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Duke University Dissertation Template
A Sea of Debt: Histories of Commerce and Obligation in the Indian Ocean, c. 1850-1940 by Fahad Ahmad Bishara Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Engseng Ho, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Janet J. Ewald ___________________________ Timur Kuran ___________________________ Bruce S. Hall ___________________________ Jonathan K. Ocko Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2012 i v ABSTRACT A Sea of Debt: Histories of Commerce and Obligation in the Indian Ocean, c. 1850-1940 by Fahad Ahmad Bishara Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Engseng Ho, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Janet J. Ewald ___________________________ Timur Kuran ___________________________ Bruce S. Hall ___________________________ Jonathan K. Ocko An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2012 Copyright by Fahad Ahmad Bishara 2012 ABSTRACT This dissertation is a legal history of debt and economic life in the Indian Ocean during the nineteenth and early-twentieth century. It draws on materials from Bahrain, Muscat, Bombay, Zanzibar and London to examine how members of an ocean-wide commercial society constructed relationships of economic mutualism with one another by mobilizing debt and credit. It further explores how they expressed their debt relationships through legal idioms, and how they mobilized commercial and legal instruments to adapt to the emergence of modern capitalism in the region. -
William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) Und Ludwig Von Höhnel (1857-1942) Und Afrika“
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) und Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) und Afrika“ Verfasser Dr. Franz Kotrba Angestrebter akademischer Grad Magister der Philosphie aus der Studienrichtung Geschichte Wien, im September 2008 Studienrichtung A 312 295 Betreuer: Univ. Prof. Dr. Walter Sauer Für Irene, Paul und Stefanie Inhaltsverzeichnis William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) und Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) und Afrika Vorbemerkung………………………………………………………………………..2 1. Einleitung…………………………………………………………………………..6 2. Höhnel und Afrika……………………………………………………………...13 3. William Astor Chanler und Afrika…………………………………………..41 4. Der historische Hintergrund. Der Sultan von Zanzibar verliert sein Land, 1886-1895…………………………………………………………………………...56 5. Jagdreise um den Kilimanjaro…………………………………………….…83 6. Chanlers und Höhnels „Forschungsreise“ 1893/4. Eine Episode in der frühen Kolonialgeschichte Kenyas. 6.1. Motivation und Zielsetzung……………………………………………….114 6.2. Kenya Anfang der 1890er Jahre…………………………………………124 6.3. Der Tana River – ein Weg zur Erschließung British Ostafrikas?...134 6.4. Zum geheimnisvollen Lorian See………………………………………..153 6.5. Die Menschen am Lorian………………………………………………….161 6.6. Im Lande der Meru………………………………………………………….164 6.7. Nach Norden zu Rendile und Wanderobo……………………………..175 6.8. Forschungsreise als Kriegszug…………………………………………..185 6.9. Scheitern einer Forschungsexpedition…………………………………195 7. Resume…………………………………………………………………………205 8. Bibliographie………………………………………………………………....210 9. Anhang 9.1. Inhaltsangabe/Abstract……………………………………………………228 -
Edinburgh Research Explorer
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Edinburgh Research Explorer Edinburgh Research Explorer From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia Citation for published version: Dritsas, L 2005, 'From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 ' British Journal for the History of Science, vol 38, no. 1, pp. 35-52. DOI: 10.1017/S0007087404006454 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1017/S0007087404006454 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: British Journal for the History of Science Publisher Rights Statement: ©Dritsas, L. (2005). From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 . British Journal for the History of Science, 38(1), 35-52doi: 10.1017/S0007087404006454 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. -
Age and Area Cambjiidge University Press C
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES S02842957 This book is due on the date indicated unless recalled by the Libraries. Books not returned on time are subject to replacement charges. Borrowers may access their library accounts at: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ads/borrow.html AGE AND AREA CAMBJIIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS C. F. CLAY, Manager LONDON : FETTER LANE, E.G. 4 LONDON : H. K. LEWIS AND CO.. Ltd., 136, Gower Street, AV.C. I LONDON: WHELDON AND WESLEY. Ltd.. 28. Essex Street, Strand. W.C. 2 NEW YORK: THE MACMILLANCO. BOMBAY \ CALCUTTA \ MACMILLAN ANDCO.. Ltd. MADRAS J TORONTO : THE MACMH,LAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd. TOKYO : MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA ALL BIGHTS KESER\-ED AGE AND AREA A STUDY IN GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY J. C. WILLIS M.A., Sc.D., Hon. ScD. (Harvard), F.R.S. European Correspondent, late Director, Botanic Gardens, Rio de Janeiro WITH CHAPTERS BY HUGO DE VRIES, F.M.R.S. H. B. GUPPY, M.B., F.R.S. Mrs E. M. REID, B.Sc, F.L.S. JAMES SMALL, D.Sc, F.L.S. [These authors are not committed, by writing these chapters, to the support of all the doctrines here advanced] CAMBRIDGE AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1922 ^ ,% ^y^h a 4 PREFACE Some thirty years ago, a pupil of the strictest school of natural selection, and enthusiastic in my belief in its principles, I set out upon a course of independent observation of nature. Ten years of such work convinced me that a simpler explanation of phenomena was always to be found, and one that seemed more in accordance with the facts; and I endeavoured—with what success this book will show—to free myself from the trammels of the natural selection theory, and to work as if I had found myself in another planet where scientific investigation was just begin- ning. -
Dritsas, Lawrence. from Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a Geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858-64
Dritsas, Lawrence. From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858-64. British Journal for the History of Science. 38(1): 35–52, March 2005. DOI: 10.1017/S0007087404006454 This is a PDF of an article accepted for inclusion in the British Journal for the History of Science , published by Cambridge University Press following peer review. The publisher-authenticated version is available online at http://journals.cambridge.org/ . This online paper must be cited in line with the usual academic conventions. This article is protected under full copyright law. You may download it for your own personal use only. Edinburgh Research Archive: www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk Contact: [email protected] BJHS 38(1): 35–52, March 2005. f British Society for the History of Science DOI: 10.1017/S0007087404006454 From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 LAWRENCE DRITSAS* Abstract. This paper is about collecting, travel and the geographies of science. At one level it examines the circumstances that led to Isaac Lea’s description in Philadelphia of six freshwater mussel shells of the family Unionidae, originally collected by John Kirk during David Livingstone’s Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64. At another level it is about how travel is necess- ary in the making of scientific knowledge. Following these shells from south-eastern Africa to Philadelphia via London elucidates the journeys necessary for Kirk and Lea’s scientific work to progress and illustrates that the production of what was held to be malacological knowledge occurred through collaborative endeavours that required the travel of the specimens them- selves. -
A History of Nairobi, Capital of Kenya
....IJ .. Kenya Information Dept. Nairobi, Showing the Legislative Council Building TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preface. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 Chapter I. Pre-colonial Background • • • • • • • • • • 4 II. The Nairobi Area. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 29 III. Nairobi from 1896-1919 •• • • • • • • • • • 50 IV. Interwar Nairobi: 1920-1939. • • • • • • • 74 V. War Time and Postwar Nairobi: 1940-1963 •• 110 VI. Independent Nairobi: 1964-1966 • • • • • • 144 Appendix • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 168 Bibliographical Note • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 179 Bibliography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 182 iii PREFACE Urbanization is the touchstone of civilization, the dividing mark between raw independence and refined inter dependence. In an urbanized world, countries are apt to be judged according to their degree of urbanization. A glance at the map shows that the under-developed countries are also, by and large, rural. Cities have long existed in Africa, of course. From the ancient trade and cultural centers of Carthage and Alexandria to the mediaeval sultanates of East Africa, urban life has long existed in some degree or another. Yet none of these cities changed significantly the rural character of the African hinterland. Today the city needs to be more than the occasional market place, the seat of political authority, and a haven for the literati. It remains these of course, but it is much more. It must be the industrial and economic wellspring of a large area, perhaps of a nation. The city has become the concomitant of industrialization and industrialization the concomitant 1 2 of the revolution of rising expectations. African cities today are largely the products of colonial enterprise but are equally the measure of their country's progress. The city is witness everywhere to the acute personal, familial, and social upheavals of society in the process of urbanization. -
Sir Arthur Hill, KCMG
No. 3760, NovEMBER 22, 1941' NATURE 619 OBITUARIES Sir Arthur Hill, K.C.M.G., F.R.S. the time of his death an entirely new revision of the HE tragic death of Sir Arthur Hill, director of genus Nototriche to be illustrated by an elaborate T the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in a riding series of drawings. accident on November 3, is not only a disaster for the The appointment to Kew as assistant director Gardens, but also a great loss to the many societies, 1mder Sir David Prain we,s made in 1907. Hill was institutions and Government departments of which allotted a number of routine duties including the he was the chief representative of official botany for editorship of the Kew Bulletin, but in spite of these Great Britain. The twenty-odd years during which he was able to continue research and he published he was director saw a tremendous advance in the several taxonomic revisions and other papers. He progress of botanical science in all its branches, and took a share in the preparation of the great African it was ·natural that Kew should play a prominent part Floras published from Kew, namely "The Flora in many of the activities characteristic of this period. Capensis" and "The Flora of Tropical Africa". For Arthur William Hill was born on October ll, both of these he elaborated the difficult family 187 5, and was the only son of Daniel Hill, of Watford. Santalacere, which entailed careful dissection of small H e was educated at Marlborough and at King's and inconspicuous flowers, and for "The Flora College, Cambridge, where h e obtained a first class Capensis" he prepared (in collaboration with Pra.in) in both Part I and Part II of the Natural Sciences the article on the Gentiana.cere. -
Editorial This Issue Contains a Profile of John Stevens Henslow, Darwin’S Cambridge Friend and Mentor (Page 4)
THE LINNEAN 1 Editorial This issue contains a profile of John Stevens Henslow, Darwin’s Cambridge friend and mentor (page 4). Henslow was not only responsible for Darwin’s appointment to HMS Beagle but also arranged to receive all tlie collected material shipped home to Cambridge. Moreover at the conclusion of the voyage he arranged for Darwin to be given a Treasury grant of &I,000 towards the publication of his zoological fiiidings. During the entire five years of the Beagle s voyage, Henslow corresponded with Darwin proffering advice and guidance and later publishing some of Darwin’s geological observations in the Cambridge Philosophical Society Proceedings.’ Darwin’s great debt of gratitude to Henslow is quite apparent from the tone of his letters to his old tutor: “I always like advice from you, and no one whom I have the luck to know is more capable of giving it than yourself. Recollect, when you write, that I am a sort ofprotkgge‘of yours, and that it is your bounden duty to lecture me.” (Devonport, Dec. 3 1831) “I will say farewell, till the day arrives when I shall see my Master in Natural History and can tell him how grateful I feel for his kindness and friendship.” (Sydney, Jan. 1836) And then when telling Henslow about his geological specimens: “My dear Henslow, I do long to see you, you have been the kindest friend to me that ever man possessed.” (Shrewsbury, Oct. 6 1836) The year after the Beagle ’s return Henslow was appointed rector of Hitcham, Suffolk (1837) and from that point onwards as Darwin noted: “he cared somewhat less about science and more for his parishioners.” Finally, in the last year of his life, Henslow came to the assistance of his student one last time by acting as Chairman of the 1860 British Association meeting at which Huxley (and Hooker and Lubbock) took up the cudgel on Darwin’s behalf. -
From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a Geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 ', British Journal for the History of Science, Vol
Edinburgh Research Explorer From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia Citation for published version: Dritsas, L 2005, 'From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 ', British Journal for the History of Science, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 35-52. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087404006454 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1017/S0007087404006454 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: British Journal for the History of Science Publisher Rights Statement: ©Dritsas, L. (2005). From Lake Nyassa to Philadelphia: a geography of the Zambesi Expedition, 1858–64 . British Journal for the History of Science, 38(1), 35-52doi: 10.1017/S0007087404006454 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 The British Journal for the History of Science http://journals.cambridge.org/BJH Additional services -
William Bateson: Scientific Correspondence and Papers (MS Add.8634)
Cambridge University Library, Department of Archives and Modern Manuscripts Finding Aid - William Bateson: Scientific Correspondence and Papers (MS Add.8634) Generated by Access to Memory (AtoM) 2.4.0 Printed: February 27, 2019 Language of description: English Cambridge University Library, Department of Archives and Modern Manuscripts https://archive.lib.cam.ac.uk/index.php/william-bateson-scientific-correspondence-and-papers William Bateson: Scientific Correspondence and Papers Table of contents Summary information .................................................................................................................................... 20 Administrative history / Biographical sketch ................................................................................................ 20 Scope and content ......................................................................................................................................... 20 Notes .............................................................................................................................................................. 21 Access points ................................................................................................................................................. 21 Collection holdings ........................................................................................................................................ 22 MS Add.8634/A.1-A.84, Biographical papers (c.1859-1935 & 1972) ..................................................... -
{Dоwnlоаd/Rеаd PDF Bооk} the Last Slave Market: Dr John Kirk and The
THE LAST SLAVE MARKET: DR JOHN KIRK AND THE STRUGGLE TO END THE EAST AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Alastair Hazell | 384 pages | 21 Jun 2012 | Little, Brown Book Group | 9781780336572 | English | London, United Kingdom Witness for the prosecution | The Spectator Bueni Jumbe bought me and she is very kind and considerate. I trust she will allow me to go to Zanzibar[. Furthermore, by clearly identifying her kinship relation to her uncle, Wamendoa also testifies to the dominant matrilineal descent system that prevailed on Ngazidja. Mrendewa bint Junibauma. She was an old friend of mine. Without knowing what precise term Wamendoa may have used to describe the status of these individuals, the translation suggests that they probably belonged to one of the two categories of slaves warumwa who were natives of Ngazidja. Regarding the indigenous bonded population of the island, some clarification is provided by a man named Shangana bin Mwalimu, who had been an official under Msafumu, but who had defected to the side of Said Ali. Thus, even though these Ngazidjans may not have been considered to be free at home, they were protected from sale by the social contract that obtained among the free-born elite of that island. It was this contractual protection that was shattered by the warfare of the early s. In her deposition 64 , she declares:. I was born at Hansambo near Hsandaa [Itsandra]. I am seventeen years old. I have lived there all my life. For the last three years I have lived alone with my widowed mother. My father, Fundi Baja Wahalii was a maker of native furniture and lamps. -
Downloaded from Brill.Com09/28/2021 11:42:08PM Via Free Access Chronology—Timeline 199
appendix 7 Chronology—Timeline Azanian Trio Timeline Pharaoh Sahure (2553–2541B.C.) conducted maritime expedition on East African coast.1 c. 1493/2B.C. Pharaoh Hatsheput expedition to Punt.2 Late 8th–early 7th centuries B.C. Minean Mukarribs Yathʿamar and Kariba-il.3 c. 750B.C. Sabaean Kingdom 1st period.4 c. 700B.C. Minaean Kingdom with centre in Jawf. Capital Qarnaw.5 Pre 700B.C. Ausan traded with E.A. Coast.6 c. 610B.C. Sabaean Kingdom 2nd period.7 Capital Maʾrib. Pre 550B.C. Minneans conquered by Saba.8 c. 550B.C. Arabs from Yemen cross Red Sea and settle in Habash9 c. 510B.C. Egyptian voyages to Punt.10 c. 450B.C. Mālik Kariba-il Watar.11 Ḥaḍramawt Kingdom. Capital Shabwah.12 c. 400B.C. Qataban Kingdom. Capital Tamnaʿ (Kuḥlan)13 1 R. Hennig, Terrae Incognitae. Eine Zusammenstellung und kritische Bewertung der wichtig- sten vorcolumbischen Entdeckungsreisen an Hand der darüber vorliegenden Originalbe- richte. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1944, vol. 1, pp. 5–13; Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 34. 2 Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 34. 3 Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 52. Sabaean period 750–115B.C.; Minaean c. 700–200B.C.; Qataban c. 400–50B.C.; Ḥaḍramawt c. 450B.C.–100A.D. Huzayyin 1941 p. 33. 4 Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 52. 5 Hitti, History of the Arabs, pp. 52, 54f. 6 Gray, History of Zanzibar, p. 11. 7 Hitti, History of the Arabs, p. 54. 8 Huzayyin 1941 p. 34. 9 G.S.P. Freeman-Grenville, Chronology of African History.