Archive of SID J Biodivers Syst 05(1): 69–78 ISSN: 2423-8112

JOURNAL OF INSECT BIODIVERSITY AND SYSTEMATICS

Research Article http://jibs.modares.ac.ir http://zoobank.org/References/5AB4D6F8-5D27-4DB6-B719-9B0FE69BBD6F

Occurrence of the genus Erigorgus Forster (Hym., , ) in Eastern part of Iran with key to species

Maryam Zardouei Heydari, Ehsan Rakhshani* and Azizollah Mokhtari

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, 98615-538, I.R. Iran.

ABSTRACT. Iranian species of the genus Erigorgus Forster, 1869 are taxonomically reviewed. The sampling was done using Malaise traps in Eastern provinces of Iran. Two species, Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) Received: 12 March, 2019 and Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829) are reviewed, of which the second species represents occurrence of this genus in East of Iran. A brief diagnosis Accepted: based on the reliable morphological characters, as well as an illustrated key to 05 May, 2019 Iranian species are provided. The geographical distribution of the recorded

Published: species in the Palaearctic regions is also discussed. 15 May, 2019

Subject Editor: Ali Asghar Talebi Key words: Erigorgus, , Palaearctic, , South Khorasan

Citation: Zardouei Heydari, M., Rakhshani, E. & Mokhtari, A. (2019) Occurrence of the genus Erigorgus Forster (Hym., Ichneumonidae, Anomaloninae) in Eastern part of Iran with key to species. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 5 (1), 69–78.

Introduction Ichneumonidae, as one of the largest Anomaloninae of Iran have recently been families of , include 44 investigated by various authors (Mojeni & recognized subfamilies, 1 601 genera and Sedivy, 2001; Masnadi-Yazdinejad & Jussila, 25 292 described species (Townes, 1969; Yu 2009; Zarepour et al., 2009; Klopfstein & et al., 2016). The subfamily Anomaloninae Baur, 2011; Nikdel & Diller, 2011; Hooshyar with 46 genera and 742 described species et al., 2012). Barahoei et al. (2012a) worldwide, and 210 species in the published a checklist of Ichneumonidae Palaearctic region (Yu et al., 2016) is known (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of Iran, as one of the relatively diverse taxa within in which they listed four genera and 11 Ichneumonidae (Townes, 1971; Gauld, species of Anomaloninae, categorized 1976; Dasch, 1984). Adults of Anomaloninae within two tribes. Record of the fifth genus are usually can be easily recognized by the represented by canaliculatum combination of distinctive morphological (Ratzeburg, 1844) (Nikdel & Diller, 2011) features as follows: loss of fore wing vein r-m, was not mentioned in the above mentioned a narrow pterostigma, propodeum coarsely checklist. The genus Erigorgus has recently reticulate sculptured, metasoma slender and been recorded from north of Iran laterally compressed (Gauld, 1978). (Hooshyar & Vafaei-Shoushtari, 2013).

Corresponding author: Ehsan Rakhshani, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © 2019, Zardouei Heydari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. www.SID.ir Archive of SID 70 Erigorgus in Eastern part of Iran

The Eastern area of Iran has received of the newly recorded species were least attentions and very poorly studied. compiled from Yu et al. (2016). The Only two genera including specimen was deposited in the collection of Panzer and Förster represented by Department of Plant Protection, University five species are recorded from this large of Zabol, Iran (DPPZ). area (Masnadi-Yazdinejad & Jussila, 2009; Barahoei et al., 2012b, 2013, 2015). Here, we Results recorded the genus Erigorgus from East of Two species of the genus Erigorgus, were Iran (South Khorasan Province), for the examined, of which Erigorgus fibulator is first time. An illustrated key to the known new to the Eastern fauna of Iran. species in Iran is also presented. Key to the species of the genus Erigorgus Material and methods in Iran The Ichneumonid specimens were captured 1. Clypeus with strongly developed median by Malaise traps installed in various tooth (Fig. 2B); mesoscutum densely ecosystems of South Khorasan province punctate (punctures separated from each during 2015–2016. The collected specimens other by usually equal or less than a were preserved in Ethanol 75%, they were puncture diameter) (Fig. 2E); hind tibia black then treated according to AXA protocol and yellow, hind tarsi entirely yellow. (Achterberg, 2009): two days in a mixture of …...Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) Xylene (40%) and ethanol (60%) for, one day -. Clypeus with slightly developed median in Amyl acetate, then properly dried on a tooth (Fig. 4B); mesoscutum sparsely piece of blotter paper. Dried specimens punctate (punctures separated from each were glued on the triangular card and other by usually more than a puncture labeled. External morphology was studied diameter) (Fig. 4E); hind tibia and tarsi under a NikonTM SZM645 stereomicroscope. entirely black. …………………...... There was a single specimen run to the …..Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829) genus Erigorgus Forster, 1869, which identified using the keys compiled by Gauld Taxonomic account & Mitchell (1977). The specimen was also Family Ichneumonidae Latreille, 1802 compared with the identified materials, Subfamily Anomaloninae Viereck, 1918 deposited in the ZSM (Zoologisches Tribe Gravenhorstini Enderlein, 1912 Staatsammlung, Münchhausenstrasse 21, D- Genus Erigorgus Förster, 1869 81247 München, Germany). Type species: Anomalon fibulator Morphological terminology is mostly Gravenhorst, 1829: 681, Vratislaviae, by that of Townes (1969). Wing veins and wing subsequent designation of Schnee (1989). cell nomenclature are based on Goulet & Diagnosis: Adults of Erigorgus species can Huber (1993) and Gauld (1991), respectively. be recognized by the combination of the Photographs of the external morphological following morphological features: The characters were captured using a CanonTM lower mandibular tooth much smaller than EOS 700D Digital Camera, attached to the upper one; notaulus completely absent; HundTM Wetzlar stereomicroscope. A forewing with Rs vein opposite or proximal series of 15–20 (dependent on the size of to 2m-cu; metasomal tergite II in profile shooting part) multi-focused captured more than twice as long as its high, photos were combined into a single in- posteriorly; length of the third metasomal focus image using Zerene Stacker version tergite longer than its height in lateral view 1.04. Data about geographical distribution (Fig. 1).

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Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) pubescent and distinctly narrower than Anomalon cerinops Gravenhorst, 1829: 658, upper half in lateral view (Fig. 2A); frons Vratislaviae. Holotype — lost. strongly rugose with a short longitudinal carina between antennal sockets; face Material examined: 1♀ (ZSM), Monêtier- narrowed downward, lower margin of face les-Bains (45°00'00"N; 06°31'00"E; 2455m), with dense long pubescence (Fig. 2B); 11.VIII.1982, Det: H. Schnee (1984). clypeus with strongly developed median Distribution in Iran: Mazandaran province tooth; malar space (cheek) about 0.3× as (Hooshyar & Vafaei-Shoushtari, 2013). long as basal width of mandible; inner General distribution: Eastern Palaearctic margins of eyes strongly convergent (Fig. [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia Far 2B); ocellus diameter shorter than the East], and Western Palaearctic [Belgium, distance between lateral ocellus and eye Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, (Fig. 2C); pronotum densely punctate and Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, rugose; mesosternum with dense Latvia, Morocco, Netherland, Norway, pubescence; mesopleurum densely Poland, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, punctate and rugose (Fig. 2D); mesoscutum Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey and United (Fig. 2E) densely punctate (punctures Kingdom]. separated from each other by usually equal or less than a puncture diameter) and Morphological characters. (Female). Body shiny; fore wing with Rs vein proximal to length 8 mm; fore wing 5 mm (Fig. 1); 2m-cu; ovipositor 0.3x hind tibia (Fig. 2F); temple widened, not constricted behind propodeum strongly rugose with dense eyes in lateral view, as wide as eye in the pubescence in lateral parts (Fig. 2G). middle; temple in lower half densely

Figure 1. Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) – Female, General habitus, lateral view.

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Figure 2. External morphological characters of Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) – Female: A. Head, lateral view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Mesoscotum, dorsal view; F. Fore and hind wings; G. Propodeum, dorsal view.

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Coloration: Head and thorax black; face, clypeal tooth. In E. vilossus, face and clypeus, mandibles and malar space yellow; clypeus are entirely black; median clypeal temporal orbits reddish; legs yellow; all tooth is slightly developed. coaxes, hind trochanter, hind femur basally and apical half of hind tibia black; Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829) metasoma reddish; second metasomal Anomalon fibulator Gravenhorst, 1829: 681, tergite with black dorsal stripe, apical Vratislaviae. Holotype ♀. — Zoological segments entirely black. Museum Berlin. Diagnosis: This species is morphologically Material examined: 1♀ (DPPZ), IRAN, similar to E. villosus (Gravenhorst, 1892) South Khorasan Province, Sedeh (both species have densely punctated (33°19'00"N; 59°19'00"E; 1665m), Malaise mesoscutum), from which it differs mainly trap, 09.IV.2015, leg: B. Motamedinia; 1♀ by the coloration of face and shape of (ZSM), no label, Det: H. Schnee (1988); 1♂ clypeus. E. cerinops has yellow face and (ZSM), no label, Det: H. Schnee (1988). clypeus, and strongly developed median

Figure 3. Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829) – Female, General habitus, lateral view.

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Distribution in Iran: Mazandaran province Diagnosis: This species is morphologically (Hooshyar & Vafaei-Shoushtari, 2013), similar to E. annulitarsis (Thomson, 1892) South Khorasan province (current study). (both species have sparsely punctated Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic mesoscutum), from which it differs mainly [Kazakhstan, Russia Far East, Tajikistan, by prepectal carina ventrally behind the Uzbekistan], and Western Palaearctic front coxes, not elevated; hind tarsomers [Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, black, but two third the base of tarsomere I Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, is reddish; face and clypeus entirely black. Greece, Hungary, Iran, Moldova, Norway, In E. annulitarsis, prepectal carina ventrally Poland, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, after the front coxes, strongly elevated; Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, hind tarsomer I dark and following former Yugoslavia]. segments are yellow; face partly black, clypeus and facial orbits yellow. Morphological characters. (Female). Body length 18 mm; fore wing 13 mm (Fig. 3); Discussion temple widened, not constricted behind The genus Erigorgus comprises about 70 eyes in lateral view, as wide as eye in the species in the world, of which 23 species middle; temple in lower half densely occurred in the west Palaearctic, 10 species pubescent and as wide as upper half in in East Palaeartcic and six species in lateral view (Fig. 4A); frons strongly rugose Oriental region (Yu, et al., 2016). Both with a short longitudinal carina between recorded species in Iran, E. cerinops and E. antennal sockets; face narrowed fibulator are widely distributed in Eastern downward, lower margin of face with and Western Palaearctic regions. Occurrence dense long pubescence (Fig. 4B); clypeus of only two species in Iran, emphasizing the with slightly developed median tooth; necessity of complementary surveys in this malar space (cheek) about 0.3× as long as large and complex biogeographical area. No basal width of mandible; inner margins of host evidences was documented for eyes strongly convergent (Fig. 4B); ocellus Erigorgus in Iran. As in other Anomaloninae, diameter shorter than the distance between Erigorgus species are solitary endoparasitoid lateral ocellus and eye (Fig. 4C); pronotum of (Schnee, 1986). On the other densely punctate; mesosternum with dense hand, the available information about host pubescence; mesopleurum deeply punctate records of Erigorgus fibulator (Yu et al., 2016) (Fig. 4D); mesoscutum (Fig. 4E) sparsely are doubtful because that is based on punctate (punctures separated from each misinterpretations of the species (Schnee, other by usually more than a puncture 2018). Among the neighboring countries, diameter) and shiny; fore wing with Rs Erigorgus fibulator is a widely distributed vein proximal to 2m-cu; ovipositor 0.3x species in Central and Western Asian area, hind tibia (Fig. 4F); propodeum strongly while E. cerinops has only been recorded rugose with dense pubescence in lateral from Kazakhstan and Turkey (Yu et al., 2016). parts (Fig. 4G). As a crossroads between the Palaearctic, Coloration: Head and thorax completely Oriental and Afrotropical biogeographical black; facial orbits yellowish; temporal regions (Firouz, 2005), many other species of orbits reddish; legs black; fore femur and Erigorgus are expected to be discovered in tibia yellowish in inner side; metasoma Iran. Further faunistic and taxonomic reddish; first metasomal tergite black; studies are necessary to reveal the second metasomal tergite with black dorsal occurrence and distribution of Erigorgus stripe, apical segments entirely black. species in other parts of the country.

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Figure 4. External morphological characters of Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829) – Female: A. Head, lateral view; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, dorsal view; D. Mesosoma, lateral view; E. Mesoscotum, dorsal view; F. Fore and hind wings; G. Propodeum, dorsal view.

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Acknowledgments Dasch, C.E. (1984) Ichneumon flies of America north of Mexico: 9. Subfamilies Theriinae This research was supported by a grant and Anomaloninae. Memoirs of the from University of Zabol (No. UOZ-GR- American Entomological Institute, 36, 1–610. 9517-2) to ER. We sincerely grateful to Dr. Firouz, E. (2005) The Complete Fauna of Iran. Heinz Schnee for confirmation of the New York, I. B. Tauris & Co Ltd. identified specimens and Dr. Stefan Gauld, I.D. (1976) The classification of the Schmidt (Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneu- Sammlungen Bayerns Zoologische monidae). Bulletin of the British Museum Staatssammlung, Hymenoptera Collection) for Entomology (Natural History), 33 (1), 1–135. his help to providing the opportunity to Gauld, I.D. (1978) A revision of the Anomaloninae study the necessary material of Erigorgus. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Many thanks also to Behnam Motamedinia Melanesia. I. The genera Anomalon Panzer for collecting the core material for this study. to Aphanistes Foerster. Bulletin of the British Museum Entomology (Natural History), 68, Conflict of Interests 501–519. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300009482 The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this Gauld, I.D. (1991) The Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. Memoirs of the American Entomological paper. Institute, 47, 1–589. References Gauld, I.D. & Mitchell, P.A. (1977) Ichneumonidae: Ortopelmatinae and Anomaloninae. Handbook Achterberg, C. van. (2009) Can Townes type for Identification of British . Royal Malaise traps be improved some recent Entomological Society of London, VII (2b), developments. Entomologische Berichten, 69 1–29. (4), 129–135. Goulet, H. & Huber, J. (1993) Hymenoptera of the Barahoei, H.A., Rakhshani, E. & Riedel, M. World, An Identification Guide to Families. (2012a) A checklist of Ichneumonidae Agriculture Canada Publication, Ottawa, (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from Ontario, 680p. Iran. Iranian Journal of Gravenhorst, J.L.C. (1829) Ichneumonologia Biosystematics, 8 (2), 83–132. Europaea. Pars 3. Vratislaviae, 1–1097. Barahoei, H., Rakhshani, E. & Khajeh, N. Hooshyar, H. & Vafaei-Shoushtari, R. (2013) (2012b) A survey on occurrence of Faunistic study of Ichneumon Anomaloninae and Ophioninae (Hym., (Hym. Ichneumonidae) from Mazandaran Ichneumonidae) in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. The Second International province, with a new record for fauna of Conference on Agriculture and Natural th Iran. The 17 National and 5th International Resources, 25–26 December, Kermanshah, Conference of Biology of Iran. Iran, Kerman, Iran. p: 167. Hooshyar, H., Vafaei-Shoushtari, R. & Barimani- Barahoei, H., Rakhshani, E., Kasparyan, D.R., Varandi, H. (2012) Faunistic study of Schwarz, M. & Riedel, M. (2013) Ichneumon wasps, (Hym., Ichneumonidae) Contribution on the knowledge of from Mazandaran province, Iran. Iranian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in the Journal of Entomological Research, 6 (2), 191– northern part of Sistan and Baluchestan 202. province, Iran. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 65 Klopfstein, S. & Baur, H. (2011) Catalogue of (1), 131–135. the type specimens of Ichneumonidae Barahoei, H., Nader, E. & Rakhshani, E. (2015) (Hymenoptera) in the Jacques F. Aubert A survey on Ichneumonidae of Isfahan collection at the Musée de Zoologie, province, central Iran. Journal of Crop Lausanne, Switzerland. Zootaxa, 3081, 1–90. Protection, 4 (2), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3081.1.1

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گزارش انتشار جنس Hym., Ichneumonidae, Anomaloninae( Erigorgus Forster( در شرق ایران با کلید شناسایی گونهها

مریم زردویی حیدری، احسان رخشانی* و عزیزا... مختاری

گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. * پست الکترونیکی نویسنده مسئول مکـاتبه: [email protected] تاریخ دریـافت: 21 اسفند 1397، تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اردیبهشت 1398، تاریخ انتشار: 25 اردیبهشت 1398

چکیـده: گونههای متعلق به جنس Erigorgus Forster, 1869 در ایران مورد بازبینی تاکسونومیک قرار گرفتند. نمونهبرداری با استفاده از تلههای مالیز در استانهای شرقی ایران انجام شد. دو گونه شامل Erigorgus cerinops (Gravenhorst, 1829) و (Erigorgus fibulator (Gravenhorst, 1829 بازبینی شدند که گزارش گونة دوم نشاندهندة انتشار این جنس در شرق ایران است. توصیف افتراقی مختصر بر اساس شکلشناسی معتبر به همراه کلید شناسایی مصور گونههای ایران ارایه شد. انتشار جغرافیایی گونههای گزارش شده در منطقة پالئارکتیک نیز مورد بحث قرار گرفت.

واژگـــان کلیــدی: Gravenhorstiini ،Erigorgus، پالئارکتیــک، پارازیتوییــد، خراسان جنوبی.

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