DOCSLIB.ORG

From Reform to Reduction: Reports on the Management of Navy and Department of Defense Laboratories in the Post-Cold War Era

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
From Reform to Reduction: Reports on the Management of Navy and Department of Defense Laboratories in the Post-Cold War Era From Reform to Reduction: Reports on the Management of Navy and Department of Defense Laboratories in the Post-Cold War Era J. Eric Hazell A joint publication of the National Defense University and the Naval Historical Center Washington, DC 2008 C ONTENTS The Author .....................................................................................................v Acknowledgments .........................................................................................v Foreword .....................................................................................................vii Preface .........................................................................................................ix List of Reports ..............................................................................................xi List of Tables .............................................................................................xvii Introduction ..................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ........................................................................................1 Using this Book .............................................................................................3 Overview of the Navy Laboratory System ........................................................3 Themes and Conclusions................................................................................6 Chapter One — Navy Laboratories at the End of the Cold War ...................11 Starting Points — The Packard Commissions and the Defense Science Board on Technology Base Management ......................... 12 The Second Packard Commission ............................................................ 15 The Defense Science Board on the Technology Base and Laboratory Demonstration Program .................................................. 17 General Overviews of the Technology Base.................................................... 19 Inherently Governmental Functions......................................................... 22 Smart Buyer .......................................................................................... 23 Goldwater-Nichols and the Defense Management Review (DMR) ..................... 24 DMR Implementation ................................................................................... 26 Laboratory Consolidation Studies .................................................................. 32 Laboratory Demonstration Program (LDP) ..................................................... 35 Pre-BRAC Inter-Service Reorganization ......................................................... 36 BRAC 91 ..................................................................................................... 37 The Adolph Commission ............................................................................... 41 Chronology of Navy Warfare Centers/Corporate Lab Standup .......................... 46 Chapter Two — BRAC 1993 and 1995 .........................................................49 Background ................................................................................................ 50 BRAC 93 ..................................................................................................... 51 BRAC 95 ..................................................................................................... 55 Chapter Three — The Triumph of Efficiency ................................................65 Background ................................................................................................ 65 Overview of the Studies ......................................................................... 66 The DSB on Laboratory Management ............................................................ 67 National Science and Technology Council Interagency Review of Federal Laboratories ................................................................................ 70 The Laboratory Infrastructure Capabilities Study ...................................... 70 The Interim Response ............................................................................ 74 The DOD Response ............................................................................... 77 The BRAC 95 Addendum ........................................................................ 80 The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Final Report .............. 81 Defense Conversion ............................................................................... 81 The Commission on Roles and Missions of the Armed Forces (CORM) .............. 82 CORM and Outsourcing Commercial Activities .......................................... 83 The Center for Naval Analyses on Outsourcing .............................................. 85 The DSB’s Unqualified Advocacy of Outsourcing ............................................. 88 Re-Investment and Infrastructure ................................................................. 93 Infrastructure Reduction .............................................................................. 96 Chapter Four — Outsourcing and its Discontents .....................................101 Introduction .............................................................................................. 101 Smaller Equals Better? ............................................................................... 102 Contracts Equal Efficiency?......................................................................... 103 Defense Department Equals Obsolescent? ................................................... 107 The S&T Investment Process...................................................................... 109 Efficiency and Competition ......................................................................... 110 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 114 Chapter Five — Effectiveness Defeated .....................................................117 Introduction .............................................................................................. 117 The Laboratory Community on Barriers to Effectiveness ............................... 118 The Naval Research Advisory Committee ..................................................... 121 Leveling the Playing Field — A Common Financial System ............................ 126 The Laboratory Quality Improvement Program (LQIP) ............................ 127 The LQIP Financial Subpanel Report ..................................................... 127 The Cost-Based Management Tool (CBMT) ............................................ 130 Migrating DOD Labs to a Working Capital Fund ...................................... 132 LDP and LQIP Successes and Failures ......................................................... 134 Other Congressional Attempts at Laboratory Reform .................................... 135 Section 912(c) Technology Leaders Workshop ....................................... 135 Section 246 Pilot Program .................................................................... 135 Other Legislation ................................................................................. 137 Bibliographic Note — Other Studies on Lab/Center Effectiveness ................... 137 Cost Visibility/Comparability Chronology ...................................................... 139 Conclusion .................................................................................................141 Bibliography ..............................................................................................147 Appendix A — Sources on the Management of Navy/DOD RDT&E ...........157 Overview of NRL Archive ............................................................................ 157 Box Index (September 2007) ............................................................... 159 Overview of Cold War-Era RDT&E Management Archive, Naval Historical Center (NHC) ..................................................................... 162 Box Index ........................................................................................... 163 Appendix B — A Brief Overview of the Navy’s Industrial Funding ............169 Acronyms ...................................................................................................171 Index ......................................................................................................175 The Author J. Eric Hazell has been an archivist and historian for the Navy’s laboratory community for 14 years. He has published or co-published articles in the Naval Institute Proceedings, International Journal of Naval History, and Acquisition Review Quarterly (now Defense AR Journal), and written for other publications such as the Philadelphia Inquirer and Landscape Architecture. He received his Ph.D. in history from the University of Maryland, where he also teaches in the Professional Writing Program. He resides in Bowie, Maryland, with his wife and three children. Acknowledgments I wish to thank Dr. Hans Binnendijk, Director of the National Defense Uni- versity’s Center for Technology and National Security Policy, for supporting this project. Rear Admiral Paul E. Tobin, Director of the Naval Historical Center, and Dr. Edward Marolda, the Center’s Senior Historian, both reviewed the manu- script. Lea Chartock, Director of the Professional Writing Program at the Univer- sity of Maryland, offered many helpful editorial suggestions. Kathy Parrish and Donna Gloystein
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Dissolution of States and Membership in the United Nations Michael P
    Cornell International Law Journal Volume 28 Article 2 Issue 1 Winter 1995 Musical Chairs: The Dissolution of States and Membership in the United Nations Michael P. Scharf Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Scharf, Michael P. (1995) "Musical Chairs: The Dissolution of States and Membership in the United Nations," Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 28: Iss. 1, Article 2. Available at: http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cilj/vol28/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Cornell International Law Journal by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Cornell Law: A Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Michael P. Scharf * Musical Chairs: The Dissolution of States and Membership in the United Nations Introduction .................................................... 30 1. Background .............................................. 31 A. The U.N. Charter .................................... 31 B. Historical Precedent .................................. 33 C. Legal Doctrine ....................................... 41 I. When Russia Came Knocking- Succession to the Soviet Seat ..................................................... 43 A. History: The Empire Crumbles ....................... 43 B. Russia Assumes the Soviet Seat ........................ 46 C. Political Backdrop .................................... 47 D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Group of Twenty: a History
    THE GROUP OF TWENTY : A H ISTORY The study of the G-20’s History is revealing. A new institution established less than 10 years ago has emerged as a central player in the global financial architecture and an effective contributor to global economic and financial stability. While some operational challenges persist, as is typical of any new institution, the lessons from the study of the contribution of the G-20 to global economic and financial stability are important. Because of the work of the G-20 we are already witnessing evidence of the benefits of shifting to a new model of multilateral engagement. Excerpt from the closing address of President Mbeki of South Africa to G-20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors, 18 November 2007, Kleinmond, Western Cape. 2 Table of Contents Excerpt from a Speech by President Mbeki....................................................................2 Executive Summary...........................................................................................................5 The Group of Twenty: a History ......................................................................................7 Preface............................................................................................................................7 Background....................................................................................................................8 The G-22 .............................................................................................................12 The G-33 .............................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • Realpolitik: a History Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    REALPOLITIK: A HISTORY PDF, EPUB, EBOOK John Bew | 408 pages | 21 Jan 2016 | Oxford University Press | 9780199331932 | English | Oxford, United Kingdom Realpolitik: A History PDF Book Read an excerpt of this book! Retrieved 13 August Williams September Community Reviews. Remove the threat, punish the enemy militarily and economically, but do not leave a vacuum of power. According to Kenneth Paul Tan of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, "Chua Beng Huat [27] argued that the rhetoric of pragmatism in Singapore is ideological and hegemonic in nature, adopted and disseminated in the public sphere by the People's Action Party PAP government and institutionalized throughout the state in all its administrative, planning and policy-making functions. Realpolitik is a word that most of us have at least heard of, but did not really understand what it is, muchless what it isn't. London: Yale University Press. Foundations of Realpolitik emphasizes the importance of ideas and idealism as forces of change and transformation 5. However, it should not do so in a way that destabilized those authoritarian regimes that were friendly to the United States, particularly if this meant that they fell into the hands of communists. Jul 05, Michael Marstellar rated it it was amazing. Kissinger said many times he was not Realpolitik, but as a realist with a German accent how could he be anything else. Whereas Realpolitik refers to political practice, the concept of political realism in international relations refers to a theoretical framework aimed at offering explanations for events in the international relations domain. Rose Deller March 16th, Associated with great thinkers from Machiavelli to Kissinger, it is deeply rooted in the history of diplomacy yet also remains strikingly relevant to debates on contemporary foreign policy in the Obama administration today.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Full Manuscript Revised 2011V2
    Regime Transition and Foreign Policy: The Case of Russia’s Approach to Central Asia (1991-2008) Glen Hazelton A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand June 2011 Abstract In 1991, Russian embarked on an ambitious regime transition to transform the country from communism to democracy. This would be a massive transformation, demanding economic, political, institutional, and social change. It was also expected that the transition would result in significant foreign policy adaptation, as Russia’s identity, direction and fundamental basis for policy-making was transformed. However, it was an unknown quantity how transition in the domestic environment would interact with foreign policy and what the nature of these changes would be. This thesis examines the relationship between regime transition and Russia’s foreign policy. It begins with an examination of literature on regime transition and the types of changes that potentially impact policy-making in a democratising state. It then moves to examining the policy environment and its impact on the contours of policy in each of the Yeltsin and Putin periods, drawing links between domestic changes and their expression in foreign policy. How these changes were expressed specifically is demonstrated through a case study of Russia’s approach to Central Asia through the Yeltsin and Putin periods. The thesis finds clearly that a domestic transitional politics was a determining factor in the nature, substance and style of Russia’s foreign relations. Under Yeltsin, sustained economic decline, contested visions of what Russia’s future should be and where its interests lay, as well as huge institutional flux, competition, an unstructured expansion of interests, conflict, and the inability to function effectively led to an environment of policy politicisation, inconsistency, and turmoil.
    [Show full text]
  • Musical Legacies of State Socialism Revisiting Narratives About Post-World War II Europe International Conference
    Српска академија наука и уметности Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Београд, 24-26. септембар 2015. Belgrade, 24-26 September 2015 Музиколошки институт САНУ Institute of Musicology SASA Одељење ликовне и музичке уметности Department of Fine Arts and Music САНУ SASA RЕЕМ Студијска група за руску и REEM Study Group for Russian and источно-европску музику Британске Eastern European Music of the British асоцијације за словенске и Association for Russian and East European источноевропске студије Studies (BASEES) Музичко наслеђе државног социјализма Преиспитивање наратива о послератној Европи Међународни научни скуп Српска академија наука и уметности, Београд, 24–26. септембар 2015. Musical legacies of state socialism Revisiting narratives about post-World War II Europe International conference Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 24–26 September 2015 ПРОГРАМСКИ ОДБОР Академик Дејан Деспић, САНУ Проф. др Марина Фролова-Вокер, Универзитет у Кембриџу Проф. др Кети Роману, Европски универзитет на Кипру Проф. др Леон Стефанија, Универзитет у Љубљани др Патрик Зук, Универзитет у Дараму; REEM/BASEES др Данијела Шпирић-Бирд, Универзитет у Кардифу; REEM/BASEES др Ана Петров, Универзитет у Бањој Луци др Мелита Милин, Музиколошки институт САНУ др Катарина Томашевић, Музиколошки институт САНУ др Весна Пено, Музиколошки институт САНУ др Александар Васић, Музиколошки институт САНУ др Ивана Медић, Музиколошки институт САНУ; REEM/BASEES др Срђан Атанасовски, Музиколошки институт САНУ CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Academician Dejan Despić, SASA Prof. Dr. Marina Frolova-Walker, University of Cambridge Prof. Dr. Katy Romanou, European University Cyprus Prof. Dr. Leon Stefanija, University of Ljubljana Dr. Patrick Zuk, Durham University; REEM/BASEES Dr. Danijela Špirić-Beard, Cardiff University; REEM/BASEES Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • G20 Performance and Prospects, 2008–2021
    G20 Performance and Prospects, 2008–2021 John Kirton, G20 Research Group Lecture to the National Defence College of Oman, Muscat, Oman, February 18, 2021. Version of March 4, 2021. Introduction Today’s Group of Twenty (G20) systemically significant states was created in 1999 as an informal international institution of finance ministers and central bank governors (Kirton 2013). It arose in response to the Asian-turned-global financial crisis of 1997 to 1999, with which the established multilateral organizations from the 1940s could not cope. It became a leaders’ level summit in 2008, in response to the faster, broader, deeper American-turned-global financial crisis erupting then. It has now become the central global summit institution governing the much larger COVID-19-catalyzed crises that emerged in 2020 and that still dominate our lives today. It is thus of vital importance to our human and national security to know what the G20 is, how well it has worked, why it has done so and how it can be made to work better in the months and years ahead. For this lecture I will thus examine the G20’s creation, institutional evolution, performance, their propellers, and my proposals for reform. This lecture draws from, among other sources, research reproduced in the appendices to this text. I will argue that the G20 has become the central, increasingly successful, global governance institution, capable of handling the unprecedented, interconnected crises we face today. But it can be, and must be, made to work better now, for the deadly global challenges we face are growing faster than the G20’s performance is.
    [Show full text]
  • International Economic Governance: Last Chance for the G20?
    Briefing Paola Subacchi and Stephen Pickford International Economics Department | November 2015 International Economic Governance: Last Chance for the G20? Summary • The IMF and World Bank are still dominated and a shift away from multilateralism. In the by the United States, despite the growing process there is the risk that the G20, IMF and importance of emerging markets such as China World Bank will become less effective, further and India in the global economy. hastening fragmentation. • The more prominent role of the G20 since 2008 • There is a role in the international economic was intended to signal a shift in the balance system both for the G20 and the Bretton Woods of influence towards emerging markets, but institutions, and they are at their most effective the slow pace of reforms to the governance when they work together. But the impasse over of international financial institutions has reforms, especially at the IMF, threatens to hindered this. damage them. • The large emerging markets have responded • Individually and collectively, G20 members have by establishing new institutions, and China is a crucial role to play in modernizing international promoting the use of the renminbi in a multi- economic governance. Necessary steps include currency international monetary system. a change in the US position on IMF quotas, G7 support for emerging-market initiatives, • The United States has opposed many of these engagement by BRICS countries in efforts to make initiatives, and remains unwilling to ratify the G20 more effective, and committed leadership governance reforms at the IMF. This stand-off from China during its G20 presidency in 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Surface, Italian Foreign Policy the Head of Government, the Prime
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2003-06 Italian foreign policy: trends for the twenty-first century Faherty, Douglas M. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/989 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS ITALIAN FOREIGN POLICY: TRENDS FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY by Douglas M. Faherty June 2003 Thesis Advisor: Donald Abenheim Second Reader: Daniel J. Moran Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2003 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: Italian Foreign Policy: 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Trends for the Twenty-First Century 6. AUTHOR Douglas M. Faherty 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9.
    [Show full text]
  • The World in 2050 Will the Shift in Global Economic Power Continue?
    The World in 2050 Will the shift in global economic power continue? February 2015 www.pwc.co.uk/economics The World in 2050 Contents 1. Summary: The world in 2050 1 1.1. Highlights 1 1.2. Key findings: GDP projections to 2050 1 1.3. Implications for business strategy 4 2. Introduction 6 2.1. Background to the ‘World in 2050’ reports 6 2.2. Our modelling approach 6 2.3. What has changed since the January 2013 update? 7 2.4. Structure of this report 7 3. Key results 8 3.1. Relative size of the economies 8 3.2. Projected real GDP growth 17 3.3. Relative income levels 21 3.4. Scenario analysis 22 4. Institutional challenges and business implications 25 4.1. Escaping the middle income trap – the critical role of institutions 25 4.2. Implications for business strategy 30 Appendices 34 Appendix A: Drivers of growth 35 Appendix B: Additional projections for GDP at market exchange rates 40 Authors, contacts and services 43 Will the shift in global economic power continue? PwC Contents The World in 2050 1. Summary: The world in 2050 1.1. Highlights In our latest World in 2050 report we present economic growth projections for 32 of the largest economies in the world, accounting for around 84% of global GDP. We project the world economy to grow at an average of just over 3% per annum in the period 2014 – 50, doubling in size by 2037 and nearly tripling by 2050. But we expect a slowdown in global growth after 2020, as the rate of expansion in China and some other major emerging economies moderates to a more sustainable long-term rate, and as working age population growth slows in many large economies.
    [Show full text]
  • Meeting Notes 1999-10-14 [Part B]
    Portland State University PDXScholar Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation Oregon Sustainable Community Digital Library 10-14-1999 Meeting Notes 1999-10-14 [Part B] Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/oscdl_jpact Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation, "Meeting Notes 1999-10-14 [Part B] " (1999). Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation. 282. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/oscdl_jpact/282 This Minutes is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Columbia River Channel Deepening Project Columbia About the Columbia River Channel Coalition River Mission Our mission is to build public consensus for an O economically viable and environmentally sound plan to deepen and maintain the Columbia and Willamette deep- draft federal navigation channels to accommodate larger Channel Coalition ships and enhance trade and job opportunities. Advocating for trade and The proposed project is critical to our trade and transportation transportation infrastructure to preserve the Columbia River Founded by Lower infrastructure system as an international gateway. The Corps of Engineers Columbia River estimates the project will provide an average $34.4 million Maritime annual transportation savings based on the economies of Ports scale that occur when deeper draft vessels carry more tonnage per vessel. Oregon Port of Astoria Building support across The coalition is building support from business, labor, Port of Portland the region and nation citizen groups and community leaders.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Power Transitions: Strategies for the 21St Century 1St
    POWER TRANSITIONS: STRATEGIES FOR THE 21ST CENTURY 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE BOOK Ronald L Tammen | --- | --- | --- | 9781889119434 | --- | --- A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower Marine Corps said:. Article Navigation. After spending the last several weeks dealing with the coronavirus crisis, the Indian government has started refocusing on its development agenda. Retail SaaS Pitchfest Online. The carrot is access to India's markets and investments, and the stick Power Transitions: Strategies For the 21st Century 1st edition no access. The general trend is that a nation achieves hegemonic power and then is challenged by a great power. This item doesn't belong on this page. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of YourStory. Blending quantitative and traditional analyses, theory and practice, history and informed predictions, Power Transitions draws a map of the new world that will stimulate, provoke, and offer solutions. Lineberry, M. Scope and standards of practice: School nursing 2 nd ed. Issue Section:. Tammen, Douglas Lemke and Allan C. Namespaces Article Talk. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. The United States places at risk its opportunity to remain the world's pre-eminent nation by focusing all of its energy, time and capabilities on the war against terrorism and on its ancillary action in Iraq, despite compelling reasons otherwise. Posted by. Selekman Power Transitions: Strategies For the 21st Century 1st edition. State Department and the U. Coast Guard cutter Douglas Munro shuttled more than 80 tons of humanitarian relief supplies from Singapore to the Navy amphibious assault ship Bonhomme Richard for distribution to tsunami victims in northern Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • {DOWNLOAD} Oman, UAE & Arabian Peninsula Ebook
    OMAN, UAE & ARABIAN PENINSULA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Lonely Planet,Jenny Walker,Anthony Ham,Andrea Schulte-Peevers | 480 pages | 04 Oct 2016 | Lonely Planet Global Limited | 9781786571045 | English | Dublin 8, Ireland Arabian Peninsula - Wikipedia Iraq occupies an area of about , square miles and a 36 mile-long coastline on the Persian Gulf. Jordan is an autonomous Arab nation which is on the eastern bank of river Jordan in Western Asia. Jordan has a small coastline with the Red Sea while the Dead Sea is on its western boundary. It is on the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Amman is the cultural, political and economic center of the country. Jordan occupies an area of about 34, square miles and has a population of over 10 milion people. Kuwait shares a border with Saudi Arabia and Iraq. The country has over 4. Oil reserves were discovered in Iraq annexed Kuwait in Oman is an independent Arab state which is on the southeastern parts of Arabia in Asia. It is an Islamic state which has a strategically crucial position at the Persian Gulf. Oman shares a maritime boundary with Pakistan and Iran. Oman occupies an area of about , square miles and has over 4. A significant percentage of their economy depends on the trade of dates, numerous agricultural produces and fish, and tourism. Oman has the twenty-fifth largest oil reserves on earth. Qatar is an independent nation which is in the Qatar peninsula. Qatar is on the northeastern parts of Arabia and occupies an area of about 4, square miles. Its only land boundary is with Saudi Arabia while the Persian Gulf engulfs the rest of the state.
    [Show full text]