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International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected]

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International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: Drtvramana@Yahoo.Co.In International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] , Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Sri. Indu College of Engineering and Technology, Seriguda , Ibrahim patnam (M) R.R District. Telangana State. , Lecturer in Dept. of Economics, Govt. (UG &PG) College, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh , Post-Doctoral Fellow , Dept. of Economics , S.K. University , S.V. Puram , Anantapur , District, Andhra Pradesh. Floods are the most devastating natural calamities by their nature since time immemorial. Flooding is mainly caused by over spilling of river banks Severity increases where there is obstruction like encroachment in water ways in urban areas etc. The present paper analysed flood management. The main objectives are (i) To describe the river system, Rainfall, forecasting system and affected areas, (ii) To identify the causes vulnerability, impacts, losses, strategies, controlling measures of floods affected areas. The paper discuss the river basin wise flood situations rainfall , forecasting systems sites cause , losses, risk reduction measures strategies and flood management of the study area. flood management, calamities, forecasting, river basin catchment, vulnerability, strategies. Flood waters are simply going as a waste Floods are one of the most devastating in to seas and oceans. To control the natural calamities, by their nature and floods and utilize the waters for irrigation since time immemorial. It is most and other purposes, Interlinking of rivers commonly observed during monsoon can be a substantial solution. A variety of season and severe floods occurring every mitigation measures can be identified and year in one part or the throughout the implemented measures include flood country which has been causing forecasting and warning, adopting proper recurrent tremendous extensive damage land-use planning, flood-prone area to Agriculture, life and property besides zoning, and management. tremendous sufferings. Due to different climatic and rainfall patterns in different regions, is experienced with severe 1. To describe the River system, inundation. Thus, floods are the single Rainfall, Flood Forecasting system most frequent disaster faced by the of flood affected areas of the Both country. Flooding is mainly caused by States between 1953 to2013. over-spilling of river banks and severity 2. To identify the causes, vulnerability, increases where there are obstructions impacts, losses, strategies controlling like effecting roads, railway networks, measures of floods affected areas. urban areas etc (Khanna et al. 2007). International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] the sea. The state’s share of dependable The Present study is based on Secondary flows at 75 per cent dependability from data at both states Level, The data the river system is estimated at 77.75 pertaining to 1953 to 1953 to 2013). The bcm (2746 TMC) of which 49.63 BCM Analysis is confined to flood disaster (1753 TMC) are currently utilized. during the period 1953-2013 weather According to the existing information related disasters in both states. and (CAD, 2006), the Godavari river basin occurrence is calculated for floods (1953 has about 21.52 BCM (760 TMC) surplus to 2013) every ten Years and River wise, water, while the other river basins rainfall flood years. together have about 6.51 bcm (230 TMC). Andhra Pradesh and Telangana The Godavari River, the largest of are divided into three physical regions the peninsular rivers and third largest in based on the topography (Coastal Plains, India, covers drains about 10% Peninsular Plateau and Eastern ghats). geographical area of the country. The The general slope changes from west to river rises in the Sahayadris at +1067 m east and south-west to north-east. The elevation above mean sea level (MSL) peak summits in the both States are near Triambakeshwar in Nasik district of Tirumala (1150 mts) and Chintapalli Maharashtra state about 80 km from the (1680 mts). The average rainfall of the Arabian Sea and flowing over a distance both State is 940 mm with a least rainfall of the length1465 Km in a general south- of 521 mm in Anantapur. The both State easterly direction through Maharashtra, receives substantial rainfall during the Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, south west and the north-east monsoon Godavari falls into the Bay of Bengal period. The both States are endowed with north of Rajahmundry in Andhra plenty of water resources in terms of Pradesh. (CWC1999). The basin is rainfall and surface flows. The states are bounded by Satmala hills, the Ajanta blessed with three major perennial river range and the Mahadeo hills on the systems of Godavari, Krishna and Pennar north, by the Eastern Ghats on the south and Vamsadhara and 37 other medium and the east and by the Western Ghats and minor river systems (19 to the north on the west. It has a catchment area of of Godavari River and 18 to the south of 312,812 sq km of which 48.60% lies in Krishna River), and further into 81 sub- Maharashtra 20.70% in Chattisgarh, 1.40 basins ranging in size from 90 sq. km and % in Karnataka, 5.50% in Orissa and above Godavari and Krishna are 23.80% in Telangana and Andhra interstate rivers contributing almost 90 Pradesh. The basin receives the major per cent of the surface water resources of part of its rainfall during the Southwest the both states. These include Monsoon period. More than 85 percent of Vamsadhara, Nagavali, Champavathi, the rain falls from July to September. Gosthani, Sarada, Varaha, Thandava, Annual rainfall of the basin varies from Yeleru, Errakalava, Thammileru, 880 to 1395 mm and the average annual Budameru, Romperu, Gundlakamma, rainfall is 1110 mm. Floods are a regular Musi, Paleru, Manneru, Upputeru, phenomenon in the basin. Badrachalam, Swarnamukhi, and Palair, etc. Which Kunavaram, and the deltaic portion of have smaller catchment and drain into the river are prone to floods frequently. International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] Perur and Koida gauge stations are the area of the country. The basin is main base stations of the Central Water conjoined by the Godavari River Basin in Commission for flood forecasting in the North and the Pennar and Cauvery River basin... The River Godavari has Basins in South. Towards the West it is tributaries like Pranahita, Manjeera, bordered by a number of small West Maner, Indravati, Kinnerasani, Pamuleru flowing basins of the Konkan strip and Sileru. The river flows through originating from the Western Ghats .The Adilabad, Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Krishna River originates in the rugged Medak, Ranga Reddy, and Warangal, topography in the Mahadev range of the khammam, in Telangana and East & Western Ghats or Sahyadhri at an West Godavari and Visakhapatnam elevation of about 1337 m above msl, districts in AndhraPradesh. The major North of Mahabaleshwar about 64 km part of basin is covered with agricultural from the Arabian sea and flows from west land and accounting to 59.57% of the to east through the States of total area and 3.6% of the basin is Maharashtra, Karnataka , Telangana and covered by water bodies. The annual Andhra Pradesh to join the Bay of river flow at 75% dependability is Bengal. The total length of the flow of assessed to be 9.11 Mham (3,216 TMC) at river from the sources to its outfall in the Dowlaiswaram...In this, the share of sea is about 1,400 km of which 612 km Telangana and Andhra Pradesh is 4.17 are in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, Mham (1473 TMC) . Major irrigation 306 km in Maharashtra and 483 km in projects constructed in the basin in Karnataka. Telangana andAndhra Pradesh are The basin lies in the states of Sriramsagar , Nizamsagar , Kadam , Telangana and Andhra Pradesh 29.5% Godavari Barrage (Dowlaiswaram) for (113,271km2) Karnataka 43.7% irrigation . Singur dam and Manjeera (76,252km2) and Maharashtra 26.8% barrage are constructed for drinking (69,425 km2) Krishna River is the Second water supply to Hyderabad and largest River After Godavari that flows Secunderabad. Inchampalli, Polavaram, through Andhra Pradesh... The Krishna Dowleswaram Barrage (Cotton Barrage), Basin's predominant land use is Karanja ,Sriram Sagar Project (SRSP), agriculture. The principal tributaries for Nizamsagar , Lower Manair Reservoir, Krishna river are the Ghataprabha, the Kaddam reservoir, Upper Indravati Malaprabha, the Bhima, the Project, Balimela Dam, Mula Irrigation Tungabhadra, the Musi, the Paleru , the Project, Pench Projects, Upper Kolab, Munneru. Vedhavati, Handri, and Projects Upper Wainganga are the Major Munneru flows through the most parts of Irrigation Projects . both the States. It drains Anantapur, Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Ranga Reddy, Nalgonda, Guntur and Krishna districts. Major irrigation projects are Rajolibanda, The Krishna Jurala Project, K.C.Canal scheme, River Basin is south India’s fifth largest Srisailam reservoir (which facilitates and second largest Eastward draining irrigation water supplies to command interstate river basin covering an area of areas under Telugu Ganga Project, 2, 58,948.2 km2 in Peninsular India, Srisailam Right Bank Canal and which is nearly 8 % of total geographical Srisailam Left Bank canal, apart from International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-4(2), April, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] drinking water supply to Chennai city), Pradesh. The total catchement area Nagarjunasagar Project and Prakasam about 10,830 square kilometers. Barrage (Vijayawada). Musi Project, and Vamsadhara river basin occupies 8015 P.D.Jurala ,Tungabhadra Right Bank square kilometers in Orissa and the Lower Level Canal, Tungabhadra High remaining 2815 km flows in Andhra Level Stage-I major projects and fifteen Pradesh. The river basin receives high other minor irrigation project of annual average rainfall of magnitude Telangana and Andhra Pradesh are in 1400 mm.
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