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THE LAST SLAVE MARKET: DR JOHN KIRK AND THE STRUGGLE TO END THE EAST AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Alastair Hazell | 384 pages | 21 Jun 2012 | Little, Brown Book Group | 9781780336572 | English | London, United Kingdom Witness for the prosecution | The Spectator Bueni Jumbe bought me and she is very kind and considerate. I trust she will allow me to go to Zanzibar[. Furthermore, by clearly identifying her kinship relation to her uncle, Wamendoa also testifies to the dominant matrilineal descent system that prevailed on Ngazidja. Mrendewa bint Junibauma. She was an old friend of mine. Without knowing what precise term Wamendoa may have used to describe the status of these individuals, the translation suggests that they probably belonged to one of the two categories of slaves warumwa who were natives of Ngazidja. Regarding the indigenous bonded population of the island, some clarification is provided by a man named Shangana bin Mwalimu, who had been an official under Msafumu, but who had defected to the side of Said Ali. Thus, even though these Ngazidjans may not have been considered to be free at home, they were protected from sale by the social contract that obtained among the free-born elite of that island. It was this contractual protection that was shattered by the warfare of the early s. In her deposition 64 , she declares:. I was born at Hansambo near Hsandaa [Itsandra]. I am seventeen years old. I have lived there all my life. For the last three years I have lived alone with my widowed mother. My father, Fundi Baja Wahalii was a maker of native furniture and lamps. He died four years ago. He was Liwali of Hansambo under Moosa Fum. They will belong to me. They are let to free people who pay rent in kind. I am an only child. We were not much troubled by the war for we were well off and the village people are fishermen. One day while she was at prayer the Johanna soldiers of Sayyid Ali came down on the village and seized without warning every girl in the school. My mother and the parents of some of the other girls followed the soldiers crying. My mother begged the soldiers not to ship me as I was her only child and she was old. There were about thirty of us altogether. We girls were placed by ourselves and were all crying. When we left we were all very sick so that we said little to each other. That night a gale came on and we were blown out to sea and some days afterwards we arrived at Mohilla without food or water. The moment they were out of sight, I and four of my companions jumped overboard and waded on shore and ran inland till we came to some woods. Towards evening we met a man who stopped us and asked who we were. We told him the truth and he said he would take us to a friend who would protect us from being retaken. He took us to Doani 66 and gave us over to Sultan Abdullah who was living there in exile. A few days afterwards one of my companions died of fever, the two others are working for their food on the other side of the island as Sultan Abdullah was too poor to feed them. I was too delicate to do field work; the separation from my mother had made me ill. I had been in Mohilla about four months when you [i. Holmwood] came. Sultan Abdullah could not have kept me any longer as he had since rescued some of his own people who had been shipped by Sayyid Ali in a dhow which put in to Mohilla. I wish to go and live with my aunt, but beg that you will write to my mother and if possible bring her to Zanzibar if she still lives. She said she should go to Mtamihuli [Mitsamihuli] 67 where we have relations. Her account reveals her ability to exert personal agency even as a captive, while it also demonstrates the advantage of having been enslaved within a familiar cultural and social context. The kindness shown to her by the unnamed man who helped her and her companions after their escape from the slavers also reinforces the testimony by the free bushmen that they had nothing to fear from the people of Nzwani, as opposed to the king and his cohorts. It further reveals how articulate Africans could be when provided an opportunity to express themselves at some length and without the restrictions of a format into which their testimony was expected to be recorded. In April a slave dhow from Moma, on the Mozambique coast to the south of Angoche, was seized by the Sultan of Nzwani, who was by then seeking to accommodate British antislavery pressure. The slaves now freed are mostly Makuas shipped by a slave dealer residing at Angoxa on the Mozambique coast. The master and owner of the dhow states that he brought them for Dr. Wilson but he subsequently escaped from custody and was brought to Zanzibar The boat carrying them landed at a village called Mashuani, at Umwali, which is undoubtedly the well-protected port of Nioumachoua Nioumachoa, Nyumshuwa, Numa Choa , a walled town on the south coast of Mwali The itinerary of the second boy was more complicated. From somewhere on the Mozambique coast the dhow carrying him and three other captives reached Madagascar Thus two Makua boys from different villages in northern Mozambique found themselves gathered up as shipmates on the south coast of Mwali and eventually as classmates at Kiungani, Zanzibar. Their stories speak directly to the system of slaving and antislavery networks that dominated East African waters at this time and connected the Comoro Islands, Mozambique, Madagascar, and Zanzibar. These foreland islands, as I have described them elsewhere, were not only connected to continental Africa and the wider Indian Ocean world, but also among themselves Competing elites of Ngazidja, who shared a long history of political competition, sought to achieve political and economic dominance by recruiting both Ngazidjan allies and their elite counterparts on the smaller islands of the archipelago, as well as from Zanzibar and Madagascar, in these conflicts. At the same time, British antislavery efforts centered at Zanzibar drew them into these networks. Once France had declared a protectorate over the three remaining Comoro Islands Ngazidja, Nzwani, and Mwali in , the course of Comorian history was certainly altered. One of the beneficiaries of the new imperial regime was none other than Said Ali himself The uncertainties of the first years of French colonial rule further exacerbated this movement, thereby cementing a regional network that endures to the present. Ali , M. Allibert , C. Alpers , E. Falola ed. Bang , A. Blanchy , S. Derat , T. Vernet , M. Clendennen , G. Damir , B. Denis , I. Gevrey , A. Gueunier , N. Horton , M. Madan , A. Martin , J. Monnier , J. Prestholdt , J. Roberts , S. Accessed 3 November Rockel , S. Saleh , I. Seach , J. Accessed 17 May Subrahmanyam , S. Tabibou , I. Tibbetts , G. He lived till so he had to experience the horrors of the 1st World War. Jan 11, Steve rated it really liked it. Quite an important book about a truly horrendous practice still going on fairly late in the nineteenth century. The descriptions of 'raw slaves' being treated like cattle are heartbreaking and Hazell's well researched and detailed analysis of the role of John Kirk, humble botanist and once travelling companion of David Livingstone deserves to be read widely. Sep 22, Felicity rated it it was amazing. Excellently written, a fascinating and important book about an unsung hero. Answers many questions for travellers along the East African coastline. Aug 18, Jyothykumar added it. Quite engrossing esp the stanley-livingstone part. Since I live in Oman, plenty of interesting relevant history. Jan 06, Bruno Noble rated it really liked it. This book has nearly everything — history, religion, commerce, adventure, politics and the psychology of power and influence — and presents it all non-judgmentally in a limpid, unfussy and eminently readable style. The Victorians! This extensively researched and meticulously crafted book was a pleasure to read. Feb 04, Marion Roux rated it it was amazing. A biography that reads like a political intrigue with the ins and outs of the horrors of the slave trade and the interaction of governments and individuals. Set in the 's when , in spite of the British abolition of slavery, the East African slave trade continued unabated. It lasted way longer than the trade on the Western Atlantic seaboard. England saw the problem "as slavery was an established Islamic culture" and "maintaining order in the world was a high priority" and were loathe to rock t A biography that reads like a political intrigue with the ins and outs of the horrors of the slave trade and the interaction of governments and individuals. England saw the problem "as slavery was an established Islamic culture" and "maintaining order in the world was a high priority" and were loathe to rock the boat pun intended. Spending many years in Zanzibar, John Kirk eventually turned out to be the reluctant hero in putting a stop to the slave trade. His encounters with names familiar to us such as Doctor Livingstone, Stanley and Frere are also documented in fair detail. Dec 30, The rated it it was ok. An interesting story, but very repetitive. The writing dragged on about pages too long and could have been much more concisely and captivating. It's a book worth reading, but it should be read in context of other historiographies of the region and the time.

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