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A Study on the Influence of Society and Family Toward Francie’S Character Development in Betty Smith’S a Tree Grows in Brooklyn

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A Study on the Influence of Society and Family Toward Francie’S Character Development in Betty Smith’S a Tree Grows in Brooklyn A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIETY AND FAMILY TOWARD FRANCIE’S CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT IN BETTY SMITH’S A TREE GROWS IN BROOKLYN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By LUKY ANGGRAINI Student Number 994214172 Student Registration Number: 990051120106120172 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2007 Without virtue, happiness cannot be (Jefferson, 1816) For those whom I love and trust deeply, My beloved father and mother ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The deepest gratitude goes to the Creator, Allah S.W.T for His Blessing and Love. Without He, I would be nothing. I would like to express my thanks to my advisor, Dewi Widyastuti, S.Pd., M.Hum. for her advice, corrections, support, and patience in helping me to finish this thesis. I would also like to thank to my co-advisor, Adventina Putranti, S.S., M.Hum. for reading, giving support and advice for the betterment of this thesis. To all the lectures and staff of English Letters Department Sanata Dharma University, thanks for their help and guidance during my long time study. I am very grateful to these kind people, for their great contribution to support me in finishing this thesis. I would like to thank to my beloved parents. Though one is missing now, I know that both are perfect for always giving me a never-ending love, patience, spirit, and understanding. I thank to my brother who always makes anything easier. My thanks also go to my beloved fellows for their great support, love and pray. I thank to Upik and Nonie for their companionship and support all along the way. I also thank to Renny and her family for their sharing many things in the hardest times. I will never forget the rest of Jumz Session, Siwi, Woeland, Budi, and also Meli for being there to share with. I wish also to thank the 99ers, Fina, Nina, Nia, Obet, Sidiq, Reygan, Desi, Citra, Joko, Seto and others that I can not mention one by one. Last, I have to give my gratitude to Wida, Vita, and the entire library staff of Sanata Dharma University. Luky Anggraini TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE OF TITLE............................................................................................. i PAGE OF APPROVAL................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................. iii MOTTO PAGE................................................................................................ iv DEDICATION PAGE...................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT...................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAK....................................................................................................... x CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study................................................................. 1 B. Problem Formulation....................................................................... 4 C. Objectives of the Study.................................................................... 5 D. Definition of Terms......................................................................... 6 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW................................................. 8 A. Review of Related Studies.............................................................. 8 B. Review of Related Theories............................................................ 10 1. Theory of Character and Characterization.................................. 10 2. The Relation between Literature and Society............................. 13 3. Theory of Psychology................................................................. 14 a. The Influence of Family.......................................................... 15 b. How Family Influences One’s Personality....................... 16 c. Environmental Influence......................................................... 17 d. How Environment Influences One’s Personality............. 17 C. Theoretical Framework................................................................... 18 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY................................................................. 19 A. Object of the Study........................................................................ 19 B. Approach......................................................................................... 20 C. Method of the Study........................................................................ 21 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS............................................................................. 22 A. The Description of Society and Characters in the Family.............. 22 1. The Condition of Society in the Novel....................................... 23 2. The Characters in the Family..................................................... 27 a. Katie Nolan............................................................................ 28 b. Johnny Nolan.......................................................................... 29 c. Sissy Rommely....................................................................... 30 B. Francie’s Character Development under the Influences of Her Family and Society ................................................................................... 31 1 Francie’s Character Development under the Influences of Society........................................................................................... 32 2. Francie’s Character Development under the Influences of Her Family..................................................................................... 37 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION..................................................................... 50 BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................... 53 ABSTRACT Luky Anggraini: A Study on the Influence of Society and Family towards Francie’s Character Development in Betty Smith’s A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. English Letters Study Programme, Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. A Tree Grows in Brooklyn is the novel of Francie Nolan’s survival among the hard life in Brooklyn. It is about her struggle both mentally and physically. She has to suffer from the bad treatment done by those in higher economic status and highly educated. Taking the lessons she gets from her family and society, Francie grows into a mature young woman. The aim of this thesis is firstly to know the characters in the family as well as the society that influence Francie. Secondly, to understand their influences and third is to give a clear explanation on how Francie Nolan grows under those influences. In writing this thesis, the writer conducts library research and uses psychological approach to analyze this novel. The writer will analyze the novel in the following steps. First, she summarizes the characters of the family and the condition in society that play a big role in influencing Francie’s character development. Second, she search for the influences of both family and society and the third, she relates their influences on Francie’s character development. From the analysis, the writer finds out that this novel is about Francie’s character development, from an innocent little child into a motivated young woman. She is proud and confident for anything that she is sure to be right. Her appreciation in beauty is also the learning that she gets from the influence of her family. Although finally she gains success, she never forgets her background and her family that give precious learning. ABSTRAK Luky Anggraini: A Study on the Influence of Society and Family towards Francie’s Character Development in Betty Smith’s A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. A Tree Grows in Brooklyn adalah novel yang berkisah tentang perjuangan fisik dan mental seorang Francie Nolan menghadapi kehidupan keras di Brooklyn. Oleh karena kerasnya kehidupan tersebut, dia dan keluarganya harus mengalami pengalaman menyakitkan karena adanya kesenjangan status dan ekonomi di masyarakat. Belajar dari pengalaman, Francie tumbuh menjadi seorang gadis muda yang bermotivasi tinggi. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui anggota-anggota keluarga dan keadaan masyarakat yang mempengaruhi perkembangan jiwa Francie. Kedua, ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruhnya dan yang ketiga adalah untuk mengetahui secara jelas bagaimana Francie tumbuh di bawah pengaruh tersebut. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menggunakan studi pustaka dan menggunakan pendekatan psikologi untuk menganalisis novel ini. Penulis akan menganalisa dengan tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut. Pertama, dengan meringkas tokoh-tokoh di keluarga dan keadaan masyarakat yang berperan membentu perkembangan jiwa Francie Nolan. Kedua, penulis mencari pengaruh- pengaruhnya dan yang ketiga menghubungkan pengaruh itu terhadap perkembangan jiwa Francie. Dari analisis tersebut bisa disimpulkan bahwa novel ini mengupas perkembangan jiwa Francie Nolan, dari seorang bocah yang biasa menjadi seorang wanita muda yang percaya diri dan bangga atas apa yang dipercayainya menjadi kebenaran.
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