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Epithet Character Epithet Character EPITHET PRACTICE DIRECTIONS: Using the list of characters from the Iliad , try to match the character to the descriptive epithet completing the chart below EPITHET CHARACTER EPITHET CHARACTER old, Dardanian great-hearted, noble swift-footed, lion-hearted Argive, fair-haired laughter-loving, golden red-haired, spear-famed grey-eyed, driver of the violent, manslaughtering spoil Alexandros, woman-mad gigantic, swift wide-ruling, lord of men Tydides, tamer of horses earth-shaking, earth-encircling silver-footed sweet-spoken, Gerenian wide-seeing, cloud-gathering horseman Phoebus, of the silver bow ox-eyed, white-armed Interactive game can be accessed at: www.sporcle.com/games/AdamBishop/EpithetsIliad PART II. DIRECTIONS: Find three lines from the Iliad containing an epithet. Include the Book and Line number EX. 1: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ EX. 2: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ EX. 3: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction to the Dactylic Hexameter The Tradition of the Dactylic Hexameter: Before plunging into the technical details, a few introductory words are in order. Greek and Latin poems follow certain rhythmic schemes, or meters , which are sometimes highly defined and very strict, sometimes less so. Epic poetry from Homer on was recit ed in a particular meter called the dactylic hexameter . Dactylic Hexameter Means: A dactyl is a finger . Look how there is a long part followed by two short parts on an average finger. Ironically, the word dactyl is being used to describe a poetic ‘foot ’ which is an arrangement of a long syllable (noted as ), followed by two short syllables ( ) (or, a long syllable followed by another long syllable…but please read on). Each line of dactylic (fingerlike) hexameter (measured into 6) consists of 6 ‘feet’ as you can see in the illustration below. Each foot will be either a dactyl (long-short -short) or a spondee (long-long). The poet will mix and match these two options throughout the 6 feet in a line of dactylic hexameter for rhythmic effect but keep readi ng: there are a few more rules to learn before you start: 1. The last foot (the anceps) always consists of two syllables so mark it so immediately . You can regard the very last syllable as an unknown vowel length and mark it as an X (it will normally be pronounced long no matter what) 2. The second to last foot is almost always a dactyl so mark it so immediately 3. The first syllable of every line of poetry is long no -matter-what so mark it so immediately . 4. The thesis (first syllable) of a foot is alway s long 5. The arsis (the second half) of a foot will either be one long or two shorts: there can be no mixing and matching in the second half of the foot. Figure B. Idealized hexameter verse. DIRECTIONS : Here are three lines of dactylic hexameter poetry by Charles Kingsley. Scan each line using the marks as explained above: Teacher of wisdom to heroes, bestower of might in the battle; Share not the cunning of Hermes, nor list to the songs of Apollo, Fe aring the stars of the sky, and the roll of the blue salt water. COMPARING EPIC SIMILES DIRECTIONS : Complete the chart to compare and contrast the epic simile describing Achilles in Book 22, lines 59 -64, with the one describing Hector in lines 258-261. Then complete the TYPE 2 WRITING prompt. ACHILLES HECTOR SIMILARITIES TYPE 2 WRITING PROMPT: In what way do the similarities and differences between these 2 similes reflect the qualities of each warrior? Provide 2-3 reasons in support. ______ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Iliad – Character Crossword Character List: • Achilles • Agamemnon • Andromache • Aphrodite • Apollo • Athena • Calchas • Chryses • Hector • Hecuba • Helen • Hera • Menelaus • Nestor • Paris • Patroclus • Priam • Thetis • Zeus ACROSS DOWN 1 Queen of Troy 2 Great warrior who leads the Myrmidons 3 Priest of Apollo who begs Agamemnon for his daughter’s return 4 Wife of Hector and princess of Troy 5 Elderly king of Troy 7 Prince of Troy and leader of Trojan forces 6 Goddess of war, wisdom, and crafts; supports Achaeans 8 Elder statesman and advisor for Achaeans 9 Seer and prophet 10 Goddess of love, mainly physical 11 Queen of gods; goddess of childbirth attraction and the resulting lust; and marriage; supports Achaeans supports Trojans 13 Friend (lover?) of Achilles 12 The god of archery, prophecy, music, 14 In overall command of Achaean forces the sun, and youth; sent plague on 17 King of Sparta and husband to Helen Achaean army 18 Sea nymph, goddess, and mother of 15 Prince of Troy who abducted Helen Achilles 16 Wife of Menelaus; abducted by Paris 19 King of gods; god of sky, thunder, storm TYPE 3 WRITING PROMPT: Discuss the ancient Greek culture, analyzing how Homer’s characters of the Iliad , Achilles, Agamemnon, and Hector, reflect their values, meeting the following FCA’S: FCA #1: Include an introductory paragraph using the IPA approach and following the 3 rules to the claim (thesis) statement that contains the Author, Title , and Statement of analysis (A.T.S) (35 PTS) FCA #2: Textual evidence, 3-4 quotes, from the Iliad displaying a value of ancient Greek culture in the character (45 PTS) FCA #3 : Use 2-3 epithets in the context of your essay, underlining each …………. (20 PTS) Inverted Pyramid Approach A broad focus to open Intro. leads or funnels the reader to the focus of the essay Clearly stated, focused Thesis Statement (What are you claiming?) Three Rules of the Thesis Statement (the Claim) 1. Should be the last sentence of your introductory paragraph 2. Don’t add useless words to the thesis, just make a statement ex. ( I think…, My paper will…, The paper will prove…, ) 3. It should remain flexible until the end of the writing process ** see graphic organizer on next page ** TYPE 3 WRITING GRAPHIC ORGANIZER FOR THE ILIAD GREEK ANCIENT CULTURE 1. Physical Bravery & Skill AGAMEMNON HECTOR 2. Intelligence & Honor 3. Reverence for the Gods MEANING MEANING ACHILLES MEANING .
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