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By Tamman Montanaro
4 Reusable First Stage Rockets y1 = 15.338 m m1 = 2.047 x 10 kg 5 y2 = 5.115 m m2 = 1.613 x 10 kg By Tamman Montanaro What is the moment of inertia? What is the force required from the cold gas thrusters if we assume constancy. Figure 1. Robbert Goddard’s design of the first ever rocket to fly in 1926. Source: George Edward Pendray. The moment of inertia of a solid disk: rper The Rocket Formula Now lets stack a bunch of these solid disk on each other: Length = l Divide by dt Figure 2: Flight path for the Falcon 9; After separation, the first stage orientates itself and prepares itself for landing. Source: SpaceX If we do the same for the hollow cylinder, we get a moment of inertia Launch of: Specific impulse for a rocket: How much mass is lost? What is the mass loss? What is the moment of inertia about the center of mass for these two objects? Divide by m Figure 3: Falcon 9 first stage after landing on drone barge. Source: SpaceX nd On December 22 2015, the Falcon 9 Orbcomm-2 What is the constant force required for its journey halfway (assuming first stage lands successfully. This is the first ever orbital- that the force required to flip it 90o is the equal and opposite to class rocket landing. From the video and flight logs, we Flip Maneuver stabilize the flip). can gather specifications about the first stage. ⃑ How much time does it take for the first stage to descend? We assume this is the time it takes � Flight Specifications for the first stage to reorientate itself. -
Arxiv:2006.00776V1 [Physics.Space-Ph] 1 Jun 2020
manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters Dust impact voltage signatures on Parker Solar Probe: influence of spacecraft floating potential S. D. Bale1,2, K. Goetz3, J. W. Bonnell1, A. W. Case4, C. H. K. Chen5,T. Dudok de Wit6, L. C. Gasque1,2, P. R. Harvey1, J. C. Kasper 7,4, P. J. Kellogg3, R. J. MacDowall8, M. Maksimovic9, D. M. Malaspina10, B. F. Page1,2, M. Pulupa1, M. L. Stevens4, J. R. Szalay11, A. Zaslavsky9 1Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7450, USA 2Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA 3School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA 4Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 5School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK 6LPC2E, CNRS and University of Orleans,´ Orleans,´ France 7Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA 8Solar System Exploration Division, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771 9LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Universit PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit, Universit de Paris, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France 10Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA 11Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA Key Points: • The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) FIELDS instrument measures millisecond volt- ages impulses associated with dust impacts • The sign of the largest monopole voltage response is a function of the spacecraft floating potential • These measurements are consistent with models of dynamic charge balance following dust impacts Submitted : June 2, 2020 arXiv:2006.00776v1 [physics.space-ph] 1 Jun 2020 Corresponding author: Stuart D. -
Delta II Icesat-2 Mission Booklet
A United Launch Alliance (ULA) Delta II 7420-10 photon-counting laser altimeter that advances MISSION rocket will deliver the Ice, Cloud and land Eleva- technology from the first ICESat mission tion Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) spacecraft to a 250 nmi launched on a Delta II in 2003 and operated until (463 km), near-circular polar orbit. Liftoff will 2009. Our planet’s frozen and icy areas, called occur from Space Launch Complex-2 at Vanden- the cryosphere, are a key focus of NASA’s Earth berg Air Force Base, California. science research. ICESat-2 will help scientists MISSION investigate why, and how much, our cryosphere ICESat-2, with its single instrument, the is changing in a warming climate, while also Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System measuring heights across Earth’s temperate OVERVIEW (ATLAS), will provide scientists with height and tropical regions and take stock of the vege- measurements to create a global portrait of tation in forests worldwide. The ICESat-2 mission Earth’s third dimension, gathering data that can is implemented by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight precisely track changes of terrain including Center (GSFC). Northrop Grumman built the glaciers, sea ice, forests and more. ATLAS is a spacecraft. NASA’s Launch Services Program at Kennedy Space Center is responsible for launch management. In addition to ICESat-2, this mission includes four CubeSats which will launch from dispens- ers mounted to the Delta II second stage. The CubeSats were designed and built by UCLA, University of Central Florida, and Cal Poly. The miniaturized satellites will conduct research DELTA II For nearly 30 years, the reliable in space weather, changing electric potential Delta II rocket has been an industry and resulting discharge events on spacecraft workhorse, launching critical and damping behavior of tungsten powder in a capabilities for NASA, the Air Force Image Credit NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center zero-gravity environment. -
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch
The Space Congress® Proceedings 2019 (46th) Light the Fire Jun 4th, 3:30 PM Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch Thomas Ste. Marie Vice Commander, 45th Space Wing Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Ste. Marie, Thomas, "Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch" (2019). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 31. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-2019-46th/presentations/31 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Support to Commercial Space Launch Colonel Thomas Ste. Marie Vice Commander, 45th Space Wing CCAFS Launch Customers: 2013 Complex 41: ULA Atlas V (CST-100) Complex 40: SpaceX Falcon 9 Complex 37: ULA Delta IV; Delta IV Heavy Complex 46: Space Florida, Navy* Skid Strip: NGIS Pegasus Atlantic Ocean: Navy Trident II* Black text – current programs; Blue text – in work; * – sub-orbital CCAFS Launch Customers: 2013 Complex 39B: NASA SLS Complex 41: ULA Atlas V (CST-100) Complex 40: SpaceX Falcon 9 Complex 37: ULA Delta IV; Delta IV Heavy NASA Space Launch System Launch Complex 39B February 4, 2013 Complex 46: Space Florida, Navy* Skid Strip: NGIS Pegasus Atlantic Ocean: Navy Trident II* Black text – current programs; -
2008 Estes-Cox Corp. All Rights Reserved
Estes-Cox Corp. 1295 H Street, P.O. BOX 227 Patent Pending Penrose, CO 81240-0227 ©2008 Estes-Cox Corp. All rights reserved. (9-08) PN 2927-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS HOW DO I START MY OWN ESTES ROCKET FLEET? The best way to begin model rocketry is with an Estes flying model rocket Starter Set or Launch Set. You can ® Index . .2 Skill Level 2 Rocket Kits . .30 either start with a Ready To Fly Starter Set or Launch Set that has a fully constructed model rocket or an E2X How To Start . .3 Skill Level 3 Rocket Kits . .34 Starter Set or Launch Set with a rocket that requires assembly prior to launching. Both types of sets come What to Know . .4 ‘E’ Engine Powered Kits . .36 complete with an electrical launch controller, adjustable launch pad and an information booklet to get you out Model Rocket Safety Code . .5 Blurzz™ Rocket Racers . .36 and flying in no time. Starter Sets include engines, Launch Sets let you choose your own engines (not includ- Ready To Fly Starter Sets . .6 How Model Rocket Engines Work . .38 ed). You’ll need four ‘AA’ alkaline batteries and perhaps glue, depending on which set you select. E2X® Starter Sets . .8 Model Rocket Engine Chart . .39 Ready to Fly Launch Sets . .10 Engine Time/Thrust Curves . .40 Launch Sets . .12 Model Rocket Accessories . .41 HOW EASY AND HOW MUCH TIME DOES IT TAKE TO BUILD MY ROCKETS? Ready To Fly Rockets . .14 Estes R/C Airplanes . .42 ® E2X Rocket Kits . .16 Estes Educator™ Products . -
Science: Planetary Science Outyears Are Notional
Science: Planetary Science Outyears are notional ($M) 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Planetary Science $2,235 $2,200 $2,181 $2,162 $2,143 Ø Creates a robotic Lunar Discovery and Exploration program, that supports commercial partnerships and innovative approaches to achieving human and science exploration goals. Ø Continues development of Mars 2020 and Europa Clipper. Ø Establishes a Planetary Defense program, including the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) and Near-Earth Object Observations. Ø Studies a potential Mars Sample Return mission incorporating commercial partnerships. Ø Formulates the Lucy and Psyche missions. Ø Selects the next New Frontiers mission. Ø Invests in CubeSats/SmallSats that can achieve entirely new science at lower cost. Ø Operates 10 Planetary missions. § OSIRIS-REx will map asteroid Bennu. § New Horizons will fly by its Kuiper belt target. Dawn Image of Ceres on January 13, 2015 20 Science: Astrophysics Outyears are notional ($M) 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Astrophysics $1,185 $1,185 $1,185 $1,185 $1,185 Ø Launches the James Webb Space Telescope. Ø Moves Webb into the Cosmic Origins Program within the Astrophysics Account. Ø Terminates WFIRST due to its significant cost and higher priorities elsewhere within NASA. Increases funding for future competed missions and research. Ø Supports the TESS exoplanet mission following launch by June 2018. Ø Formulates or develops, IXPE, GUSTO, XARM, Euclid, and a new MIDEX mission to be selected in FY 2019. Ø Operates ten missions and the balloon project. Ø Invests in CubeSats/SmallSats that can achieve entirely new science at lower cost. Ø All Astrophysics missions beyond prime operations (including SOFIA) will be subject to senior review in 2019. -
IT's a Little Chile up Here
IT’s A Little chile up here Press Kit | NET 29 July 2021 LAUNCH INFORMATION LAUNCH WINDOW ORBIT 12-day launch window opening from 29 July 2021 600km DAILY LAUNCH OPPORTUNITY The launch timing for this mission is the same for each day of the launch window. SATELLITES Time Zone Window Open Window Close NZT 18:00 20:00 UTC 06:00 08:00 1 EDT 02:00 04:00 PDT 23:00 01:00 The launch window extends for 12 days. INCLINATION 37 Degrees LAUNCH SITE Launch Complex 1, Mahia, New Zealand CUSTOMER LIVE STREAM Watch the live launch webcast: USSF rocketlabusa.com/live-stream Dedicated mission for U.S. Space Force 2 | Rocket Lab | Press Kit: It’s A Little Chile Up Here Mission OVERVIEW About ‘It’s a Little Chile Up Here’ Electron will launch a research and development satellite to low Earth orbit from Launch Complex 1 in New Zealand for the United States Space Force COMPLEX 1 LAUNCH MAHIA, NEW ZEALAND Electron will deploy an Air Force Research Laboratory- sponsored demonstration satellite called Monolith. ‘It’s a Little Chile Up Here’ The satellite will explore and demonstrate the use of a deployable sensor, where the sensor’s mass is a will be Rocket Lab’s: substantial fraction of the total mass of the spacecraft, changing the spacecraft’s dynamic properties and testing ability to maintain spacecraft attitude control. Analysis from the use of a deployable sensor aims to th st enable the use of smaller satellite buses when building 4 21 future deployable sensors such as weather satellites, launch for Electron launch thereby reducing the cost, complexity, and development timelines. -
On Parker Solar Probe, NASA Leaves the Driving to Aerojet Rocketdyne
On Parker Solar Probe, NASA Leaves the Driving to Aerojet Rocketdyne August 12, 2018 KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, Fla., Aug. 12, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- With a big assist from Aerojet Rocketdyne, NASA’s Parker Solar Probe is now on its way to humankind’s closest encounter ever with a star – in this case our solar system’s sun. Parker Solar Probe NASA image Aerojet Rocketdyne provided the full propulsion system on NASA’s Parker Solar Probe, which will venture eight times closer to the Sun than the previous record holderCredit: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL In addition to the RS-68A main engines for the United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket that launched the Parker Probe into space, Aerojet Rocketdyne also supplied the RL10B-2 second stage engine and 12 MR-106 reaction control thrusters on the Delta Cryogenic Second Stage, as well as the full propulsion system on the Parker Solar Probe. The nearly 7-year journey will bring the probe to within 6.2 million kilometers of the Sun’s surface. That’s well within the orbit of the Sun’s nearest planet, Mercury, and eight times closer than the previous record holder, the U.S.-German Helios B probe, which made its closest approach in 1976. “Surviving a years-long journey to the corona of the Sun while operating in autonomous mode requires an incredibly high level of reliability,” said Aerojet Rocketdyne CEO and President Eileen Drake. “Aerojet Rocketdyne propulsion plays a critical role in all aspects of the Parker Solar Probe mission, from launch on the Delta IV, to the probe’s safe cruise through space and approach of the Sun’s atmosphere.” The Parker Solar Probe ultimately will dip into the Sun’s corona, carrying instruments to observe and measure the movement and interaction of phenomena including electric and magnetic fields, energetic particles and solar wind. -
Press Release
Rocket Lab, an End-to-End Space Company and Global Leader in Launch, to Become Publicly Traded Through Merger with Vector Acquisition Corporation End-to-end space company with an established track record, uniquely positioned to extend its lead across a launch, space systems and space applications market forecast to grow to $1.4 trillion by 2030 One of only two U.S. commercial companies delivering regular access to orbit: 97 satellites deployed for governments and private companies across 16 missions Second most frequently launched U.S. orbital rocket, with proven Photon spacecraft platform already operating on orbit and missions booked to the Moon, Mars and Venus Transaction will provide capital to fund development of reusable Neutron launch vehicle with an 8-ton payload lift capacity tailored for mega constellations, deep space missions and human spaceflight Proceeds also expected to fund organic and inorganic growth in the space systems market and support expansion into space applications enabling Rocket Lab to deliver data and services from space Business combination values Rocket Lab at an implied pro forma enterprise value of $4.1 billion. Pro forma cash balance of the combined company of approximately $750 million at close Rocket Lab forecasts that it will generate positive adjusted EBITDA in 2023, positive cash flows in 2024 and more than $1 billion in revenue in 2026 Group of top-tier institutional investors have committed to participate in the transaction through a significantly oversubscribed PIPE of approximately $470 million, with 39 total investors including Vector Capital, BlackRock and Neuberger Berman Transaction is expected to close in Q2 2021, upon which Rocket Lab will be publicly listed on the Nasdaq under the ticker RKLB Current Rocket Lab shareholders will own 82% of the pro forma equity of combined company Long Beach, California – 1 March 2021 – Rocket Lab USA, Inc. -
ESPA Ring Datasheet
PAYLOAD ADAPTERS | ESPA ESPA THE EVOLVED SECONDARY PAYLOAD ADAPTER ESPA mounts to the standard NSSL (formerly EELV) interface bolt pattern (Atlas V, Falcon 9, Delta IV, OmegA, Vulcan, Courtesy of Lockheed Martin New Glenn) and is a drop-in component in the launch stack. Small payloads mount to ESPA ports featuring either a Ø15-inch bolt circle with 24 fasteners or a 4-point mount with pads at each corner of a 15-inch square; both of these interfaces have become small satellite standards. ESPA is qualified to carry 567 lbs (257 kg), and a Heavy interface Courtesy of NASA (with Ø5/16” fastener hardware) has been introduced with a capacity of 991 lbs (450 kg). All small satellite mass capabilities require the center of gravity (CG) to be within 20 inches (50.8 cm) of the ESPA port surface. Alternative configurations can be accommodated. ESPA GRANDE ESPA Grande is a more capable version of ESPA with Ø24-inch ports; the ring height is typically 42 inches. The Ø24-inch port has been qualified by test to Courtesy of ORBCOMM & Sierra Nevada Corp. carry small satellites up to 1543 lb (700 kg). ESPA ESPA IS ADAPTABLE TO UNIQUE MISSION REQUIREMENTS • The Air Force’s STP-1 mission delivered multiple small satellites on an Atlas V. • NASA’s Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS): ESPA was the spacecraft hub for the LCROSS shepherding satellite in 2009. • ORBCOMM Generation 2 (OG2) launched stacks of two and three ESPA Grandes on two different Falcon 9 missions and in total deployed 17 satellites. -
Gateway Program Acquisition Strategy Overview
70th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Washington D.C., United States, 21-25 October 2019. Copyright ©2019 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved. IAC-19,E3,6,5,x53831 GATEWAY PROGRAM ACQUISITION STRATEGY OVERVIEW Emma Lehnhardta, Christopher Zavrelb, Nicole Herrmannc a National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, United States, [email protected] b Stellar Solutions Inc, United States, [email protected] c National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Headquarters, United States, [email protected] Abstract This paper will provide an overview of the acquisition strategy for the Gateway Program. The Gateway will be an outpost orbiting the Moon that provides vital support for a sustainable, long-term human return to the lunar surface, as well as a staging point for further deep space exploration. The Gateway will foster U.S. industry and international partnerships and enable multi-discipline utilization. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) will lead this next step and will serve as the integrator of the spaceflight capabilities and contributions of U.S. commercial partners and international partners to develop the Gateway. The Gateway will be developed in a manner that will also allow future capabilities and collaborations with U.S. Government, private sector companies, and international partners. Gateway is embracing innovation and flexibility; both in system architecture and in procurement approach. The Gateway’s agile acquisition strategy will shape the entire system life cycle, from design and analysis through production, verification, launch, logistics and operations. This strategy will encourage new ways of doing business to accommodate new techniques, technologies and approaches; improving affordability and maximizing Gateway utility. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012 February 2013 About FAA About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2013) NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. • i • Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation Dear Colleague, 2012 was a very active year for the entire commercial space industry. In addition to all of the dramatic space transportation events, including the first-ever commercial mission flown to and from the International Space Station, the year was also a very busy one from the government’s perspective. It is clear that the level and pace of activity is beginning to increase significantly.