A History and Genealogy of the Families Of

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A History and Genealogy of the Families Of HISTORY AND GENEALOGY or THE HOUSTOUN FAMILY 3 1 l r e d son of E ar o o Gene al Patrick Houstoun, l est dw d H ust un o e a e a and ro and Claudia Bond , wa s a m st stim ble gentl m n p mi e of a nent man, Adjutant Genera l of Florida, Pr sident St te e r o of o or and r S nate, and held nume ous p sitions h n t ust in a a nd e o a Ma 6 Florid a . He w as born in Sava nn h , di d M nd y, y , 1 a e 66 ear a a a ee Fla . era e a t 901 , g d y s , in T ll h ss , , his fun l b ing “ tended by Confederate Veterans and the Sta te Military . The grea test honor w a s shown this eminent man and all united in o tribute to a worthy son of a distinguished fa mily, wh in him H arr e r a self kept up the prestige of the name . e m i d Ma th ra r a er of ol. o ra for and had o r re : B dfo d, d ught C J hn B d d , f u child n d ard A o or 1 1 . E w ugustus H ustoun , b n 866, mar a da r of e ! a . r ed 1893 e L. e i , N nni King, ught Judg ib King ar ra o or 2 . M tha B nch Houst un , b n 1869, mar 1 3 e r a . ried 89 , P r y G. W ll m ro 3 . a e or re e o o n or J s P ct Sc v n H ust u , b n 1875 , 98 A e o a e o married 18 , nni C llins, d ught r f State Treasurer C . B , d a o o 4 . Clau i B nd H ustoun , born 1878, married d e o f Geo. a a nd e r. s n o 1896 , Geo. P. Rain y, J , Ju g P R iney Miss ol. o o a ar La mar, da ughter of C Th mps n B . L m , Colonel of the 5th d r m . A . an a o er of H n. Florida Regi ent, C . S , b th o Justice L Q. C . h . r m r of a e of t e e e o r . a . La , Mississippi, l t U S Sup m C u t Mr r o o w ar r o s. Pa t ick H ust un as Miss M tha B adf rd , great ra a er of C l. o ra or of the e o o ar g ndd ught o J hn B df d, R v luti n y War . r wa s ea e d r e whose mothe a lin l d scen a nt of Olive Cromw ll. Mrs . ’ Ho stoun s o er w as a d a er f ov. o r u m th ught o G J hn B anch, of or ar N th C olina . m o e o er a . o one of th o o ir or e R b t J es M H ust un, s ns f S Ge g o o ma rr d ara Mc ueen er of l a Mc ue n who H ust un , ie S h Q , sist E iz Q e , marr d e a r o o n r o . i P t ick H ust u , brother of Robe t, as per a b ve r a a a M Robe t J . Houstoun nd S r h cQueen had : 1 ara An o o ar r . S h n H ust un, m ried John W. Ande son , son o o An and ff o of a f J hn W . derson Eliza Cli ord Wa yne ; s n C pt. G eo A d r o e d a . of r or r a a e Co. n s n, B wick, N thumbe l nd , Engl n Eliz fford a d a Cli W yne w as ughter of Richard Wayne and Eliza beth, da er ught of Thomas Clifford . I Record s rom Mr . r H f s Pa t ick oustoun . A History and Genealogy OF THE F ilie of Ho toun of Geor ia am s Bayard , us g , and the Descent of the BoltonFamily FROM THE ! Assheton B ron and H lton , y u , ' BULLOCH , M . D . W A H IN T N f S G O . c c s Ju nas s H . D O N Y . P R IN T E R / 1 9 1 9 i t- g KM. Maf i a Ded ica te d to my frie nds o . Ja mes Ma rion Johnst n . Esq , r o McLa re n McBr de D . J hn y a nd ma M . or rs . E L. C n n a nd e ra Tra Mrs. Jam s G nt cy of i t he B a ya rd L ne . P R E F A C E In presenting the history and genealogy as contained in the following pages the a uthor does not for one moment claim to a e ded the e of ea e or of ea a h v inclu issu ch lin ch m rriage, nor of all o e e e ded ro ea a m ra th s d sc n f m ch f ily, but ther to carry out the descent of the direct line of the fa mily to the first Americana e or ro e e o e de e ded can r c st , f m wh nc th s sc n a rive to tha t positio 1 where they can conveniently tra ce their linea ge from the firs ancestor a rriving in America . In the forthcoming pages many who have no record or w r have not become members of any patriotic bodies or who he fa iled to avail themselves at a critical period of the requisite a o find aid e inform ti n , will much in b ing ena bled to tra ce t o e a e or e r ea e a s o a ed ere s m nc st th i lin g c nt in h in . ? It may be very difficult in time to tra ce the lineage of the a o r ed an adm x who , living in c unt y fill with i ture of va riou to ro e e r re o o ro Amer a a races, p v th i pu bl d f m ic n ncestors who o r n e we ee a r e r settled in this c unt y, u l ss k p t u ecord . Although there a re ma ny references to the distinguished ere a ar to b no Bayard family, th ppe s e connected line of de ro the ree ro er Balthazer e r a n scent f m th b th s, , P t us d Colonel a a a r the o of sam e a ar and An S i Nichol s B y d, s ns u l B y d n wves be o d o e er one o can o . a nt, which f un t g th in b k The is d oes not pretend to give all the lines and issues of the c at nor of all the re of ea arr a e nor branches , child n ch m i g , is any claim made tha t perfection of the genealogy of this fa mily ha s o e de e ed rom a a r been attained . Th s sc nd f Nicholas B y d zul Catherine Livingston wi ll find by consulta tion of the House of e a e a o a Alexander that th y h v R y l lineage . The history and genealogy of the Houstoun family is tra em ’ fro m the first ancestor as given in Crawford s History of the r w th d eor a and h ' Shire of Renf e , to e fa mily who settle in G gi e Royal lineage of the line from Sir Patrick Houstoun is pro an ' by his marriage to the d aughter of Lord Bargany. who ia rn married a daughter af the first Marquis of Dougla s of be Angus fa mily. The family of Bolton of Georgia has been a lready written and v o o o e a o and : printed by Re . R bert B lt n, R gin ld B lton Dr. H. Car PREFACE ne of the a e are to be o rington Bolton , and the li s f mili s f und in the Habersha m and other Southern Families and the Lineage ere or to a o a o Book of the Order of Washington. Th f e v id l ng repetition of na mes we simply tra ce the fa mily to Robert Bol a nd re e era of o re ton of Phil adelphia , Pa his child n, s v l wh m a nd some of their descenda nts olton Lineage is to a f As he o n o t from the ancient f milies o s t , Hult n and the Royal Lineage through the families of hall to a A dau h Dryby and de Tates M bel lbini , g A and e e to a r e a e .
Recommended publications
  • A History and Genealogy of the Families Of
    HISTORY AND GENEALOGY or THE HOUSTOUN FAMILY 3 1 l r e d son of E ar o o Gene al Patrick Houstoun, l est dw d H ust un o e a e a and ro and Claudia Bond , wa s a m st stim ble gentl m n p mi e of a nent man, Adjutant Genera l of Florida, Pr sident St te e r o of o or and r S nate, and held nume ous p sitions h n t ust in a a nd e o a Ma 6 Florid a . He w as born in Sava nn h , di d M nd y, y , 1 a e 66 ear a a a ee Fla . era e a t 901 , g d y s , in T ll h ss , , his fun l b ing “ tended by Confederate Veterans and the Sta te Military . The grea test honor w a s shown this eminent man and all united in o tribute to a worthy son of a distinguished fa mily, wh in him H arr e r a self kept up the prestige of the name . e m i d Ma th ra r a er of ol. o ra for and had o r re : B dfo d, d ught C J hn B d d , f u child n d ard A o or 1 1 . E w ugustus H ustoun , b n 866, mar a da r of e ! a . r ed 1893 e L. e i , N nni King, ught Judg ib King ar ra o or 2 .
    [Show full text]
  • The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. 75 Less Than Two Months
    The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. 75 THE SECOND TROOP PHILADELPHIA CITY CAVALRY. BY W. A. NEWMAN DORLAND, A.M., M.D., F.A.C.S. Major, Medical Corps, U. S. Army; formerly First Lieutenant and Surgeon of the Troop (April 1, 1898-November 10, 1903.) [For references see pp. 90-9^.1 (Continued from Vol. XLVIII, page 382.) Less than two months after the notable and unique parade of December 26,1799, the Second Troop partici- pated in the first celebration of Washington's birthday as a national holiday, which occurred in Philadelphia on February 22, 1800, under the auspices of the Pennsyl- vania Society of the Cincinnati.440 The Troop on this occasion held the place of honor in the line of parade, acting as the escort of the State Society of the Cincin- nati. The following was the announcement issued by the Society of the Cincinnati for this memorable event.441 11 CINCINNATI. "At a meeting of the Pennsylvania State Society of the Cincinnati, held at the State House, in Philadelphia, on the 21st of December, 1799, Brigadier Gen. Mac- pherson in the chair, [the following card was author- ized] : '' In pursuance of a resolution of the Standing Com- mittee of the Penn. Society of the Cincinnati, the mem- bers of the Cincinnati belonging to our Sister States, who may be in the city on Saturday the 22d instant; such officers of the late Eevolutionary army, not members of the Society; the officers of the late army, navy, and militia, are respectfully invited to join in a procession, to be formed at the State House precisely at 12 o 'clock 76 The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry.
    [Show full text]
  • William Weir
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Library Research Grants Harold B. Lee Library 2009 William Weir Danielle Hurd Brigham Young University - Provo, daniellejeanne@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/libraryrg_studentpub Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons The Library Student Research Grant program encourages outstanding student achievement in research, fosters information literacy, and stimulates original scholarship. BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Hurd, Danielle, "William Weir" (2009). Library Research Grants. 12. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/libraryrg_studentpub/12 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by the Harold B. Lee Library at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Library Research Grants by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact scholarsarchive@byu.edu, ellen_amatangelo@byu.edu. William Weir 1 James Weir and Isabel Provand James —d. 7 January 1849 2 Isabel —b. 25 February 1700 Stirling, Renfrew, Scotland; d. 27 March 1760 Stirling, Renfrew, Scotland 3 Children: John--b. 9 March 1718 Patrick--b. 13 March 1720 James--b. 16 January 1723 Patrick--b. 28 March 1725 William--b. 2 August 1727 David--b. 25 February 1730 Mary--b. 27 February 1732 Walter—see below Walter Weir and Jean Fulton Walter Weir and Jean Fulton Walter —Christened 25 May 1735, Stirling, Renfrew, Scotland; 4 d. 1811. Walter was a merchant in Paisley, Scotland where he married Jean Fulton 19 December 1767. 5 Their ten children were all born in Paisely, although several later emigrated to America. Jean —Christened April 1743, 6 Paisley, Renfrew, Scotland. Daughter of Robert Fulton and Anne.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
    THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY John Swanwick: Spokesman for "Merchant-Republicanism ' In Philadelphia, 1790-179 8 HE literature on the era of Jeffersonian democracy is largely- dominated by the great triumvirate of Thomas Jefferson, TJames Madison, and Albert Gallatin.* During the last dec- ade, however, historians have been paying more attention to state and local political leaders who played significant roles in the Demo- cratic-Republican movement.1 Among the more notable second-rank * In a somewhat abbreviated form this article was presented as a paper at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Historical Association held at Williamsport, Pa., on Oct. 22-23, 1971. The author wishes to express his gratitude to his colleague, Bernard Sternsher, for his helpful editorial suggestions. 1 Historians have given most of their attention to secondary Federalists, but since i960 the number of modern scholarly biographies of less prominent Republicans has increased. We now have first-rate biographies on Robert R. Livingston, David Rittenhouse, Aaron Burr, Daniel D. Tompkins, John Breckinridge, Luther Martin, Benjamin Rush (2), Samuel Smith, and James Monroe. There are also a number of good unpublished doctoral dissertations. Among the more notable studies are those on Elkanah Watson, Simon Snyder, Mathew Carey, Samuel Latham Mitchell, Melancton Smith, Levi Woodbury, William Lowndes, William Duane, William Jones (2), Eleazer Oswald, Thomas McKean, Levi Lincoln, Ephraim Kirby, and John Nicholson. Major biographies of Tench Coxe by Jacob E. Cooke, of John Beckley by Edmund Berkeley, and of Thomas McKean by John M. Coleman and Gail Stuart Rowe are now in progress. 131 132 ROLAND M.
    [Show full text]
  • Philadelphia Merchants, Trans-Atlantic Smuggling, and The
    Friends in Low Places: Philadelphia Merchants, Trans-Atlantic Smuggling, and the Secret Deals that Saved the American Revolution By Tynan McMullen University of Colorado Boulder History Honors Thesis Defended 3 April 2020 Thesis Advisor Dr. Virginia Anderson, Department of History Defense Committee Dr. Miriam Kadia, Department of History Capt. Justin Colgrove, Department of Naval Science, USMC 1 Introduction Soldiers love to talk. From privates to generals, each soldier has an opinion, a fact, a story they cannot help themselves from telling. In the modern day, we see this in the form of leaked reports to newspapers and controversial interviews on major networks. On 25 May 1775, as the British American colonies braced themselves for war, an “Officer of distinguished Rank” was running his mouth in the Boston Weekly News-Letter. Boasting about the colonial army’s success ​ ​ during the capture of Fort Ticonderoga two weeks prior, this anonymous officer let details slip about a far more concerning issue. The officer remarked that British troops in Boston were preparing to march out to “give us battle” at Cambridge, but despite their need for ammunition “no Powder is to be found there at present” to supply the Massachusetts militia.1 This statement was not hyperbole. When George Washington took over the Continental Army on 15 June, three weeks later, he was shocked at the complete lack of munitions available to his troops. Two days after that, New England militiamen lost the battle of Bunker Hill in agonizing fashion, repelling a superior British force twice only to be forced back on the third assault.
    [Show full text]
  • New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Vol 21
    K<^' ^ V*^'\^^^ '\'*'^^*/ \'^^-\^^^'^ V' ar* ^ ^^» "w^^^O^o a • <L^ (r> ***^^^>^^* '^ "h. ' ^./ ^^0^ Digitized by the internet Archive > ,/- in 2008 with funding from ' A^' ^^ *: '^^'& : The Library of Congress r^ .-?,'^ httpy/www.archive.org/details/pewyorkgepealog21 newy THE NEW YORK Genealogical\nd Biographical Record. DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF AMERICAN GENEALOGY AND BIOGRAPHY. ISSUED QUARTERLY. VOLUME XXL, 1890. 868; PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY, Berkeley Lyceuim, No. 23 West 44TH Street, NEW YORK CITY. 4125 PUBLICATION COMMITTEE: Rev. BEVERLEY R. BETTS, Chairman. Dr. SAMUEL S. PURPLE.. Gen. JAS. GRANT WILSON. Mr. THOS. G. EVANS. Mr. EDWARD F. DE LANCEY. Mr. WILLL\M P. ROBINSON. Press of J. J. Little & Co., Astor Place, New York. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Albany and New York Records, 170. Baird, Charles W., Sketch of, 147. Bidwell, Marshal] S., Memoir of, i. Brookhaven Epitaphs, 63. Cleveland, Edmund J. Captain Alexander Forbes and his Descendants, 159. Crispell Family, 83. De Lancey, Edward F. Memoir of Marshall S. Bidwell, i. De Witt Family, 185. Dyckman Burial Ground, 81. Edsall, Thomas H. Inscriptions from the Dyckman Burial Ground, 81. Evans, Thomas G. The Crispell Family, 83. The De Witt Family, 185. Fernow, Berlhold. Albany and New York Records, 170 Fishkill and its Ancient Church, 52. Forbes, Alexander, 159. Heermans Family, 58. Herbert and Morgan Records, 40. Hoes, R. R. The Negro Plot of 1712, 162. Hopkins, Woolsey R Two Old New York Houses, 168. Inscriptions from Morgan Manor, N. J. , 112. John Hart, the Signer, 36. John Patterson, by William Henry Lee, 99. Jones, William Alfred. The East in New York, 43. Kelby, William.
    [Show full text]
  • Margaret Bayard) from the Collection of Her Grandson J
    Library of Congress The first forty years of Washington society, portrayed by the family letters of Mrs. Samuel Harrison Smith (Margaret Bayard) from the collection of her grandson J. Henley Smith THE FIRST FORTY YEARS OF WASHINGTON SOCIETY 5 55 Mrs. Samuel Harrison Smith (Margaret Bayard). After the portrait by Charles Bird King, in the possession of her grandson, J. Henley Smith, Washington. THE FIRST FORTY YEARS OF WASHINGTON SOCIETY PORTRAYED BY THE FAMILY LETTERS OF MRS. SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH (MARGARET BAYARD) FROM THE COLLECTION OF HER GRANDSON J. HENLEY SMITH EDITED BY GAILLARD HUNT ILLUSTRATED LC CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK:::::: 1906 Copy 3 F194 .S65 Copy 3 COPYRIGHT, 1906, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS Published November, 1906. The first forty years of Washington society, portrayed by the family letters of Mrs. Samuel Harrison Smith (Margaret Bayard) from the collection of her grandson J. Henley Smith http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.40262 Library of Congress 104116 07 LC PREFATORY NOTE During the first forty years of its existence the city of Washington had a society, more definite and real than it has come to have in later days. The permanent residents, although appurtenant to the changing official element, nevertheless furnished the framework which the larger and more important social life used to build upon, and the result was a structure of society tolerably compact and pleasing and certainly interesting. It was emphatically official, but it did not include the lower class officials, who found their recreation for the most part at the street resorts, and its tone was dignified and wholesome.
    [Show full text]
  • New York State History Book
    GLENCOE New York State History•Geography•Government \ Thomas E. Gray Susan P. Owens Social Studies Teacher Social Studies Teacher DeRuyter, New York East Greenbush, New York About the Authors Thomas E. Gray is a middle school social studies teacher in the Susan P. Owens teaches seventh and eighth grade social studies DeRuyter schools located in central New York state. He has served at the Howard L. Goff Middle School in East Greenbush, New York, as consultant for the National Archives in the development of edu- just east of Albany. She has presented numerous workshops on the cational materials and document kits using primary sources. He use of historical records in the classroom for the New York State has written many grants and conducted numerous workshops Archives, New York State Historical Association, other historical funded by the Local Government Records Management and agencies, as well as for school districts. In 1992 she was the recip- Improvement Fund on the benefits and methods of teaching with ient of the Capital District Council for the Social Studies local government records. In 1990 he was presented with the Neiderberger Award for outstanding service to social studies edu- Educator of the Year Award from the central New York Council for cation. Sue was also awarded the 1995 “Archives Advocacy Award” the Social Studies. He went on to receive the New York State by the New York State Archives and Records Administration. She Council’s Distinguished Social Studies Educator Award in 1994. presently serves as the K–12 Social Studies Department Chair in Tom served for three years as the Chair of the New York State East Greenbush.
    [Show full text]
  • The Commissioners of Forfeitures 261
    260 NEW YORK IN THE REVOLUTION, SUPPLEMENT THE COMMISSIONERS OF FORFEITURES 261 1786, were £(.160.4.7 1/2, and £21149.10.1. The amount of their joint Sales was about £40000. -They were given Levy Notes or Depreciation Notes for the purchase of Lands; and they turned the same over to the State Treasurer. THE COMMISSIONERS OF FORFEITURES The Middle District comprised the Counties of Dutchess, Orange and Ulster. Samuel Dodge, Daniel Graham and John Hathorn were the Commissioners. Their pay was 247— per day. (See law of May 12, 1784). The Accounts show that their expenses were £2707.9.3. from These Officials sold the real estate of Tories and others who had either gone over to the Apr. 9, 17%° to Apr. 30, 1785. Graham's Sales, from July, 1785, to May, 1786, were £3075. The Enemy or were suspected of not being friendly to the American Cause. They were much more Sales, apparently, reached a total of £64363.8.6, those in Dutchess County being larger than in systematic in their Accounts than the Commissioners of Sequestration who dealt, for the most the other two Counties put together. They paid into the State Treasury the following kinds of part, with personal property. The Commissioners of Forfeitures also received and paid over to Notes:— Curtenitis' Barber's Levy, Loan Office, Horse and State Agents'. the State Treasurer, Certificates issued by the Auditors to Liquidate and Settle the Accounts The Southern District, in charge of Commissioners Isaac Stoutenburgh and Philip Van Cort- of the Troops of this State.
    [Show full text]
  • Bayard Taylor and His Transatlantic Representations of Germany: a Nineteenth- Century American Encounter John Kemp
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository History ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 7-12-2014 Bayard Taylor and his Transatlantic Representations of Germany: A Nineteenth- Century American Encounter John Kemp Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds Recommended Citation Kemp, John. "Bayard Taylor and his Transatlantic Representations of Germany: A Nineteenth-Century American Encounter." (2014). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds/38 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in History ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact disc@unm.edu. John Stephan Kemp Candidate History Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Dr. Melissa Bokovoy , Chairperson Dr. Eliza Ferguson Dr. Margaret Connell-Szasz Dr. Peter White I BAYARD TAYLOR AND HIS TRANSATLANTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF GERMANY: A NINETEENTH-CENTURY AMERICAN ENCOUNTER BY JOHN STEPHAN KEMP B.A., History, University of New Mexico, 1987 M.A., Western World to 1500, University of New Mexico, 1992 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy History The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May, 2014 II DEDICATION In memory of Chuck Preston, my UNM English 102 instructor, who passed away in 1985 - his confidence in my ability kept me in college when I considered dropping out To My parents, John and Hilde Kemp, without whose unwavering support and encouragement I would have faltered long ago To My daughters, Josefa, Amy, and Emily, who are the lights of my life.
    [Show full text]
  • Register of the Colonial Dames of Ny, 1893-1913
    THE C OLONIAL DAMES OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK REGISTER O F THE COLONIAL DAMES OFHE T STATE OF NEW YORK 1893 - 1 913- * "> '■ 5 ORGANIZED A PRIL 29th, 1893 INCORPORATED APRIL 29th, 1893 PUBLISHED B Y THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS NEW Y ORK MCMXIII THEEW N YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY 646? 1 9 ASTOR, L ENOX AND TILOeN FOUNDATIONS R 1 9'5 L. Printedy b Frederick H. Hitchcock 105 West 40th Street New York CERTIFICATE O F INCORPORATION '"aiantaiwiokiTih ( -r-^iKsmtssaittlot'.Kl CERTIFICATE O F INCORPORATION HEOF T Colonial D ames of the State of New York We, t he undersigned women, citizens of the United States and of the State of New York, all being of full age, do hereby asso ciate and form ourselves into a Society by the name, style and title of : "The C olonial Dames of the State of New York," andn i order that the said Society shall be a body corporate and politic under and in pursuance of the Act of the Legislature of the State of New York (Chapter 267), passed May 12, 1875, en~ titled "An Act for the incorporation of societies or clubs for cer tain lawful purposes," and of the several Acts of the Legislature of said State amendatory thereof, we do hereby certify : First. — T hat the name or title by which the said Society shall be known in law, shall be "The Colonial Dames of the State of New York." Second. — T hat the particular business and objects of the said Society shall be patriotic, historical, literary, benevolent and so cial, and for the purposes of perpetuating the memory of those honored men whose sacrifices and labors, in
    [Show full text]
  • MIDNIGHT JUDGES KATHRYN Turnu I
    [Vol.109 THE MIDNIGHT JUDGES KATHRYN TuRNu I "The Federalists have retired into the judiciary as a strong- hold . and from that battery all the works of republicanism are to be beaten down and erased." ' This bitter lament of Thomas Jefferson after he had succeeded to the Presidency referred to the final legacy bequeathed him by the Federalist party. Passed during the closing weeks of the Adams administration, the Judiciary Act of 1801 2 pro- vided the Chief Executive with an opportunity to fill new judicial offices carrying tenure for life before his authority ended on March 4, 1801. Because of the last-minute rush in accomplishing this purpose, those men then appointed have since been known by the familiar generic designation, "the midnight judges." This flight of Federalists into the sanctuary of an expanded federal judiciary was, of course, viewed by the Republicans as the last of many partisan outrages, and was to furnish the focus for Republican retaliation once the Jeffersonian Congress convened in the fall of 1801. That the Judiciary Act of 1801 was repealed and the new judges deprived of their new offices in the first of the party battles of the Jeffersonian period is well known. However, the circumstances surrounding the appointment of "the midnight judges" have never been recounted, and even the names of those appointed have vanished from studies of the period. It is the purpose of this Article to provide some further information about the final event of the Federalist decade. A cardinal feature of the Judiciary Act of 1801 was a reform long advocated-the reorganization of the circuit courts.' Under the Judiciary Act of 1789, the judicial districts of the United States had been grouped into three circuits-Eastern, Middle, and Southern-in which circuit court was held by two justices of the Supreme Court (after 1793, by one justice) ' and the district judge of the district in which the court was sitting.5 The Act of 1801 grouped the districts t Assistant Professor of History, Wellesley College.
    [Show full text]