Geology of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh
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GRMB Annual Report 2017-18
Government of India Ministry of Water Resources, RD & GR Godavari River Management Board ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 GODAVARI BASIN – Dakshina Ganga Origin Brahmagiri near Trimbakeshwar, Nasik Dist., Maharashtra Geographical Area 9.50 % of Total GA of India Area & Location Latitude - 16°19’ to 22°34’ North Longitude – 73°24’ to 83° 4’ East Boundaries West: Western Ghats North: Satmala hills, the Ajanta range and the Mahadeo hills East: Eastern Ghats & the Bay of Bengal South: Balaghat & Mahadeo ranges stretching forth from eastern flank of the Western Ghats & the Anantgiri and other ranges of the hills and ridges separate the Gadavari basin from the Krishna basin. Catchment Area 3,12,812 Sq.km Length of the River 1465 km States Maharashtra (48.6%), Telangana (18.8%), Andhra Pradesh (4.5%), Chhattisgarh (10.9%), Madhya Pradesh (10.0%), Odisha (5.7%), Karnataka (1.4%) and Puducherry (Yanam) and emptying into Bay of Bengal Length in AP & TS 772 km Major Tributaries Pravara, Manjira, Manair – Right side of River Purna, Pranhita, Indravati, Sabari – Left side of River Sub- basins Twelve (G1- G12) Dams Gangapur Dam, Jayakwadi dam, Vishnupuri barrage, Ghatghar Dam, Upper Vaitarna reservoir, Sriram Sagar Dam, Dowleswaram Barrage. Hydro power stations Upper Indravati 600 MW Machkund 120 MW Balimela 510 MW Upper Sileru 240 MW Lower Sileru 460 MW Upper Kolab 320 MW Pench 160 MW Ghatghar pumped storage 250 MW Polavaram (under 960 MW construction) ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18 GODAVARI RIVER MANAGEMENT BOARD 5th Floor, Jalasoudha, Errum Manzil, Hyderabad- 500082 FROM CHAIRMAN’S DESK It gives me immense pleasure to present the Annual Report of Godavari River Management Board (GRMB) for the year 2017-18. -
List-Of-TO-STO-20200707191409.Pdf
Annual Review Report for the year 2018-19 Annexure 1.1 List of DTOs/ATOs/STOs in Andhra Pradesh (As referred to in para 1.1) Srikakulam District Vizianagaram District 1 DTO, Srikakulam 1 DTO, Vizianagaram 2 STO, Narasannapeta 2 STO, Bobbili 3 STO, Palakonda 3 STO, Gajapathinagaram 4 STO, Palasa 4 STO, Parvathipuram 5 STO, Ponduru 5 STO, Salur 6 STO, Rajam 6 STO, Srungavarapukota 7 STO, Sompeta 7 STO, Bhogapuram 8 STO, Tekkali 8 STO, Cheepurupalli 9 STO, Amudalavalasa 9 STO, Kothavalasa 10 STO, Itchapuram 10 STO, Kurupam 11 STO, Kotabommali 11 STO, Nellimarla 12 STO, Hiramandalam at Kothur 12 STO, Badangi at Therlam 13 STO, Pathapatnam 13 STO, Vizianagaram 14 STO, Srikakulam East Godavari District 15 STO, Ranasthalam 1 DTO, East Godavari Visakhapatnam District 2 STO, Alamuru 1 DTO, Visakhapatnam 3 STO, Amalapuram 2 STO, Anakapallli (E) 4 STO, Kakinada 3 STO, Bheemunipatnam 5 STO, Kothapeta 4 STO, Chodavaram 6 STO, Peddapuram 5 STO, Elamanchili 7 DTO, Rajahmundry 6 STO, Narsipatnam 8 STO, R.C.Puram 7 STO, Paderu 9 STO, Rampachodavaram 8 STO, Visakhapatnam 10 STO, Rayavaram 9 STO, Anakapalli(W) 11 STO, Razole 10 STO, Araku 12 STO, Addateegala 11 STO, Chintapalli 13 STO, Mummidivaram 12 STO, Kota Uratla 14 STO, Pithapuram 13 STO, Madugula 15 STO, Prathipadu 14 STO, Nakkapalli at Payakaraopeta 16 STO, Tuni West Godavari District 17 STO, Jaggampeta 1 DTO, West Godavari 18 STO, Korukonda 2 STO, Bhimavaram 19 STO, Anaparthy 3 STO, Chintalapudi 20 STO, Chintoor 4 STO, Gopalapuram Prakasam District 5 STO, Kovvur 1 ATO, Kandukuru 6 STO, Narasapuram -
International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected]
International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] , Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Sri. Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Seriguda , Ibrahim patnam (M) R.R District. Telangana State. , Lecturer in Dept. of Economics, Govt. (UG &PG) College, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh , Post-Doctoral Fellow , Dept. of Economics , S.K. University , S.V. Puram , Anantapur , District, Andhra Pradesh. Floods are the most devastating natural calamities by their nature since time immemorial. Flooding is mainly caused by over spilling of river banks Severity increases where there is obstruction like encroachment in water ways in urban areas etc. The present paper analysed flood management. The main objectives are (i) To describe the river system, Rainfall, forecasting system and affected areas, (ii) To identify the causes vulnerability, impacts, losses, strategies, controlling measures of floods affected areas. The paper discuss the river basin wise flood situations rainfall , forecasting systems sites cause , losses, risk reduction measures strategies and flood management of the study area. flood management, calamities, forecasting, river basin catchment, vulnerability, strategies. Flood waters are simply going as a waste Floods are one of the most devastating in to seas and oceans. To control the natural calamities, by their nature and floods and utilize the waters for irrigation since time immemorial. It is most and other purposes, Interlinking of rivers commonly observed during monsoon can be a substantial solution. A variety of season and severe floods occurring every mitigation measures can be identified and year in one part or the throughout the implemented measures include flood country which has been causing forecasting and warning, adopting proper recurrent tremendous extensive damage land-use planning, flood-prone area to Agriculture, life and property besides zoning, and management. -
Performance of Sweet Pepper Under Protective Structure
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT Volume-3, Issue-2, Mar-May 2014 ISSN 2091-2854 Received:13 April Revised:1 May Accepted:16 May ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF BORRA CAVE, VISAKHAPATTANAM, INDIA Haraprasad Bairagya Department of Geography, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India, 731235 Email: hbairagya7@ gmail.com Abstract Caving is an art which can be best experienced in the mystic Borra of Eastern Ghats and ranked as the second largest cave of India just after Belum Caves situated in the same state Andhrapradesh, India. This Cave is fast becoming a hot tourist‟s destination offering great adventurous opportunity to the tourists in the Eastern Ghats. The cave is located in the Ananthagiri hills of the Eastern Ghats region near Visakhapattanam and is made of limestone. The emotion of thrill heightens after entering the cave. The entrance has a narrow vertical opening and is well lit. Due to its location in the sub-equatorial region, dripping of water from the cave roofs occurs almost throughout the year. The formation of stalactites and stalagmites create wonderful phenomena specially found in this cave. The conspicuous pillars formed due to the joining of the roof and the floors are an awe-inspiring creativity of the creator of this world. Various viruses and bacteria are in the cave interior along with different other creatures. The Borra cave helps the Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, India, to earn huge economic benefits for the sake of tourism industry. Keywords: Cave, stalactite, stalagmite, virus, bacteria Introduction Caves have always hunted the imagination of mankind already from the start of human history; these natural formations provided shelter to early man and were sought after earnestly, to provide a „safe home‟. -
New Constraints from Garnetite on the P^T Path of the Khondalite Belt: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the North China Craton
JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY VOLUME 54 NUMBER 9 PAGES1725^1758 2013 doi:10.1093/petrology/egt029 New Constraints from Garnetite on the P^T Path of the Khondalite Belt: Implications for the Tectonic Evolution of the North China Craton 1 1 2 SHUJUAN JIAO *, JINGHUI GUO ,SIMONL.HARLEY AND Downloaded from BRIAN F.WINDLEY3 1STATE KEY LABORATORY OF LITHOSPHERIC EVOLUTION, INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, BEIJING, 100029, CHINA 2GRANT INSTITUTE OF EARTH SCIENCE, SCHOOL OF GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, http://petrology.oxfordjournals.org/ KINGS BUILDINGS, WEST MAINS ROAD, EDINBURGH EH9 3JW, UK 3DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER, LEICESTER LE1 7RH, UK RECEIVED MARCH 5, 2012; ACCEPTED APRIL 12, 2013 ADVANCE ACCESS PUBLICATION MAY 21, 2013 Garnetite pods containing 460 mol % garnet in association with at 1890 Ma, following the emplacement of S-type granitoids at Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS on August 27, 2013 garnet-bearing quartz-rich lenses are sporadically distributed in the at 1920^1890 Ma and ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism at Khondalite Belt, North China Craton. The mineral assemblages 1920 Ma that resulted from collision of the Yinshan and Ordos and microtextures of garnetite occurring in quartzo-feldspathic silli- Blocks at 1950 Ma. manite^garnet gneiss in the Xiaoshizi area allow definition of the metamorphic history of the area. Formation of garnet poikiloblasts coupled with their enclosing and matrix minerals quartz, sillimanite, KEY WORDS: clockwise P^T path; garnetite; Khondalite Belt; North plagioclase, biotite, rutile and ilmenite defines an M1 assemblage China Craton; pseudosection consistent with partial melting and subsequent melt separation. Thermodynamic modeling of bell-shaped Ca zoning in garnet poiki- loblasts confirms that this occurred during decompression. -
Deccan Plateau
HAND OUTS (3/3) PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA Acknowledgment 1) Reference : NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE TEXT BOOK 2) Google Web page for Maps & images Deccan Plateau . a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada. Satpura range flanks its broad base in the north . The Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions . It is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards. An extension of the Plateau is also visible in the northeast– locally known as the Meghalaya, Karbi-Anglong Plateau and North Cachar Hills. It is separated by a fault from the Chotanagpur Plateau. Three Prominent hill ranges from the west to east are the Garo, the Khasi and the Jaintia Hills. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats mark the western and the eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau respectively. A. Western Ghats . Lies parallel to the western coast. They are continuous and can be crossed through passes only. The Western Ghats are higher than the Eastern Ghats. Their average elevation is 900– 1600 metres. B Eastern Ghats . Its average height is 600 metres. The Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi Valley to the Nilgiris in the south. The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and irregular and dissected by rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal. the Doda Betta (2,637metres). Mahendragiri (1,501 metres) is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats. Shevroy Hills and the Javadi Hills are located to the southeast of the Eastern Ghats. Famous hill stations are Udagamandalam, popularly known as Ooty and the Kodaikanal. Important features of Peninsular Plateau • One of the distinct features of the peninsular plateau is the black soil area known as Decean Trap. -
Petrographical Characters of Some Important Host Rocks in Vizianagarm Manganese Ores Belt (A.P.), INDIA
UNIVERSITY OF MAURITIUS RESEARCH JOURNAL – Volume 16 – 2010 University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius Petrographical Characters of Some important host rocks in Vizianagarm Manganese Ores Belt (A.P.), INDIA. F. N Siddiquie Department of Geology,, Aligarh Muslim University India Email: [email protected] Paper Accepted on 17 February 2010 Abstract Petrographical study of various rocks types has been carried out in the present study area with the discovery of a new rock type- Crystalline algal Limestone. An attempt has been made to describe the petrographical characters of the following rock types encountered in the present study area. 1. Calc-granulite 2. Garnet-sillimanite-feldspathic gneiss 3. Garnetiferous gneiss 4. Feldspathic quartzite 5. Crystalline algal limestone 6. Shale 7. Hypersthene gneiss. 8. Granitic gneiss. The older Khondalite Group mainly consists of calc-granulite, garnet sillimanite gneiss, feldspathic quartzite and garnetiferous gneiss. The occurrence of crystalline algal limestone and red and green shales have been F.N Siddiquie reported for the first time. The younger Charnockite Group mainly consists of hypersthene gneiss (porphyrroblastic and non-porphyroblastic) and granitic gneisses. Granite and pegmatite occur as intrusive bodies in this group of rocks. The Khondalites and Charnockites show a complex structural pattern resulting from repeated periods of deformation. The general strike of rocks is NW-SE with local swings at places. These rocks at places show relict banding. Stratigraphically these are included within a thick succession of Pre- Cambrian rocks belonging to the Khondalite and Charnockite Groups of Dharwar Supergroup, that form a part of Eastern Ghat Complex of India. The manganiferous rocks that have been encountered in the Vizianagarm Manganese Ore Belt (A.P.) India are known as Kodurites. -
Chapter 2 Physical Features
Middle Kolab Multipurpose Project Detailed Project Report CHAPTER 2 PHYSICAL FEATURES 2.1 GENERAL There are few places on earth that are special and Odisha is one of them. It is a fascinating land filled with exquisite temples, monuments and possessing beaches, wild life, sanctuaries and natural landscape of enchanting beauty. The project area falls in Koraput and Malkangiri district of Odisha having its geographical area as 5294.5 Sq. Km. The district is bounded by Rayagada and Srikaklam district on its East side, Bastar district on the west, Malkangiri district on South-west side, Nabarangpur district on north and Vishakhapatnam on south. Malkangiri and Koraput districts are situated at 18°35’ Latitude and 82°72’ Longitude at an average elevation of 170 and 870 m respectively from mean sea level. The district’s demographic profile makes it clear that it is a predominantly tribal and backward district with 56% tribal and 78% of the rural families below poverty line (BPL). The region is characterised by high temperature and humidity in most parts of the year and medium to high annual rainfall. There is a considerable extent of natural vegetation in this region. The hydrographical features also reflect these effects. The chapter describes the general topographical and physical features of the Kolab basin and the project command area. 2.2 PHYSIOGRAPHY Odisha State lies within latitude 17° 48 to 23° 34 and longitude 81° 24 to 87°29 and is bounded on the north by Jharkhand, on the west by Chhattisgarh, on the south by Andhra Pradesh and on the north-east by West Bengal. -
6. Water Quality ------61 6.1 Surface Water Quality Observations ------61 6.2 Ground Water Quality Observations ------62 7
Version 2.0 Krishna Basin Preface Optimal management of water resources is the necessity of time in the wake of development and growing need of population of India. The National Water Policy of India (2002) recognizes that development and management of water resources need to be governed by national perspectives in order to develop and conserve the scarce water resources in an integrated and environmentally sound basis. The policy emphasizes the need for effective management of water resources by intensifying research efforts in use of remote sensing technology and developing an information system. In this reference a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed on December 3, 2008 between the Central Water Commission (CWC) and National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to execute the project “Generation of Database and Implementation of Web enabled Water resources Information System in the Country” short named as India-WRIS WebGIS. India-WRIS WebGIS has been developed and is in public domain since December 2010 (www.india- wris.nrsc.gov.in). It provides a ‘Single Window solution’ for all water resources data and information in a standardized national GIS framework and allow users to search, access, visualize, understand and analyze comprehensive and contextual water resources data and information for planning, development and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Basin is recognized as the ideal and practical unit of water resources management because it allows the holistic understanding of upstream-downstream hydrological interactions and solutions for management for all competing sectors of water demand. The practice of basin planning has developed due to the changing demands on river systems and the changing conditions of rivers by human interventions. -
Godavari Primer an Essential Guide on the Utilization of the Godavari Waters and Resources
THE GODAVARI PRIMER AN ESSENTIAL GUIDE ON THE UTILIZATION OF THE GODAVARI WATERS AND RESOURCES SAKTI The Godavari Primer - An Essential Guide to Understanding the Debate on the Utilization of the Godavari Waters April 2006 We are grateful to Dr. Uma Shankari for preparing the document. However SAKTI owns responsibility for the contents of the document. We thank Vijay Burgula for editorial assistance. SAKTI, 305, I Block, Janapriya Abodes, Gandhinagar, Hyderabad – 500 080 Ph: 040 – 55614787, 040-55627893, [email protected] www.sakti.in Suggested contribution Rs. 50/- Printed at : Anupama Printers, 126, Shantinagar, Hyderabad - 500 028 Tel : 040-23391364, Telefax : 040-23304194 E-mail : [email protected] 2 The Godavari Primer - An Essential Guide to Understanding the Debate on the Utilization of the Godavari Waters Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2. Godavari – The River, Land and Society ........................................................................................................ 8 a. The Journey .................................................................................................................................................... 8 b. Physical Features ............................................................................................................................................. 8 The Delta Region ........................................................................................................................................ -
Inter State Agreements
ORISSA STATE WATER PLAN 2 0 0 4 INTER STATE AGGREMENTS Orissa State Water Plan 9 INTER STATE AGREEMENTS Orissa State has inter state agreements with neighboring states of West Bengal, Jharkhand ( formerly Bihar),Chattisgarh (Formerly Madhya Pradesh) and Andhra Pradesh on Planning & Execution of Irrigation Projects. The Basin wise details of such Projects are briefly discussed below:- (i) Mahanadi Basin: Hirakud Dam Project: Hirakud Dam was completed in the year 1957 by Government of India and there was no bipartite agreement between Government of Orissa and Government of M.P. at that point of time. However the issues concerning the interest of both the states are discussed in various meetings:- Minutes of the meeting of Madhya Pradesh and ORISSA officers of Irrigation & Electricity Departments held at Pachmarhi on 15.6.73. IBB DIVERSION SCHEME: 3. Secretary, Irrigation & Power, Orissa pointed out that Madhya Pradesh is constructing a diversion weir on Ib river. This river is a source of water supply to the Orient Paper Mill at Brajrajnagar as well as to Sundergarh, a District town in Orissa State. Government of Orissa apprehends that the summer flows in Ib river will get reduced at the above two places due to diversion in Madhya Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh Officers explained that this work was taken up as a scarcity work in 1966- 77 and it is tapping a catchment of 174 Sq. miles only in Madhya Pradesh. There is no live storage and Orissa should have no apprehensions as regards the availability of flows at the aforesaid two places. It was decided that the flow data as maintained by Madhya Pradesh at the Ib weir site and by Orissa at Brajrajnagar and Sundergarh should be exchanged and studied. -
Glass-Grade Calcite Resources of Borra Area, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research, 2014, 5(6): 213-217 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Glass-grade calcite resources of Borra area, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India P. Ramesh Chandra Phani Cyient Limited, Plot 11, Software Layout, Infocity, Madhapur, Hyderabad ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Carbonate rocks are often of economic importance depending on their CaO content. A calcareous rock containing CaO >52%is predominantly calcareous andis considered as high-grade ore for various industrial purposes. A deposit in Andhra Pradesh, Borra area is endowed with such high-grade resources of crystalline carbonatite, in view of their utility in glass industry, is presented in this paper. Analytical results of 10 samples from this area, show that these carbonatite/calcite resources contain an average of 53% CaO and are very well suitable as raw material not only in in glass industry but also in others. A systematic investigation to estimate the resources and proper environment- friendly mining is indeed necessary. Keywords: High-grade carbonate, Borra, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION The Borra calcite deposits were discovered when British geologist, William King unveiled huge caves in karstic terrainin 1807, extending for few kilometres underground, located about 90km north of Visakhapatnam in the Anantagiri hill ranges of Eastern Ghats (800-1300 meters MSL) in Andhra Pradesh. The carbonate rocks of Borra contain enriched CaCO 3(calcite) and the deposits predominantly contain crystalline calcite. Along with other natural raw materials like quartz, silica sand and dolomite, CaCO 3 (limestone/calcite) is proportionately used as an important ingredient in glass making.