slab Fig. 6 with a “U” shaped opening in the walls wherever the existing pipe will pass through. Gasketed holes or plain holes are placed MANHOLE wherever a new pipe will pass through a wall. Fig. 4 New Valves or BY GARY K. MUNKELT, P.E. Air Release Equpment II. The “U” shaped hole needs to be large enough to slide over the existing pipe without damaging it. One rule-of-thumb is to allow 2 in. around the pipe. The distance “d” from the bottom Hole Mortared Existing of the pipe to the bottom of the riser depends on jobsite Shut Pipe conditions for the project: New Fig. 5 CIP Floor A. d = 0 when a new pipe enters a manhole at an invert d > 6 in. elevation higher than the invert of the existing pipe. Fig. 6 Fig. 7 B. d = 6 in. when a new pipe enters the manhole at an invert elevation equal to the invert of the existing pipe. The 6 in. allows room for the gasket stem. Fig. 7 C. d > 6 in. when structures will be used as an air release Top of Existing valve pit or valve vault and existing pipe must be above the Pipe Removed floor. Fig. 8 New Pipe III. The doghouse manhole is installed to straddle the existing pipe. Concrete is then poured to form a bottom slab and invert shelf. The existing pipe can then be cut open to gain access and to provide a means for water on the shelf to run into a pipe. New pipes can be installed without interrupting service of the existing pipe. Gary K. Munkelt, P.E., is a consulting engineer with Gary K. Munkelt & Associates in North Wales, Pa. Contact him at CIP Bottom Slab and Sloped Shelf Fig. 8 [email protected]. WINTER 2012 | PRECAST SOLUTIONS 5 © Dicid | Dreamstime.com TAKING MOTHER NATURE’S WORST PRECAST CONCRETE OFFERS SOLUTIONS FOR PROTECTING PEOPLE AND PLACES FROM NATURE’S WORST WEATHER EVENTS. BY DEBORAH R. HUSO he people of Southeast Asia are no strangers took a two-week trip to Japan in the wake of the natural to tsunamis, but no one was prepared for the disasters to study the damage from debris and to look at Tone that followed the 9.0-magnitude earthquake the country’s precast buildings. just off the eastern coast of Japan in March 2011. In Naito says both precast and cast-in-place concrete some places, waves reached well over 100 ft. Tens of survive these types of disasters better than most other thousands of people lost their lives despite the fact that structural forms, and indeed he saw a 40-story, total- Japan, when compared with the rest of the developed precast building that survived the earthquake. world, was relatively well-prepared for such an event. Many coastal structures survived the disaster, and many AN OREGON COMMUNITY of those structures were concrete. PREPARES FOR THE WORST “Even older precast structures withstood the In Cannon Beach, Ore., engineers have designed tsunami,” says Clay Naito, Ph.D., associate professor a 9,800-sq-ft precast concrete Tsunami Evacuation with the Department of Civil and Environmental Building (TEB) and city hall, which if constructed will Engineering at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pa. He cost the local government around $4 million – twice the 6 PRECAST SOLUTIONS | WINTER 2012 cost of a conventional building. But the 1,700 residents walls that will let loose to allow water and debris to flow of Cannon Beach aren’t balking at the price tag, because through the building to prevent a damming up of debris Architectural rendering of they know a tsunami is coming – they just don’t know at the front of the building. The proposed structure proposed tsunami evacuation when. would be built on a deep-pile foundation with concrete building in Cannon Beach, Ore. Graphic courtesy Ecola Architects Geologists at Oregon State University (OSU) in beams. “I believe precast will perform better,” says Yu, (www.ecolaarchitects.com) Newport say a massive earthquake is likely to occur in who points out that precast concrete performed well the Cascadia subduction zone off the Pacific Northwest in seismic testing simulating a magnitude 8 earthquake coast within the next 50 years. “Cannon Beach was in San Diego in 2008. The testing was a joint venture affected by the 1964 Alaska earthquake and a tsunami among the University of California, San Diego, the generated by it,” says Kent Yu, Ph.D., principal branch University of Arizona and Lehigh University. manager with Degenkolb Engineers in Portland, Ore. He The proposed TEB/city hall would be 30-ft tall, is among the members of a team, including professors thus allowing for vertical evacuation of city residents, from OSU, working pro bono to design a TEB for Cannon as geologists have estimated water depth from an Beach. incoming tsunami would be about 15 ft. Engineers have Using OSU’s Tsunami Wave Basin, the most also proposed putting a sea wall in front of the building advanced testing facility of its kind in the world, to further reduce the impact of tsunami waves. engineers have been evaluating the design of a “The key component is to know the inundation depth proposed concrete TEB/city hall. “We want to make and how fast the water will come through the building,” sure the building can sustain the shaking from a 9.2 Yu explains. And that’s where OSU’s Department of earthquake,” Yu explains. They also want to ensure Geology and Mineral Industries has come in, working the structure can bear the impact load from water up an inundation map to help engineers calculate water and debris. That includes making sure the building force to size the columns for the TEB. can withstand storm surge water pounding into it and pushing upward against the floors.