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Main Command Post-Operational Detachments C O R P O R A T I O N Main Command Post- Operational Detachments (MCP-ODs) and Division Headquarters Readiness Stephen Dalzell, Christopher M. Schnaubelt, Michael E. Linick, Timothy R. Gulden, Lisa Pelled Colabella, Susan G. Straus, James Sladden, Rebecca Jensen, Matthew Olson, Amy Grace Donohue, Jaime L. Hastings, Hilary A. Reininger, Penelope Speed For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2615 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0225-7 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2019 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This report documents research and analysis conducted as part of a project entitled Multi- Component Units and Division Headquarters Readiness sponsored by U.S. Army Forces Command. The purpose of the project was to identify the effects of implementing the mul- ticomponent unit (MCU) program for all division headquarters (HQ) on their readiness to rapidly respond to contingencies and their ability to conduct mission command from alert through completed deployment in theater. The project also sought to develop potential mitiga- tion strategies, as needed, for division HQs based in the continental United States (CONUS). The Project Unique Identification Code (PUIC) for the project that produced this docu- ment is HQD177474. This research was conducted within RAND Arroyo Center’s Personnel, Training, and Health Program. RAND Arroyo Center, part of the RAND Corporation, is a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) sponsored by the U.S. Army. RAND operates under a Federal-Wide Assurance (FWA00003425) and complies with the Code of Federal Regulations for the Protection of Human Subjects Under United States Law (45 CFR 46), also known as “the Common Rule,” as well as with the implementation guidance set forth in Department of Defense (DoD) Instruction 3216.02. As applicable, this compliance includes reviews and approvals by RAND’s Institutional Review Board (the Human Subjects Protection Committee) and by the U.S. Army. The views of sources utilized in this study are solely their own and do not represent the official policy or position of DoD or the U.S. government. iii Contents Preface ........................................................................................................... iii Figures ...........................................................................................................vii Tables ............................................................................................................ ix Summary ........................................................................................................ xi Acknowledgments .............................................................................................xv Abbreviations ................................................................................................. xvii CHAPTER ONE Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 Who Asked Us to Do What and Why It Is Important ...................................................... 1 Key Questions .................................................................................................... 2 Assumptions ...................................................................................................... 3 Desired Outcome of Study ...................................................................................... 3 Methodology ..................................................................................................... 4 Road Map to the Report ........................................................................................ 5 Notes on Terminology ........................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER TWO The Division Headquarters: History, Organization, and Roles ....................................... 7 The Evolution of U.S. Divisions and Division Headquarters ............................................... 7 The Division Headquarters in Operations, 1992–2014 ....................................................15 CHAPTER THREE History of the Focus Area Review Group II Design and Intent/Limitations ......................19 CHAPTER FOUR DOTMLPF-P Analysis of Focus Area Review Group II Impacts .....................................31 Introduction .....................................................................................................31 Doctrine and Policy .............................................................................................31 Organization .....................................................................................................39 Training ......................................................................................................... 43 Materiel .......................................................................................................... 50 Leader Development ............................................................................................51 Personnel .........................................................................................................52 Facilities ..........................................................................................................61 Summary of DOTMLPF-P Issues ............................................................................63 v vi Main Command Post–Operational Detachments and Division Headquarters Readiness CHAPTER FIVE Impact of Focus Area Review Group II Changes on Short-Notice Readiness ......................65 Model Description ..............................................................................................65 Parameters........................................................................................................67 Modeling Assumptions .........................................................................................67 Scenarios for Headquarters Deployment .................................................................... 68 Scenario: Rotational Deployment .............................................................................71 Scenario: Global Response Force ..............................................................................72 Scenario: Short-Term Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief .....................................73 Scenario: Major Contingency (Without Active Component Augmentation) ............................73 Scenario: Major Contingency (with Active Component Augmentation) .................................74 Summary .........................................................................................................75 CHAPTER SIX Conclusion and Recommendations ....................................................................... 77 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 77 Key Findings .....................................................................................................78 Recommendations ..............................................................................................79 APPENDIXES A. Aligning Active Component and Reserve Component Training Management ...............81 B. Division Headquarters Fill Rate Tables ............................................................. 87 C. A Short History of U.S. Division Headquarters Deployments Since the End of the Cold War ...................................................................................................93 References ...................................................................................................... 99 Figures S.1. Focus Area Review Group II Reductions to Division Headquarters ........................ xi 1.1. Focus Area Review Group II Reductions to Division Headquarters ......................... 2 3.1. Division Headquarters Reductions and Transfers .............................................19 3.2. Time Line of Division Headquarters Redesign ............................................... 20 3.3. Focus Area Review Group II Reductions to Division Headquarters ........................21 3.4. Focus Area Review Group II Headquarters Employment Concept ........................ 23 3.5. Divisional MCP-OD Positions by Section ..................................................... 26 3.6. Active Component and Reserve Component Positions Within
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